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Journal of International Relations Studies
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
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Journal of International Relations seeks original manuscripts that provide theoretically informed empirical analyses of issues in international relations, as well as original theoretical or conceptual analyses. The journal represents no particular school or approach, nor is it restricted to any particular methodology. Instead, it seeks to foster an awareness of methodological and epistemological questions in the study of International Relations, and to reflect research and developments of a conceptual, normative and empirical nature in all the major sub-areas of the field.
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Articles 17 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Volume 2, Nomor 2, Tahun 2016" : 17 Documents clear
12. EFEKTIVITAS KERJA SAMA PEMERINTAH LAOS DAN VIETNAM DALAM MENCEGAH DAN MEMBERANTAS HUMAN TRAFFICKING DI LAOS PERIODE 2011-2013 Setyawati, Sari Widia; Utomo, Tri Cahyo; Basith Dir, Andi Akhmad
Journal of International Relations Volume 2, Nomor 2, Tahun 2016
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

Laos located in The Greater Mekong Sub-Region (GMS). Because of its nature of crosscountry, Mekong River flows through Laos used as a gate of entry and exit of humantrafficking in Laos. Laos is a source country of human trafficking for women and children.Lao Women and Children are trafficked for sexual and labor exploitation. Furthermore,Laos is a transit country for victims trafficked from Vietnam to Thailand. Laos also is adestination country for women who are trafficked from Vietnam for sexual exploitation.Because of that, Laos cooperates with Vietnam for combating human trafficking containedin “Agreement between the Government of the Lao People’s Democratic Republic and theGovernment of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam on Cooperation in Preventing andCombating Trafficking in Persons”. The purpose of this study is to determine thecooperation is effective or not. Explanative type is use on this research to explain theeffectiveness of the agreement between the Government of the Lao People’s DemocraticRepublic and the Government of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam on cooperation incombating human trafficking in Laos. The result of this research shows that this agreementis not effective in combating human trafficking in Laos because there are other factors thattake effect in reduction of human trafficking in Laos.
2. PENGARUH FENOMENA RESOURCE CURSE TERHADAP PRAKTEK PENCURIAN DAN TRANSSHIPMENT MINYAK DI NIGERIA PADA PERIODE 2010-2014 Setiawan, Wahyu; Wahyudi, Fendy Eko; Windiani, Reni
Journal of International Relations Volume 2, Nomor 2, Tahun 2016
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

Around 250.000 barrels of oil stolen every day in Nigeria during 2013, and estimatedaround 3-8 billion USD loss every year. To stop this illegal activity, Nigeria governmentunder President Jonathan has made several measurements. These measurements remainunable to stop or limiting this illegal activity. Analyzing the interaction inside the oil-theftnetwork, and the movement of the stolen oil on value added chain, one of the main factorsthat drive this activity is the rent-seeking behavior. Rent-seeking behavior raises andparalyzing on many countries with resource curse environment. Elimination of drivingfactors such as rent seeking, high political cost, and international demand is very importantto curb this activity into a complex, looted, and hard-to-eliminate crime.
16. ANALISIS POLA PENYELUNDUPAN SENJATA SMALL ARMS AND LIGHT WEAPON (SALW) DI INDONESIA: STUDI KASUS GAM PERIODE 2000-2005 Panuntun, Mahardhika Damar; Utomo, Tri Cahyo; Farabi, Nadia
Journal of International Relations Volume 2, Nomor 2, Tahun 2016
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the driving factors behind the smuggling of firearms during the conflict, fire arms smuggling patterns that happened, and the government'sefforts in addressing the issue. In conducting this study, researcher used qualitativeresearch methods in explaining the variables of research to answer the essence ofsmuggling SALW arms during the GAM conflict. This research finds that there are 7factors that encourage the smuggling of weapons by GAM during the conflict in Aceh.Those are, the geographical factor, abuse of authority, a lack of legal mechanisms, lack ofcoordination, a lack of supporting infrastructure, high price of the weapons, and increasingGAM membership.
7. IDENTITAS DAN KEBIJAKAN LUAR NEGERI: BANTUAN KEMANUSIAAN TURKI KEPADA ETNIS ROHINGYA PASCA KONFLIK KOMUNAL MYANMAR TAHUN 2012-2015 Febriar, Ringgo; Windiani, Reni; Rosyidin, Mohammad
Journal of International Relations Volume 2, Nomor 2, Tahun 2016
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

The flow of Rohingya refugee from Myanmar to some neighboring countries was initiallyoverlooked by ASEAN member states. Yet, Turkey which is not a member of ASEAN hadcommitted to help out Rohingya refugee by giving humanitarian aid. This research seeksto explain the impact of Muslim identity on Turkish foreign policy by using constructivistapproach. This research employed qualitative research through which the data wascollected both by primary and secondary sources. This research concluded that Muslimidentity does not determine Turkish humanitarian aid towards Rohingya refugees butrather universal moral and humanitarian values.
13. KEBIJAKAN KEAMANAN JEPANG TERHADAP PROLIFERASI NUKLIR KOREA UTARA PASCA KELUARNYA KOREA UTARA DARI REZIM NON-PROLIFERASI NUKLIR (PERIODE 2003-211) Saputri Gumay, Renni Novia; Utomo, Tri Cahyo; Paramasatya, Satwika
Journal of International Relations Volume 2, Nomor 2, Tahun 2016
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

North Korea’s nuclear proliferation has implicated threat toward Japan’s security directly,proven by illicit networks existence that support the nuclear proliferation program withinthe jurisdiction of Japan and indirectly, the capability of North Korea’s nuclear power to atany time could threaten the safety of Japanese citizens and Japanese territory. Threatescalation due to the North Korea’s nuclear proliferation is North Korea dared to conduct anuclear test in 2006 and 2009 after declaring withdrawal from regime of the Treaty on theNon-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT). This nuclear issue has become internationalconcern, especially Japan. This research has purpose to analyze Japan’s security policybased on Japan’s identity as “pacifist country” and “non-nuclear country”. The frameworkused in this research is the concept of norms and identity of the constructivist theory. Thetype of this research is explanatory, using qualitative data analysis techniques fromliteratures review. The result of this research is given explanation about Japan’s securitypolicies which are normalization talk, international cooperation through ProliferationSecurity Initiative and Six Party Talk, and enhance its role as “stabilizer” in Asia region ininternational non-proliferation effort through Proliferation Security Initiative MaritimeInterdiction Exercise and Asia Senior-Level Talks on Non-Proliferation.
3. EMANSIPASI KEJAHATAN: STUDI GENDER TERHADAP PEREMPUAN SEBAGAI PELAKU KEJAHATAN NARKOBA TRANSNASIONAL Lazuardi, Fahrizal; Putranti, Ika Riswanti; Susiatiningsih, Hermini
Journal of International Relations Volume 2, Nomor 2, Tahun 2016
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

It has been long and common to accept that female are less likely to commit crime thando male. However, some researchers rejected this idea (Adler, 1975; Simon 1975;Steffensmeier & Allan, 1998). They argued that emancipation and gender equality weredecisive factors to explain how and why female with better equality and represent inpreviously male dominated occupations caused a steady increase in the number of crimeover recent years. According to those assumptions, this paper tries to connect the relationbetween emancipation and gender equality with transnational drug crime. This paperdeduces that the higher emancipation and gender equality which female get, the highertransnational drug crime will occurred. But after further testing through mixed methodanalysis, this paper concludes that higher emancipation and gender equality will preciselyreduce the intensity of transnational drug crime by female. Later, this paper alsodiscovers that female with higher emancipation and gender equality actually are thevictim, and so female with lower emancipation and gender equality are the pure doer oftransnational drug crime.
17. KEJAHATAN TRANSNASIONAL DALAM PERSPEKTIF MARXISME : PENGARUH KULTUR EKSPLOITASI TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KASUS PERDAGANGAN MANUSIA DI MALAYSIA Damara, Hilda Erika; Susiatiningsih, Hermini; Puspapertiwi, Sheiffi
Journal of International Relations Volume 2, Nomor 2, Tahun 2016
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

Human trafficking and forced labor has become most vital problem in the industrial world,especially in agriculture, such as agriculture, manufacture, construction and domestic work.Malaysia is well known as one of countries that has not succeed yet in controlling humantrafficking. In 2009 Malaysia has been classified on Tier3. Before 2007, Malaysia did nothave any law that specifically control human trafficking or people smuggling. However,Malaysia has made efforts to combat human trafficking cases in the previous year. UsingMarxism approach, this research tried to explain the reason behind increasing number ofhuman trafficking in Malaysia, in spite of existed regulations. The type of this research isexplanatory, using qualitative method. This research finds that there is exploitation cultureembedded in Malaysia’s social structure which causes high rate number of humantrafficking cases. Exploitation culture itself, as defined by Marxism, is attitute from masterto treat worker as an object, instead of human being.
8. UPAYA LITTORAL STATES (INDONESIA, MALAYSIA DAN SINGAPURA) DENGAN USER STATES DALAM MEMBERANTAS KEJAHATAN ARMED ROBBERY (PEROMPAKAN BERSENJATA) DI SELAT MALAKA TAHUN 2008-2013 Aldebaran, Sabella Ardimasari; Utomo, Tri Cahyo; Hanura, Marten
Journal of International Relations Volume 2, Nomor 2, Tahun 2016
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

Malacca Strait has become one prone international shipping lanes to maritime securitythreats, particularly the armed robbery. Littoral States such as Indonesia, Malaysia andSingapore have the capability to guarantee the safety and security of the strait. Thisresearch aims to analyse cooperation between Littoral States in combating armed robberyin the Malacca Strait. Using Neoliberal Institutionalist theory and qualitative method alongwith descriptive approach through interview and library research, this research shows thatsince the initiative of coordinated patrols conducted between the Littoral States there was asignificant decrease in number of attack in armed robbery in the Malacca Strait from 2008to 2010. In addition, several maritime regimes such as The Regional CooperationAgreement on Combating Piracy and Armed Robbery against Ships in Asia (ReCAAP)and The Regional Maritime Security Initiative (RMSI) serve as facilitator to enhance thecooperative mechanism between Littoral States to combat armed robbery in the territory.
14. PERAN ORGANISASI KERJA SAMA ISLAM (OKI) DALAM MENANGANI KONFLIK ETNIS RAKHINE-ROHINGYA DI MYANMAR TAHUN 2012-2013 Dewinta, Rr. Tiara Ayu; Windiani, Reni; Hanura, Marten
Journal of International Relations Volume 2, Nomor 2, Tahun 2016
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

Human conflict between the Rakhine and Rohingya ethnics in Myanmar in 2012confiscated international society attention since it broke the human rights. This internalconflict incurred a lot of victims and increased the number of Rohingya refugees escapingto the neighbor countries indirectly engaging several countries, either IGO or NGO. One ofinternational organizations paying attention to this conflict was Organization of IslamicCooperation. This was an analytic descriptive research using library study method andapplying the liberalism and international organization theories. The objective of thisresearch was to find out the roles of Organization of Islamic Cooperation in ethnicalconflict of Rakhine and Rohingya in Myanmar in 2012. The result of this research showedthat the roles of Organization of Islamic Cooperation were including as the initiator,facilitator, and mediator. Organization of Islamic Cooperation had strived to run its rolesas the IGO in helping solve the conflict between Rakhine and Rohingya ethnics inMyanmar.
4. SEKURITISASI KABUT ASAP DI SINGAPURA TAHUN 1997-2014 Gultom, Kardina; Utomo, Tri Cahyo; Farabi, Nadia
Journal of International Relations Volume 2, Nomor 2, Tahun 2016
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

Transboundary haze pollution is one of environmental problem in ASEAN countries thathad caused essential impact toward some countries in the region, include Singapore. Thisproblem was caused by illegal conflagration of deforestation by company and citizen inIndonesia. Due to failure of Indonesian government in controlling the forest and landconflagration has encouraged Singapore to do securitization against haze issue. Thisresearch aims to give explanation about haze securitization plot by Singapore governmentin 1997-2014. This research is using Barry Buzan theory about securitization. Thisresearch is using a qualitative method with the explanative type by using interviewsresearch technique and literature reviews. The result of this research is the hazesecuritization in Singapore successfully conducted by Singapore goverment with variety ofsecuritization efforts, such as sending memorandum to Indonesian government, ratificationof ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution, bilateral cooperation with thepurpose to overcome the haze problem and officially confirmed the Transboundary HazePollution Act.The successful haze securitization was motivated by a big number of citizenrespons toward the problem and the accumulation of total disadvantage suffered bySingapore government. However, haze securitization by Singapore government doesn’tinfluence Indonesia and Singapore bilateral relations. Until now, the relations between theboth countries is maintained well.

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