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Althea Medical Journal
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : -     EISSN : 23374330     DOI : 10.15850/amj
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Althea Medical Journal (AMJ) is a peer reviewed electronic scientific publication journal which is published every 3 months (March, June, September, and December). Althea Medical Journal publishes articles related to research in biomedical sciences, clinical medicine, family-community medicine, and public health.
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Search results for , issue "Vol 2, No 1 (2015)" : 60 Documents clear
Anonna muricata Linn Leaf Effect in Inhibiting SGPT Elevation Tanaya, Galih; Kuswinarti, Kuswinarti; Dewi, R. Nina Susana
Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

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Abstract

  Background: Hepatitis is an infection or inflammation disease of the liver which is caused by virus, toxic substance, and immunological abnormalities. Soursop plant as a medicinal plants is known to have an antioxidant effect and nowadays is used as an alternative drug for hepatitis. One of the methods to assess liver function is to measure the serum Glutamate Piruvate Transaminase (SGPT) level. The purpose of this study was to find the effect of Soursop Leaf  in inhibiting the SGPT elevation .Methods: An experimental study was conducted on 25 white male rats of wistar strain in the pharmacology laboratory of Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran during the period of September to October 2012. The rats were divided into 5 groups (group 1 and 2 as control; group 3, 4, and 5 as treatment groups treated by 200, 400, 600 mg/kgbw soursop extract, respectively). The soursop extract was administered to the treatment groups for 8 days. On the 8th day, group 2, 3, 4, and 5 received 1.6 ml CCl410% intraperitoneally. After 18 hours, the mean SGPT levels from all groups were measured. ANOVA test was used to analyze the result.Results : The mean SGPT levels were lower in the 3rd, 4th, and 5th group compared to group 2. There was a significant difference among treatment groups. Group 3 had the most significant result.Conclusion: Soursop leaf inhibits the elevation of SGPT level. Keywords: Hepatitis, SGPT, soursop leaf (Annona muricata) DOI: 10.15850/amj.v2n1.438 
Anxiety Level in Dyspeptic Patients at the Gastroenterohepatology Outpatient Clinic of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, Indonesia Brahmanti, Radistrya Sekaranti; Saketi, Juke Roslia; Saroinsong, Harry; Sudjana, Primal
Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

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Abstract

  Background: Dyspepsia is a disease with a high worldwide prevalence, including in Asia; however, the pathophysiology of the disease is still unclear. Recent studies suggest adapting a biopsychosocial model to understand the pathophysiology of dyspepsia that proposes the important role of anxiety.  The aim of this study was to assess the anxiety level in dyspeptic patients who visited the Gastroenterohepatology Outpatient Clinic in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study using total sampling method was conducted from September–November 2012 to 19 patients aged 36−85 years old who consisted of 11 women and 8 men patients dyspepsia syndrome in the Gastroenterohepatology outpatient clinic Dr Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung.  The anxiety levels were measured using the Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale. All data were analyzed based on gender, age, and occupational status of the patients. Results: Eleven of the nineteen patients had high anxiety levels. Women were more likely to experience high anxiety levels (8 of 11). The group with the highest number of patients with high anxiety was the 46−55 years old group, the high anxiety level was more common among patients who were government or private sector employees. Conclusion: The anxiety level in dyspeptic patients who visited the Gastroenterohepatology outpatient clinic in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung was high.Keywords: Anxiety levels, Dyspeptic patients, Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale DOI: 10.15850/amj.v2n1.429 
Femur Fracture Patient Characteristics in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung Indonesia January–December 2011 Firdaus, Mohamad; Hidajat, Nucki Nursjamsi; Murniati, Nani
Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

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Abstract

 Background: Femur fracture is one of the most common orthopedic cases which may occur in all age groups. Its incidence can be characterized by several aspects, such as patient’s age, sex, causes, location and many more. The aim of this study was to understand the characteristics of femur fracture patients in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung Indonesia during the period of January to December 2011.Methods: A descriptive study was conducted using 89 medical records of femur fracture patients in the Department of Orthopedic and Traumatology Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung from January to December 2011. The inclusion criteria of the study were medical records containing patient aged 20-59 years data who were diagnosed with femur fracture, sex, cause of fracture, type of fracture, location of fracture, type of treatments given, and the length of hospitalization. Data were analyzed using frequency distribution.Results: Of 60 cases of motor vehicle accidents, there were more male (77.53%) than female who suffered from fracture. Closed fracture was more common with 52 cases of closed fracture compared to 29 cases of proximal fracture. Of 35 patients accepted treatment, 30 patients were treated by surgery  and hospitalized for 21–30 days.Conclusion: Young male adults are the most common group suffering from femur fracture. A continuous epidemiology study must be carried out on annual basis so that a better view of the incidence and the location of femur fracture as well as the type of treatment given to patients can be observed.Keywords: Adults, characteristics, femur fracture  DOI: 10.15850/amj.v2n1.428 
Profile of Patients with Complicated Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, Indonesia January–December 2011 Desbassarie, Fitrie; Dermawan, Arif; Hadi, Soeseno
Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

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Abstract

  Background: The prevalence of chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is still high in developing countries. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the prevalence of CSOM is 2-4%. In 1994-1996, the prevalence of CSOM in various provinces in Indonesia is diverse, with general prevalence of 3.9%. Chronic suppurative otitis media can also lead to various complications. The objective of this study was to determine the profiles of CSOM patients with complications in Dr Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung.Methods: Secondary data was obtained from 117 medical records of the period January-December 2011 in Dr Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung. Out of 117 medical records, 43 medical records consisted of CSOM patients who had complications. Data of patients’demography, risk factor, chief and accompanying complaints, infected ears, pathological findings, complications, and treatments were collected and were analyzed with frequency distribution.Results: There was 36.75% CSOM patients with complications, 55.8% are male, 30.3% were 30-39 years old, 62.8% level of education of patients was primary education. Ear discharge (otorrhea) was the most common chief complaints (95.3%) and hearing loss was the most dominated accompanying symptom (53.5%), Upper Respiratory Tract Infection (URTI) was the most common risk factors. Most of the cases had unilateral complication (93%) and intratemporal (72%). Both intratemporal and extratemporal was only 26% cases. Granulation tissue was the most common intratemporal complication (32.5%). The most common procedure given was Mastoidectomy without tympanoplasty (51.2%) followed by pharmacotherapyConclusions: Percentage of CSOM with complication is still high in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung.Keywords: Chronic suppurative otitis media, complication, profile DOI: 10.15850/amj.v2n1.443 
Hepatoprotective Effect of Solanum melongena/Eggplant against Acute Hepatitis Komara, Nabhan; Sastramihardja, Herri S.; Afiati, Afiati
Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

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Abstract

   Background: Hepatitis is a liver inflammation that can be acute or chronic and may cause damage to hepatocytes such as necrosis.. Hepatocyte necrosis can be inhibited by antioxidants such as flavonoids found in Solanum melongena fruit. This study aimed to determine the hepatoprotective effect of Solanum melongena fruit infusion to inhibit hepatocytes damage in CCl4-induced rats.Methods: Twenty five male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups, and adapted for 7 days before the experimental study. Negative and positive groups were given aquadest, Group III−V were given Solanum melongena fruit infusion containing 1.125 grams, 2.25 grams and 4.5 grams orally for 9 days. At the 9th day, all rats were induced by 8 mL/kgBW of 10% CCl4 in paraffin, except for the negative group. Rats were sacrificed on the 11th day, and liver biopsy preparations were made. Hepatocyte necrosis was counted and was analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney test. Results: The study showed that the percentage of necrotic hepatocytes in group III, IV a nd V were lower than in the positive group. Using Mann-Whitney test, there were significant differences in negative group, group III, and group V (p<0.05). Meanwhile, unsignificant difference was seen between the positive group and group IV (p>0.05). Kruskal-Wallis test showed that there weresignificantly differences among groups (p<0.05). Conclusions: Solanum melongena fruit infusion has hepatoprotective effects against acute hepatitis in rat model histopathologically.Keywords: CCl4, flavonoids, hepatocyte, necrosis, Solanum melongena DOI: 10.15850/amj.v2n1.434  
Profile of Handgrip Strength, Anthropometry, Nutritional Status and Activities of Daily Living Among Geriatrics at Karitas Nursing Home, Bandung Rajendran, Thawaneswaaran; Novitri, Novitri; Pratiwi, Yuni Susanti
Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 1 (2015)
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Abstract

  Background: Reduced handgrip strength is an aging process that influences the activities of daily living among elderly people. Handgrip strength varies greatly with age, gender, anthropometric measurement and nutritional status. This study aimed to determine the profile of handgrip muscle strength, physical characteristic, nutritional assessment and activities of daily living among elderly Methods: This study was conducted at Karitas nursing home, Bandung on September 2012. This is a descriptive study by collecting primary data from 28 elderly people. Data were collected in 2 days within 2 weeks. The first data collection included details of anthropometric measurement and handgrip measurement. The second data collection included face to face interview using standardized questionnaire for mini nutritional assessment and Barthel index.Result: The mean age of the respondents was 74.14 ± 8.5189 years. The average reading on handgrip muscle strength was 30.84 ± 12.0175 lbs for right hand and 27.77 ± 11.3778 lbs for left hand. For anthropometric measurement, most of the respondents had normal weight body mass index status (39.3%). Nutritional status of respondents evaluated by mini nutritional assessment showed that most of the respondents were at risk of malnutrition (64.3%). The activities of daily living assessment based Barthel Index showed that half of the respondents were dependent in activities of daily living (50%).Conclusions: From this  study, it can be concluded that the grip strength of all the respondents are weaker. Majority have normal body weight, malnutrition risk, and half of the subjects are depend on others in doing their daily activities.Keywords: Activities of daily living, anthropometry, elderly, handgrip strength, nutritional status DOI: 10.15850/amj.v2n1.423 
A Study on Knowledge, Attitude and Practice in Preventing Transmission of Scabies in Pesantren Darul Fatwa, Jatinangor Mohd Yusof, Mahirah Binti; Fitri, Silvita; Damopolii, Yunita
Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 1 (2015)
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Abstract

  Background: Scabies is caused by infestation and sensitization of Sarcoptess cabiei and is an endemic in tropical and subtropical regions around the world. Several factors in the disease transmission are overcrowded living conditions, poor personal hygiene, unhealthy behaviors and population density. Pesantren is a spesific name for an educational Islamic institution in Indonesia and which w could be one of the risk factors of the transmission the disease. Most of the students (santri) are staying at the institution for a long time. The objective of this study was to know the level of knowledge, attitude and practice of santri in preventing scabies.Methods: A descriptive study was conducted on 45 santri in Pesantren Darul Fatwa in Jatinangor during September–December 2012. A questionnaire was set up consisting of questions about age, sex, basic knowledge, attitude, and practice of preventing the transmission of scabies. Data were analyzed using frequency distribution.Results: The level of knowledge and attitude of the respondents to prevent the transmission of scabies were good, meanwhile the level of practice was moderate. There were still questions that could not be answer by the respondents those were the etiology (31.1%), the cut off chain of transmission (40%), and how to prevent scabies (37.8%). Not washing the towel, changing the bed linen and pillow case every 2 weeks were the less good practice performed by the respondents.Conclusions: The knowledge and attitude towards the prevention of transmission of scabies are good while the practices are moderate. A further study with more sample size should be carried out including enviromental assessment.Keywords: Attitude, knowledge, practice, scabiesDOI: 10.15850/amj.v2n1.448 
Spinach Effects (Amaranthus hybridus) on Spatial Memory Leonita, Intan; Utami, Novi Vicahyani; Wibisono, Yusuf
Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 1 (2015)
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Abstract

  Background: Spatial memory reduction in elderly is predicted to increase up to twice every 20 years. Spinach (Amaranthus hybridus) is widely consumed by Indonesian people and is believed to prevent declined spatial memory function. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of spinach on spatial memory in wistar rat induced by diazepam Methods: An experimental study was conducted during the period of October to November 2012 in Pharmacology and Therapy Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran. Twenty five wistar rats were divided into 5 groups; two groups as controls, and 3 groups were given 100, 200, and 400mg/kg BW ethanolic extract of spinach (EESL), respectively. On day 7, group 3, 4, and 5 were given 1 mg/kg BW diazepam injection. Morris water maze tests and calculations of escape latency time (ELT) were performed on day 7 and 8. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and least significance difference (LSD) test. Results: On day 7, group 2 experienced acceleration in ELT compared to group 4 and group 5. On day 8, group 2 experienced acceleration in ELT compared to group 3 and group 4. There was no significant increase in spatial memory in group 5 (EESL 400mg/kg BW) that due to the use of higher dosage does not always show better results. Conclusions: EESL can prevent impairment of spatial memory with an effective dose of 200 mg/kg BW.Keywords: Amaranthus hybridus, diazepam, spatial memory, spinach DOI: 10.15850/amj.v2n1.439 
Hyperuricemia and Proteinuria in Type 2 Diabetic Patients Haryandini, Fatya Annisa; Rostini, Tiene
Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

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Abstract

   Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder that has diabetic nephropathy as a complication characterized by proteinuria. When type 2 diabetic patient’s kidney is damaged, hyperuricemia occurs. This study evaluated the correlation of serum uric acid and proteinuria levels in type 2 diabetic patients from outpatient Endocrine clinic at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital from January to December 2011.Methods: In a cross-sectional study of 125 patients (55 male and 70 female) with type 2 diabetes mellitus, the data of serum uric acid, fasting plasma glucose, 2-h post oral glucose load plasma glucose, serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, serum trygliceride, and proteinuria levels were accessed from the medical record. Spearman test was used to calculate the correlation of serum uric acid and proteinuria levels. The research used secondary data taken from medical records  of patients diagnosed with T2DM  from outpatient Endocrine clinic of Internal Medicine Department at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung who had alaboratory examination at Department of Clinical Pathology of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung from January to December 2011.Results: The mean age of the type 2 diabetic patients was 61.5±9.2 years old, with mean serum uric acid level of 6.2±1,8 mg/dl, of whom 52.8% had microalbuminuric and 4.8% had proteinuria. In type 2 diabetic patients, serum uric acid level correlated positively (r=0.273) with proteinuria (p=0.002).Conclusions: Higher serum uric acid levels associated significantly positive with a greater probability of proteinuria in type 2 diabetic patients, indicating a potential marker for disease severity.Keywords: Proteinuria, type 2 diabetes mellitus, uric acidDOI: 10.15850/amj.v2n1.430 
Comparison between Palpation and Superficial Marking Techniques in Determining Infraorbital Foramen in Chinese Women Lindawati, Lindawati; Soenggono, Arifin; Siswo, Hardi
Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 1 (2015)
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Abstract

 Background: Difficulties in determining infraorbital foramen were often found in anesthesia procedures, reconstruction surgery, acupuncture, and botox insertion. The most common technique used is palpation technique. However, there are some  disadvantages in this technique.The aim of this study was to  establish a new superficial marking technique to determine the position of infraorbital foramen by making a horizontal imaginary line from the top part of nose wings.Methods: This study was an analytical cross-sectional study conducted at the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran in Jatinangor-Sumedang during the period of April to November 2012. A total of thirty Chinese female students were assessed to measure the mean distance between the inferior orbital margin to the infra orbital foramen and inferior orbital margin to horizontal imaginary line from the top part of nose wings. The differences were then checked using paired t-test.Results: There was a significance difference between the mean distance of the inferior orbital margin to the infra orbital foramen and the inferior orbital margin to the horizontal imaginary line from the top part of the nose wings on the right and left face of Chinese women with p<0.05 (p=0.000).Conclusion: Infra orbital foramen cannot be determined by using superficial marking technique in Chinese women.Keywords: Infra orbital foramen, palpation technique, superfacial marking techniqueDOI: 10.15850/amj.v2n1.427  

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