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Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : 20878273     EISSN : 24606278     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture (JITAA) is a double blind peer-reviewed publication devoted to disseminate all information contributing to the understanding and development of animal agriculture in the tropics by publication of original research papers
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 11 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 34, No 3 (2009): (September)" : 11 Documents clear
SUPPLEMENTARY FEEDING ON THE NUTRIENT BALANCE OF LACTATING DAIRY COW AT CONTRASTING TEMPERATURE REGIMES: ASSESSMENT USING CORNELL NET CARBOHYDRATE AND PROTEIN SYSTEM (CNCPS) MODEL Jayanegara, A.; Sofyan, A.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 34, No 3 (2009): (September)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.34.3.196-204

Abstract

Dairy cows often do not receive adequate nutrient supply during their lactation period. This condition caneven be worse if the environmental temperature is not in comfortable range which may occur especially intropical regions. The present research was aimed to simulate the effect of supplementary feeding on nutrientbalance of lactating dairy cow at contrasting temperature regimes using Cornell Net Carbohydrate andProtein System (CNCPS) model. Treatments consisted of feeds (R1: Pennisetum purpureum, R2: P.purpureum + concentrate (60:40), R3: P. purpureum + Gliricidia sepium + Leucaena leucocephala(60:20:20), R4: P. purpureum + concentrate + G. sepium + L. leucocephala (60:20:10:10)) and environmentaltemperatures (T1: 20 oC, T2: 30 oC). The dairy cow inputs in CNCPS were Holstein breed, body weight of500 kg, feed intake of 15 kg (dry matter basis) per day and produced milk 15 kg/day. Based on the CNCPSmodel, there were negative balances of metabolisable energy (ME) and metabolisable protein (MP) if alactating dairy cow fed only by P. purpureum. The ME balance was worse at higher temperature, while theMP balance was remain unchanged. Addition of concentrate mixture (R2) fulfilled the ME and MPrequirements as well as other nutrients. Addition of leguminous tree leaves (R3 and R4) improved thenutritional status of the lactating cow model compared to R1, but did not better than R2. It was concludedthat supplementary feeding is necessary for improving the nutrient balance of lactating dairy cow, especiallywhen the cow is maintained under uncomfortable environmental temperature.
THE CHANGE OF BODY COMPOSITION OF INDIGENOUS RAMS ON DIFFERENT BODY WEIGHT AND FEEDING LEVEL Setyawan, A.R.; Rianto, E.; Sunarso, S.; Setyaningsih, K.; Mahesti, G.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 34, No 3 (2009): (September)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.34.3.159-166

Abstract

The aim of this research was to investigate the influence of body weight and feeding level on the changeof body composition of indigenous ram. This research was expected to establish the efficient feeding levelto produce high growth rate and meat quality of ram in tropical environment. Sixteen rams with differentbody weight (BW) were divided into 2 groups, i.e. light BW (10 + 1.47 kg) and heavy BW (18 + 1.18 kg).The experimental design was Split Plot design with two factors. The main plot was body weight (light andheavy) and the sub plot was level of feeding (FL, 1x maintenance and 1.5 x maintenance). The parametersmeasured in this experiment were live weight gain and body composition. The results of this study showedthat body water, body protein and body fat were significantly higher (P<0.01) in heavy body weight (HBW)than those in light body weight (LBW), and was higher in 1.5xM than those 1xM. Ram of HW and LW hadsimilar change rate of physical composition. Ram given 1.5xM had higher rate of change of body fat andbody water than those given feed at maintenance level. It can be concluded that there was no interactionbetween BW and FL on the change of body water, body protein and body fat. Ram of HBW and LBW hadsimilar rate of change of physical composition. Level of feeding affected body water content, the higherlevel of feeding resulted in fatter ram, leading to less body water content.
MACRO NUTRIENTS UPTAKE OF FORAGE GRASSES AT DIFFERENT SALINITY STRESSES Kusmiyati, F.; Purbajanti, E.D.; Kristanto, B.A.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 34, No 3 (2009): (September)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.34.3.205-210

Abstract

The high concentration of sodium chloride (NaCl) in saline soils has negative effects on the growth ofmost plants. The experiment was designed to evaluate macro nutrient uptake (Nitrogen, Phosphorus andPotassium) of forage grasses at different NaCl concentrations in growth media. The experiment wasconducted in a greenhouse at Forage Crops Laboratory of Animal Agriculture Faculty, Diponegoro University.Split plot design was used to arrange the experiment. The main plot was forage grasses (Elephant grass(Pennisetum purpureum ) and King grass (Pennisetum hybrida)). The sub plot was NaCl concentrationin growth media (0, 150, and 300 mM). The nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) uptake in shootand root of plant were measured. The result indicated increasing NaCl concentration in growth mediasignificantly decreased the N, P and K uptake in root and shoot of the elephant grass and king grass. Thepercentage reduction percentage of N, P and K uptake at 150 mM and 300 mM were high in elephant grassand king grass. It can be concluded that based on nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium uptake, elephantgrass and king grass are not tolerant to strong and very strong saline soil.
THE EFFICIENCY OF PROTEIN UTILIZATION IN DIFFERENT BROILER STRAINS Indarsih, B.; Pym, R.A.E.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 34, No 3 (2009): (September)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.34.3.167-173

Abstract

The objective of this work was to study the protein utilization and protein turnover of different broilerstrains and was carried out in completely randomized design. One hundred and forty four sexed doc fromeach strain (Cobb =A, Ingham = B and Steggels = C) were divided into a factorial arrangement (threedietary protein, two sexes and three strains). Two regimens of composite mixes of a summit and dilution dietand a free choice between these two diets. Diets were changed weekly, with notional crude protein levelsat one day-old of 240g/kg for all chickens, and at 42 days of age of 120 or 180 g/kg in the low and highprotein. Protein utilization efficiency (PRE) was measured from 39-42 d of age. PRE increased with theincreasing of dietary protein in strains A and C and had much higher response than in strain B. The moisture:protein ratios were 2.51, 2.65 and 2.58 in strains A, B and C, indicating strain B contained higher moistureand body fat and less protein. Involvement of genetic controls as the selection effect seems to increase thecapacity of chickens in improving nutrient utilization
ACCURACY OF MILK YIELD ESTIMATION IN DAIRY CATTLE FROM MONTHLY RECORD BY REGRESSION METHOD Kuswahyuni, I.S.; Kurnianto, E.; Nuringtias, N.L.; Johari, S.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 34, No 3 (2009): (September)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.34.3.211-215

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to estimate the actual milk yield and to compare the estimation accuracyof cumulative monthly record to actual milk yield by regression method. Materials used in this experimentwere records relating to milk yield and pedigree. The obtained data were categorized into 2 groups i.e. AgeGroup I (AG I) that was cow calving at < 36 months old as many as 33 cows with 33 lactation records andAG II that cows calving e” 36 months old as many as 44 cows with 105 lactation records. The first three toseven months data were used to estimate actual milk yield. Results showed that mean of milk yield/ head/lactation at AG I (2479.5 ± 461.5 kg) was lower than that of AG II (2989,7 ± 526,8 kg). Estimated milk yieldsfor three to seven months at AG I were 2455.6±419.7; 2455.7±432.9; 2455.5±446.4; 2455.6±450.8; 2455,64± 450,8; 2455,5 ± 459,3 kg respectively, meanwhile at AG II was 2972.3±479.8; 2972.0±497.2; 2972.4±509.6;2972.5±523.6 and 2972.5±535.1 respectively. Correlation coefficients between estimated and actual milkyield at AG I were 0.79; 0.82; 0.86; 0.86 and 0.88, respectively, meanwhile at AG II were 0.65; 0.66; 0.67;0.69 and 0.72 respectively. In conclusion, the mean of estimated milk yield at AG I was lower than AG II.The best record to estimate actual milk yield both at AG I and AG II were the seven cumulative months.
LIMESTONE OF BUKIT KAMANG AS A CALCIUM SOURCE FOR LAYING HENS Khalil, K.; Anwar, S.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 34, No 3 (2009): (September)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.34.3.174-180

Abstract

A feeding trial was conducted to study the use of natural limestone meal originated from Bukit Kamanglocated at Agam district of West Sumatra to substitute fresh water oyster shell as the main source ofcalcium in diet of laying hens. The mineral feed formula, as treatments, composed of limestone in combinationwith freshwater oyster shell in five different percent ratios: 100:0; 75:25; 50:50; 25:75 and 0:100. The mineralswere mixed in the level of 6 % into basal diet composed mainly corn, rice bran and concentrates. The fiveexperimental diets were then fed to 150 laying hens. They were divided into 5 groups; each group wassubdivided into 3 replicates groups containing 10 hens. Parameters measured included: feed intake, eggproduction, FCR, eggshell quality, Ca and P retention, tibia bone mineralization. Results showed the nutritivevalues of limestone of Bukit Kamang as mineral source of laying hen diet were found not significantlydifferent from those of oysters shell. The hens fed with diet supplemented with Bukit Kamang’s limestonetended to give better laying performances than those of supplemented with fresh water oyster shell. Thelaying performances, egg shell quality and Ca and P retentions did not significantly improved, when limestonewas mixed by oyster shell.
A CASE STUDY OF LUNTIAN MULTI-PURPOSE COOPERATIVE IN BARANGAY LALAIG, TIAONG, QUEZON, PHILIPPINES: A VERTICAL INTEGRATION APPROACH Perilla, M.V.; Escala, J.M.; Setiadi, A.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 34, No 3 (2009): (September)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.34.3.216-222

Abstract

The Luntian Multi-Purpose Cooperative located in Tiaong, Quezon, Philippines. The Luntian MultiPurposecooperative focuses more on feed production as well as hog fattening. The LMC applied thevertical integration to develop the cooperative. They have their members as their primary costumers of theirfeeds. The cooperative’s business activity includes also meat shop, granting of production loan, microfinance,mobilization of saving deposits, aside from feed milling and hog fattening. Different agencies, industryorganizations and private institutions provide trainings, seminars, assistance, as well as credit for thecooperative.The aims of the study was to determine the present and discuss a noteworthy business issue (s)of Luntian Multipurpose Cooperative, evaluate the business environment prevailing at a particular time ofthis case , assess the cooperative’s performance in terms of the four business functions , define the problemrelevant to the business issue(s) being studied. The study used primary and secondary data. Primary datawere gathered through interviews with the key personnel, managers, and other informants of the LuntianMultipurpose Cooperative in order to obtain responses regarding the overall status of the cooperative includingits problem and plans. Secondary data were taken from files and documents, especially the history, backgroundinformation and financial statements. Other data were taken through research materials such as book,unpublished special problems and from some government institutions. The recommendation of this researchshowed that Luntian MPC should engage in establishing a communal farm as to become the primary sourceof hybrid piglets that their members would raised. The alternatives solution was establishing a breeding farmthat would ask for initial investment.
THE EFFECT OF TYPE OF FEED AND SLAUGHTER AGE ON THE PERFORMANCES AND CARCASS CHARACTERISTIC OF MALE ARAB CHICKEN Suryanto, E.; Sasongko, H.; Maryam, M.; Santosa, R.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 34, No 3 (2009): (September)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.34.3.181-188

Abstract

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of type of feed and slaughter age on the performancesand carcass characteristics of male Arab chicken. Thirty six male Arab chicken of seven weeks old weredivided into two groups, each group consisted of three cages with six chicken in each group. Two types ofration consisted of Ration One (Par-S + corn) containing 2904 kcal ME and 17 % CP, and Ration Two (BRII) containing 3100 kcal ME and 19% CP. The chicken were raised for seven weeks, weekly weighed, andrandomly taken for slaughter at 12 and 14 week old. The data collected were performances and carcasscharacteristics of the chicken. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance of completely randomiseddesign. The results showed that the chicken fed BR II consumed more protein and energy (483.7 g CP and7868.8 kcal ME) compared to the chicken fed BR I (444.0 g CP and 7586.1 kcal ME). Besides, the chickenfed BR II produced heavier final body weight (1142.5 g) than the chicken fed with BR I (1048.6 g) (P <0,05). Type of ration affected the tenderness of chicken. Slaughter age influenced carcass weight andcarcass physical composition of the chicken (P<0.05). Slaughter age affected the physical characteristic ofmeat. It could be concluded that male Arab chicken fed ration containing higher CP and ME (higher feeddensity) consumed more protein and energy, and finally had heavier final body weight. Slaughter age influencedcarcass weight, carcass physical composition and meat characteristics of the male Arab chicken.
DIET COMPOSITION OF ANOA (Buballus sp.) STUDIED USING DIRECT OBSERVATION AND DUNG ANALYSIS METHOD IN THEIR HABITAT Pujaningsih, R.I.; Sutrisno, C.I.; Supriondho, Y.; Malik, A.; Djuwantoko, D.; Pudyatmoko, S.; Amir, M.A.; Aryanto, S.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 34, No 3 (2009): (September)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.34.3.223-228

Abstract

Anoa are fully protected under Indonesian Law since 1931 (Law of Protection of Wild Animals 1931, no134). Increasing law enforcement regarding hunting as well as promoting awareness of the Anoas uniquethreatened the existence of conservation measures. The modern concept of conservation based on thesustainability utilization, and therefore the knowledge of the Anoa preference in feeding to support thesustainability conservation should be studied. In the present study, the combination of direct observationmethods which was done in the Lore Lindu National Park in Toro village at District Kulawi, Central Sulawesiand the epidermal analysis method which was carried out to Anoa’s dung were aimed to identify the vegetationspreferred by Anoa in their habitat. The result showed 28 species of vegetations was used as feed by Anoaon in situ area. According to its percentage, the first ten were Freycinetia insignis Blume (17%), Microlepiatodayensis Christ (8.9%), Disoxylum sp (8.6%), Lasianthus clementis Merr (7.7%), Clusia sp (7.5%),Schleria sp (6%), Podocarpus imbricatus (5.4%), Smilax leucophylla (5.1%), Elastostema sp (4.2%),and Garcinia sp (3.8%), respectively. Furthermore, it can be concluded that Anoa was eat more leafs andshrubs/bushes (each 24%, respectively) compared to flowers (18%), fruits (12%), shoots (8%), grasses,tubers, young grooves (each 4%, respectively) and moss (2%). Nutritionally, Anoa consumed 8.8% proteinand 25.6% crude fiber.
EVALUATION OF NUTRITIVE VALUE AND IN VITRO METHANE PRODUCTION OF FEEDSTUFFS FROM AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD INDUSTRY BY-PRODUCTS Santoso, B.; Hariadi, B.T.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 34, No 3 (2009): (September)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.34.3.189-195

Abstract

The aim of this research was to evaluate the nutrient degradability, in vitro methane (CH4) production ofseveral agricultural and food industry by-products in relation to their chemical composition. Twenty-onesamples of 7 feedstuffs from agricultural and food industry by-products consisted of corn straw, potatostraw, rice straw, cocoa pod, sago waste, rice bran, soybean curd residue were evaluated by an in vitro gasproduction and nutrient degradability. The feedstuffs varied greatly in their crude protein (CP), neutraldetergent fiber (NDF) and non-fiber carbohydrate (NFC) contents. Crude protein ranged from 1.5 to 21.8%,NDF from 31.6 to 71.1% and NFC from 1.5 to 50.8%. Among the seven feedstuffs, soybean curd residuehad the highest CP content, on the other hand it had the lowest NDF content. Dry matter (DM) and organicmatter (OM) degradability were highest (P<0.01) in soybean curd residue among the feedstuffs. The CH4production was significantly higher (P<0.01) in rice straw, cocoa pod and corn straw as compared to sagowaste. There was a strong positive correlation (r = 0.60; P<0.01) between NDF concentration and CH4production. However, the total gas productions was negatively correlated (r = -0.75; P<0.01) with NDFcontent. The CH4 production of feedstuff is influenced by NDF content.

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