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Contact Name
Moch Wahib Dariyadi
Contact Email
alarabi@um.ac.id
Phone
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Journal Mail Official
alarabi@um.ac.id
Editorial Address
Jalan Semarang 5, Malang 65145
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Kota malang,
Jawa timur
INDONESIA
Al-Arabi : Jurnal Bahasa Arab dan Pengajarannya = Al-Arabi: Journal of Teaching Arabic as a Foreign Language
ISSN : 16933257     EISSN : 25411500     DOI : -
Core Subject : Education,
Published twice a year (June and December), is a bilingual (Arabic, and English), peer-reviewed journal, and specializes in Arabic Education. This journal is published by the Arabic Education Department, State University of Malang. Editors welcome scholars, researchers and practitioners of Arabic Education around the world to submit scholarly articles to be published through this journal. All articles will be reviewed by experts before accepted for publication. Each author is solely responsible for the content of published articles. SK no. 0005.25411500/JI.3.1/SK.ISSN/2016. e-ISSN : 2541-1500 P-ISSN : 1693-3257 Editor and Administration Address: Al-Arabi Publication Division, c.o. Arabic Department, Faculty of Letters, Universitas Negeri Malang (UM), Jalan Semarang 5, Malang 65145. Telephone: (0341) 551312 Ext. 239. Fax (0341) 567475. E-mail: <alarabi@um.ac.id>
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 80 Documents
TASMIMU MAWÂDI AL QAWÂID AL-NAHWIYYATI AL-TATBIQIYATI BI ISTIFÂDARI MIN AL-KITÂBI MABÂDII AL-FIQHIYYATI LIMADRASATI SABILI AL-RASYÂDI AL-DINIYYATI MALANG Faizudin, Silva Ahmad
Al-Arabi : Jurnal Bahasa Arab dan Pengajarannya Vol 3, No 1 (2019): Al-Arabi : Journal of Teaching Arabic as a Foreign Language
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (35.123 KB) | DOI: 10.17977/um056v3i1p53-69

Abstract

In this research, the researcher designed the nahwu rules material and its delivery method to improve the grammatical abilities of students in the first two-level madrasah diniyah Sabilurrosyad, Gasek, Malang. And the design of this book uses one of the books used in the Islamic boarding school, namely kitab al-mabadi ?al-fiqhiyyah part three, because the language used is easy. This study uses the RnD (Research and Development) method with a model from Dick and Carey. The results showed that: 1) A study book which produced ?al-qawaid at-tathbiqiyyah bit thariqah al-muaddalah? (applicable rule with the modified method) has the following elements: (1) introduction, (2) book usage instructions, (3) KI and KD, (4) discussion of learning. 2) Results of table t shows that the use of books developed by researchers is effective. ????????: ???? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???? ???????? ??? ????? ????????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ????????? ????. ?????? ????? ???? ????? ???????? (Research and Development) ??? ????? ???  ?????? (Dick and Carey). ???? ????? ??? ????? ??? ??: 1) ?????? ?????? "??????? ????????? ???????? ???????" ????? ??: (?) ???????? ?(?) ???? ??????? ??????? ?(?) ????? ??????? ? ??????? ????????? ?(?) ??????? ?????????. 2) ??? ????? ?t? ???????? ?? ??????? ???? ??????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ?? ????? ???????.??????? ????????: ??????? ???????; ???????  ???????; ??????? ???????
مشكلات تعلّم مهارة الكلام والحلول عليها لدى طلبة الفصل الدراسي الثالث بقسم الأدب العربي جامعة مالانج الحكومية: دراسة تحليلية وصفية. رزانيا فطري فيردايانتي; Muhaiban Muhaiban; Laily Maziyah
Al-Arabi: Journal of Teaching Arabic as a Foreign Language Vol 2, No 1 (2018): Al-Arabi : Journal of Teaching Arabic as a Foreign Language
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1037.342 KB) | DOI: 10.17977/um056v2i1p32-46

Abstract

 الملخص: و يهدف هذا البحث إلى وصف مشكلات طلبة الفصل الدراسي الثالث في تعلّم مهارة الكلام بالنظر إلى: (1) العوامل الداخلية والحلول عليها. (2) العوامل الخارجية والحلول عليها. (3) العوامل اللغوية والحلول عليها. و المنهج لهذا البحث المنهج الوصفي الكيفي. نتائج البحث هي أن الطلبة في الفصل الدراسي الثالث لديهم المشكلات في تعلّم مهارة الكلام وكذلك الحلول عليها وهي: بالنظر إلى العوامل الداخلية توجد ثلاث مشكلات والحلول عليها وهي في عوامل الذكاء وعوامل التدريب وعوامل التشجيع، و هناك ثلاث مشكلات  والحلول عليها في العوامل الخارجية وهي في عوامل الأسرة أو شؤونها والعوامل الاجتماعية والثقافية و عوامل البيئة الاجتماعية، و توجد مشكلاتان والحلول عليهما في العوامل اللغوية وهي في المفردات والتراكب.الكلمات المفتاح: تحليل، مشكلات التعلّم، مهارة الكلام، الحلول. Abstract:  This study aimed to describe the problems of the third semester students in learning Maharah kalam when viewed from: (1) internal factors and solutions (2) external factors and solutions (3) linguistic factors and solutions. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative method. The result of this research is that there are problems and solutions to the students of the third semester in studying maharah kalam are: when seen from the internal factors, there are three problems and solutions, that is on intellectual factor, rehearseal factor, and motivational factor. when seen from extrinsic factors, there are three problems and solutions, that is on family factor and its condition, social culture factor and social environment factor. Next, when viewed from linguistic factors, there are two problems and solutions, that is on mufrodat and the sentence structure.Keywords: Analysis, learning problems, maharah kalam, solution.
NIDZAMU TA'LIMI AL-KALAMI FI DHAU`I AL-MADKHALI AL-ITTISHALY WA AL-LA'BI AD-DAURY Arif Widodo
Al-Arabi: Journal of Teaching Arabic as a Foreign Language Vol 4, No 1 (2020): Al-Arabi: Journal of Teaching Arabic as a Foreign Language
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (452.119 KB) | DOI: 10.17977/um056v4i1p91-115

Abstract

The researcher believes that a student at the Department of Arabic Language at Sunan University has degrees facing problems when he learns the skill of speech, including weak tendencies that lead to negative student activity and the presence of tedious educational materials in teaching speaking. This research aims to demonstrate the importance of communication materials in speech. Generally, the objectives of this research are to know the importance of activities by Role Playing of Arabic. In addition, specifically, it is to know 1) system of learning skills to speak, 2) Student motivation in process. This research was using descriptive qualitive as research method. The data collection methods was using participation observation, deep interviews, and also documentation. The  results of the research show that  1) The proposed education system contains good goals, comfortable methods and attractive evaluation of educational tools based on the Internet., 2) The communication article indicates the effectiveness of the lesson for the subject of speech and the promotion of students' tendencies to participate in the process of teaching and learning in a likable and interesting way, by creating persuasive educational materials until the result of their daily test reaches 85%, as well as the increase in student tendencies about 90% in participation. The novelty of this research is proving that the student’s performance improvement in his speaking in the Arabic language is mainly related to his continuous practice outside of the classroom and playing. This research has contributed to the problem solving of the lack of learning activeness that arises from oneself. يرى الباحث أنّ طالبا بقسم تعليم اللغة العربية بجامعة سونان درجات يواجه مشكلات حين تعلّمه مهارة الكلام، منها ضعف الميول الذي يؤدي إلى سلبية نشاط الطّالب وكذلك وجود المواد التعليمية  المملة في تعليم التحدث. يهدف هذا البحث إلى بيان أهميّة المواد التواصلية في الكلام، و يهدف بتفصيل أكثر إلى معرفة 1)نظام تعليم الكلام، و2)حالة دافعيّة الطّلبة. المنهج الذي يستخدمه الباحث في هذا البحث هو المنهج الوصفيّ وطريقة جمع البيانات بالملاحظة بالمشاركة، المقابلة المتعمقة والوثيقة. لقد أظهرت نتائج البحث أنّ 1) نظام التعليم المقترح يحتوى على الأهداف الجيدة، الطرائق المريحة والتقويم الجذابةمن الأدوات التّعليميّة المعتمدة على الإنترنيت، 2)تشير المادة الاتصالية إلى فعاليّة الدّرس لمادة الكلام وترقية ميول الطّلبة في الاشتراك في عمليّة التّعليم والتّعلّم بأسلوب محبّب وشيّق وذلك عن طريق تهيئة المواد التعليمية المقنعة حتى تصل نتيجة اختبارهم اليومي إلى 85 % وكذلك ارتفاع ميول الطّلبة حوالى 90% في الاشتراك. وأمّا الإضافة الجادّة للبحث فهي إثبات أنّ تحسّن أداء الطّالب في حديثه باللّغة العربيّة مرتبطٌ أساسًا بممارسته لذلك بشكلٍ مستمرٍّ خارج الفصل، ولعب مع المواد الاتصالية مقترحان في إطار خياليّ وتنشيط عمليّة التّعلّم التي تؤدّي إلى تنمية قدرات الطّلاب على تعلّم مهارة الكلام.
المعركة النقدية بين محمد عابد الجابري وجورج طرابيشي حول إشكاليات اللغة والعقل العربي محمد ماجد الدَّخيل; حسين علي محافظة
Al-Arabi: Journal of Teaching Arabic as a Foreign Language Vol 1, No 1 (2017): Al-Arabi : Journal of Teaching Arabic as a Foreign Language
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1776.103 KB) | DOI: 10.17977/um056v1i1p97-114

Abstract

The present study aims at answering the question as to how a language sets up limits for the thought, and vice versa, by examining the response that George Tarabichi gives to Mohammed Abed al-Jabri in terms of the dialectical relationship of Arabic language and thought by which it is expressed. In his works, Tarabichi proposes a strategy for his project in criticising the Arabic mind and its achievements, and for his increasing interest in criticising the dialectical relationship between the Language and thought and their properities. On the other hand, Tarabichi has addressed “the Jabri critical project” and refuted some of Jabri’s theses. This study examines a number of aspects within the debate of the two scholars, especially in terms of their methods in approaching language, dynamics of mind, situations of humanity, dialectic of Arab-non-Arab relations and their civlizational roles, their respective contribution to the Arabo-Islamic civilization, and of whether Arabic is merely an expansion of Bedouin culture or it is an expansion of the non-Arab cultures, especially Greek, Persian, and Indian. Keyword: Arabic Language and thought, civilization, Tarabichi, Jabri.
DAURU AL INTERNIT FI TAHSINI MAHARATI AL TADRISI MIN WIJHADI NADZARI ASATDZATI WA AL TULLABI AL DIRASATI AL ULYA BI JAMIATI MALANG AL HUKUMIYYAH Gaafar Mosbah Mohamad
Al-Arabi: Journal of Teaching Arabic as a Foreign Language Vol 3, No 2 (2019): Al-Arabi : Journal of Teaching Arabic as a Foreign Language
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1353.223 KB) | DOI: 10.17977/um056v3i2p99-120

Abstract

Abstract: The present study aimed to identify the role of the Internet in improving the teaching skills from the perspective of professors and graduate students at Malang State University. Therefore, two questionnaires were set, the first for the professors in the Department of Arabic Language at the Malang State University and the second for the students of the higher studies in the same department.  These questionnaires were applied to a sample of 25 and a sample of 10 graduate students respectively.The research reached, through the preparatory study, to the following results :To begin with, creating groups, or online mailing groups, is mainly to strengthen the communication among supervisors, professors and students, as well as, the use of the Internet to remotely train teachers. Then, according to the findings, the main obstacles to the use of the Internet are the uncertainty of professors of its importance and uses, and the weak cooperation between teachers and administrative teachers. In addition to that, the most important ways to using the internet are providing schools and universities with the necessary equipment and programs to access to the Internet, and giving professors and teachers authority regarding educational matters. Furthermore, graduate students were rarely using the Internet to access educational sites. Moreover, the lack of programs that serve the educational teaching process is the biggest obstacle to the use of the Internet, which indicates the lack of an important element, namely, programs in Arabic. This is a common result between teachers and students. Last but not least, teachers and professors should be given some educational authority, while highlighting the importance of the Internet and its uses to some of them.المستخلص: تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى التعرف على دور الإنترنت في تحسين مهارات التدريس من وجهة نظر أساتذة وطلاب الدراسات العليا بجامعة مالانج الحكومية. فلذلك، تم وضع استبيانين، الأول للأساتذة في قسم اللغة العربية بجامعة مالانج الحكومية والثاني لطلاب الدراسات العليا في نفس القسم. وفقًا للنتائج، فإن العوائق الرئيسية أمام استخدام الإنترنت هي عدم اليقين من جانب الأساتذة حول أهميتها واستخداماتها، وضعف التعاون بين المعلمين والإداريين. بالإضافة إلى ذلك، تتمثل أهم طرق استخدام الإنترنت في تزويد المدارس والجامعات بالمعدات والبرامج اللازمة للوصول إلى الإنترنت ومنح الأساتذة والمدرسين السلطة فيما يتعلق بالمسائل التعليمية. وعلاوة على ذلك، نادراً ما يستخدم طلاب الدراسات العليا الإنترنت للوصول إلى المواقع التعليمية. علاوة على ذلك، فإن نقص البرامج التي تخدم عملية التدريس التعليمية هو أكبر عقبة أمام استخدام الإنترنت، مما يدل على عدم وجود عنصر مهم، وهو البرامج باللغة العربية. يجب إعطاء المعلمين والأساتذة بعض السلطة التعليمية، مع تسليط الضوء على أهمية الإنترنت واستخداماتها لبعضهم. كلمات مفتاحية: الإنترنت؛ مهارات التدريس؛ تدريس اللغة العربية؛ تدريس اللغة الثانية.
تعليم مهارة الكتابة مركز ترقية اللغة ( أهدافها ومشكلاتها واقتراحات لحلها فىجامعة الإسلامية الحكومية بجمبر) عبد الرشيد
Al-Arabi: Journal of Teaching Arabic as a Foreign Language Vol 2, No 2 (2018): Al-Arabi : Journal of Teaching Arabic as a Foreign Language
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (267.14 KB) | DOI: 10.17977/um056v2i2p134-149

Abstract

الملخصإن اللغة أمر ضروري فى حياة الإنسان لا سيما اللغة العربية . وإحدى الوسيلة من وسائل فى تعليم اللغة العربية هي الكتابة وهي أيضا من بعض مهارات لغوية التى لا بد للطلبة أن يتعلّمها . وهذا -أيضا- الذى يكون مسؤولية فى مركز اللغة جامعة الإسلامسة الحكومية جمبر فى ترقية كفاءة الطلبة فى اللغة العربية خاصة فى مهارة الكتابة . ومن نظر إلى أسباب ضعف كفاءة الطلبة فى الكتابة وجدت المشكلات عند الباحث . والمشكلات التى تواجه الباحث هى من ناحية الطلبة والكتاب المقرر والوقت أو الفرصة. ويحاول الباحث أن يعالج تلك المشكلات بطريقة المقابلة مع المعلي اللغة العربية والملاحظة دقيقة عميقة.الكلمات الرئيسية : مهارة الكتابة ، المشكلات ، التعليم
TEXTUAL EQUIVALENCE IN THE ARABIC JAVANESE TRANSLATION: CASE STUDY IN AL-HIKAM SUFISM BOOK OF APHORISM Muhammad Yunus Anis
Al-Arabi: Journal of Teaching Arabic as a Foreign Language Vol 1, No 2 (2017): Al-Arabi : Journal of Teaching Arabic as a Foreign Language
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (108.065 KB) | DOI: 10.17977/um056v1i2p113-125

Abstract

Ibn Athaillah As-Sakandariy is a writter of Al-Hikam. He was Egyptian mystical author and hagiographer. He was a follower of Shafi’i and/or Maliki religious scholar, and also prominent member of the Shadililiya thariqah. The most influential of the 20 d works credited to him is the Book of Aphoristic Wisdom (Kitāb Al-Hikam). This book of aphorism had been translated into Javanese language by MishbāchZainil-Mushthafa Al-BangilaniyAth-Thubaniy. In this Javanese translation book, there are two side of translation, literal and free translation. This article will investigate the textual equivalence between Arabic (L1) and Javanese (L2) in the aphorism book of Al-Hikam. This research had been used the qualitative method. The data will be analyzed by the descriptive method (describing the structure of language). The methods in this research was divided into three basic parts: (1) collecting the data, (2) analysis the data, and (3) reporting the data. Collecting the data had been used the observation method to gain the informations about Theme and Rheme in Arabic-Javanese translation. First problem is about the thematic structure between Arabic and Javanese translation (theme and rheme), or Information structure between L1 and L2 (given and new). The second problem, this article will elaborate the strategies for minimizing linear dislocation in the Aphorsim book of Al-Hikam. There are four strategies for resolving the tension between syntactic and communicative functions in Arabic-Javanese translation, such as: (1) voice change, (2) change of verb, (3) nominalization, and (4) extraposition. Keywords: Textual Equivalence, Arabic-Javanese Translation, Aphorsim, Al-Hikam.
DEVELOPING NAHWU LEARNING MODEL BASED ON “TRANSLATE SELF-REVIEW” (TSR) Irhamni Irhamni; Moh. Khasairi; Mohammad Ahsanuddin
Al-Arabi: Journal of Teaching Arabic as a Foreign Language Vol 4, No 1 (2020): Al-Arabi: Journal of Teaching Arabic as a Foreign Language
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (284.693 KB) | DOI: 10.17977/um056v4i1p1-18

Abstract

This article aims to describe the understanding of TSR and its meaning in the context of community language learning and experimental learning. For this reason, literature review and FGD are used as research methods. The TSR model learning method is learning based on translating the mother language into the target language. The TSR learning model has meaning that is relevant to the principles of Charles A. Curran's community language learning model and experiental learning from David Kolb. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan pemahaman Translate Self-Review (TSR) dan maknanya dalam konteks pembelajaran bahasa komunitas dan pembelajaran eksperimental. Untuk alasan ini, tinjauan literatur dan FGD digunakan sebagai metode penelitian. Metode pembelajaran model TSR adalah pembelajaran yang didasarkan pada penerjemahan bahasa ibu ke bahasa target. Model pembelajaran TSR memiliki makna yang relevan dengan prinsip-prinsip model pembelajaran bahasa komunitas Charles A. Curran dan pembelajaran pengalaman (eksperimental) dari David Kolb.
تطوير نموذج تعليم النحو على أساس المدخل الاتصالي لمهارة الكلام بالتطبيق على طلبة قسم تعليم اللغة العربية بجامعة سونان درجات لامونجان عارف ويدودو
Al-Arabi: Journal of Teaching Arabic as a Foreign Language Vol 1, No 1 (2017): Al-Arabi : Journal of Teaching Arabic as a Foreign Language
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17977/um056v1i1p37-57

Abstract

Nahwu (Arabic Syntax) is one of language elements that has to be mastered in teaching standard Arabic and communicative approach can be applied, for it concerns with delivering both language elements and skills gradually based on certain language levels. When some problems in teaching Nahwu were observed at the Arabic Education Department  of Sunan Drajat Institute Lamongan, the reasercher  thought that a study should be conducted entitled “Developing Nahwu Teaching Model Based on Communicative Approach to Increase Speaking Skill”. The aims of this developmental research are: (1) to produce its teaching model, (2) to measure the impact of the implementation of students’ speaking abilty, and (3) to measure the impact of the motivation. The research using development research following Borg and Gall model. the result as following: First, the teaching nahwu model has steps, those are preparation, observation, presentation and simulation, association and generalitation and practice and the impact of nahwu teaching model is significant and can increase students’ motivation. Key words: Nahwu Teaching, Communicative Approach, Speaking Skill
Al-QASHRU FÎ KHAMSATI AJZÂI MIN AL-QUR’ÂN AL-KARÎMI Ahmad Zainuri
Al-Arabi: Journal of Teaching Arabic as a Foreign Language Vol 3, No 1 (2019): Al-Arabi : Journal of Teaching Arabic as a Foreign Language
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17977/um056v3i1p19-33

Abstract

مستخلص البحث:أهداف هذا البحث هي وصف أهداف القصر ووصف طرقه وأنواعه مع تحليله الموجودة في خمسة أجزاء من القرآن الكريم. ومدخل هذا البحث البحث الوصفي الكيفي. وبيانات هذا البحث ومصادرها هي الآيات القرآنية في خمسة أجزاء التي تشتمل على القصر. وطريقة جمع البيانات في هذا البحث هي التوثيق. وأدواته الباحث نفسه. وأما نتائج هذا البحث هي أهداف القصر في خمسة أجزاء من القرآن الكريم هدفان وهما تمكين الكلام وتقريره في الذهن والتعريض. وأما طرق القصر المستخدمة فيها أربع وهي القصر بالنفي والاستثناء والقصر بأداة إنما والقصر بالعطف والقصر بتقديم ما حقه التأخير. وأنواع القصر الموجودة فيها ثلاثة أنواع، وهي القصر من حيث طرفيه وباعتبار الواقع ومن حيث المخاطبين.الكلمات الرئيسة: القصر; خمسة أجزاء; القرآنAbstrakTujuan penelitian ini adalah medeskripsikan ahdafu al-qashri, mendeskripsian cara bentuk qashr, jenis qashr beserta analisisnya yang ditemukan didalam 5 juz alquran. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan didalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskripstif kualitatif. Adapun data dan sumber data yang digunakan adalah ayat-ayat alquran didalam 5 juz yang mengandung qashr. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah dokumentasi. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah peneliti (human instrument). Adapun hasil penelitian ini adalah tujuan-tujuan qashr didalam 5 juz alquran ada dua, yaitu tamkin alkalam wa taqririhi fi adzdzihni dan atta’ridl. Adapun bentuk-bentuk qashr yang digunakan didalam 5 juz alquran ada 4, yaitu qashr dengan annafu wa alistitsna, qashr dengan innama, qashr dengan athaf, dan qashr dengan taqdimu ma haqqahu atta’khir. Sedangkan jenis-jenis qashr didalam 5 juz alquran ada 3, yaitu alqashru min haitsu tharfaihi, alqashru bi’tibari alwaqi’, dan alqashru min haitsu almukhathabin.Kata Kunci: Qashr, 5 Juz, QuranAbstractThe purposes of this research are describing ahdafu al-qashr, describing shapes of qashr, kinds of qashr in the analysis found in 5 sections of quran. The research approaching used in this research is qualitative descriptive research, the data and source of data used is letter of quran in five sections concist qashr. The method of data collecting used instrument documentation used is researcher (human instrument). And the result of this research is in five sections of quran there are: The purpose of qashr is in 5 sections of quran consist with purpose kinds tamkin alkalam wa taqririhi fi adzdzihni and atta’ridl. (2) Shapes of qashr are used in 5 sections of quran consists of 4 shapes, there are: qashr with annafu wa alistitsna, qashr with innama, qashr with athaf, and qashr with taqdimu ma haqqahu atta’khir.. (3) Kinds of qashr are in 5 sections of quran with the analysis consists of  3 kinds, there are: alqashru min haitsu tharfaihi, alqashru bi’tibari alwaqi’, and alqashru min haitsu almukhathabin.Keywords : Qashr, Five Sections, Quran