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Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 01261312     EISSN : 23563931     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.19106/JMedSci005303202101
Core Subject : Science,
Immunology & microbiology Neuroscience
Journal of the Medical Sciences (JMedSci) or Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran (BIK) is an international, open-access, and double-blind peer-reviewed journal, published by Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia. JMedSci aiming to communicate high-quality articles in the areas of biomedical science from basic to clinical sciences.The journal welcomes papers from original articles, case reports, reviews, and book reviews. All papers published in JMedSci are freely available as downloadable pdf files. The journal began its publication on March 1973 and published quarterly (January, April, July, and October). JMedSci is abstracted and indexed in DOAJ, Crossref, Google Scholar, Sinta, Indonesia One Search. JMedSci is accredited by Directorate of General Higher Education, the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Indonesia
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 11 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 53, No 4 (2021)" : 11 Documents clear
Effect of kelor (Moringa oleifera Lam) ethanolic leaves extract on uterus of pregnant mice and its teratogenicity Desy Armalina; Neni Susilaningsih; Indah Saraswati; Eva Annisa
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 53, No 4 (2021)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19106/JMedSci005304202102

Abstract

Moringa oleifera Lam (Moringaceae) is a source of additional dietary. It contains 9 essential amino acids, calcium, iron, potassium, magnesium, zinc and vitamins A, C, E and B which have a major role in the immune system. Previous study reported that M. oleifera Lam can increase the hemoglobin of breastfeeding mothers. In contrast, M. oleifera Lam is well known as abortifacient plant, therefore it is not recommended to use during pregnancy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of M. oleifera Lam ethanolic leaves extract M. oleifera Lam on uterus of pregnant mice and its teratogenic effect. Twenty pregnant female Balb/c mice were used in this experimental study. Mice were randomized divided into four groups with five mice in each group. Group C as control, mice were not given anything. Group T1-T3 were given M. oleifera Lam ethanolic leaves extract during pregnancy age 7-18 days with doses of 10, 20 and 30 mg/kg BW, respectively.  Phytochemical analysis was performed quantitatively and qualitatively. On day 19, a caesarean section was performed to take the uterus, count the number of living foetus, dead foetus, disability, and other morphological abnormalities. No significant difference between all groups was observed. The abortifacient effect was not also observed in the uterus. Qualitative phytochemical analysis results showed that alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, steroids, and tannins are identified in this extract. Quantitative steroids analysis results showed that the extract contained steroids of 1057.6 ppm. In conclusion, the M. oleifera Lam ethanolic leaves extract at dose of 30 mg/kg BW does not show any effect on the uterus of pregnant mice. Further study concerning the effects on other organs and hormones is recommended.
Correlation of histamine-2 receptor antagonist (H2RA) and proton pump inhibitor (PPI) to the platelet count in patient with dengue viral infection Riyadi Adrizain; Maharani Simanjuntak; Andri Rezano
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 53, No 4 (2021)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19106/JMedSci005304202104

Abstract

Thrombocytopenia is often associated with clinically worse outcomes in dengue viral infection (DVI) patients. Histamine-2 receptor antagonist (H2RA) and proton pump inhibitor (PPI) have been reported to induce thrombocytopenia. These drugs are administered to DVI patients due to misinterpretation of abdominal pain. The study aimed to evaluate the correlation between H2RA and PPI administration with thrombocytopenia event on hospitalized DVI patients. An analytical retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted using medical records of the patient admitted by final diagnosed DVI in seven major hospital in Bandung from January 1st to December 31st, 2015. Patients were separated into two groups i.e. with and without H2RA and PPI. Pearson point biserial analysis was then applied to evaluate the correlation of each drug administration to platelet count of DVI.  A total of 4005 patients with final diagnosed DVI involved in this study. About 11.0% and 25.1% of the patients received H2RA and PPI, respectively. Mostly the DVI patients receiving H2RA (55%) and PPI (50.8%) showed the platelet count <50.000/mm3. A very weak positive correlation between the administration of H2RA (p <0.001; r=0.103) and PPI (p <0.001; r=0.138) with the low platelet count of the patients was observed. In conclusion, the administration of H2RA and PPI is correlated to the low platelet count in DVI patients. Although the correlation is weak, H2RA and PPI should be administered with caution due to its thrombocytopenia side effect.
Treatment of functioning pituitary macroadenoma with endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery: a case report Agusni Agusni; Willy Adhimarta; Andi Asadul Islam; Djoko Widodo; Nasrullah Nasrullah; Andi Ihwan; Prihantono Prihantono; Muhammad Faruk
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 53, No 4 (2021)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19106/JMedSci005304202109

Abstract

Pituitary macroadenomas are benign tumors in the pituitary gland measuring more than 1 cm in diameter. Pituitary adenomas account for 8 to 10% of all intracranial tumors and occur primarily in the anterior pituitary lobe and rarely in the posterior lobe. Most pituitary macroadenomas are non-functioning tumors, which show clinical symptoms due to tumor pressure and do not increase hormonal activity. In this case, a 40 y.o. woman was diagnosed with a pituitary macroadenoma after showing clinical symptoms of a functioning tumor, namely acromegaly, prognathism, and large, beefy hands and feet, for the past 4 years. Complaints were accompanied by amenorrhea, intermittent cephalgia, and hemianopsia in the right eye. Blood laboratory tests revealed increased levels of prolactin and growth hormone, while the results of computed tomography (CT) scans and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the head indicate the presence of a pituitary macroadenoma. Endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery, a minimally invasive procedure, was performed with minimal complications.
Effect of nitrate administration on plasma nitric oxide levels in patients with peripheral arterial disease at Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta Arditya Damarkusuma; Muhamad Taufik Ismail; Hariadi Hariawan; Sherly Primasari Agus
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 53, No 4 (2021)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19106/JMedSci005304202105

Abstract

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a disease involving reduction of blood flow to the inferior extremity associated with atherosclerotic lesions. In 2010, more than 200 million people with PAD were reported globally, including 54.8 million in Southeast Asia. The high prevalence of PAD causes its management become challenging for clinicians. Nitric oxide (NO) has a role in endothelial function that is associated with the appearance of symptoms in PAD patients. Exogenous nitrate is usually used as a primary vasodilator in the treatment of angina pectoris and Prinzmetal angina. However, information concerning the role of nitrate administration to improve symptomatic PAD patients is limited. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of exogenous nitrates in increasing plasma NO levels and improving PAD patients. A prospective pre-post clinical trial involving PAD patients who were registered in the vascular registry at Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta  was conducted. Primary endpoint was the change in plasma NO levels after short term administration of nitroglycerin oral 2.5 mg once daily (4 h) and long term (7 d). Analysis of variance test with Bonferroni posttest was used for statistical hypothesis testing. Among 33 subjects who completed this study, no negative side effects, and only one hypotensive patient was reported at the first follow-up after 4 h of the nitroglycerin administration. Plasma NO levels increased in the post 4 h and in the post 7 d administration. However, no statistically significant was observed (p > 0.05). Administration of exogenous nitrates in patients with PAD increases the plasma NO levels, even though it is not statistically significant.
Endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy as an option management of syndrome- related congenital dacryocystocele: a case report Yunia Irawati; Alexander Krishna Ernanda; Florentina Priscilia; Retno Sulistyo Wardani
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 53, No 4 (2021)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19106/JMedSci005304202110

Abstract

Congenital dacryocystocele (CD) is a rare anomaly of the medial region of the orbit, caused by distal at the level of the valve of Hasner and proximal at the level of the valve of Rosenmuller obstruction of the lacrimal system. It may present as isolated abnormalities or maybe associated with syndromes. We described a neonate with a history of bilateral enlarged lacrimal sacs below medial canthal tendon with blue-grayish color and epiphora.  Computed tomography (CT) scan resulted in congenital dacryocystocele. She was given topical antibiotics and Crigler massage as conservative treatment. In the first week, the right eye got a complete resolution. Otherwise, the left eye’s lesion was worsening. The patient underwent endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (En-DCR) and silicone intubation on the left eye. Epiphora resolved with no recurrence at one month follow up. Conservative treatment and En-DCR have a success rate with no complication and widely used nowadays. In the case of CD associated with a syndrome, multidiscipline workups and treatment are essential.
Evaluation of oxidative stress levels using glutathione peroxidase (GPx) expression on hyperglycemia-induced rats testis Andreas Pramudito; Sakti Ronggowardhana Brodjonegoro; Ahmad Zulfan; Aria Danurdoro; Didik Setyo Heriyanto
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 53, No 4 (2021)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19106/JMedSci005304202103

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global health problem with an estimated 422 million cases worldwide. Previous studies reported a correlation between hyperglycemia and oxidative stress‐related male infertility in DM. Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) can cause DNA damage due to oxidative reactions. Therefore, it could be used as potential indicator of antioxidant therapy. The study aimed to evaluate the expression level of GPx on the hyperglycemia-induced rats. This was an experimental case-control study using 27 Wistar rats divided into three groups i.e. hyperglycemia induction for four weeks group, eight weeks group, and a control group with no intervention. Following after induction, total RNA from the rats' testis was extracted, and GPx expression was analyzed using qPCR. Data were analyzed using SPSS, and a p <0.05 was considered significant. The study showed a significantly higher GPx mRNA expression level after hyperglycemia induction in both 4 and 8 weeks groups (16.93 ± 3.32 and 17.62 ± 3.42) compared to control group (9.94 ± 2.91) (p< 0.05). However, no significantly different between the 4 weeks group and 8 weeks group was observed (p >0.05). In conclusion, hyperglycemia increases GPx mRNA expression in rats. It may change the testicular environment's oxidative processes and impairs male reproductive function in the Sertoli cells with no exception.
Genetic variant of TGF-ß associated with decreased renal function in type II diabetes mellitus patient: single center pilot study in Indonesia Anggelia Puspasari; Elfiani Elfiani; Susan Tarawifa; Rina Nofri Enis; Asro Hayani
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 53, No 4 (2021)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19106/JMedSci005304202101

Abstract

The interaction between genetic factors, blood glucose and hypertension plays a role in the onset of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Genetic variation of TGF-ß1 is associated with renal complication in T2DM with varying results between ethnicities. The Jambi Malay ethnic, which is the majority ethnic in Jambi Province, is an area that reports an increased prevalence of T2DM with DKD as the most frequent microvascular complications. In addition, previous study reported controlling blood glucose not associated with DKD indicating genetic may have play a role in DKD in this population. Studies related to genetic variation and decreased kidney function in T2DM patients has never been performed in this ethnic group. This study aimed to investigate the role of TGF-ß genetic variation as risk factor for decreased renal function in T2DM patients from Jambi Malay ethnicity. We conducted a cross sectional study involving 70 patients with T2DM. The inclusion criteria for renal complication based on a decrease in the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of less than 60 mL/min/1.73. The genotyping method used was amplification refractory mutation system polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR) for TGF-β1 rs1800470 T/C. Bivariate and multivariate analysis was performed to analyze phenotype and genotype association. The result of bivariate analysis showed T2DM patients with genotype CT (p:0.006; OR:0.125; 95% CI:0.027-0.575) and CC (p:0.007; OR:0.104; 95% CI:0.020-0.546) or C allele carrier (p:0.003; OR:0.117; 95% CI:0.027-0.500) had lower risk for decreased renal function than TT genotype. Multivariate analysis that included blood pressure and age variables showed the same finding for CT (p:0.007; OR:0.086; 95% CI:0.014-0.508) and CC genotype (p:0.022; OR:0.115; 95% CI:0.018-0.731). It is concluded from this study that T2DM patients with genotype CT, CC and carrier allele C have a lower risk for suffering kidney complications than genotype TT.
Earlobe crease as a marker of coronary heart disease: a systematic review Jonathan Ricardo Hamonangan; Fitri Agustina Huspa; Rien Afrianti
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 53, No 4 (2021)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19106/JMedSci005304202108

Abstract

Earlobe crease (ELC) is a wrinkle-line in the skin that surrounds the ear approximately one third of the length between the tragus and the posteroinferior edge of the earlobe. Since the first study in 1973, the relationship between ELC and coronary heart disease (CHD) remains unclear. In addition, the pathogenesis of ELC has not well described, yet. This review aimed to evaluate the relationship between CHD and the presence of ELC using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) protocol. Eligible studies obtained from PubMed and Google Scholar using relevant keywords were collected. The assessment of quality of the studies was carried out based on the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute. Among 21 studies collected, 19 studies reported a correlation between the ELC and CHD indicating that ELC as a potential marker of CHD. Seven studies reported a significant association of ELC with CHD after adjusting confounding variables such as age, sex and other risk factors for atherosclerosis in analysis. Seven studies reported that subjects with ELC had more significantly severe CHD based on coronary angiography. The sensitivity of the ELC was reported between 30-98% and the specificity between 43-91%. Two studies reported no relationship between ELC and CHD after adjustment of age in analysis. Earlobe crease is a dermatological sign which was reported to have potential as a marker of CHD. Further study with large sample in population from various ethnics is needed in order to obtain a robust conclusion regarding the clinical importance of ELC in predicting CHD.
Ultraviolet phototherapy for treatment of various dermatoses Irwan Saputra Batubara; Larisa Paramitha Wibawa; Erdina Pusponegoro; Windy Keumala Budianti; Githa Rahmayunita; Shannaz Nadia Yusharyahya
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 53, No 4 (2021)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19106/JMedSci005304202107

Abstract

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation has been applied to treat many chronic skin diseases. Based on the wavelength, UV radiation consists of three types, namely ultraviolet C (UVC), ultraviolet B (UVB), and ultraviolet A (UVA). The types of UV that are widely used in dermatology are narrowband ultraviolet B (NB-UVB), broadband ultraviolet B (BB-UVB), UVA1, and psoralen combined with UVA (PUVA). The interaction between UV and the skin determines the effectiveness of phototherapy. The biological effects of UV are used in the management of inflammatory skin diseases, malignancies, and various rare dermatoses. Apart from these benefits, UV increases the risk of photoaging and skin cancer. Therefore, further researches are necessary to enhance the effectiveness and safety of phototherapy. This literature review discusses the role of phototherapy in various dermatoses other than psoriasis and vitiligo.
Untranslated region-5' and viral protein 1-based genetic stability analysis of bulk polio in Indonesia 2010-2019 Andi Yasmon; Normasari Normasari; Fithriyah Fithriyah; Fadilah Fadilah
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 53, No 4 (2021)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19106/JMedSci005304202106

Abstract

Cases of vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis (VAPP) continued increasingly from 2010-2019 in the world. Oral polio vaccine (OPV) is the live attenuated virus-based vaccine that could genetically revert to neurovirulent during the vaccine production process or when the virus replicates in the human body. The poliovirus neurovirulence is determined by the UTR-5' region and VP1 coding region. UTR-5' played a role in protein translation and VP1 was responsible for the immunogenicity of the virus. Some reported mutations in UTR-5' and VP1 could affect the neurovirulence of poliovirus. In this study, we analyzed the genetic stability of the UTR-5' and VP1 in the bulk of OPV types -1 and -3 produced in 2010 - 2019. The results of the analysis of UTR-5' sequences in Sabin strain types-1 and -3 and VP1 sequences on Sabin virus type 1 did not show any mutations. Meanwhile, the VP1 sequences in Sabin strain type 3 showed nucleotide mutation C2493U that caused the substitution amino acid Thr6Ile amino acid in all samples of the type 3 bulk polio test. Based on the results of in silico analysis, this mutation in VP1 did not contribute significantly to the neurovirulence of the virus.

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