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HAYATI Journal of Biosciences

hayati
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Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor

ISSN : 19783019 EISSN : 20864094 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences

HAYATI Journal of Biosciences (HAYATI J Biosci) publishes articles and short communication in tropical bioscience fields such as development, biotechnology, biodiversity and environmental issues. HAYATI J Biosci covers wide range of all life forms topics including virus, microbes, fungi, plants, animal and human. HAYATI J Biosci has been also indexed/registered in Crossref, DOAJ, CABI, EBSCO, Agricola and ProQuest.

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Articles 8 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol. 16 No. 1 (2009): March 2009" : 8 Documents clear

Functional Group of Spiders in Cultivated Landscape Dominated by Paddy Fields in West Java, Indonesia I WAYAN SUANA; DEDY DURYADI SOLIHIN; DAMAYANTI BUCHORI; SJAFRIDA MANUWOTO; HERMANU TRIWIDODO; CHRISTIAN HANSJOACHIM SCHULZE
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 16 No. 1 (2009): March 2009
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Distribution of spiders in all colonized environments is limited by biotic and abiotic factors requiring adaptations with respect to, for example microhabitat choice and hunting behavior. These two factors were frequently used to group spiders into functional groups. In this study our objectives were to (i) group of genera of spiders into functional group based on their microhabitat specificity, hunting behavior, and daily activity; and (ii) compare the number and composition of functional group of spider at each habitat type and period of paddy growth. The study was conducted at a landscape dominated by paddy fields in Cianjur Watershed for a period of 9 months. Four different habitat types (paddy, vegetable, non-crop, and mixed garden), were sampled using five trapping techniques (pitfall traps, farmcop suction, sweep netting, yellow-pan traps, and sticky traps). The Unweighted Pair-Group Average and the Euclidean Distances were used to generate dendrogram of functional group of spider. We found 14 functional groups of spider at genus level. The number of functional group of spider at four habitat types was differing, but the composition was similar, because all habitats were closed to each other. Habitat structure diversity and disturbance level influenced the number of functional group of spider. Different architecture of vegetation and availability of differ prey during paddy growth, causing the composition of functional group of spider in each period of paddy growth was changed, although its number was unchanged. Key words: spiders, functional group, agricultural landscape, Cianjur Watershed

Physiological Responses and Fruit Retention of Carambola Fruit (Averrhoa carambola L.) Induced by 2,4-D and GA3 BEKTI KURNIAWATI; HAMIM HAMIM
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 16 No. 1 (2009): March 2009
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

One of the problems in cultivation of carambola fruit is the high of flower and fruit drop during fruit development. To understand these problems and to improve fruit retention, the content of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and total sugar in carambola fruit and leaves were analysed in response to application of gibberellic acid (GA3) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). The experiments used 1,5 year old of carambola plants (Averrhoa carambola L. var Dewi) grown in polybag of 40 x 50 cm. GA3 with the concentration of 0, 20, 40, and 60 ppm and 2,4-D of 0, 5, 10, and 15 ppm were applied to the flower and the supporting leaves of carambola plant. The parameters analysed were number of flower drop, fruit formation, fruit retention, number of harvestable fruit per cluster, fruit weight per cluster, the content of sugar in the leaves and IAA in the fruit. The result showed that IAA content of the fruit increased in response to single as well as combination of GA3 and 2,4-D application. Sugar content of the leaves also increased in response to GA3 and 2,4-D application; however, the pattern was different with that of IAA. The best treatment to improve fruit retention was a single application of 10 ppm 2,4-D or 60 ppm GA3, and combined application of 5 ppm 2,4-D and 60 ppm GA3. Key words: fruit drop, fruit retention, carambola fruit, auxin, gibberellin

Proline and Abscisic Acid Content in Droughted Corn Plant Inoculated with Azospirillum sp. and Arbuscular Mycorrhizae Fungi NOVRI YOULA KANDOWANGKO; GIAT SURYATMANA; NENNY NURLAENY; ROBERT DJONGGI MARULI SIMANUNGKALIT
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 16 No. 1 (2009): March 2009
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Plants that undergo drought stress perform a physiological response such as accumulation of proline in the leaves and increased content abscisic acid. A research was conducted to study proline and abscisic acid (ABA) content on drought-stressed corn plant with Azospirillum sp. and arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi (AMF) inoculated at inceptisol soil from Bogor, West Java. The experiments were carried out in a green house from June up to September 2003, using a factorial randomized block design. In pot experiments, two factors were assigned, i.e. inoculation with Azospirillum (0, 0.50, 1.00, 1.50 ml/pot) and inoculation with AMF Glomus manihotis (0, 12.50, 25.00, 37.50 g/pot). The plants were observed during tasseling up to seed filling periods. Results of experiments showed that the interaction between Azospirillum sp. and AMF was synergistically increased proline, however it decreased ABA. Key words: Azospirillum sp., Arbuscular Mycorrhizae fungi, Corn, drought, proline, abscisic acid (ABA)

Chloroplast DNA Copy Number May Link to Sex Determination in Leucadendron (Proteaceae) MADE PHARMAWATI; GUIJUN YAN; PATRICK FINNEGAN
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 16 No. 1 (2009): March 2009
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Leucadendron (Proteaceae) is a South African genus, the flowers of which have become a popular item in the Australian cut-flower industry. All species are dioecious. In general the female flowers are the more desirable as cut flowers. The availability of a molecular marker linked to sex determination is therefore needed both to maximize the efficiency of breeding programs and to supply markets with flowers from the preferred sex. The polymerase chain reaction-based method of suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) combined with mirror orientation selection (MOS) were applied in an attempt to identify genome differences between male and female plants of Leucadendron discolor. Screening of 416 clones from a male-subtracted genomic DNA library and 282 clones from a female-subtracted library identified 13 candidates for male-specific genomic fragments. Sequence analyses of the 13 candidate DNA fragments showed that they were fragments of the chloroplast DNA, raising the possibility that chloroplast DNA copy number is linked to sex determination in Leucadendron. Key words: Leucadendron, sex determination, suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH)

Inhibitory Effect of Iodoacetate on Developmental Competence of Porcine Early Stage Embryos In Vitro NI WAYAN KURNIANI KARJA; MOKHAMAD FAHRUDIN; KAZUHIRO KIKUCHI
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 16 No. 1 (2009): March 2009
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

In porcine preimplantation embryos, glucose-utilizing pathways are reported active throughout their development. The aim of this study was to test the involvement of glycolysis activity in early stage of porcine embryo development by the addition of iodoacetate, a glycolytic inhibitor, to culture medium. In vitro matured and fertilized oocytes were cultured for the first 2 days in iodoacetate at concentrations of 0, 1, or 2.5 µM. The proportion of viable embryos on day 4 decreased when Ia was added at concentration of 2.5 µM (P < 0.05). The development of cleaved embryos to the blastocyst stage on day 6 was significantly reduced by 1 µM iodoacetate and none of cleaved embryos in Ia-2.5 group develop to the blasyocyst stage (P < 0.05). More than 60% of embryos in Ia-2.5 group were arrested at the two-four-cell stage, and then arrested at the morula stage. These results indicate that glucose plays important roles in supporting the development of early stage of porcine embryos and that the inhibition of glucose metabolism may disrupt the management of energy production, leaving the embryos incompetence to develop. Key words: iodoacetate, glucose, early stage embryos, in vitro culture

Characterization Antimicrobes of Pliek U, A Traditional Spice of Aceh NURLIANA NURLIANA; LISDAR IDWAN SUDIRMAN
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 16 No. 1 (2009): March 2009
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Pliek u obtained by traditionally fermentation of coconut meat is a potential source of antimicrobial compounds. This research was aimed to detect of their active compounds by bioautographic method and to analyze their chemical composition by GC-MS. For this purposes, pliek u was extracted with ethanol 96% to get crude ethanol extract of pliek u (EEP) and to get ethanol extract of residual pliek u (EERP) which was previously extracted by hexane. Crude EEP was separated into four bioautographic spots with different Rfs (0.93, 0.71, 0.19, and 0.10) which were all shown to be active against Staphyloccoccus aureus. Similar result was shown by EERP, but only resulted three bioautographic spots (Rfs 0.77, 0.63, and 0.4). Crude EEP consisted of 22 components representing 99.98% with fatty acids, ester, alcohol as major constituents and aliphatic hydrocarbon. EERP consisted of 9 components representing 99.80% with alcohol as major constituents and fatty acids, ester, 4-Dibenzofuramine and amine as minor constituents. The present of many active compounds in pliek u supports the use of pliek u as spice to improve the quality of food and encourages further studies to determine those active compounds. Key words: antimicrobe detection, chemical composition, pliek u

Isolation of MA-ACS Gene Family and Expression Study of MA-ACS1 Gene in Musa acuminata Cultivar Pisang Ambon Lumut LISTYA UTAMI KARMAWAN; SONY SUHANDONO; FENNY MARTHA DWIVANY
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 16 No. 1 (2009): March 2009
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Musa acuminata cultivar pisang ambon lumut is a native climacteric fruit from Indonesia. Climacteric fruit ripening process is triggered by the gaseous plant hormone ethylene. The rate limiting enzyme involved in ethylene biosynthesis is ACC synthase (ACS) which is encoded by ACS gene family. The objective of this study is to identify MA-ACS gene family in M. acuminata cultivar pisang ambon lumut and to study the MA-ACS1 gene expression. The result showed that there were nine M. acuminata ACS gene family members called MA-ACS1–9. Two of them (MA-ACS1 and MA-ACS2) were assessed using reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) for gene expression study and it was only MA-ACS1 correlated with fruit ripening. The MA-ACS1 gene fragment has been successfully isolated and characterized and it has three introns, four exons, and one stop codon. It also shows highest homology with MACS1 gene from M. acuminata cultivar Hsian Jien Chiao (GenBank accession number AF056164). Expression analysis of MA-ACS1 using quantitative PCR (qPCR) showed that MA-ACS1 gene expression increased significantly in the third day, reached maximum at the fifth day, and then decreased in the seventh day after harvesting. The qPCR expression analysis result correlated with the result of physical analysis during fruit ripening. Key words: pisang ambon lumut, MA-ACS gene family, gene characterization, gene expression, quantitative PCR (qPCR)

The Use of HIS6 Gene as a Selectable Marker for Yeast Vector I MADE ARTIKA
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 16 No. 1 (2009): March 2009
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae HIS6 gene has been shown to be functional as a selectable marker for selecting and maintaining a yeast vector in yeast S. cerevisiae host cells. The yeast HIS6 gene encodes an enzyme involved in the yeast histidine biosynthesis. The yeast HIS6 gene was cloned into a yeast expression vector. The resultant recombinant plasmid was introduced into yeast host cells defective in endogenous HIS6 gene. The functionality of the HIS6 gene as a selectable marker was tested by growing transformed cells on selective minimum medium lacking histidine supplementation. Key words: HIS6 gene, selectable marker, vector, transformation, yeast

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