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SAINS MEDIKA : JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DAN KESEHATAN

sainsmedika
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Published by Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

ISSN : 20851545 EISSN : 2339093X DOI : -

Core Subject : Health,

Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology

Sains Medika is journal of medicine and health, is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that focuses on promoting medical sciences generated from Biomedical Sciences, Public Health, Clinical Sciences, and Medical Education to integrate researches in all aspects of human health. This journal publishes original articles, reviews article, and also interesting case reports.

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 207 Documents

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Evaluation of Module Based Medical Ethics Training Among Medical Students of a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in National Capital Region, India. Manocha, Sachin; Arora, Ekta; Dubey, Ashok; Sah, Ravinder; Suranagi, Umesh
Sains Medika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 12, No 2 (2021): July-December 2021
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran; Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA)

Introduction: The medical education world-wide is adapting competency based learning; it is high-time that the medical syllabus is inculcated with integrated-medical ethics training. An educational training program with a pre- and post-test method of analysis has better student outcome with respect to retention, thinking and understanding. Objective: To assess the understanding and application of medical ethics in students after structured module based training.Methods: One hundred and fifty students of 1st professional Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) were provided a 10 hours’ duration module based teaching of basic principles and core concepts of medical ethics in patient care. The assessment was conducted using a pre and post analysis questionnaire having 15 multiple choice questions with one correct response. Data were analysed using paired student’s t-test for comparing pre- and post-test scores. P < 0.05 was considered as significantResults: Total post-test correct responses were highly significant than pre-test responses. Gender wise, both males and females- post-test response significantly improved (p<0.001), indicating that there is improvement in understanding the principles and key concepts of medical ethics provided during the training. Upon completion of the training, most students strongly agreed that the training has inspired them towards the moral code of conduct, attitude and behavioural change and it provided necessary information on medical ethics.Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that the structured medical ethics training module yielded a significant enhancement of not only the knowledge and understanding level of the students but also in their perception, attitude and behavioural interest about the importance of ethical medical practice in the future patient care.

The Effect of Moderate-Intensity Physical Exercise on Interleukin-6 Level and Lymphocyte Count in Leprosy Reaction Patient Roy, Adryan; Nasihun, Taufiqurrachman; Sumarawati, Titiek
Sains Medika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 12, No 1 (2021): January - June 2021
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran; Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA)

Introduction: Leprosy reaction is an immunity declining reaction marked with inflammation which may cause permanent disability. Physical exercise may improve body’s immune system. Objective: To prove the effect of moderate-intensity physical exercise on the interleukin-6 level and lymphocyte count in leprosy reaction patient.Methods: The quasi-experimental research with pretest and posttest and a control group design used 30 respondents consisting of 14 interventions and 16 controls. The intervention group was given moderate-intensity physical exercise 60%-79% in the form of static cycle at a frequency of 4 times weekly, 150 minutes per week. Corticosteroid was always administered to the two groups as a standard therapy. The interleukin-6 level was measured using ELISA method and lymphocyte count was measured using hematology analyzer.Result: The Mann-Whitney analysis shows that the mean difference in IL-6 level between pretest and posttest with the intervention group (-7.1429±25.2369) is significantly lower than that of the control group (8.8125±11.2025), p<0.05. On the contrary, the Independent t-test analysis shows that the mean difference in lymphocyte count between pretest and posttest with the intervention group (0.7407±0.41236) is significantly higher than that of the control group (-0.4500±0.42415), p<0.05. Conclusion: Physical exercise at moderate intensity in the form of aerobics using static cycle at a frequency of 4 times weekly, with duration of 150 minutes per week decreases interleukin-6 level and increases lymphocyte count in leprosy reaction patient.

Correlation of Total Body Fat and Physical Fitness Index in Medical Students of Universitas Islam Indonesia Firdaus, Lidya Sabilla; Pramaningtyas, Miranti Dewi; Nugraha, Zainuri Sabta
Sains Medika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 12, No 2 (2021): July-December 2021
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran; Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA)

The World Health Organization suggests that total body fat is one of the main risk factors for metabolic syndrome which is the most significant cause of morbidity and mortality in the world. The excessive fat mass harms the function of the heart, lowers the oxygen uptake by working muscles. Excess of body fat may decrease physical fitness. This research aims to know the correlation of total body fat with physical fitness index in medical students of Universitas Islam Indonesia. This research used a cross-sectional study design. The research subjects consisted of 45 male medical students of Universitas Islam of Indonesia under 25 years old. Total body fat of its subject is measured by Bioelectrical impedance analysis method (Karada scan), while physical fitness index is measured by the Harvard Step Test. This study is tested by Spearman correlation. Mean of TBF (%) value was 23.68 ± 6.29. Mean of physical fitness index levels was 60.05 ± 31.27. Spearman correlation test has a result r = -0.314 with a significance of p = 0.038 (p<0.05), that means total body fat and physical fitness index has a significant negative correlation. There was a significant negative correlation between total body fat and physical fitness index

Comparison Between The Efficacy of Fentanyl Continuous Infusion and Intratechal Morphine for Pain After Cesarean Section Putro, Prabowo Wicaksono Yuwono; Nasihun, Taufiqurrachman
Sains Medika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 8, No 2 (2017): July-December 2017
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran; Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA)

Background: Intrathecal morphine has been shown to be effective for pain after cesarean section with possible side effect including delayed respiratory depression, nausea vomiting and pruritus. Fentanyl continuous infusion fixed base infusion rate with disposable elastomeric pump is an alternative to intrathecal morphine but has not been been widely studied.Objective: to compare the effectiveness between fentanyl continuous infusion fixed base infusion rate using disposable elastomeric pump and intrathecal morphine.Methods: in a Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT), 56 patients meeting the inclusion criteria were divided into two groups: Morphine group (n=28): spinal anesthesia 10 mg Bupivacaine Heavy 0.5% + 100 mcg morphine; Fentanyl group (n=28): spinal anesthesia 10 mg Bupivacaine Heavy 0.5% + fentanyl continuous infusion 0.5 mcg/kg BW/hour using disposable elastomeric pump after delivery. Data analysis: Mann-Whitney test at the level of significance p<0.05.Results: Analgesic effect of Fentanyl group was as effective as that of Morphine group. NRS score difference was significant only in measurement taken 6 hours after surgery (p=0.034). Mean NRS score for Morphine and Fentanyl were 68±1.02 and 1.11±0.832, respectively. Both group were effective in preventing increased cortisol level measured 6 hours after surgery, mean value group Morphine and Fentanyl were 15.053±8.664 and12.162±8.623, respectively.There were no statistical significant difference between groups (p=0.114). No significant difference in side effect between the groups was found.Conclusion: Fentanyl continuous infusion 0.5 mcg/kg BW/hour using disposable elastomeric pump is as effective as intrathecal morphine 100 mcg/kg BW/hour

The Effects of Chronic Exposure to Airport Related Noise on Blood Pressure (A Case Study of area nearby Ahmad Yani International Airport, Semarang) Afnita, Hani; Poerwito S., Poerwito S.; Muhtarom, Muhtarom
Sains Medika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 5, No 2 (2013): July-December 2013
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran; Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA)

The chronic exposure of airport related noise can lead to decreased quality of health and is a risk faktor of disease. Noise can stimulate physiological response to cardiovascular parameters such as blood pressure. The increase in blood pressure can be used as indicator of disturbance of the cardiovascular system. Ahmad Yani Airport is an international airport with a high mobility, thus people living near, are susceptible and have a risk for decreased quality health. Thus, the purposes of this study was to determine the effects of chronic noise exposure of airport related noise on the blood pressure. The study was an observational analytic cross-sectional study. This research was conducted in the area near Ahmad Yani Airport in Semarang, which is located on Perumahan Cakarawala (Â± 1000m) and Perumahan Semarang Indah (Â± 5000m). Total of 60 respondents were randomly included in the study. Noise is measured with a Sound Level Meter (SLM) Extech Type 70 335 with Leq measurement method (Equivalent Continous Noise Level) for 24 hours (Lsm). The preliminary questionnaire was distributed to fulfill the criteria of inclusion and exclusion. The blood pressures were evaluated using the mercury Spygmomanometer, before and after exposure (flight activity). Data were analyzed with dependent t test. Noise measurements indicated that the Perumahan Cakrawala II had ahigh noise exposure above the noise level standards (NAB) of 69 dBA (Lsm > NAB 55dBA), while the Perumahan Semarang Indah has noise exposure at 51 dBA below the NAB. The results indicated that the chronic noise exposure of flight activity had significant effect on blood pressure (p = 0.00). The increase in blood pressure among Perumahan Cakrawala II respondents was higher (systolic: by 83.3%), diastolic: by 59.9%) compared to Perumahan Semarang Indah (systolic: by 69.9%, diastolic : by 49,9%). In conclusion, exposure to chronic noise due to flight activity significantly affected blood pressure.

Soursop (Annona Muricata, Linn) Leaf Ethanol Extract Cream Application Affected the Expression of TNF-α and VEGF on Balb/C Mice Skin Exposed to Acute UVB Susanto, Agus; Nasihun, Taufiqurrachman; Hussaana, Atina
Sains Medika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 9, No 2 (2018): July-December 2018
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran; Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA)

Background: Wound healing problems are often associated with TNF-α and VEGF expressions. However, the benefits and effects of ethanol extract cream from soursop leaves towards TNF-α and VEGF expression for burns healing process are yet to be known. Objective: To evaluate the benefits and influence of ethanol extract cream from soursop leaves in decreasing TNF-α expression and stimulate VEGF expression in BALB/c mice exposed to acute UVB radiation. Method: This study is a laboratory-based experimental study with post test only control group design. The subjects were 48 BALB/c female mice, divided into 24 subjects for TNF-α and 24 for the VEGF group, and were randomly distributed into 4 groups in each study, with each group containing 6 BALB/c mice. Group K was smeared with a base cream of 0.3 grams three times daily, while P1, P2 and P3 groups were each applied 0.3 grams of ethanol extract with consecutive consentrations of 2.5%, 5%, and 10% three times daily. On the sixth day, termination was performed on 24 mice to assess Tnf-α expression and on the eighth day also termination on 24 mice to assess VEGF expression. Preparation of substances was done using IHC method, analyzed using Kruskal Wallis test followed by Mann Whitney test.Results: The results of TNF-a and VEGF expression analysis based on Kruskal Wallis test obtained a p value of 0.0001 (p<0.05) showing that the mean expression of TNF-a and VEGF among the four groups ware significantly different. Mann Whitney test results revealed that the differences in expression of TNF-a and VEGF between the two groups were all significant differences (p<0.05). The mean TNF-a expression in the three treatment groups (PI, PII, PIII) ware significantly lower than the control group. The mean TNF-a expression in the PII and PIII treatment groups ware significantly lower than in the PI group, and the mean TNF-a expression in the PIII treatment group was significantly lower than the PII group. The mean VEGF expression in the three treatment groups (PI, PII, PIII) ware significantly higher than the control group. The mean VEGF expression in the PII and PIII treatment groups ware significantly higher than the PI group, and the mean VEGF expression in the PIII treatment group was significantly higher than in the PII group.Conclusion: Ethanol creams made of soursop leaves extract is proven to be useful and decreasing TNF-α expression and increase VEGF expression in BALB/c mice exposed to acute UVB rays.Keywords: Ethanol cream of soursop leaves extract, TNF-α expression, VEGF expression

Relationship between Risk Factors and Drug Use among Female Prisoners in Semarang Prison between 2012 and 2013 Ahmadi NH, Ahmadi NH; Fitri, Ratna; Elly NH, Elly NH
Sains Medika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 5, No 1 (2013): January-June 2013
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran; Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA)

Drugs abuse is a complex problem facing family and society. Drug abuse cases have long long been recognized. in Indoneisia the cases started to gain public attention in 1969. Today, the similiar cases are increasing in number. There have been more number cases and type of drugs abused (multiple drugs). The Risk factors for drug abuse vary among individuals and involve several factors namely individual, environment and drugs. The interaction of the three factors leads to the drug abuse. To cope with that, a holistic approach is needed. This study was aimed at dinding out the risk factors for drug abuse among women serving in women prison of Semarang due to drug abuse. In this cross-sectional study, chi square test was applied to assess the correlation between the risk factors and the drug abuse. Cooficient contigency was applied to evaluate the degree of correlation among variables. The result showed that out of 273 women prisoners, 176 were drug abusers. The individual factors of enxiety had a normal possitive correlation with drug abuse with a weak correlation (p<0,05, r=0,221.)

Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Interleukin-8 (IL-8), and Tumor Necrosis FactorAlpha (TNF-a): Their Role in the Development and Metastasis of Tumor Cells Adnyana, I Gede Angga
Sains Medika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 10, No 2 (2019): July-December 2019
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran; Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA)

ABSTRACT: Cancer is a disease caused by uncontrolled and excessive cell division. The death caused by cancer is largely due to the cancer cell metastasis process. Cancer metastasis process is a consequence of molecules signaling pathways and interactions amongst cells in the body. Molecules involved and attributable to cancer metastasis are IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α. This article aimed to describe the roles of IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α in the process of various cancer cases.

Improvements Glutation Levels in the Hippocampus of Aged and Oxidative-Stressed Rats by Supplementation of Alanine-Glutamine Dipeptide Sunarno, Sunarno; Manalu, Wasmen; Kusumorini, Nastiti; Agungpriyono, Dewi Ratih
Sains Medika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 4, No 1 (2012): Januari-Juni 2012
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran; Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA)

Background: Physiological aging or aging due to oxidative stress causes to disruption of glutathione homeostasis of the hippocampus. Disruption of glutathione homeostasis characterized by a decrease in hippocampus glutathione levels below the normal threshold. Decreased levels of glutathione in the hippocampus was demonstrated decreased hippocampus function. One way to increase glutathione levels in the hippocampus and the function of hippocampus is to increase the concentrations of glutathione precursor. One of the glutathione precursors is alanine-glutamine dipeptide. This research was designed to obtain the most effective level of alanine-glutamine dipeptide supplementation to improve glutathione synthesis in the hippocampus of aged and oxidative-stressed rats. The highest glutathione concentrations in the hippocampus showed the best improvement on the hippocampus function in physiological aging or oxidative-stress aging rats.Design and Methods: The experimental rats were assigned into a completely randomized design with 2x2x4 factorial arrangement. The first factor was the age of the experimental rats, consisted of two levels i.e., 12 and 24 months. The second factor was oxidative stress consisted of two levels, i.e., without or with oxidative stress. The third factor was the level of alanine-glutamine dipeptide administration consisted of 4 concentrations, i.e. 0%, 3%, 5%, and 7%.Results: The results showed that administration of 7% alanine-glutamine dipeptide has resulted the highest levels of glutathione hippocampus in younger (0.0154 mg/mg tissue) or aged (0.0140 mg/mg tissue) rats or in normal (0.0150 mg/mg tissue) and in oxidative-stressed (0.0144 mg/mg tissue) rats. The increased hippocampus glutathione levels were associated to the improved functions of the hippocampus. Conclusion: alanine-glutamine dipeptide administration of 7% consentrations gave the best results on repair function of the hippocampus and has the potential to slow aging, both physiological aging or oxidative-stress aging rats (Sains Medika, 4(1):1-12).

Students Perceptions on the quality of clinical supervision among the 12 affiliated hospital of Medical Faculty of UNISSULA Rahmawatie, Dian Apriliana; Rahayu, Gandes Retno; Prihatiningsih, Titi Savitri
Sains Medika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 3, No 2 (2011): Juli-Desember 2011
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran; Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA)

Background: Clinical supervision has a vital role in the learning process of undergraduate medical education because it may improve the studentâ€™s clinical performance of the students. Supervision is a complex activity and covers wide variety of applications. Medical faculty of Islamic Sultan Agung University has 15 affiliated hospitals for its clinical education. To assure the quality of the clinical program, an evaluation on the quality of clinical program is required. This study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of the clinical supervision among the 12 affiliated hospitals.Design and Methods: This study involved 181 students of clinical internship of the year 2003, 2004 and 2005 of medical faculty of Islamic Sultan Agung University having the clinical rotation at the stage of surgery, obsgyn, pediatrics, internal medicine, ENT, neurology, dermatology and venerology, psychiatry, across the affiliated hospitals. The subject were divided into groups based on the hospital they were placed. Clinical Teaching Effectiveness Instrument (CTEI) adapted in bahasa Indonesia was used. The Descriptive and Kruskal-Wallis test were applied for the data analysis.Results: Means of the effectiveness of clinical supervision for 12 affiliated hospitals ranged from 3.25 to 4.02. Kruskal-Wallis test resulted in the value of Chi-S=13.32 and p=0.27.Conclusion: Over all the clinical supervision for the 12 affiliated hospitals is perceived good and shows no significant difference. However the practice of clinical supervision varies among the hospitals (Sains Medika, 3(2):135-149).

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