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INDONESIA
Jurnal Natur Indonesia
Published by Universitas Riau
ISSN : 14109379     EISSN : 25030345     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/jnat
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Engineering,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry
JURNAL NATUR INDONESIA terbit sejak tahun 1998, merupakan jurnal ilmu sains yang menyajikan artikel mengenai hasil penelitian, pemikiran dan pandangan dari peneliti dan pakar dalam bidang biosains (ilmu dasar), meliputi biologi, fisika, kimia dan matematika. Jurnal Natur Indonesia melibatkan mitra bestari yang menelaah setiap artikel sesuai dengan bidang ilmunya. Nama dan asal institusi mitra bestari tersebut tercantum pada halaman bagian normor 2 dari setiap volume penerbitan. Jurnal ini diterbitkan setahun dua kali, pada bulan April dan Oktober.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 9 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 15, No 1 (2013)" : 9 Documents clear
Pemanfaatan Minyak Daun Cengkeh untuk Sintesis 3,4-dimetoksibenzil Sianida sebagai Bahan Dasar Sintesis Isoflavon Alimuddin, Andi Hairil; Matsjeh, Sabirin; Anwar, Chairil; Mustofa, Mustofa
Jurnal Natur Indonesia Vol 15, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (144.173 KB) | DOI: 10.31258/jnat.15.1.68-74

Abstract

This research was aimed to utilize eugenol isolated from clove leave oil in the synthesis of isoflavones. Eugenol was usedas a raw material by converting into 3,4-dimethoxybenzyl cyanide through several stages of reactions. These stages weremethylation of eugenol, isomerization of methyleugenol, oxydation of methylisoeugenol, reduction of 3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde, halogenation of 3,4-imethoxybenzyl alcohol and nitrilization of 3,4-dimethoxybenzyl chloride to3.4-dimethoxybenzyl cyanide. Methylation of eugenol using dimethylsulfate and NaOH catalyst produced methyleugenolin 93.60% purity. Isomerization of methyleugenol employing base of potassium tertiary butoxide (t-BuOK) in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) gave methylisoeugenol with 87.15% yield and 98.10% purity. Oxidation of methylisoeugenol usingpotassium dichromate (K 2 Cr 2 O 7 ) was performed catalyst transfer phase (CTP) system of polysorbate 80 to 83.40% 3.4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde yield and 90.20% purity. Reduction of 3.4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde with sodium borohidrat (NaBH 4 )produced 98% yield. Halogenation of 3,4-dimethoxybenzyl alcohol by SOCl 2 to 3,4-dimethoxybenzyl chloride followed bynitrilisation using sodium cyanide produced 3.4-dimethoxybenzyl cyanide with 83.90% purity after reflux for 20 hours.
Profil Plumbum (Pb) dan Cadmium (Cd) sebagai Kontaminan Dampak Penggunaan Agrokimia serta Remediasi Biji Kedelai Menggunakan Swelling Agent pada Khelasi dengan Asam Sitrat Priyadi, Sapto; Darmaji, Purnama; Santoso, Umar; Hastuti, Pudji
Jurnal Natur Indonesia Vol 15, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (232.629 KB) | DOI: 10.31258/jnat.15.1.45-51

Abstract

This research were aimed to know the plumbum (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) profile on soybean seeds as contaminants of the impact use of agrochemistry material impact and to know of swelling agent of N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) needs at certain level of pH in chelation with citric acid. The results showed that the content of Pb in soybean seeds at cultivation system agrochemistry materials i.e. 0.63 ppm, while cultivation system without agrochemistry materials i.e. 0.46 ppm. Cd content in soybean seeds at cultivation system agrochemistry materials i.e. 0.05 ppm and the cultivation system without agrochemistry materials i.e. 0.1 ppm. Acceptable daily intake in terms of Pb content in soybean after treatment increases to 2.93 times compared before treatment (11.3379 to 33.2099 g per body weight per day). Acceptable daily intake in terms of the content of the Cd in soybean after treatment increases to 5.26 times compared before treatment. The value of the bio-concentration factor which expressed an accumulation of Pb in soybean seeds on both cultivation is low system (BCF<250), while for Cd is a moderate to high level (1.000<BCF>250). Cd reduction on soybeans seeds for all chelation treatment was maximum (not detected-detection limits was 0.01 ppm), while the highest reduction of Pb occurs at swelling agent N, N-dimethylformamide 15 mL at pH 10.
Karakterisasi Morfologi Ikan Bujuk (Channa lucius) pada Perairan Danau Singkarak Sumatera Barat, Rawa Banjiran Tanjung Jabung Timur Jambi dan Rawa Banjiran Kampar Riau Azrita, Azrita; Syandri, Hafrijal; Dahelmi, Dahelmi; Syaifullah, Syaifullah; Nugroho, Estu
Jurnal Natur Indonesia Vol 15, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (647.8 KB) | DOI: 10.31258/jnat.15.1.1-8

Abstract

Overfishing, the use of unfriendly-environmental fishing gears, changes of environmental water conditions and diversity of habitats are threaten the continuity of Bujuk fish (Channa lucius) and generate the morphologycal diversity. Consequently, appropriate conservation efforts are needed to preserve the fish. The first phase of these efforts were done through morphological approach. The research was held in 2010 in Singkarak Lake West Sumatera Province, in floodplain, Pematang sub-district Lindung Mendahara Ulu Regency East Tanjung Jabung, Province of Jambi, and in floodplain Mentulik Regency Kampar Kiri Hilir Riau Province. The aims of the research were to analyze the morphological characteristic of the fish with Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and to determine the range of similarity between populations of the fish. Determination of the location of fish sampling was conducted by proposive sampling in which there were 30 samples for every research location. The measurement of the specimen was done by digital calipers on the left of the body, at 4 meristic characters and 19 morphometric characters. The data obtained were analyzed by One Way ANOVA and principal component analysis using Statistical software version 13. The results showed that based on the analysis of morphological characteristics of bujuk fish, populations that exist in Lake Singkarak were different from those of Pematang Lindung floodplain sub-district Mendahara Ulu Regency East Tanjung Jabung Jambi Province and Mentulik Regency floodplain Kampar Kiri Hilir Province Riau. The meristic difference was on the number of scales along the lateral line with a value of 0.783. While the main difference on morphometric characters were the snout length with a value of 0.848, and length of upper jaw with a value of 0.847. Thus, the study showed that the fish was isolated geographically into two groups, which were Jambi-Riau population and Singkarak Lake population.
Ketoksikan Akut dari Ekstrak Etanolik Daun Jarak Pagar (Jatropa curcas) pada Mencit Jantan Galur Balb/C Baroroh, Hanif Nasiatul; Nur Rachmani, Eka Prasasti
Jurnal Natur Indonesia Vol 15, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (266.882 KB) | DOI: 10.31258/jnat.15.1.52-56

Abstract

The acute toxicity of Jatropa curcas leaves on Balb/C male mice was studied in rats. This research aimed to determine acute toxicity, evaluate spectrum of toxic effect and mechanism that caused the death of animal test after administration of ethanolic extract of J. curcas leaves, single dosage orally on 24 hours observation. The research used male mice, which are divided into 5 groups. Group I was negative control with CMC-Na. Group II, III, IV, and V were given extract with dose of 1400 mg/kgBW, 2240 mg/kgBW, 3584 mg/kgBW and 5734 mg/kgBW, respectively. Evaluation of the toxic symptoms and death of animal test was done for 24 hours. If the animal test was died before 24 hours then it underwent surgery to take the heart, liver, lung, and kidney. In the end of the evaluation, all mice were killed to take the vital organs for histopathologic examination. No mortality was observed during study. The test resulted LD50 of ethanolic extract from J. curcas leaves using Balb/C male mice was 5734 mg/kg of BW. It was categorized as practically not toxic. Administration of the extract did not cause alterations of animal behaviours. Histopathology examination shows inflammation in lung, liver, and kidney after administration of the extract.
Keanekaragaman Spesies Parasitoid Telur Hama Lepidoptera dan Parasitisasinya pada Beberapa Tanaman di Kabupaten Solok, Sumatera Barat Hidrayani, Hidrayani; Rusli, R.; Lubis, Y. S.
Jurnal Natur Indonesia Vol 15, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (167.027 KB) | DOI: 10.31258/jnat.15.1.9-14

Abstract

A study was conducted to determine the species diversity of lepidoptera egg parasitoids on several crops in Solok. lepidopteran eggs were collected from rice, corn, tomato, and cabbage. A survey was conducted by using Stratified Purposive Sampling Method. Two districts (Gunung Talang and Lembah Gumanti) were chosen as centre of the target crops. The results showed that five species of egg parasitoids were found parasitizing lepidopteran eggs. The species found on rice were Telenomus sp., Tetrastichus sp., and Trichogramma japonicum parasitizing Scirpophaga incertulas and Hesperiidae with parasitization levels were 29.54; 13.02; and 2.05% respectively. The species found on corn was Trichogrammatoidea spp. parasitizing Helicoverpa armigera with parasitization level was 29.07%. None of parasitoid was found to parasitize eggs of H. armigera on tomato. The egg parasitoid parasitizing Crocidolomia pavonana and Spodoptera litura on cabbage was Trichogramma chilotrae with parasitization level was 1.67%. The most abundance species of lepidopteran egg parasitoids were Telenomus sp.and Trichogrammatoidea sp. The diversity index of egg parasitoids on rice in different sample areas varied from 0.46 to 0.63 based on Simpsons index. It indicated that the species diversity of lepidopteran eggs was relatively low. 
Synthesis and Antimalarial Activity of 2-Phenyl-1,10-Phenanthroline Derivative Compounds Hadanu, Ruslin; Mustofa, Mustofa; Nazudin, Nazudin
Jurnal Natur Indonesia Vol 15, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (136.973 KB) | DOI: 10.31258/jnat.15.1.57-62

Abstract

To develop new potential antimalarial drugs of 2-phenyl-1,10-phenanthroline 5 derivatives from 8-aminoquinoline as startingmaterial were synthesized in good yields. The synthesis of 2-phenyl-1,10-phenanthroline 5 derivatives compoundswith 8-aminoquinoline 4 as starting material through three steps has been carried out. The first step of reactions is aldolcondensation of benzaldehyde 1 with acetaldehyde 2. The result of reactions is cinnamaldehyde 3 (92.14%) in the form ofyellow solid. The second step of reactions was synthesized of 2-phenyl-1,10-phenanthroline 5 (brown solid, 54.63%)through cyclization of 8-aminoquinoline 4 with cinnamaldehyde 3 compound. The third step of reactions is methylation andethylation of 2-phenyl-1,10-phenanthroline using dimethyl sulphate (DMS) and diethyl sulphate (DES) reagents that it wasrefluxed for 17 and 19 h, respectively. The results of reactions are (1)-N-methyl-9-phenyl-1,10-phenanthrolinium sulphate 6and (1)-N-ethyl-9-phenyl-1,10-phenanthrolinium sulphate 7 in yield from 90.62% and 89.70%, respectively. The results oftesting in vitro antiplasmodial activity at chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum FCR3 strain to 2-phenyl-1,10-phenanthroline 5 derivatives obtained that (1)-N-ethyl-9-phenyl-1,10-phenanthrolinium sulphate 7 compound has higherantimalarial activity (IC 50 :0.13 ± 0.02 μM) than antimalarial activity of (1)-N-methyl-9-phenyl-1,10-phenanthrolinium sulphate6 compound (IC 50 :0.25 ± 0.01 μM) and 2-phenyl-1,10-phenanthroline 5 compound (IC 50 :2.45 ± 0.09 μM). While, the resultsof testing in vitro antiplasmodial activity at chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum D10 strain to 2-phenyl-1,10-phenanthroline 5 derivatives obtained that (1)-N-methyl-9-phenyl-1,10-phenanthrolinium sulphate 6 compound has higherantimalarial activity (IC 50 :0.10± 0.04 μM) than antimalarial activity of (1)-N-ethyl-9-phenyl-1,10-phenanthrolinium sulphate7 (IC 50 :0.18 ± 0.01 μM) and 2-phenyl-1,10-phenanthroline 5 compound (IC 50 :0.55 ± 0.07 μM).
Densitas Simbion Alga Zooxanthellae pada Anemon Laut Stichodactyla gigantea Alam dan Hasil Reproduksi Aseksual Rifa’i, M. Ahsin; Tuwo, Ambo; Budimawan, Budimawan; Niartiningsih, Andi
Jurnal Natur Indonesia Vol 15, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (727.01 KB) | DOI: 10.31258/jnat.15.1.15-23

Abstract

The aims of this research were to discover the density of algae symbiont of zooxanthellae in the giant carpet anemone (Stichodactyla gigantea) from the nature and the asexual reproduction by longitudinal body fragmentation technique. The research was conducted from October 2007 to July 2008, in The Hatchery of University of Hasanuddin Marine Station in Barrang Lompo Island for seed production and coral reefs area of Barrang Lompo Island for the implementation of culture. The series of study was started with parental collection and acclimatization of anemones, fragmentation of the body, culturing anemones in the coral reefs area and collection of algae zooxanthellae which is conducted every two months. The results of this study indicated the difference of zooxanthellae density from nature and asexual reproduction anemones. The highest density of zooxanthellae algae found in the non fragmented or nature population (AA) (10.84 x 106 cell/cm2), followed by the anemone which was resulted from 2 parts body fragmentation (AF2) (10.24 x 106 cells/cm2), and the anemone which was resulted from 4 parts body fragmentation (AF4) (9.17 x 106 cell/cm2 ). Whereas, between the good coral (KB) and bad coral (KR) not significant.
3,3’-di-O-methylellagic acid, an Antioxidant Phenolics Compound from Sonneratia alba Bark Herawati, Netti; Firdaus, Firdaus
Jurnal Natur Indonesia Vol 15, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (214.904 KB) | DOI: 10.31258/jnat.15.1.63-67

Abstract

Free radicals play an important role in some pathogenesis of serious diseases, such as neurodegenerative disorders, cancer,liver cirrhosis, cardiovascular diseases, atherosclerosis, cataracts, diabetes and inflammation. Compounds that can scavengefree radicals have great potential in ameliorating these diseases. It is reported that phenolic compounds in plants possessstrong antioxidant activity and may help to protect cells against the oxidative damage caused by free radicals. Previousstudy revealed that mangrove trees, Sonneratia alba Bark showed strong antioxidant activity. Ethyl acetate fractionexhibited the best antioxidant performance. The antioxidant activity of this fraction was attributed to the presence ofcompounds of different polarities such as phenolics. Furthermore, the phenolic antioxidant of ethyl acetate fraction werepurified and identified with UV, IR, MS, and 2D NMR spectrometry. 3,3’-di-O-methylellagic acid was found in brownamourphous powder. Antioxidant activity was evaluated and compared with L-(+)-ascorbic acid as standard by usingDPPH assay. The compound has strong antioxidant activity than ascorbic acid standar with the value of IC 50 11.35 and17.64 μg/mL, respectively. The high value of antioxidant activity of compound indicate that S. alba is a potential source ofnatural antioxidant agent.
Penerapan Analisis Korelasi Kanonik pada Kajian Enso dalam Identifikasi Hubungan Fitur Iklim Miftahuddin, Miftahuddin; Andriani, Ria; Setiawan, Ichsan; Mulsandi, Adi
Jurnal Natur Indonesia Vol 15, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (453.386 KB) | DOI: 10.31258/jnat.15.1.36-44

Abstract

There are several resulting arguments from the research done on climate variation in Indonesia stating that the observed affects are through various phenomena such as ENSO, monsoon, dipole mode event, and MJO. However, the magnitude of the effect varies for each region in Indonesia. This research aims to identify the relationship among the global climate features (GCFs) in the Nino3.4 (5°S–5°N, 120–170°W) with the local climate features (LCFs) in the Aceh regions which represented by: I(2–3°N, 95–98°E), II(3–4°N, 95–98°E), III(4–5°N, 95–98°E), and IV(5–6°N, 95–98°E) using canonical correlation analysis (CCA) in the ENSO phenomena. The analysis shows that global GCFs variations have strong correlation with LCFs variations with the correlation values, 0.893, 0.899, 0.900, and 0.901, respectively. The result show that when there is a global change in any feature of GCFs, the same change also appears in each feature of LCFs. The canonical loading shows that there are original variables which have strong correlation with the first canonical global variable (X1) with correlations 0.987, 0.969, 0.987, and 0.865,respectively, and the local wind (Y1) with correlations 0.974, 0.952, 0.979, and 0.845, respectively. All the other climate features have weak correlations with the first canonical variables. From the MANOVA, we can conclude that the climate features (wind, SST, SSTA, and SLP) affect climate changes in both study regions. Our results also reveal that LCFs are significantly affected in the Nino3.4 99.5% and in I, II, III, and IV for given correlations 99.8, 99.7, 99.6, and 99.5%, respectively.

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