Jurnal Kedokteran Diponegoro
JKD : JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DIPONEGORO ( ISSN : 2540-8844 ) adalah jurnal yang berisi tentang artikel bidang kedokteran dan kesehatan karya civitas akademika dari Program Studi Kedokteran Umum, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Diponegoro Semarang dan peneliti dari luar yang membutuhkan publikasi . JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DIPONEGORO terbit empat kali per tahun. JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DIPONEGORO diterbitkan oleh Program Studi Kedokteran Umum, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Diponegoro Semarang.
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<![CDATA[Risk Factors Of Stunting In Children Aged 12-59 Months In The Working Area Of The Langara Puskesmas District, Konawe Islands, 2022 ]]>
<![CDATA[Martri Wulan]]>;
<![CDATA[Wa Ode Salma]]>;
<![CDATA[I Putu Sudayasa]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Kedokteran Diponegoro (Diponegoro Medical Journal) Vol 12, No 6 (2023): JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DIPONEGORO (DIPONEGORO MEDICAL JOURNAL) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.14710/dmj.v12i6.39065
<![CDATA[Background: Stunting is a global health problem because it increases the risk of morbidity and mortality in children. Indonesia is the third largest country in Southeast Asia with the number of cases (21.6%), while the Konawe Islands Regency (32.2%). Objective: To analyze the factors that influence the incidence of stunting in toddlers in the working area of the Langara Public Health Center, Konawe Islands Regency. Methods: This study used a case-control study design with a total sample of 112 respondents consisting of 56 cases and 56 controls. Samples were taken using simple random sampling technique, where control cases have the same right to be respondents. Measuring tools used to measure stunting are the Infantometer/Length board and microtoise, chronic energy deficiency is measured using maternal and child health books, while social status is measured using a questionnaire that has been tested for validity and reliability. The results of variable measurements were then analyzed using the odds ratio test. Results: history of maternal chronic energy deficiency (p = 0.013; OR = 3.316; 95% CI = 1.256-8.750), socioeconomic (p = 0.007; OR = 2.885; 95% CI = 1.319-6.307). Conclusion: chronic energy shortages, and socio-economic risk of stunting in toddlers in the work area of the Langara Public Health Center, Konawe District, Islands ]]>
<![CDATA[The Difference of Risk Factors Between Mild and Moderate-Severe Refractive Errors in Pediatric Patients at the Diponegoro National Hospital ]]>
<![CDATA[Rizky Fitriani]]>;
<![CDATA[Trilaksana Nugroho]]>;
<![CDATA[Arnila Novitasari Saubig]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Kedokteran Diponegoro (Diponegoro Medical Journal) Vol 12, No 6 (2023): JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DIPONEGORO (DIPONEGORO MEDICAL JOURNAL) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.14710/dmj.v12i6.40851
<![CDATA[Background: Refractive errors are the leading cause of visual impairment and the second leading cause of blindness worldwide. The incidence of refractive errors in children in Indonesia and in the world is quite high. The incidence of refractive errors can be triggered by several risk factors, including genetics, age, gender, close-range activities, use of electronic devices, and outdoor activities. Objective: Knowing the difference in risk factors between mild and moderatesevere refractive errors in pediatric patients at the Diponegoro National Hospital.Methods: This type of research is an analytic observational study with a cross sectional approach. Data were taken using a consecutive sampling technique from questionnaires and medical records of pediatric patients in the 2018-2021 period. The research subjects were 57 people who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were analyzed by univariate and bivariate analysis using Chi-Square and Mann Whitney analysis. Results: The research subjects were dominated by the age of 16-18 years (63.2%), female gender (68.4%), types of myopia disorders (57.9%), and mild degrees (66.7%). The results of the Chi-Square analysis showed that there was a significant difference in reading distance (p=0.000), reading position (p=0.035), duration of use of electronic devices (p=0.031), and duration of outdoor activities (p=0.042) between mild and moderatesevere degrees. Conclusion: There are significant differences in reading distance, reading position, duration of use of electronic devices, and duration of outdoor activities between mild and moderate-severe refractive errors in pediatric patients at the Diponegoro National Hospital.]]>
<![CDATA[The Effect of Moringa Leaf Extract (moringa oleifera) on the Microscopic Structure of the Lungs of Male Wistar Rats Given Inhalation of E-cigarette Liquid Vapor ]]>
<![CDATA[Alif Akbar Bialangi]]>;
<![CDATA[Akhmad Ismail]]>;
<![CDATA[Ratna Damma Purnawati]]>;
<![CDATA[Farmaditya Eka Putra Mundhofir]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Kedokteran Diponegoro (Diponegoro Medical Journal) Vol 12, No 6 (2023): JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DIPONEGORO (DIPONEGORO MEDICAL JOURNAL) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.14710/dmj.v12i6.39824
<![CDATA[Background: Moringa leaf extract is proven to have high antioxidant bioactive compounds and acts as an anti-inflammatory and prevents cell damage due to exposure to free radicals or oxidative. In the respiratory system exposed to Electronic Delivery Nicotine System liquid vapor, an inflammatory response and oxidative stress occur. Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of Moringa leaf extract (Moringa oleifera) on the microscopic structure of the lungs of male Wistar rats given inhalation of e-cigarette liquid vapor. Methods: This research is an experimental laboratory with Post Test Only Control Group Design. Rats were divided into 4 groups containing 6 rats in each group, determined based on simple random sampling with the following divisions: Aquadest 3 mL (K1), gave inhalation of liquid vapours of electric cigarettes (K2), gave inhalation of liquid vapours of electric cigarettes + Moringa leaf extract with the dekoxy method dose of 500 mg/kgBW (P1), administration of vapor inhalation of e-cigarette liquid + Moringa leaf extract with the dekoxy method at a dose of 500 mg/kgBW (P2). Termination of the experimental animals was carried out on the 15th day and the rat pulmonary organs were taken to assess the microscopic structure of the rat lung. Results: The results of the Kruskal-Wallis test and continued with the Mann-Whitney test showed a significant difference (p < 0.05), however, there was no significant difference in the degree of pulmonary damage in the P1 to P2 groups. Conclusion: There is an effect of Moringa leaf extract (Moringa oleifera) on the microscopic structure of the lungs of male Wistar rats given inhalation of liquid vapor of electric cigarettes. ]]>
<![CDATA[The Effect of Moringa oleifera Extract on Histopathological of Mice Testes Exposed by Monosodium Glutamate ]]>
<![CDATA[Regenio Akira Handoyo]]>;
<![CDATA[Indah Saraswati]]>;
<![CDATA[Arufiadi Anityo Mochtar]]>;
<![CDATA[Desy Armalina]]>;
<![CDATA[Ika Pawitra Miranti]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Kedokteran Diponegoro (Diponegoro Medical Journal) Vol 12, No 6 (2023): JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DIPONEGORO (DIPONEGORO MEDICAL JOURNAL) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.14710/dmj.v12i6.37311
<![CDATA[Background: Monosodium glutamate (MSG) consumption in excess can have an impact on a man's fertility and lead to infertility. MSG has the potential to produce free radicals, which can harm cells. Antioxidants can fight off free radicals. Exogenous antioxidants are required to maintain equilibrium since there will be an imbalance if the body produces more free radicals than endogenous antioxidants. Exogenous antioxidants flavonoids are present in the leaves of the Moringa plant (Moringa oleifera L). It is thought that flavonoids have 4-5 times more antioxidant potential than vitamins. Objectives: To evaluate how moringa leaf extract affects the histopathological profile of MSG-exposed mouse testes. Methods: Only the posttest was used as a control group in this study. 25 male mice were used as the sample, and they were split up into five groups. The treatment group 1 (P1) received 6 g/day of MSG exposure + 300 mg/kg BW/day of moringa leaf extract, the treatment group 2 (P2) received 6 g/day of MSG exposure + 600 mg/kg BW/day of moringa leaf extract, and the treatment group 3 (P3) received 6 g/day of MSG exposure + 1200 mg/kg BW/day of moringa leaf extract. The control group (K-) received only standard feed. The mice were put to death after 30 days. The testes were removed for histological examination using hematoxylin-eosin staining, and the Johnsen scoring criteria were applied to their evaluation. Results: The data were not significant according to the Shapiro-Wilk test in the P3 group (MSG 6 g/day + Moringa Extract 1200 mg/kg BW/day). The Kruskal-Wallis test revealed that there was no significant difference between the seminiferous tubules according to the treatment group (p = 0.117). Conclusion: Moringa oleifera leaf extract protects the histopathological picture of the testes of male mice compared to the group given monosodium glutamate. ]]>
<![CDATA[Correlation Between Duration of Screen Time and Method of Handling Smartphone Towards The Incidence of De Quervain’s Syndrome among The Medical Students of Diponegoro University. ]]>
<![CDATA[Indra Hidayat]]>;
<![CDATA[Erna Setiawati]]>;
<![CDATA[Tanti Ajoe Kesoema]]>;
<![CDATA[Rahmi Isma Asmara Putri]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Kedokteran Diponegoro (Diponegoro Medical Journal) Vol 12, No 6 (2023): JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DIPONEGORO (DIPONEGORO MEDICAL JOURNAL) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.14710/dmj.v12i6.39048
<![CDATA[Background: Smartphone with all of its benefits make the majority of its users become too attached with the device that can fulfil their various needs. Due to its accessibility, an increase of daily screen time has also been observed which may have negative impacts on health, one of them being De Quervain’s Syndrome. De Quervain’s Syndrome is a type of Repetitive Strain Injury, affecting the thumb and wrist caused by a repetitious activity that puts burden or trauma to the aforementioned body parts. Objective: To assess the correlation between duration of screen time and method of handling smartphone towards the incidence of De Quervain’s Syndrome among the medical students of Diponegoro University. Methods: This research used an analytical-observational approach with a cross-sectional design. The subjects were 113 students from the Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University that were obtained using consecutive sampling method. The correlation between duration of screen time and method of handling smartphone with the incidence of De Quervain’s Syndrome were performed using Spearman’s test. Results: A weak significant correlation was observed between the average duration of screen time towards the incidence of DQS pain on the right hand based on the DQST results (p=0.11), but no significant correlation was found between the same variables on the left hand (p=0,082). There is no significant correlation between the method of handling smartphones with the incidence DQS pain based on the DQST results, both on the right (p=0.93) and left (p=0.167) hands. Conclusion: Average duration of screen time was weakly correlated with the incidence DQS pain in the right hand, but no correlation was found in the left hand, based on DQST results, among the students from the Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University. No correlation was observed between the method of handling smartphones and the incidence of DQS among the students from the Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University.]]>
<![CDATA[Analysis of Comorbidities and Smoking History with The Incidence of Pulmonary Tuberculosis at Surakarta General Hospital ]]>
<![CDATA[Irlisa Rahma Warasti]]>;
<![CDATA[Windi Wulandari]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Kedokteran Diponegoro (Diponegoro Medical Journal) Vol 12, No 6 (2023): JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DIPONEGORO (DIPONEGORO MEDICAL JOURNAL) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.14710/dmj.v12i6.40479
<![CDATA[ Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that is the top cause of death worldwide. Indonesia has the second-highest tuberculosis incidence in the world after India. One of the risk factors for tuberculosis that is difficult to avoid is smoking and comorbidities associated with decreased body resistance. Surakarta Central General Hospital has excellent pulmonary disease services. The healthcare facility treated the highest number of registered and treated pulmonary Tuberculosis patients in Surakarta City in 2019-2021. Objective: This study aims to determine whether there is a relationship between comorbidities and smoking history and the incidence of Pulmonary Tuberculosis at the Surakarta Central General Hospital. Methods: This research was conducted at the Surakarta Central General Hospital in March 2022. Sample withdrawal was carried out using nonprobability sampling with a purposive sampling technique. The data sources used in this study include secondary data from medical records confirmed by primary data by interviewing and distributing questionnaires. This study is an observational quantitative study with a case-control research design. The sample of this study amounted to 96 people (48 case groups and 48 control groups). Data analysis using the chi-square test. Results: The results showed that there was an association between comorbidities (p=0.040; OR=3.541; 95%CI=1,160-10,808) and smoking history (p=0.048; OR=3.182; 95%CI=1,113-9,100) with the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis. Most patients were male, with the highest age range of 45-54, as many as 24 people, and 55-64 years, as many as 24. Most patients did not have a job (24 people) and had an income ≥ UMR (56 people). Patients' highest level of education was primary education (37 people). Conclusion: This study concludes an association between comorbidities and smoking history with the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Surakarta General Hospital.]]>
<![CDATA[Correlation between Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviour of Mothers about Exclusive Breastfeeding and Its Success Rate in Karangmulyo Village ]]>
<![CDATA[Alnaora Tanjinna Zulfihda]]>;
<![CDATA[Nurul Setiyorini]]>;
<![CDATA[Ari Budi Himawan]]>;
<![CDATA[Nahwa Arkhaesi]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Kedokteran Diponegoro (Diponegoro Medical Journal) Vol 12, No 6 (2023): JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DIPONEGORO (DIPONEGORO MEDICAL JOURNAL) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.14710/dmj.v12i6.38163
<![CDATA[Background: Exclusive breastfeeding (ASI) is a condition when the baby only receives breast milk from his mother or foster mother for the first 6 months. The rate of exclusive breastfeeding is 37% worldwide and 54.1% in Jakarta. Infants who are not breastfed are associated with an increased incidence of infectious morbidity. Knowledge is one of the basic factors that determine a person's reaction and decision-making when faced with a situation. Knowledge will bring up a person's attitude to determines the behavior or action to be taken. Aim: To know the relationship between mother’s knowledge, attitudes, and behavior about exclusive breastfeeding with the level of success. Methods: Analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design conducted for 2 months in Karangmulyo Village, Kendal Regency, Central Java. The research subjects consisted of 66 mothers who had children aged 6-24 months. Assessment is carried out on the level of knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of mothers regarding exclusive breastfeeding, as well as the success rate of exclusive breastfeeding. Data analysis used the Mann-Whitney test, Chi-square, and Fischer exact. Significant p<0.05. Results: Most mothers have a good level of knowledge (n=57), attitude (n=45), and a sufficient level of behavior (n=64) regarding exclusive breastfeeding. There was no significant result in the level of knowledge (p=0.528; 0.820), attitude (p=0.339; 1.000), behaviour (p=0.342; 0.515) with the success of exclusive breastfeeding. Conclusion: There is no relationship between the level of knowledge, attitudes, and behavior on the success of exclusive breastfeeding. ]]>
<![CDATA[Literature Review: The Role of Saffron (Crocus sativus L) in Cosmetic Dermatology ]]>
<![CDATA[Galih Sari Damayanti]]>;
<![CDATA[Puguh Riyanto]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Kedokteran Diponegoro (Diponegoro Medical Journal) Vol 12, No 6 (2023): JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DIPONEGORO (DIPONEGORO MEDICAL JOURNAL) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.14710/dmj.v12i6.40711
<![CDATA[Background : Crocus sativus L known as saffron is widely discussed in Indonesia. Although saffron has been used since ancient times for medicinal and cosmetic purposes, scientific research on the mechanism of saffron in its role in promoting skin health is lacking. Objectives : This literature review is to determine the role of saffron in cosmetic dermatology. Methods : This article is a narrative research. The library sources that used was carried out through the database Google Scholar, PubMed, and Cochrane. The article search does not limit study design or study level. All articles were searched from 2012 to June 2023. The study inclusion criteria included: data available in English and Indonesian. Exclusion criteria were articles on the benefits of using saffron in the other field of dermatology and the use of saffron in combination with other topical active ingredients. Results : There were 16 articles which meet the criterias. It was found that saffron play role in the cosmetic dermatology such as in skin aging, melasma, as a photoprotection agents, skin moisturizer, prevention and treatment of skin cancer, as well as preparation of cosmetic products. Saffron has antioxidant, antiinflammatory, antipigmentation, antiwrinkle, anticarcinogenic and photoprotective activities. Conclusion : Crocus sativus L is a natural ingredient that has the potential to be further developed into medicinal forms, both oral and topical preparations because it is proven to have various pharmacological effects that play role in the cosmetic dermatology.]]>
<![CDATA[Case Report : Chromoblastomycosis ]]>
<![CDATA[Melina Handayani]]>;
<![CDATA[Mohamad Mimbar Topik]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Kedokteran Diponegoro (Diponegoro Medical Journal) Vol 12, No 6 (2023): JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DIPONEGORO (DIPONEGORO MEDICAL JOURNAL) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.14710/dmj.v12i6.38536
<![CDATA[Background: Chromoblastomycosis is a recurring deep mycosis of the skin and subcutaneous towel. Clinical features are characterized by verrucous shrine lesions, especially in the lower extremities. This disease is usually preceded by trauma in the form of a wound which is the initial implantation of the fungus. The fungus will be implanted in the dermis and will infect the skin with the subcutaneous towel. Chromoblastomycosis is caused by a fungus from the Dematiaceae family. Although Chromoblastomycosis occurs worldwide, it is most common (>70%) in tropical and subtropical regions. Case Presentation: We present a case in which a 72-year-old man came to the dermatovenereology polyclinic with the main complaint of thickening of the skin in the plantar of the right leg, the surface is rough, the skin looks dry, it doesn't itch and it doesn't hurt, it gets worse over time, widened. Based on the histopathology, the appearance of the epidermis in the form of pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia, hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, microabscesses with neutrophil inflammatory cells, lymphocytes, multinucleated giant cells, and spores. In the dermis, microabscesses were found, and no necrosis was seen. Conclusion: The diagnosis was chromoblastomycosis. This patient was given oral antimycotic Itraconazole 2 x 200 mg/day. There was a clinical improvement.]]>
<![CDATA[Effects of Ethanol and Ethyl Acetate Extracts of Garlic (Allium sativum) on the Growth of Escherichia coli Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase ]]>
<![CDATA[Rohmatul Ulya]]>;
<![CDATA[Mega Pandu Arfiyanti]]>;
<![CDATA[Maya Dian Rakhmawatie]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Kedokteran Diponegoro (Diponegoro Medical Journal) Vol 12, No 6 (2023): JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DIPONEGORO (DIPONEGORO MEDICAL JOURNAL) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.14710/dmj.v12i6.40822
<![CDATA[ Background: The prevalence of Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESβL) Escherichia coli has increased by 0.91 – 2.31% per year and causes β-lactam antibiotics to be useless. Natural medicines such as garlic can be used to treat antibiotic resistance. It has been reported that garlic ethanol extract can inhibit the growth of Metallo-β-lactamase E. coli, but there have been no reports of garlic ethyl acetate extract activity against resistant bacteria. Objective: This study aims to prove the effect of ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts of garlic in inhibiting the growth of ESβL E. coli. Methods: The ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts of garlic were prepared in concentrations of 25, 50, 75 and 100% w/v, and were tested on ESβL E. coli using the disc diffusion assay. This study used a post-test-only control group design with meropenem as the positive control. The effectiveness of both garlic extracts was assessed from the inhibition zones formed around the discs. Phytochemical tests were carried out to see the compound content of garlic extract. Results: All concentrations of garlic ethanol extract were not significantly different in inhibiting ESβL E. coli growth (with inhibition zone diameter 2.82 - 3.30 mm). However, for the ethyl acetate extract, the higher the concentration the higher the activity of the extract in inhibiting ESβL E. coli (p-value <0.05). The best inhibition zone of ethyl acetate extract was 4.18 mm at a concentration of 100%. Meropenem as a positive control produced a 17 mm inhibition zone. The ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts of garlic had no difference in the active compound content, both contain tannins, saponins, and essential oils. Conclusion: The ethanol and ethyl acetate extract of garlic had weak potential to inhibit ESβL E. coli growth when compared to meropenem as a control drug.]]>
