Applied Research and Smart Technology (ARSTech)
Aims International Journal of Applied Research and Smart Technology (ARSTech) is a peer-reviewed, biannual journal that promotes the development and application of smart technologies in various sectors, such as mechanical & materials engineering, automotive & manufacturing process, energy conversion & renewable energy, robotics, mechatronic & artificial intelligent, chemical & biomedical engineering, marine & aerospace technologies, transportations, infrastructures and environment. Smart technologies offer practical and sustainable solutions in the modern life of humankind by employing the latest technological advancements. Scope The journal presents and disseminates new developments and the latest findings in all fields of engineering and technology, especially those that contribute to the implementation of smart technologies. The topics covered by the journal include but are not limited to: autonomous systems, mechatronics and robotics, control systems in automobiles and intelligent transport systems, smart structures, materials, and metallurgy nanotechnologies and advanced materials in engineering application, sustainable and green buildings, green technology and industry 4.0, IoT-based systems, sensor network, artificial intelligence and smart grids, biomedical engineering, bioenergy technologies, design and development of automotive technologies and manufacturing process, vehicle modelling and safety, modelling and simulation (CFD) in engineering application, vehicle design and aerodynamics, applied mechanics, structure and manufacturing technology, material processing and technology for vehicles and other mechanical use, coatings technologies in engineering application, engine technologies and development for vehicles and other engineering application, hybrid and electric vehicle technologies, vehicle braking and suspension systems, thermodynamics application in engineering application, combustion and reacting flows in automotive and other engineering application, applied heat and mass transfer, fluid and thermal engineering, heating and cooling systems (HVAC) in vehicles and engineering application, fuels and lubricants in automotive engineering, development of energy conversion and conservation, new-and-renewable energy, and alternative energy in engineering application, fuel cell and solar energy, the engine technology and emission control, automotive pollution and control, vehicle motion and control systems, noise and vibrations control, pneumatic and hydraulic systems, tribology in engineering application.
Articles
34 Documents
<![CDATA[The effectivity of used-oil as quenching medium of 42-CrMo4 steel for automotive materials ]]>
<![CDATA[Hariningsih, Hariningsih]]>;
<![CDATA[Sumpena, Sumpena]]>;
<![CDATA[Sukarjo, Heribertus]]>
<![CDATA[ Applied Research and Smart Technology (ARSTech) Vol. 1 No. 1 (2020): Applied Research and Smart Technology (ARSTech) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Mechanical Engineering Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta ]]>
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DOI: 10.23917/arstech.v1i1.11
<![CDATA[The research aims to investigate the effect of the cooling medium on the hardness characteristic and microstructure of the 42CrMo4 steel due to hardening treatment at a temperature of 830°C and holding time of 30 minutes. Various oil such as SAE-10W40, SAE-20W50, SAE-40, and used oil was used in the cooling medium. The changes in product size, hardness, and microstructure have been carefully assessed. The results indicated that the viscosity of the coolant medium strongly influenced the cooling rate of the cooling medium, hardness, and microstructure. SAE-10W40 oil and SAE-20W50 oil only needed 2 hours to return within room temperatures before quenching, whereas SAE-40 oil and used oil took 3 hours. The sample size did not change after hardening-quenching. However, there was a residual carbon layer on the sample surfaces. Quenching caused the changes of microstructure from pearlite and ferrite to ultrafine double phase, consisting of martensite and austenite, which were unable to transform during rapid cooling. The highest hardness value was achieved by the treated product, which was quenched in SAE-10W40, which had 54.59 HRC. The high hardness was attributed to the content of 95% martensite. However, used-oil caused in similar hardness as SAE-20W50.]]>
<![CDATA[Performance prediction of trailing-edge cooling system of gas turbine blade using detached eddy simulation ]]>
<![CDATA[Jamaldi, Agus]]>;
<![CDATA[Hassan, Hassan Khamis]]>
<![CDATA[ Applied Research and Smart Technology (ARSTech) Vol. 1 No. 1 (2020): Applied Research and Smart Technology (ARSTech) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Mechanical Engineering Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta ]]>
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DOI: 10.23917/arstech.v1i1.15
<![CDATA[This study aims to evaluate the performance of the trailing-edge (TE) cooling system in a gas turbine blade. Eddy Simulation (DES), based on the turbulence model of Spallart-Almaras (SA), was used to simulate the TE cooling system. A TE configuration with a five-row staggered pin-fin arrangement was employed as a computational domain. Three parameters, i.e., the coefficient of heat transfer on the pin-fins surface (hpin), the coefficient of discharge (CD), and the effectiveness of adiabatic film cooling were used to assess the performances. The findings denoted that the heat transfer fluctuations occurred on the surface of the pin-fins in each row. The discharge coefficient increased with the rising of the blowing ratio. The trend predicted data of effectiveness were in good agreement with realistic discrepancies compared to other researches, mainly for higher blowing ratio. The average effectiveness along the cut-off region was to be sensitive to the changes of the blowing ratio, which was attributed to the structures of turbulent flow along the mixing region.]]>
<![CDATA[The effect of internal pressure and thickness on the creep strain of the superheater pipes ]]>
<![CDATA[Riyadi, Tri Widodo Besar]]>;
<![CDATA[Fatuloh , Sopyan Sahid]]>
<![CDATA[ Applied Research and Smart Technology (ARSTech) Vol. 1 No. 1 (2020): Applied Research and Smart Technology (ARSTech) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Mechanical Engineering Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta ]]>
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DOI: 10.23917/arstech.v1i1.21
<![CDATA[Superheater pipes in turbines commonly are used to produce superheated steam. Internal pressure is critical for steam superheater elements. The pipes in such applications are vulnerable to temperature environments, which can bring the component to enter the creep regime, creep deformation, or even creep fracture. In general, most of the failures in boilers are caused by creep. Creep-resistant materials used in facilities operated at high temperatures must, therefore, be able to withstand the highest possible temperature loads. This study aims to investigate the creep behaviour of a 617 alloys steel steam pipe, which operated within 100,000 hours. The temperature of steam was set at 700?C, and the pressure in the pipe was 35 MPa. Abaqus software based on the finite element method was used in the study. The effect of internal pressure and pipe thickness on the creep strains was observed. The variation of the internal pressure was 35, 37.5, 40, 42.5, and 45 MPa. Whereas, the thickness variations were 30, 35, 40, 45, and 50 mm. The simulation results revealed that an increase in the internal pressure and the decrease of the pipe thickness increase the creep strain. This study can be used to predict the possibility of creep damaged for the superheater pipes operated at high temperatures, which have different thicknesses.]]>
<![CDATA[Low-cost pick and place anthropomorphic robotic arm for the disabled and humanoid applications ]]>
<![CDATA[Azlan, Norsinnira Zainul]]>;
<![CDATA[Sanni, Mubeenah Titilola]]>;
<![CDATA[Shahdad, Ifrah]]>
<![CDATA[ Applied Research and Smart Technology (ARSTech) Vol. 1 No. 2 (2020): Applied Research and Smart Technology (ARSTech) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Mechanical Engineering Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta ]]>
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DOI: 10.23917/arstech.v1i2.25
<![CDATA[This paper presents the design and development of a new low-cost pick and place anthropomorphic robotic arm for the disabled and humanoid applications. Anthropomorphic robotic arms are weapons similar in scale, appearance, and functionality to humans, and functionality. The developed robotic arm was simple, lightweight, and has four degrees of freedom (DOF) at the hand, shoulder, and elbow joints. The measurement of the link was made close to the length of the human arm. The anthropomorphic robotic arm was actuated by four DC servo motors and controlled using an Arduino UNO microcontroller board. The voice recognition unit drove the command input for the targeted object. The forward and inverse kinematics of the proposed new robotic arm has been analysed and used to program the low cost anthropomorphic robotic arm prototype to reach the desired position in the pick and place operation. This paper’s contribution is in developing the low cost, light, and straightforward weight anthropomorphic arm that can be easily attached to other applications such as a wheelchair and the kinematic study of the specific robot. The low-cost robotic arm’s capability has been tested, and the experimental results show that it can perform basic pick place tasks for the disabled and humanoid applications.]]>
<![CDATA[Wearable upper limb motion assist robot for eating activity ]]>
<![CDATA[Kashtwari, Uzair]]>;
<![CDATA[Azlan, Norsinnira Zainul]]>;
<![CDATA[Shahdad, Ifrah]]>
<![CDATA[ Applied Research and Smart Technology (ARSTech) Vol. 1 No. 1 (2020): Applied Research and Smart Technology (ARSTech) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Mechanical Engineering Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta ]]>
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DOI: 10.23917/arstech.v1i1.28
<![CDATA[Many people all around the world are suffering from various types of disabilities and need to depend on others to perform activities of daily living. One of the essential daily living activities is eating. The disabled people should be able to eat their food independently at any time and place, without relying on the caregivers. This paper presents the development of a new wearable upper limb motion assist robot for helping the disabled to eat by themselves. The motion assists robot consists of two degrees of freedom (DOF) movement, focusing on the two most crucial upper limb movements in eating activity, which is the elbow flexion/extension and forearm pronation/supination. A light-weight material was used for the fabrication of the wearable motion assist robot, and Arduino was utilized as the microcontroller. The originality of the study was in terms of the design, operational sequence setting, and kinematic analysis of the wearable upper limb motion assist robot that was explicitly focusing on eating activity. The resulted prototype was portable, compact, light in weight, simple and low cost. The experimental results have proven that the proposed wearable upper limb motion assist robot for eating activity was successful in helping the users to perform the main upper extremity motions in eating. The success rate of the proposed system was 80%, and it took 6 seconds for the system to complete one feeding cycle.]]>
<![CDATA[Single friction plate clutch design for cars with power of 77 kW and speed of 6000 rpm using finite element method ]]>
<![CDATA[Darmawan, Agung Setyo]]>;
<![CDATA[Syarif, Junaidi]]>;
<![CDATA[Purboputro, Pramuko Ilmu]]>;
<![CDATA[Yulianto, Agus]]>;
<![CDATA[Hamid, Abdul]]>;
<![CDATA[Noviyanto, Noviyanto]]>
<![CDATA[ Applied Research and Smart Technology (ARSTech) Vol. 1 No. 1 (2020): Applied Research and Smart Technology (ARSTech) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Mechanical Engineering Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta ]]>
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DOI: 10.23917/arstech.v1i1.33
<![CDATA[A single friction plate clutch is one part of the components in a vehicle that is used to transmit power and rotation from the driveshaft to the driven shaft without slippage. This study aims to compare the results of mathematical calculations with analysis based on finite element methods in the design of a single friction plate clutch such as shaft, spline, friction plate, and spring. The analysis was carried out on the shaft made of S30C, spline made of S30C, friction plates made of steel alloy, and springs made of carbon steel. The component was drawn by Solidworks-17 software and analysed by Abaqus 6.14-5 software based on finite element methods. The study was performed by comparing the sizes of the various elements. A comparison of simulation processes using the stress concept of von-misses was conducted. The results of mathematical calculations with the simulation process were compared, and the maximum deviation was 2.881%. The deviation was considered acceptable. Based on von-misses’ maximum stress, the material was safe to use due to below the yield strength.]]>
<![CDATA[Prototype development of mecanum wheels mobile robot: A review ]]>
<![CDATA[Abd Mutalib, Mohd Azri]]>;
<![CDATA[Azlan, Norsinnira Zainul]]>
<![CDATA[ Applied Research and Smart Technology (ARSTech) Vol. 1 No. 2 (2020): Applied Research and Smart Technology (ARSTech) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Mechanical Engineering Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta ]]>
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DOI: 10.23917/arstech.v1i2.39
<![CDATA[This paper provides the review and prototype development of mecanum wheels mobile robot (MWMR). Nowadays, there is a high market demand for a wheeled machine or wheeled robot for various applications. The ability to move in any direction without altering even a single wheel makes this type of wheel useful for driving, especially in a narrowed or confined space. Various styles of implementing MWMR are discussed in this paper. The kinematic derivation and dynamic modelling are also presented. Characteristically, mecanum wheels face traditional mobile application issues like jerking and slippage, which contribute to low positioning accuracy and repeatability. Besides, environmental factors like disturbance and uncertainty also contribute to these issues. To eliminate or at least reduce the effect, the control strategies in previous researches have been reviewed and are presented in this paper. Finally, a low-cost prototype of MWMR was developed as an experimental platform for future study.]]>
<![CDATA[The potency of natural and synthetic composites for ballistic resistance: A review ]]>
<![CDATA[Yaakob, Mohd Yuhazri]]>;
<![CDATA[Saion, Mohamad Pazlin]]>;
<![CDATA[Husin, Mohd Amirhafizan]]>
<![CDATA[ Applied Research and Smart Technology (ARSTech) Vol. 1 No. 2 (2020): Applied Research and Smart Technology (ARSTech) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Mechanical Engineering Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta ]]>
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DOI: 10.23917/arstech.v1i2.52
<![CDATA[Mechanical characteristics of the laminated composite crafted from fabric type reinforcement perhaps inspired via the weaving method and reinforcement agent's usage due to each layer's constructional parameter. As a result, research on the arrangement configuration between bio composite and synthetic fibre for the material shape was proposed to enhance the composite structure's biodiversity and physical characteristics. Substitute for natural fibre in synthetic fibre composite works has shown the excessive capacity to be explored scientifically. The evaluation focused on the concept and essential of bio composite and the synthetic composite fabric positioned over the years from the previous studies of the preliminary researches. The sorts and features of matrix and fibre filler reinforcement materials in composites were also discussed. This assessment's main findings indicated that the composite centre relied on the weave styles and inter-ply and interplay lamination roles. Therefore, the state-of-the-art intraply for synthetic fibre and bio composite fibre in a composite shape was anticipated performing higher in mechanical energy, particularly within the application of ballistic resistance, besides decreased dependency on artificial fibre. It would ultimately suggest the excellent weave sample designs in the proper combination shape of natural and synthetic fibres embedded with polymers. The statistical results were compared with the experimental parameters available inside the literature review. The review explains approximately the studies and evolution within the enhancement of characteristic fibres reinforced polymer composites in ballistic resistance use. This paper goes over the body armour's profitable and present advancement materials, structure and development procedures, and related works on upgrading ballistic energy captivation and upgrading the mechanical tenacity for high impact resistance applications.]]>
<![CDATA[A simplified approach for single carrier visible light communication transceiver using off-the-shelf components ]]>
<![CDATA[Ibhaze, Augustus]]>;
<![CDATA[Orukpe, Patience]]>;
<![CDATA[Edeko, Frederick]]>
<![CDATA[ Applied Research and Smart Technology (ARSTech) Vol. 1 No. 2 (2020): Applied Research and Smart Technology (ARSTech) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Mechanical Engineering Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta ]]>
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DOI: 10.23917/arstech.v1i2.102
<![CDATA[Over the past decades, the demand for high-speed data transmission has grown exponentially, necessitating broadband technology integration to satisfy the emerging data-hungry society. This concern has engendered the proposition of a simplified optical wireless transceiver module using off-the-shelf electronic devices. According to the transistor to transistor logic levels, the transmitter module was made up of a single negative-positive-negative (NPN) transistor operated as a switch to drive an off-the-shelf 12V 5W light-emitting diode (LED). In contrast, the receiver was made up of a photodetector (solar) module for photons detection and back-conversion to electrical signals. The received signal was passed through a four-stage amplification process to remove the ambient noise and retrieve the data signal. The last transceiver module was demonstrated using personal computers. It was observed to perform at different optimum points consistent with exposure to fluorescent light, daytime, and night-time operations consequent upon the induced ambient light interference at data rates constrained by the communication device interface.]]>
<![CDATA[The characteristic of hardness and microstructure of extraction forceps for dental and oral care made of stainless-steel ]]>
<![CDATA[Kholis, Nur]]>;
<![CDATA[Nuryanto, Nuryanto]]>;
<![CDATA[Mustofa, Arif]]>
<![CDATA[ Applied Research and Smart Technology (ARSTech) Vol. 1 No. 2 (2020): Applied Research and Smart Technology (ARSTech) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Mechanical Engineering Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta ]]>
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DOI: 10.23917/arstech.v1i2.184
<![CDATA[The reliability of medical devices such as extraction forceps is vital for dental and oral care. Apart from having hygienic properties, the extraction forceps must be strong and resistant to corrosion. This study evaluates the effects of tempering temperature on the hardness and microstructure of a medical device's material made from stainless-steel DIN 4021. In the experiments, a heat treatment process was carried out previously with a temperature of 1,050°C and a holding time of 20 minutes. A quenching process was conducted using a cooling channel that flowed with water at 10-20°C. After the heat treatment, the material was subjected to a tempering process with temperature variations of 200, 400, and 600°C. The research results indicated that the heat treatment process could increase the material's hardness value—the hardness value of the raw material changed from 20 to 48.67 HRC with the heat treatment. The tempering parameters resulted in the highest hardness value of 46.67 HRC at 200°C and the lowest value of 42.33 HRC at 600°C. Microstructure testing using optical microscopy showed that it produced ferrite, pearlite, and martensite structures. In contrast, the result of a microstructure testing using Scanning Electron Microscopy on the surface of the material is that the higher the tempering temperature, the larger the particles' area and dimension.]]>
