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MANAJEMEN IKM: Jurnal Manajemen Pengembangan Industri Kecil Menengah

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Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor

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Core Subject : Engineering,

Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering

Manajemen IKM merupakan Jurnal Pengembangan Manajemen Industri Kecil Menengah (IKM) yang diterbitkan oleh Program Studi Industri Kecil Menengah (MPI) Sekolah Pascasarjana IPB sejak September 2006, memuat kegiatan dunia usaha kecil menengah (UKM), khususnya IKM beserta instansi yang terkait seperti perbankan, departemen teknis dan usaha swasta besar dan petani/nelayan. Manajemen IKM terbit setiap 6 bulan sekali (Februari dan September) dan ditujukan sebagai wadah untuk mengkomunikasikan hasil-hasil penelitian dari kajian tugas akhir mahasiswa MPI, khususnya yang terkait dengan pembinaan dan pengembangan IKM. Namun demikian, tulisan yang diterima Manajemen IKM terbuka bagi berbagai kalangan yang memiliki ketertarikan dalam pembinaan dan pengembangan IKM, baik itu peneliti, penyuluh, maupun pengusaha. Dengan diterbitkannya jurnal ini, maka kedepannya diharapkan lebih dipahami potensi, kendala dan pengembangan IKM melalui pendekatan holistik dan sinergi yang dilihat dari faktor-faktor ekonomi, manajerial dan faktor-faktor lainnya seperti kemitraan. Perintisan jurnal sebagai berkala ilmiah berwawasan nasional dimulai sejak Februari 2006 dengan nama Jurnal MPI dengan No. ISSN 1907-3127 yang memuat 9 judul artikel pada setiap edisi. Mulai terbitan edisi September 2009, judulnya dirubah menjadi Jurnal Manajemen IKM dengan No. ISSN 2085-8418. Jurnal Manajemen IKM selama ini mampu menjadi sarana penyebarluasan informasi ilmiah kepada para dosen atau peneliti lainnya, maupun masyarakat pengguna, serta sarana pengembangan.

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Kajian Pembinaan, Pengembangan dan Pengawasan UKM Binaan PT Sucofindo Musa Hubeis
MANAJEMEN IKM: Jurnal Manajemen Pengembangan Industri Kecil Menengah Vol. 5 No. 1 (2010): Manajemen IKM
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are 99.9% of total businesses in Indonesia. Mapping/clustering potential of SMEs that built in accordance with the conditions of the region/administrative, potential resources (commodities) and business units (production centers and groups) can be used as an indicator and the benchmark for guidance, development and supervision in order to strengthen the spine and the national economic structure. Objectives of the study are (1) identify potential SMEs that built in accordance with business information and problems encountered; (2) compile a database of selected target SMEs in the form of statistical profiles that are relevant to the purposes of guidance, development and supervision (success indicators and critical); (3) develop a standard model or alternative development, SMEs development and built a successful surveillance with the potential clustering patterns (base development) in accordance with local circumstances, and economic sectors. In this study used techniques: (1) desk research of secondary data sourced from SMEs that built by PT. Sucofindo and literature on SMEs-related studies conducted; (2) a brief survey to the selected SMEs locations from the point (1) purposively to obtain primary data as a verification activity that is supported by effective semi-structured questionnaire. Data analysis carried out descriptively, both qualitative and quantitative. From the study guidance, development and supervision of SMEs that built by PT Sucofindo available facts and data (information business, determinants, the feasibility of the business sector, loan repayment status and conceptual models) that SMEs that built can be categorized pre-enterprise SMEs and businesses running. Business grouping determines the smoothness of debt servicing. Therefore, in order to establish indicators of the model guidance, development and supervision in accordance with the type of SME, then the PT. Sucofindo requires an assessment system that is easy, fast, accurate, reliable and trustworthy, that can later be used as an effective guide for guidance, development and supervision of SMEs in general and in particular SMEs that built by PT. Sucofindo used a generic approach in business performance indicators that are supported by indicators of business drivers. Model guidance, development and supervision SMEs that has done so far by PT. Sucofindo still be reliable, but for the speed and feasibility of the establishment of SMEs which will be built into the front according to selected economic sectors, would be equipped with an approach that resulted in the studies of guidance, development and supervision, namely the general model of guidance, development and supervision of SMEs that built based on SMEs that built issues, systems of SMEs that built, assumptions, conceptual models and variables that can be measured. Guidance, development and supervision of SMEs that built, with potential cluster approach can be performed on: (1) category of solid natural resources, when positioned on the outskirts of the city and labor intensive, when positioned in the center of town; (2) technical assistance and competency-based according to the phase business. Both of the thing are helping improve the performance and structural improvement of SMEs, increase their competitiveness and resilience of SMEs supported by the core business, supporting business and related businesses intensively interconnected

Kajian Program Misykat (Microfinance Syariah Berbasis Masyarakat) Sebagai Alternatif Pilihan Program Pemberdayaan Usaha Mikro (Studi Kasus pada Dompet Peduli Umat Daarut Tauhid Bogor) Aulie Tsalistia; Rizal Syarief; - Suryahadi
MANAJEMEN IKM: Jurnal Manajemen Pengembangan Industri Kecil Menengah Vol. 5 No. 1 (2010): Manajemen IKM
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

One of the alternative institution that distributes productive fund to the community in need is the “Amil Zakat” Institution. The community-based Misykat, which belongs to the institution, is Dompet Peduli Umat Daarut Tauhid (DPUDT), which not only contributes the rolling fund but also establishes mental and character building as its main product. It also delivers business management to a self-supporting community, and create a new working environment for the local community. The objectives of this study are, firstly, to analyze the implementation of the Misykat Program for the empowerment of micro-businesses in Bogor, based on the achievement of the program, and secondly, to analyze the most influencing strategy of the Misykat Program in Bogor, based on the priority scale. The data collecting was conducted through literature study, standard operation of the Misykat Program, and data implementation of the program in Bogor as the secondary data collecting. The primary data collecting was obtained through interview with the management, and through questionnaire input from members. The data analysis was executed through the descriptive and Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) analysis using Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE), External Factor Evaluation (EFE), Internal-External (IE) and SWOT matrix. The last stage of the strategy formulation was the decision in using the Quantitative Strategic Planning (QSP) matrix. The study showed that 30 people joined the Misykat Program, and that there were still no significant changes in the economic welfare of its members. However, there was an increase in the accumulation of members’ saving and reserved fund, and their economic productivity, caused by a creativity enhancement in developing business. In the Nurul Qomar Council, the distributed fund was more effective compared to that in the Al-Ikhlas Council. There was a paradigm shift in the members’ way of thinking as a result of an intensive community establishment. Unfortunately, no member has become “Muzakki” yet because their earnings have not reached “nishab”. Meanwhile, the most applicable strategies are enhancing the quality of service, education and supervision to the members

Kajian Prospek Usaha Tanaman Hias Akuarium pada Kelompok Usaha Bunga Air “Aqua Plantindo” di Ciawi Kabupaten Bogor Bambang Sukaca; Muhammad Syamsun; Illah Sailah
MANAJEMEN IKM: Jurnal Manajemen Pengembangan Industri Kecil Menengah Vol. 5 No. 1 (2010): Manajemen IKM
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

Study of Aquarium Decorative Plant Business Prospect at Bunga Air “Aqua Plantindo” Business Group in Ciawi, Bogor Regency aims to identify the business feasibility in business development, formulating the right strategy in the business development, to evaluate the performance of Bunga Air “Aqua Plantindo” Business Group by using Balanced Scorecard (BSC) approach and to identify partnership level category of aquarium decorative plant small industry. The result study was obtained the Net Present Value (NPV) of Rp. 188.455.000,00, Internal Rate of Return (IRR) 38,63%, Profitability Index (PI) 1,15 and Net B/C ratio 1,67, indicating the this business is considered to be feasible to be grown. Calculation result of payback (PBP) this period was identified that the investment payback period is 2 years 3 months 18 days and shorter than investment life period for 5 years, so it is feasible and profitable. Based on result of strategy analysis by using Strenghts, Weaknesess, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) analysis, the right strategy in the business development of Bunga Air “Aqua Plantindo” Business Group by maintaining and improving product quality in accordance with the customers wants, maintaining and improving the business/partnership relations with exporters and suppliers. The result of the analysis of Internal-External (IE) matrix showed an internal factor of 2.702 and an external factor of 2.516, which put the business in quadrant V, which are growth and stability. It means they must defend strategy that they have been using up till now, and they must increase developing strategy of business. Result of evaluation with Balanced Scorecard (BSC) indicates that financial performance from 2003-2007 in aquarium decorative plant business at Bunga Air “Aqua Plantindo” Business Group was fairly good seen from liquidity, solvability, efficiency in taking advantage of assets, net profits obtained, effectiveness and productivity in making use of assets owned and in receivables collection. Based on the result of study from customer perception with six attribute dimensions the service quality is fairly satisfactory. Seeing from after sales service level, operation/production process and innovation process show that internal business of Bunga Air “Aqua Plantindo” Business Group is considered fairly good. Observing from performance aspect, organizational restructuring aspect, learning dynamic aspect, group member satisfaction level aspect, knowledge management aspect, empowerment aspect and technology application aspect indicate that from growth and learning perspectives at Bunga Air “Aqua Plantindo” Business Group is considered fairly good. Partnership level between Bunga Air “Aqua Plantindo” Business Group with PT. Nusantara Aquatic Exporindo and CV. Cahaya Baru is included in First Prime Partnership Level. While the partnership level between Bunga Air “Aqua Plantindo” Business Group with CV. Tropical Aquatic is included in Secondary Prime Partnership Level.

Kelayakan dan Strategi Pengembangan Usaha Pembudidayaan Tanaman Hias di Kompleks Perumahan Bekasi (Kasus Usaha Tanaman Hias Adenium pada Lahan Terbatas) - Adelita; Musa Hubeis; Darwin Kadarisman
MANAJEMEN IKM: Jurnal Manajemen Pengembangan Industri Kecil Menengah Vol. 5 No. 1 (2010): Manajemen IKM
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

Decorative Plant business is relative newly and in this time is to be developed. Development of decorative plant business in the future having bright enough prospect, because enthusiasm to this plant more increasing. Business decorative plant have opportunity to be developed and improved with intensification and extensification, now days start to be developed by rent of decorative plant in the hotels. From the other of decorative plant which exist in Indonesia, Adenium is most like decorative plant. Adenium is very popular among hobbies. This matter is caused uniqly and bright color. Activity of Adenium is have a problems, which is technical problem of conducting and marketing That problem causing productivity become to lower in produce Adenium and quality, but for farmer in the Bekasi problem is added by limited place cause land is so expensive price. According to the matter has been done by Feasibility and Strategy Development of plant in Real Estate of Bekasi, with : (1) analyze the feasibility of decorative plant of Adenium, (2) compiling strategy development in improving sale of decorative plant Adenium. This study is has been doing in real estate of Bekasi, with four responder merchant of decorative plant Adenium. Using method study is descriptive analysis, analysis Feasibility study (BEP, B/C Ratio and of Payback Period) and Strengths, Weakness, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) analysis. From financial analysis result indicate that the business decorative plant of Adenium if feasible to be implemented in limited pace because can give advantage in payback period 7.47-22 months and get value of Rp. 3.121.665 - Rp. 3.813.750. While strategy able to be done by using marketing strategy by marketing mix, that is strategy product, price, promotion and place.

Penentuan Umur Simpan dan Pengembangan Model Diseminasi dalam rangka Percepatan Adopsi Teknologi Mi Jagung bagi UKM Nurheni Sri Palupi; Feri Kusnandar; Dede Robiatul Adawiyah; Dahrul Syah
MANAJEMEN IKM: Jurnal Manajemen Pengembangan Industri Kecil Menengah Vol. 5 No. 1 (2010): Manajemen IKM
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

Technology of corn noodle, both processed from 100% corn flour and substitution of wheat flour (by corn flour), was developed by previous researchers but it has not been tested to be applied to the community. The objectives of this study were: (1) identify critical quality parameters and determine the shelf life of corn noodle; (2) to test the production process of dry- and wet-corn on a pilot plant scale and the small industry of wet noodles; and (3) to obtain the quantitative data of consumer acceptance from the wet noodle producers (small-medium enterprise or SMEs) and the consumers. The critical parameters of corn noodles quality during storage were the color, texture (ease of fracture), cooking loss (loss of solids due to cooking), and the degree of rancidity. Based on the aroma parameters, the shelf life of corn noodles on the storage temperature reaches 28oC was 4.6 months. Production of corn noodle routinely has been performed in a pilot plant of SEAFAST Center with a capacity 4 batch per day process. According to the wet noodles producers (small industry), the technology of the 35% substitution of corn noodles (wet noodle) can be directly adopted by SMEs without any change in the production process. The technology of 100% corn noodles can also be adopted with the addition of blanching units before sheeting process. The respondents accept the 35% substitution of corn noodles and considered no different than wheat noodles. Eighty-five percents of meatball noodles SMEs stated that are willing to use the corn wet noodle. Eighty percents of consumer’s meatball noodle said that the wet corn noodle were suitable using for meatball noodles with the acceptance value were close to the wheat noodles.

Analisis Pengembangan Kluster Bisnis Sepatu (Studi Kasus Industri Sepatu di Kecamatan Ciomas) Dhina Ermayani; Aida Vitayala S Hubeis; Ma'mun Sarma
MANAJEMEN IKM: Jurnal Manajemen Pengembangan Industri Kecil Menengah Vol. 5 No. 1 (2010): Manajemen IKM
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

The District of Bogor has potency as a human resources for shoes industry. Ciomas district is one of the central of shoes industry in Bogor. With all the potencies, the shoes industry is potential to be developed as one of export commodities. However, in reality, it is hard to grow because of some constraints, such as marketing and financial factors. The aim this research is : (1) to identify shoes industry in Ciomas Sub district, (2) to identify internal and external factor, (3) to formulate industrial expansion strategy of shoes in Ciomas Sub district. Research was executed in some small shoes industries at Ciomas Sub district in Bogor District. The data were collected from April to July 2008 including primary and secondary data. Primary data were obtained through field survey, interview with the owner of shoes industry and raw material supplier, while secondary data were obtained through book studying, related document and institution report. Information data of small industry were analyzed by using descriptive analysis, while quantitative data were analyzed by using IFE (Internal Factor Evaluation) Matrix, EFE (External Factor Evaluation) Matrix, IE (Internal External) Matrix, SWOT (Strength-Weakness-Opportunities-Threats) Matrix, and QSPM (Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix). Small industry (IK) of self-supporting business shoes of Ciomas is a “CV” form having its own financial capital without existence of partnership with number of labors ranges from 6-12 stripper and established for 5-10 years. It does not depend on collector, either raw material or marketing. Small industry of shoes worker Ciomas is a workshop doing cooperation with collector in procuring financial capital, production order and marketing. The number of labors which were employed by IK worker less than 6 people and established for less than 5 year. The strategy that can be applied by self-supporting business was balancing quality and showing up its characteristic to anticipate business emulation, extending market share in other big towns of Indonesia using promotion media, innovation and various product to increase selling price by utilizing technology, working with banking to develop business, introducing trade mark to promote product, having collaboration with related government or institution to increase managerial ability, monetary management and marketing, handling all production process to increase profit, using technology to increase production and extends market share. The strategy that can be applied by IK worker was searching other capital sources to decrease the dependency to wholesaler, having collaboration with related government or institution to increase managerial ability, monetary management and marketing, balancing quality and showing up its characteristic to anticipate business emulation, introducing trade mark to promote product, innovating various product to increase selling price by utilizing technology, producing qualified products and intensive in searching opportunity to sell product, apart from collector.

Strategi dan Prospek Pengembangan Industri Produk Olahan Minyak Pala dalam rangka Pemberdayaan Masyarakat di Kabupaten Bogor - Lusianah; Muhammad Syamsun; Nurheni Sri Palupi
MANAJEMEN IKM: Jurnal Manajemen Pengembangan Industri Kecil Menengah Vol. 5 No. 1 (2010): Manajemen IKM
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

Nutmeg oil is one of essential oil products of economically important nutmeg commodities. Many of nutmeg oil’s product were used for food’s industry, such as astringent, cosmetics, soap, and medicines. The objectives of this research, were to get a good quality nutmeg oil as raw material for nutmeg oil’s downstream industry, to analize the feasibility of the construction of the industry, and to formulate developing strategy of nutmeg oil’s downstream industry in Bogor Regency. The data were collected by experts use exponential comparisons method (MPE) to choose appropriate destilation method of nutmeg oil, a product that will be develop in Bogor and also potential location to develop the industry’s fabric. To know appropriate strategy to empower the Bogor Regency’s society by means of the industry, first it was necessary to know the position of downstream industry using strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) analysis and to formulate appropriate strategy using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). The appropriate destilation method of nutmeg oil that were choosen by experts is direct steam method, the product that were choosen by experts is cosmetic’s product, and the potential location is Ciomas Regency. Based on feasibility analysis nutmeg oil downstream industry has potencial prospect in Bogor Regency. Market aspect shows that the industry is very needed in Bogor. The human resource aspect also shows that there are a lot of productive ages that can be required in the industry. Financial aspect signed that investation of the industry bring profit based on Net Present Value (NPV) that is Rp. 4.362.473.952, Internal Rate of Return (IRR) 47,2% per year with discount rate 16,5% and 8% per year, Payback Period (PBP) 11,5 month, and Benefit/Cost (B/C) ratio 1,11. SWOT analysis showed that nutmeg oil downstream industry located at second quadrant. It means that the industry supported aggressive strategy, and by used this analysis we can formulate seven alternative strategies. The appropriate strategy to empower The Bogor Regency’s society by means cosmetic’s industry is extensification of nutmeg area and corporate community relationship.

Evaluasi Kinerja Lembaga Keuangan Mikro Swamitra Mina dengan Pendekatan Balanced Scorecard (Studi Kasus di Kabupaten Bantul, Yogyakarta) Panca Dewi Setyarini; Musa Hubeis; Darwin Kadarisman
MANAJEMEN IKM: Jurnal Manajemen Pengembangan Industri Kecil Menengah Vol. 5 No. 1 (2010): Manajemen IKM
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

To overcome the problem of coastal community poverty, since 2001, the Directorate of Coastal Community Empowerment, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries developed the Coastal Community Economic Empowerment. The main activity of this program is to distribute the Productive Economic Fund (PEF) to the coastal community groups using the revolving fund scheme. Since the Bad Debt Ratio (BDR) was high, started 2004, the PEF has function as collateral to the Bukopin Bank under Swamitra Micro Finance scheme. The study was done in Bantul District, Yogyakarta to evaluate the performance of this institution, with main objectives are (1) to analysis the performance of Swamitra Mina Micro Finance using Balanced Scorecard (BSC) Approach; (2) to define the score of the Swamitra Mina Micro Finance Institution (MFI) criteria using BSC; (3) to analysis the affectivity of Swamitra Mina as the alternative MFI for coastal community. The data analysis includes: (a) MFI analysis using BSC approach; (b) the value of micro finance; (c) the efectivity analysis of the existence of Swamitra Mina based on community perception especially in credit mechanism, amount, duration, the interest rate, etc. The study showed that in 2006 – 2007, the financial ratio fulfilled the minimum IFAD standard. The Ratio of Return on Equity (ROE), Financial Self sufficiency (RKK), Return on Asset (ROA) and arrears in 2006 were 180,37%, 159,66%, 4,7%, 1,41% respectively and in 2007 were 220,9%, 202%, 10,61% and 2,6% respectively. Based on the debitur perspective, the highest customer satisfaction score after sale aspect is 3,94 on the average and the average customer satisfaction indexs is 3,5. The result of the perpective analysis in internal bussiness process showed that the time duration of the credit process suited to the standard time (3 days on the average) and the precise target to the coastal community was 96%. Based on the lesson and the growth perspective, the quality of human resources increased through the various training and manager sertification. The scoring criteria of the MFI performance evaluation showed that the financial perspective score was the highest (52%) contributed by the financial report sub criteria (35%) with performance indicator report of profit and deficit (17,5%) and the balance report (17,5%). The average of customer satisfaction index to evaluate the MFI efectivity was 3,53 meaning that the MFI was effective. The increasing number of debitor, and also the amount of credit and saving during the year of 2006-2007 indicated that the existence of MFI may functioned as the alternative institution to serve the capital for the the coastal community

Analisis Kepuasan Pelanggan dalam Meningkatkan Kinerja Mutu Atribut Produk Mainan Edukatif (Studi Kasus: Produk ’Shofia Toys’) Yulita Veranda Usman; Budi Suharjo; Darwin Kadarisman
MANAJEMEN IKM: Jurnal Manajemen Pengembangan Industri Kecil Menengah Vol. 5 No. 1 (2010): Manajemen IKM
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

Children love to play and want to know about anything in their surrounding. They need to grow and educational toys can facilitate them. The aim of this study was to improve quality performance of product attributes of Shofia Toys by analyzing its customer satisfaction. Data analysis methods that used in this study were: focus group discussion (FGD) to identify educational toy attributes; top two boxes index to measure customer satisfaction level; and gap analysis, penalty-reward analysis and diagonal analysis to analyze influential factors of customers satisfaction. CHAID analysis was used to determine which one of the product attributes to be the priority of improvement. There are 26 educational toy attributes that can be grouped into 6 quality dimensions of product, they are performance, reliability, aesthetics, conformance, durability, and serviceability. Customer satisfaction level of Shofia Toys products is 62,5% and dissatisfaction level is 1,0%. Based on the hierarchy of needs, all attributes are performance attributes, but their performance are not sufficient yet and have 19-47% of gaps between important and satisfaction level. At this time, company can do an improvement for the attibutes that related to ability to increase creativity of children; precision; durability; and smoothness of wood product. These are the priorities of quality performance improvement of Shofia Toys product attributes that can improve its customer satisfaction

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