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Journal Of Carbazon
Published by Universitas Syiah Kuala
ISSN : 29885744     EISSN : 29885744     DOI : 10.24815/jocarbazon
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Materials Science & Nanotechnology
Journal of Carbazon is a journal published by Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, USK Banda Aceh. The journal aims to disseminate cutting-edge research in all areas of chemistry both theoretical and experimental studies. Journal of Carbazon provides readers with original research articles and reviews. We welcome articles coming from Indonesia and overseas, capturing the rapid development of chemistry, including: Theoretical and computation chemistry Environmental chemistry Material, composite and polymer chemistry Organic synthesis and natural product chemistry Inorganic Chemistry Food and medical chemistry Biochemistry Analytical chemistry The author is solely responsible for the content of published articles and understood that submitted work is based on original results which has not been published previously. All accepted articles are reviewed by a team of experts.
Arjuna Subject : Kimia(semua kategori) - Kimia (Lain-Lain)
Articles 10 Documents
 1 
The antinematicidal activity of vitamin E and its derivatives on Sterinernema feltieae Khairan Khairan; Rinaldi Idroes; Murniana Murniana; Muhammad Diah
Journal of Carbazon Vol 1, No 2 (2023): December 2023
Publisher : University of Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jocarbazon.v2i1.35776

Abstract

Vitamin E is found naturally in some foods, and also available as a dietary supplement. "Vitamin E" is the fat-soluble compounds with distinctive antioxidant activities. The vitamin E acts as an antioxidant, which protects cell membranes. Sterinernema feltieae was selected as a test organism is because this organism is a complex organism and can be used as a model for whole organisms. The objective of this study is to evaluate the activity of vitamin E and its derivatives on Sterinernema feltieae. The results showed that the derivative of vitamin E (C37H55NO3) was most active against S. feltiae with the LD50 value was 207.77 μM, followed by vitamin E (C29H50O2) with the LD50 value was 209.09 μM. These results indicated that derivative of vitamin E (C37H55NO3) exerts more potent toxicity than vitamin E against Sterinernema feltieae.  
Polyurethane Membranes From Red Seaweeds For Ammonia Adsorption Nurul Kamila; Marlina Marlina; Irfan Mustafa; Salfauqi Nurman; Saiful Saiful
Journal of Carbazon Vol 1, No 1 (2023): June 2023
Publisher : University of Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jokarbazon.v1i1.32874

Abstract

Polyurethane (PU) membranes were prepared from red seaweed (Gracilaria sp.), castor oil, Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI), and added benzoyl peroxide (BPO) additive to improve membrane performance. The membrane is applied for the adsorption of ammonia in the solution. FT-IR analysis showed the presence of functional group N = C = O at a wavenumber of 2276 cm-1 and the O-H functional group at a wave number of 3373.50 cm-1, indicating the urethane group's formation has been formed during membrane polymerization. SEM images showed the morphological structure of the PU membrane, where the more open structure of the PU membrane by the addition of BPO. The DSC and TGA results showed the membrane's thermal stability with the addition of BPO. The PU membrane has an optimum contact time for ammonia uptake of 40 minutes. The adsorption isotherm of ammonia by the PU membrane follows the Freundlich isotherm model. The adsorption capacity of the PU membrane with the addition of BPO additives was 13.2 mg/g,  which shows that the adsorption capacity of the PU-BPO membrane has a better performance than a membrane without the addition of the BPO. The PU-BPO membrane could be used as an alternative method of ammonia removal.
Antioxidant Activity and Toxicity Tests of Panahan Leaf Extract (Ayapana triplinervis (Vahl) RM) against Shrimp Larvae ( Artemia salina Leach) Daniel Daniel; Maygusten Maygusten; Rahmat Gunawan; Agustina Rahayu Magdaleni
Journal of Carbazon Vol 1, No 2 (2023): December 2023
Publisher : University of Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jocarbazon.v2i1.35260

Abstract

Research on the antioxidant activity test and toxicity test of leaf extract (Ayapana triplinervis (ValH) RM) has been conducted against the larval shrimp (Artemia salina Leach). The dried leaves weighing 500 grams were macerated using methanol, filtered, and concentrated using a rotary evaporator. Methanol crude extract was fractionated with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol water. Based on Test Phytochemicals screening on secondary metabolites showed that the crude extract of methanol, n-hexane fraction, and methanol-water containing secondary metabolites alkaloids, flavonoids, and phenolic in ethyl acetate fraction of the content of secondary metabolites, alkaloids, and flavonoids, and the fraction of n-hexane and ethyl acetate contain steroids. In contrast, the crude extract of methanol and n-hexane fraction contains phenolic compounds. Test mortality of shrimp larvae (Brine Shrimp Lethality Test) showed mortality of shrimp larvae (Artemia salina Leach) using Probit analysis (SAS) to determine the value of 50% Lethal Concentration (LC50). In this test, the most active is the methanol crude extract of archery leaves, with a value of 18.8608 ppm, in a test of antioxidant activity using DPPH free radical reduction in the spectrophotometer and IC50 values obtained. In methanol crude extract was 430.73 ppm; n-hexane fraction was 168.5 ppm; ethyl acetate fraction was 114.87 ppm; and methanol-water fraction was 37.23 ppm
Uncovering the Endogenous Bacteria Involved in the Synthesis of Formaldehyde in Tiger Grouper Fish (Epinephelus fuscoguttaus) Elly Sufriadi; Hira Helwati; Nurfahmi Nurfahmi
Journal of Carbazon Vol 1, No 1 (2023): June 2023
Publisher : University of Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jokarbazon.v1i1.32844

Abstract

This study aimed to isolate and identify specific bacteria responsible for the conversion of trimethylamine oxide (TMAO) into formaldehyde in tiger grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus). The gastrointestinal tract of tiger grouper specimens was sampled, and bacterial colonies were isolated using nutrient agar (NA) and screened on TMAO media. Bacterial isolates capable of producing formaldehyde were identified. The implications of these findings extend to food safety, scientific research, medical diagnostics, and industrial applications. Further investigation is needed to elucidate the enzymatic pathways and genetic factors associated with formaldehyde production in these bacteria. Evaluation of the antibacterial compound production capability revealed inhibitory zones against Escherichia coli, indicating the potential for bactericidal properties. Gram staining and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were employed to characterize the formaldehyde-producing bacteria, revealing their gram-positive nature and rod-shaped morphology. This study provides insights into the role of specific bacteria in formaldehyde production, paving the way for future research and applications in various fields.
Identification and Analysis of Meat Species Using Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS): A Review Khairunnas Ahmad; Saiful Saiful; Syahrun Nur; Muhammad Iqhrammullah; Febriani Febriani
Journal of Carbazon Vol 1, No 2 (2023): December 2023
Publisher : University of Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jocarbazon.v2i1.35080

Abstract

The high price of beef and its processed products has led to many cases of adulteration with pork, resulting in issues related to halal food assurance. Therefore, it is crucial to conduct identification and analysis of the types of meat used in order to maintain food halalness. One of the methods currently advancing in the identification and analysis of meat types is Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS). The aim of this study is to determine the capability of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) in identifying and analyzing various types of meat. The study results indicate that the Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) method is capable of identifying and analyzing meat types with simple sample preparation and accurate outcomes compared to other methods such as Real Time-PCR, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), Electronic Nose System, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Raman spectroscopy. The Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) method can be combined with various chemometric methods such as PCA, PLS, and MSC. Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) can identify and analyze various types of meat with an accuracy of up to 100% in shrimp and clams mixed sample. In conclusion, the combination of LIBS and chemometric methods demonstrates promising results in identifying and analyzing meat types.
Garlic Mixed Olive Oil Cream Formulation and Its Activity Against A Clinical Isolate of Staphylococcus aureus Khairan Khairan; Ifrah Zahraty; Rinaldi Idroes
Journal of Carbazon Vol 1, No 1 (2023): June 2023
Publisher : University of Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jokarbazon.v1i1.32825

Abstract

Garlic or Allium sativum is known containing of organosulphur compounds. These compounds are known have potential as antimicrobial, antivirus, and anticancer. The purpose of this study is to determine the activity of garlic mixed olive oil (GMO2) cream against the clinical isolate of Staphylococcus aureus and its evaluation by observing the organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, spread ability, stickiness, and viscosity. The result showed that GMO2 was able to inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria at concentrations of 25 and 50 mg/ml. Meanwhile, the formulation of GMO2 cream at concentration 25 mg/ml was done by poisoned food method showed no activity against clinical isolate of Staphylococcus aureus. In this study, vanishing cream was used as negative control. The evaluation of GMO2 cream at concentration of 25 mg/mL has stability in organoleptic and homogeneity after the cycling test. The pH value of GMO2 cream was approximately equal to vanishing cream. The results of spread ability and stickiness tests indicated that GMO2 cream had the spreading and sticking strength which satisfied with the standard cream in range 5-7 and 4 respectively. The viscosity value of GMO2 cream were decreased after the cycling test. The stability test result showed that of GMO2 cream was stable after the cycling test.
Bioactive Compounds in Barangan Banana Peel (Musa acuminata Colla.) as an Alternative for Antibacterial Drug Development Mariany Razali; Juhardi Sembiring; Muhammad Taufik
Journal of Carbazon Vol 1, No 2 (2023): December 2023
Publisher : University of Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jocarbazon.v2i1.36402

Abstract

Barangan banana (Musa acuminata Colla.) is one of the banana varieties which is often found in Indonesia and is widely consumed so that banana peels become organic waste and need to be processed further. The novelty of this research is to prove the antibacterial activity of the ethanol extract contained in banana peels on the Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria which is supported by the GCMS instrument to show the active compounds contained which can be used in the development of anti-bacterial drugs. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen that is widespread and inhabits the homeland and environments in contact with humans and animals. These bacteria can attack infections of the skin, blood, lungs and digestive tract. The ethanol extract was tested against Pseudomonas aeruginosa using the agar well diffusion method. the compounds contained in the samples were analyzed using Phytochemical Test obtained alkaloids, flavonoid, terpenoids, steroids, saponins and tannins were obtained. There are six active compounds:    Palmitinic acid (C16H32O2), Cyclopentanol acetate (C7H12O2), 1-(2-Thienyl) Ethanone oxime (C6H7NOS), 2-Furancarboxaldehyde (C5H4O2),  4H-Pyran-4-one, 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl- (C6H8O4), and 2(3H)-Furanone, 5-methyl- (C5H6O2) with percent area respectively : 3,49, 12,60, 26,46, 20,85, 3,82, and 2,98 %. Antibacterial activity with inhibition zone diameters at concentrations of 100, 50, 25, and 12.5 mg/ml were 12.80, 10.70, 5.00 and 2.00 mm, respectively. This work will advance the development of antimicrobial drugs.
The Effect of Antioxidants of α-Tocopherol on the Characteristic of Mechanical, Thermal, and Morphology Properties of Polypropylene-Montmorillonite (PP-MMT) Nanocomposites Julinawati Julinawati; Rahmi Rahmi; Kartika MZ.; Irfan Mustafa; Suryati Suryati
Journal of Carbazon Vol 1, No 1 (2023): June 2023
Publisher : University of Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jokarbazon.v1i1.32812

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of α-tocopherol on the mechanical, thermal, and morphological properties of polypropylene-montmorillonite (PP-MMT) nanocomposites. The preparation of polypropylene-montmorillonite (PP-MMT-AO) nanocomposites was carried out on PP compositions; PP-g-MA; MMT-octadecyl amine; AO is 80;10;10;5 and the PP-MMT nanocomposite composition is PP; PP-g-MA; MMT-Octadecyl amine: 80;10;10. The SEM results showed that polypropylene, MMT, and the antioxidant α-tocopherol could be exfoliated and intercalated to produce compatible nanocomposites. The mechanical and thermal test results showed that the PP-MMT-AO nanocomposite had higher mechanical properties and thermal stability than the PP-MMT nanocomposite. Based on the FTIR test and degradation test on PP-MMT and PP-MMT-AO films which were carried out for up to 15 days and 30 days showed that the PP-MMT-AO nanocomposite against UV light was given, this shows that α-Tocopherol can prevent oxidation reactions polypropylene.
Development of Solid State Reference Electrode Based on Polypyrrole (PPy) and Screen Printed Electrode (SPE) Sagir Alva; Mas’ud Asadullah; Vivi Friliandita; Deni Shidqi Khaerudini
Journal of Carbazon Vol 1, No 2 (2023): December 2023
Publisher : University of Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jocarbazon.v2i1.36417

Abstract

In this study, a Polypyrrole doped KCl/KCl saturated (PPy-Cl/KCl) reference electrode had been successfully developed. In this development process, the PPy-Cl/KCl reference electrode that had been provided consisted of two stages of refinement, specifically the PPy-Cl/KCl 1 reference electrode which became the PPy-Cl/KCl 2 reference electrode. Furthermore, the PPy-Cl/KCl 2 SRE was made into 3 types with cycle variations of 10, 15, and 20 cycles and the mV response value test and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) test were carried out. Regarding the variation results, PPy-Cl/KCl 2 SRE was obtained with 15 cycles as the best PPy-Cl/KCl 2 reference electrode with ∆mV value of 3.43 mV. Subsequently, the PPy-Cl/KCl 2 SRE with 15 cycles was involved in the characterization test using cyclic voltammetry (CV) testing, response testing vs Cl sensors and drift testing. In the CV testing, the PPy-Cl/KCl 2 SRE with 15 cycles indicated a voltammogram graphic pattern similar to the Ag/AgCl reference electrode as a commercial reference electrode. Moreover, in the response testing vs the Cl sensor, the PPy-Cl/KCl 2 SRE with 15 cycles provided a Nernstian number value of -54.5 mV/s with a testing range of 0.1-104 M, and in the PPy-Cl/SRE drift testing, KCl 2 with 15 cycles indicated fairly good stability, particularly with a drift value of 1 mV/minute which was achieved after the conditioning process after 3.5 minutes.
Isolation and Screening of Endophytic Fungi from Soursop (Annona muricata L.) Leaves: Potential Sources of Antimicrobial Compounds Nurhaida Nurhaida; Murniana Murniana; Bella Septie Amrina; Syarifah AB Rasyid
Journal of Carbazon Vol 1, No 1 (2023): June 2023
Publisher : University of Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jokarbazon.v1i1.32733

Abstract

Endophytic fungi, which reside within plant tissues, offer a unique ecological perspective due to their mutually beneficial relationship with host plants. Soursop (Annona muricata L.) leaves, known for their medicinal properties, contain bioactive compounds that may be produced by endophytic fungi. This study aimed to isolate endophytic fungi from soursop leaves and evaluate their potential as antimicrobial compound producers. Twenty endophytic fungal isolates were obtained from soursop leaves using Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) supplemented with leaf extract. Out of these isolates, eight demonstrated antimicrobial activity against the tested microorganisms. Notably, the extract produced by SLE16 exhibited inhibitory effects against Gram-negative bacteria, while isolates SLE7, SLE8, and SLE14 showed antifungal activity against Candida albicans. Furthermore, isolates SLE18, SLE19, and SLE20 displayed significant inhibition of Trichophyton rubrum growth. The extracellular extracts derived from these endophytic fungi exhibited hydrophilic properties and formed inhibition zones larger than 15 mm, indicating their potential as antimicrobial compounds. These findings highlight the potential of endophytic fungi isolated from soursop leaves as valuable sources of novel antimicrobial compounds

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