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ISM (Intisari Sains Medis) : Jurnal Kedokteran

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Published by Universitas Udayana

ISSN : 25033638 EISSN : - DOI : -

Core Subject : Health, Science,

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Medicine & Pharmacology

Intisari Sains Medis is published by Medical Scientific Community, Indonesia. Intisari Sains Medis is an international, multidisciplinary, peer-reviewed, open access journal accepts papers for publication in all aspects of Science Digest, Medical Research Development, Research Medical Field and Theory. We also publish cases from third world country, that is considered very rare and special cases.

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Search results for , issue "Vol. 13 No. 1 (2022): (Available Online : 1 April 2022)" : 68 Documents clear

Kolesterol non-HDL yang tinggi berhubungan dengan derajat stenosis arteri koroner berat pada pasien sindroma koroner kronis di RSUP Sanglah I Made Gunarsa; Wayan Aryadana; I Made Junior Rina Artha
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 13 No. 1 (2022): (Available Online : 1 April 2022)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15562/ism.v13i1.1004

Introduction: Non-HDL cholesterol is a lipid parameter that describes the overall component of atherogenic lipids and is strongly correlated with apoB and sdLDL (small-dense LDL). There has been no study linking non HDL cholesterol (high density lipoprotein) with the degree of coronary stenosis based on the assessment of the previous syntax score. This study aims to prove the relationship between high non-HDL cholesterol and the degree of severe coronary artery lesions in patients with chronic coronary syndrome who underwent coronary angiography at Sanglah Hospital Denpasar.Methods: This analytical observational study was conducted at Sanglah General Hospital from June to November 2020. Sampling was carried out by consecutive sampling. Non HDL cholesterol was calculated by subtracting total cholesterol with HDL and divided into 2 categories based on ROC analysis. The syntax score was calculated based on the results of coronary angiography and was divided into 2 categories (cut off 22). The relationship between non-HDL cholesterol and the degree of coronary stenosis was assessed by chi-square test analysis.Results: Seventy-two subjects were included in this study with a mean age of 59.43±8.9 years. At the cut-off point of 104.5 mg/dL based on the ROC curve, non-HDL cholesterol had an AUC of 0.846, a sensitivity level of 80% and a specificity of 78.1% (p < 0.001). The results of bivariate analysis showed that high non-HDL cholesterol was associated with the degree of severe coronary stenosis with a prevalence ratio of 3.385 (p<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that high non-HDL cholesterol proved to be an independent predictor of severe coronary artery stenosis in patients with chronic coronary syndrome at Sanglah Hospital.Conclusion: High non-HDL cholesterol was shown to be independently associated with severe coronary artery stenosis in SKK subjects at Sanglah Hospital. Pendahuluan: Kolesterol non HDL merupakan parameter lipid yang menggambarkan keseluruhan komponen lipid atherogenik dan berkorelasi kuat dengan apoB dan sdLDL (small-dense LDL). Belum ada penelitian yang menghubungkan kolesterol non HDL (high density lipoprotein) dengan derajat stenosis koroner berdasarkan penilaian skor syntax sebelumnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan hubungan kolesterol non HDL yang tinggi dengan derajat lesi arteri koroner yang berat pada penderita sindroma koroner kronis yang dilakukan tindakan angiografi koroner di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar.Metode: : Penelitian observasional analitik ini dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Umum Sanglah dari Juni hingga November 2020. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara concecutive sampling. Kolesterol non HDL dihitung dengan cara mengurangi total kolesterol dengan HDL dan dibagi menjadi 2 kategori berdasarkan analisis ROC. Skor syntax dihitung berdasarkan hasil angiografi koroner dan dibagi menjadi 2 kategori (cut off 22). Hubungan antara kolesterol non HDL dan derajat stenosis koroner dinilai dengan analisis chi-square test.Hasil: Tujuh puluh dua subyek dilibatkan dalam penelitian ini dengan dengan rerata usia 59,43±8,9 tahun. Pada nilai titik potong 104.5 mg/dL berdasarkan kurva ROC, kolesterol non HDL memiliki AUC 0.846, tingkat sensitifitas 80% dan spesifisitas 78,1% (p <0.001). Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan kolesterol non HDL yang tinggi berhubungan derajat stenosis koroner berat dengan rasio prevalens 3,385 (p<0.001). Analisis multivariat regresi logistik menunjukkan kolesterol non HDL yang tinggi terbukti sebagai prediktor independen stenosis arteri koroner berat pada penderita sindroma koroner kronis di RSUP Sanglah.Simpulan: Kolesterol non HDL yang tinggi terbukti berhubungan secara independen dengan stenosis arteri koroner berat pada subyek SKK di RSUP Sanglah.

Comparison of albumin 4%, gelatine, and ringer lactate as volume expander post-resuscitative phase on cardiac output and lactate serum after Coronary Arterial Bypass Grafting (CABG) on-pump: Single-center randomized prospective study Prieta Adriane; Ni Luh Kusuma Dewi; Ardiyan Ardiyan
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 13 No. 1 (2022): (Available Online : 1 April 2022)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Background. The use of protein colloid in fluid management post-cardiac surgery is debatable whether it is more beneficial than non-protein colloid or crystalloid. Patients who still need more volume after the resuscitative phase might benefit from optimal fluid management by choosing the most beneficial fluid. This study compared albumin 4% administration to gelatine and ringer lactate as a volume expanders post-resuscitative phase after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) on-pump.Methods. We conducted a single-centered, single-blind, randomized controlled study that assigned 120 patients undergoing elective CABG on-pump. Subjects who met inclusion criteria received 125 ml/hour of either albumin 4%, gelatine colloid, or Ringer's lactate (RL) as the only infusion fluid for 4 hours after the first assessment post-resuscitative phase, after intensive care unit (ICU) admission. After fluid administration, patients were reassessed. The assessment included cardiac output and lactate serum as the primary outcome, while the duration of mechanical ventilation, ICU, and hospital stay were recorded as secondary outcomes.Results. The mean of cumulative cardiac output improvement differed between the group albumin 4% 1.18 L/min, gelatine 0.88, and RL 0.74 (p=0.002). Lactate serum decreased in the albumin 4% group as much as 3.31 gr/dl compared to gelatine 2.13 and RL group 2.37 (p=0.005). Duration of mechanical ventilation, length of stay in ICU, and hospital post-operative were shorter in the albumin group than in other groups. Conclusions. Albumin 4% used as a volume expander in the post-resuscitative phase still improved cardiac output and tissue micro-perfusion than gelatine and ringer lactate.

Akurasi otoskopi video digital dalam mendiagnosis otitis media akut pada pasien pediatri: sebuah tinjauan sistematik Anak Agung Wira Ryantama; Ni Luh Parameswari Praptika; Ni Nyoman Astrid Tri Bhuwana
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 13 No. 1 (2022): (Available Online : 1 April 2022)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Introduction: Acute otitis media one of the most prevalent ear and throat infection, mostly affecting children. Diagnosis of this condition was complicated by the perceived invasive procedure and the shortage of qualified otologist. Digital video otoscopy is a new and evolving concept in otology which could be further enhanced with telemedicine. It increases access to specialist otologist care by having the examination performed by less qualified healthcare professional. In this review we would like to assess the newest evidence on digital video otoscopy as diagnostic modality for acute otitis media.Methods: We identified literature published from 2000 to 2020 from MEDLINE and Google Scholar. We included studies which reported diagnosis of acute otitis media using digital video otoscopy devices. We include both descriptive and analytical studies. We exclude literatures that reported secondary results or those that does not have acute otitis media as the diagnosis of interest. Articles that fulfill the criteria was then analyzed qualitatively to identify the themes that emerges.Results: Literature search resulted in 10 included studies which includes descriptive studies, diagnostic studies, and RCTs. Digital video devices used varied from add-ons to smartphones to dedicated digital video otoscopy results. The reported examiners also varied from otologist, general practitioners, to telemedicine facilitators. Most studies concur that digital video otoscopy provided adequate inter-examiner and intra-examiner reliability. At the same time, digital video otoscopy provides adequately accurate diagnosis of acute otitis media. Where comparison was available, the accuracy of digital video otoscopy was not significantly different compared to other modes of otoscopy.Conclusions: Digital video otoscopy provide adequately reliable and accurate diagnostic examination for acute otitis media. Some digital video otoscopy system was simple enough to be operated by nurses or telemedicine facilitators, supporting the utilization of this system for telemedicine.

The efficacy of olmesartan/amlodipine combination in hypertension treatment – a systematic review Ni Luh Parameswari Praptika; Anak Agung Wira Ryantama; Ni Nyoman Astrid Tri Bhuwana
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 13 No. 1 (2022): (Available Online : 1 April 2022)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Introduction: Hypertension is the most common non-communicable disease, which persists as a major risk factor of cardiovascular diseases such as stroke, myocardial infection, and heart failure. Another major problem in clinical practice was the patients' adherence to treatment, directly related to the number of hypertension pills to be taken. Thus, determining the appropriate time duration and action of a hypertensive drug to maintain the blood pressure is needed. Olmesartan is one of the drug compounds frequently used for long-acting anti-hypertensive treatment. It is often combined with amlodipine; however, their combination remains unclear to provide equal efficacy and safety. Thus, in this article, we systematically summarize the combination of Olmesartan with amlodipine.Methods: This systematic literature review was extracted from Science Direct and Pubmed to identify randomized clinical trials (RCT) of the outcome of the Olmesartan/amlodipine effect compared with other hypertension regimens by using PRISMA guideline 2009. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed independently by two reviewers using The Cochrane Collaboration's RoB 2 tool.Results: We evaluated twelve studies in the last ten years, and there were four studies with an intention-to-treat protocol (25% of articles had some concern, and 75% had a low risk of bias.) and eight studies with per-protocol analysis (37,5% of articles were concerned, and the rest had a low risk of overall bias). We also presented the efficacy and safety outcomes of the study reviewed.Conclusion: Hypertension is a common non-communicable disease, and treatment approaches for hypertension vary widely. Administration of combination drugs is a good approach in reducing the dose of drug administration and reducing the incidence of side effects in monotherapy. Inhibiting the RAA system by olmesartan and reducing vascular smooth muscle tone by amlodipine gives better results and can be a safe and effective option for lowering blood pressure in hypertensive patients. The side effects observed were not severe and only observed in a few cases, making it an option to treat hypertension.

Analisis faktor risiko kejadian infeksi saluran pernapasan akut di Abiansemal Kabupaten Badung tahun 2018 Ni Made Marwati; I Wayan Sali; I Made Bulda Mahayana; I Gusti Ayu Made Aryasih
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 13 No. 1 (2022): (Available Online : 1 April 2022)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Background: Acute Respiratory Tract Infections (ARTI) is one of the main causes of patient visits to the public health center (40%-60%) and hospital (15%-30%). The purpose of this study was to determine various risk factors that influence the incidence of ARTI in Abiansemal in 2018.Methods: This research was an observational study using a case-control research design by looking for various relationships of risk factors on the incidence of ARTI. The case group consists of patients diagnosed with ARTI and the control group were those who were not diagnosed with ARTI. The independent variables in this study were room occupancy density, kitchen room ventilation, smoking habits of parents, bedroom and living room ventilation, bedroom and living room light intensity, bedroom and living room air temperature, bedroom and living room, floor and wall humidity.Result: The bivariate analysis showed that the risk factors for the incidence of ARTI were room occupancy density with a value of ?=0.05 (p=0.000, OR=28.444), smoking habits of the parents (p=0.000, OR=20.000), bedroom ventilation (p=0.003, OR=10.500), bedroom light intensity (p=0,000, OR=67,500), living room light intensity (p=0.001, OR=14.063), bedroom air temperature (p=0.002, OR=14.571), bedroom air humidity (p=0,000, OR=20,000).Conclusion: There were seven factors that were significantly associated with the incidence of ARTI in Abiansemal includeing room occupancy density, smoking habits of the parents, bedroom ventilation, bedroom light intensity, living room light intensity, bedroom air temperature, and bedroom air humidity. Latar Belakang: Infeksi Saluran Pernafasan Akut (ISPA) merupakan salah satu penyebab utama kunjungan pasien ke Puskesmas (40%-60%) dan rumah sakit (15%-30%). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui berbagai faktor risiko yang mempengaruhi kejadian ISPA di Abiansemal tahun 2018.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan desain penelitian kasus kontrol dengan mencari berbagai hubungan faktor risiko terhadap kejadian ISPA. Kelompok kasus terdiri dari pasien yang terdiagnosis ISPA dan kelompok kontrol adalah mereka yang tidak terdiagnosis ISPA. Variabel bebas dalam penelitian ini adalah kepadatan hunian kamar, ventilasi ruang dapur, kebiasaan merokok orang tua, ventilasi kamar tidur dan ruang tamu, intensitas cahaya kamar tidur dan ruang tamu, suhu udara kamar tidur dan ruang tamu, kamar tidur dan ruang tamu, kelembaban lantai dan dinding.Hasil: Analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa faktor risiko kejadian ISPA adalah kepadatan hunian kamar dengan nilai 0,05 (p=0,000, OR=28,444), kebiasaan merokok orang tua (p=0,000, OR=20,000), ventilasi kamar tidur (p=0,003, OR=10,500), intensitas cahaya kamar tidur (p=0,000, OR=67,500), intensitas cahaya ruang tamu (p=0,001, OR=14,063), suhu udara kamar tidur (p=0,002, OR= 14,571), kelembaban udara kamar tidur (p=0,000, OR=20,000).Kesimpulan: Terdapat tujuh faktor yang berhubungan signifikan dengan kejadian ISPA di Abiansemal meliputi kepadatan hunian kamar, kebiasaan merokok orang tua, ventilasi kamar tidur, intensitas cahaya kamar tidur, intensitas cahaya ruang tamu, suhu udara kamar tidur, dan kelembaban udara kamar tidur.

Studi kualitatif dan kuantitatif fitokimia ekstrak air dan ekstrak etanol daun kirinyuh (Chromolaena odorata l.) yang tumbuh di Provinsi Bali Regina Tedjasulaksana; Maria Martina Nahak; Ni Ketut Ratmini
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 13 No. 1 (2022): (Available Online : 1 April 2022)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Background: Kirinyuh (Chromolaena odorata L.) leaf as a traditional medicine is used for wound healing. Kirinyuh is easy to get because it can still grow well in less fertile areas. This study aims to determine the results of qualitative and quantitative tests of the active substance in kirinyuh leaf extract (Chromolaena odorata L) growing in the province of Bali.Methods: This research was pre-experimental with completely randomized design with post-test only control group design. The research sample is kirinyuh leaves from three regions in the province of Bali based on geomorphology. Qualitative test results of ethanol and water extract of kirinyuh leaves (Chromolaena Odorata L.) methanol and ethyl acetate fractions contain alkaloids, saponins, tannins, phenols, flavonoids and antioxidants.Results: The results of the quantitative test of the highest alkaloid content from the ethanol extract of the methanol fraction from Jimbaran, namely 11,690.49 mg/100 gr. The highest tannin content of the ethanol extract of the ethyl acetate fraction from Tabanan was 172777 mg/100 gr. The highest Saponin content from the aqua extract of the ethyl acetate fraction was 2977.27 mg/100gr. The highest phenol content from the ethanol extract of the methanol fraction from Bangli was 19716.1 mg/100 gr. The highest flavonoid content from the ethanol extract of the ethyl acetate fraction from Tabanan was 13704.7 mg/100 gr. The highest antioxidant content of the aqua extract of the methanol fraction from Tabanan was 62.3067 ppm.Conclusion: Total alkaloids of kirinyuh leaves in Jimbaran, Bangli and Tabanan were significantly different with p value = 0.000 (p < 0.05), tannins with p value = 0.000, phenols with p value = 0.006, flavonoids with p value = 0.000 and antioxidants with p value. p=0.000. Saponins in extracts from Jimbaran, Bangli and Tabanan there was no significant difference because the value of p=0,252 (p>0,05). Latar Belakang: Daun kirinyuh ( Chromolaena odorata L. ) sebagai obat tradisional digunakan untuk penyembuhan luka. Kirinyuh mudah didapat karena dapat tetap tumbuh baik di daerah yang kurang subur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hasil uji kualitatif dan kuntitatif zat aktif dalam ekstrak daun kirinyuh (Chromolaena odorata L) yang tumbuh di propinsi Bali.Metode: penelitian ini adalah pra eksperimen dengan rancangan completely randomized with post test only control group design. Sampel penelitian yaitu daun kirinyuh dari tiga wilayah di provinsi Bali berdasarkan geomorfologi. Hasil uji kualitatif ekstrak etanol dan air daun kirinyuh (Chromolaena Odorata L.) fraksi methanol dan etil asetat mengandung senyawa alkaloid, saponin, tannin, fenol, flavonoid dan antioksidan.Hasil: Hasil uji kuantitatif kadar alkaloid terbanyak dari ekstrak etanol fraksi methanol dari Jimbaran, yaitu 11.690,49 mg/100 gr. Kadar tannin terbanyak dari ekstrak etanol fraksi etil asetat dari Tabanan, yaitu 172777 mg/100 gr. Kadar Saponin terbanyak dari ekstrak aqua fraksi etil asetat yaitu 2977,27 mg/100gr. Kadar fenol terbanyak dari ekstrak etanol fraksi methanol dari Bangli, yaitu 19716,1 mg/100 gr. Kadar flavonoid terbanyak dari ekstrak etanol fraksi etil asetat dari Tabanan, yaitu 13704,7 mg/100 gr. Kadar antioksidan terbanyak dari ekstrak aqua fraksi metanol dari Tabanan, yaitu 62,3067 ppm.Simpulan: Total alkaloid daun kirinyuh Jimbaran, Bangli dan Tabanan berbeda bermakna dengan nilai p=0,000 (p<0,05), tannin dengan nilai p=0,000, fenol dengan nilai p=0,006, flavonoid dengan nilai p=0,000 dan antioksidan dengan nilai p=0,000. Saponin dalam ekstrak dari Jimbaran, Bangli dan Tabanan tidak ada perbedaan bermakna karena nilai p=0,252 (p>0,05).

Bronkiolitis akut pada bayi: laporan kasus Peter Prayogo Hsieh; Florencia Christina Sindhu; Fricillia Mapantow
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 13 No. 1 (2022): (Available Online : 1 April 2022)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Introduction: Acute respiratory tract infection (ARI) is the major cause of mortality and morbidity in low – and middle–income countries. Bronchiolitis is the most common respiratory tract infection in <2 years old individuals but is often confused with bronchial asthma. This report aims to describe the difference between those two diseases. Case: Eight–month–old baby girl presented with shortness of breath, abnormal breathing sound, productive cough, fever, nasal discharge, and vomiting for 3 days. She’s got a history of abnormal breathing sound at 4 months old. Parents had no history of allergy or asthma. On examination, she was alert, weighed 6,8 kg, had an axillary temperature of 37°C, heart rate of 128/min, respiratory rate of 56/min with subcostal retraction, rhonchi, and wheezing on both chests. Laboratory findings showed hemoglobin of 11,2 g/dL, hematocrit of 32,3%, leukocyte count of 10.810/mm³, thrombocyte count of 361.000/mm³. Serum electrolytes and blood sugar levels were within normal limits. Chest radiograph showed patchy perihilar infiltrates on both lungs and hyperinflation. She was diagnosed with bronchiolitis and was treated with KAEN3B 700 cc/24 hours, nasal oxygen 2 L/min, 3 x 200 mg ampicillin, 2 x 15 mg gentamicin, 3 x 1 mg dexamethasone, ipratropium bromide and albuterol nebulization 3 times daily, 3 x 70 mg oral paracetamol. Her condition improved, and she was discharged after 7 days of hospitalization. Conclusion: There are fundamental differences in clinical profiles between bronchiolitis and bronchial asthma, which have to be carefully examined to prevent misdiagnosis. Latar Belakang: Infeksi saluran pernafasan akut (ISPA) merupakan masalah utama penyebab mortalitas dan morbiditas di negara berpenghasilan menengah ke bawah. Bronkiolitis merupakan salah satu infeksi saluran nafas tersering pada anak berusia di bawah 2 tahun yang sering dikira sebagai asma bronkial. Laporan ini bertujuan untuk memberi gambaran perbedaan antara kedua penyakit tersebut. Kasus: Bayi perempuan berusia 8 bulan datang dengan keluhan sesak, suara nafas abnormal, batuk berdahak, demam, pilek, dan muntah selama 3 hari. Pasien memiliki riwayat suara nafas abnormal pada usia 4 bulan. Baik pasien maupun orangtua tidak memiliki riwayat alergi maupun asma bronkial. Pada pemeriksaan fisik, pasien sadar, berat badan 6,8 kg, suhu aksila 37° C, nadi 128 kali/menit, laju pernafasan 56 kali/menit, dan didapatkan retraksi subkostal, ronkhi, serta wheezing pada kedua lapang paru. Hasil laboratorium menunjukkan kadar hemoglobin 11,2 g/dL, leukosit 10.810/mm3, trombosit 361.000/mm3, hematokrit 32,3% dengan kadar elektrolit normal. Pemeriksaan foto toraks menunjukkan gambaran hiperinflasi serta patchy infiltrates pada perihilar kanan dan kiri. Pasien didiagnosis menderita bronkiolitis dan mendapatkan terapi cairan dengan KAEN3B 700 cc/ 24 jam, injeksi ampisilin 3 x 200 mg, injeksi gentamicin 2 x 15 mg, injeksi dexamethasone 3 x 1 mg, nebulisasi ipratropium bromide dan albuterol 3 kali/ hari, serta parasetamol oral 3 x 70 mg. Pada hari ke 7, pasien dipulangkan dalam kondisi sehat. Simpulan: Terdapat perbedaan mendasar pada gejala klinis bronkiolitis dan asma bronkial yang jika tidak dicermati dengan hati – hati akan menyebabkan kesalahan diagnosis.

Uji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak kulit batang tanaman kenanga (cananga odorata) terhadap bakteri penyebab infeksi kulit Staphylococcus aureus in vitro Putu Gitanjani Mahadewi Semadhi; Ketut Indah Karina Mahardika; Rena Sari Megayanthi; Ni Wayan Prabasiwi Kirana; I Dewa Gde Bagus Panji Palaguna; Made Agus Hendrayana
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 13 No. 1 (2022): (Available Online : 1 April 2022)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Background: Staphylococcus aureus resistance to antibiotics or Methicillin Resistance Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) is a severe problem worldwide with high morbidity and mortality rates, so it is necessary to identify alternative new antibacterial compounds to overcome this problem, especially those that derived from natural ingredients. One of these natural ingredients is the ylang plant (Cananga odorata) because the phytochemical test results show that this plant contains various bacteriostatic compounds. This study aims to determine whether the bark extract of the ylang plant (Cananga odorata) can inhibit the growth of S. aureus.Methods: In vitro experimental research using ylang bark extract (Cananga odorata) with concentrations of 20%, 60%, and 100% with 96% ethanol diluent. Inhibition test was carried out using the disc diffusion test method with five repetitions.Results: The average zone of inhibition of the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria was as follows: 20% extract (P1) 11.8 mm; extract 60% (P2) 12.2 mm; extract 100% (P3) 18.2 mm; positive control (K2) 32.4 mm; and negative control (K1) 0 mm. The statistical analysis results showed that the bark extract of the Cananga plant affected the inhibition of S. aureus bacteria at concentrations of 20%, 60%, and 100%.Conclusion: Ylang plant (Cananga odorata) bark extract with concentrations of 20%, 60%, and 100% was effective in inhibiting the growth of S. aureus bacteria. Latar Belakang: Resistensi bakteri Staphylococcus aureus terhadap antibiotik atau Methicillin Resistance Staphyloccus Aureus (MRSA) merupakan salah satu masalah serius di dunia kesehatan, sehingga perlu diidentifikasi alternatif senyawa antibakteri baru untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, khususnya yang berasal dari bahan alami. Adapun salah satu bahan alami tersebut yakni tanaman kenanga (Cananga odorata) karena hasil uji fitokimia menunjukkan bahwa tanaman ini mengandung berbagai senyawa bakteriostatik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ekstrak kulit batang tanaman kenanga (Cananga odorata) dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri S. aureus.Metode: Penelitian eksperimental in vitro menggunakan ekstrak kulit batang tanaman kenanga (Cananga odorata) dengan konsentrasi sebesar 20%, 60%, dan 100% dengan pengencer etanol 96%. Pengujian daya hambat dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode uji difusi cakram sebanyak lima kali pengulangan.Hasil: Rerata zona hambat pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus adalah sebagai berikut: ekstrak 20% (P1) 11,8 mm; ekstrak 60% (P2) 12,2 mm; ekstrak 100% (P3) 18,2 mm; kontrol positif (K2) 32,4 mm; dan kontrol negatif (K1) 0 mm. Hasil analisis statistik menyatakan bahwa ekstrak kulit batang tanaman kenanga berpengaruh terhadap daya hambat bakteri S. aureus pada konsentrasi 20%, 60%, dan 100%.Kesimpulan: Ekstrak kulit batang tanaman kenanga (Cananga odorata) dengan konsentrasi 20%, 60%, dan 100% efektif untuk menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri S. aureus

Perbandingan skor Middle Ear Risk Index (MERI) pada pasien Otitis Media Supuratif Kronis (OMSK) dengan komplikasi intrakranial dan ekstrakranial di RSUD dr. Saiful Anwar, Malang, Indonesia Ahmad Dian Wahyudiono; David Santoso
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 13 No. 1 (2022): (Available Online : 1 April 2022)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Background: Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (CSOM) is a chronic infection in the middle ear mucosa with tympanic membrane perforation and causes complications in the form of intracranial and extracranial. In previous studies, CSOM mortality rates were different between intracranial and extracranial complications. That prompted the researchers to determine the middle ear postoperative prognosis in CSOM with intracranial complications compared to the extracranial. Postoperative prognosis is measured by Middle Ear Risk Index (MERI). This study aims to evaluate the comparison of MERI scores in CSOM patients with intracranial and extracranial complications. Methods: The research was conducted with an observational analytic design involving 40 research subjects from medical records of CSOM patients at RSUD dr. Saiful Anwar Malang in January 2017 – July 2021. The samples were divided into CSOM with intracranial and extracranial complications, including 12 and 28 subjects, respectively. Those samples are taken using consecutive sampling techniques and tested using an Independent T-test. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25 for Windows.Results: The mean of MERI scores in CSOM patients with intracranial complications was 9.170±2.517, and that in extracranial complications was 7.570±1.854. The p-value of 0.031 (P<0.05) was obtained using an Independent T-test, indicating a significant difference of MERI scores mean between CSOM patients with intracranial and extracranial. Conclusion: There is a significant difference in MERI scores between CSOM with intracranial and extracranial complications. Latar Belakang: Otitis Media Supuratif Kronis (OMSK) adalah infeksi kronis yang terjadi pada mukosa telinga tengah yang ditandai dengan perforasi membran timpani dan dapat menyebabkan komplikasi intrakranial maupun ekstrakranial. Penatalaksanaan OMSK dengan komplikasi bertujuan untuk menyelesaikan komplikasi, infeksi di telinga tengah dan perbaikan fungsi. Perbaikan fungsi pendengaran bukan tujuan utama tapi tetap menjadi harapan dari pasien. Prognosis fungsi pendengaran pada operasi mastoid dapat dinilai dengan memperhatikan Middle Ear Risk Index (MERI). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi perbandingan skor MERI pada pasien OMSK dengan komplikasi intrakranial dan ekstrakranial.Metode: Penelitian dilakukan dengan desain penelitian observasional analitik yang melibatkan 40 subjek penelitian berupa rekam medis pasien OMSK di RSUD dr. Saiful Anwar Malang bulan Januari 2017 – Juli 2021. Sampel terbagi menjadi dua kategori yaitu OMSK dengan komplikasi intrakranial dan ekstrakranial dengan jumlah secara berurutan yaitu 12 dan 28 sampel. Sampel diambil menggunakan teknik konsekutif dan diuji menggunakan Independent T-Test. Data dianalisis dengan SPSS versi 25 untuk Windows.Hasil: Didapatkan rerata pasien OMSK dengan komplikasi intrakranial sebesar 9,170±2,517 dan ekstrakranial sebesar 7,570±1,854. Pada uji Independent T-Test didapatkan nilai p sebesar 0,031 (p<0,05) yang menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan rerata MERI pada pasien OMSK dengan komplikasi intrakranial dan ekstrakranial secara bermakna.Kesimpulan: Terdapat perbedaan skor MERI yang bermakna antara OMSK dengan komplikasi intrakranial dan ekstrakranial.

Ekspresi reseptor vitamin D plasenta yang rendah sebagai faktor risiko terjadinya preeklampsia dengan gambaran berat I Gede Mahendra Adiguna Dira; Ketut Suwiyoga; I Wayan Artana Putra; I Gede Mega Putra; Ida Bagus Gede Fajar Manuaba; I Gde Sastra Winata; I Wayan Megadhana
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 13 No. 1 (2022): (Available Online : 1 April 2022)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15562/ism.v13i1.1208

Introduction: Preeclampsia is the cause of 10-15% of maternal deaths in Indonesia and occurs in about 2-10% of all pregnancies worldwide. The pathogenesis that underlies the occurrence of preeclampsia is not yet clearly known so that preeclampsia is referred to as a disease of theory. Nutritional factors such as vitamin D also play a role in the development of preeclampsia. This study aims to determine the relationship between vitamin D receptor expression as a risk factor for preeclampsia with severe features.Method: This study used a case-control design conducted in the maternity ward of Sanglah General Hospital, Denpasar from February to August 2020. A sample of 44 subjects was obtained and divided into case groups and control groups. Examination of vitamin D receptors using a central area placenta measuring 2x2 cm which was then examined semi-quantitatively at the Histology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University.Result: The results were analyzed using the chi square test. There was no significant difference in the characteristics of the two groups. There was a significant relationship between low VDR expression in the placenta and the incidence of preeclampsia with severe features (p-value 0.002; 95% CI 1.96-31.57; OR 7.88).Conclusion: Low VDR placenta expression in pregnant women increases the risk of preeclampsia with a severe picture of 7.88 times greater than high VDR expression. Pendahuluan: Preeklampsia menjadi penyebab 10-15% kematian maternal di Indonesia, dan terjadi pada sekitar 2-10% dari seluruh kehamilan di seluruh dunia. Patogenesis yang mendasari terjadinya preeklampsia sampai saat ini belum jelas diketahui sehingga preeklampsia disebut sebagai disease of theory. Faktor nutrisi seperti vitamin D juga memainkan peran dalam terjadinya preeklampsia. Penelitian ini bertujuan mencari hubungan ekspresi reseptor vitamin D sebagai faktor risiko terjadinya preeklamsia dengan gambaran berat.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain kasus-kontrol yang dilakukan di Ruang Bersalin RSUP Sanglah Denpasar pada Februari sampai Agustus 2020. Didapatkan sampel sebanyak 44 subyek dan dibagi kedalam kelompok kasus dan kelompok kontrol. Pemeriksaan reseptor vitamin D menggunakan plasenta area sentral ukuran 2x2 cm yang kemudian diperiksa secara semikuantitatif di Laboratorium Histologi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana. Hasil dianalisa menggunakan uji chi square.Hasil: Tidak terdapat perbedaan karakteristik yang bermakna pada kedua kelompok. Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara ekspresi VDR pada plasenta yang rendah terhadap kejadian preeklamsia dengan gambaran berat (p-value 0.002; IK 95% 1.96-31.57; OR 7.88).SimpulanEkspresi VDR plasenta yang rendah pada ibu hamil meningkatkan risiko terjadinya preeklamsia dengan gambaran berat sebesar 7,88 kali lebih besar dibandingkan ekspresi VDR tinggi.

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