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Biology and Predatory Behavior of Metioche vittaticollis (Stal) (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) Sri Karindah; Bagyo Yanuwiadi; Liliek Sulistyowati
Journal of Tropical Plant Protection Vol 1, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

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Metioche vittaticollis (Stal) is one of the generalist predator in rice field habitat. The biology and predatory behavior were studied in the laboratory. The life cycle of M. vittaticollis (Stal) averaged 40–61 days at 26°-28oC. The eggs were inserted singly within the leaf sheath of rice or weeds and hatched in 14.28 days. The nymphal period was varied between 27 and 45 days and passed four nymphal stadia. Female fecundity was averaged 50 eggs during her lifetime. The longevity of the female or male adult was ranged from 20 to 38 days. The average longevity of females and males were 29.24 and 25.00 days, respectively. The longevity of unmated female or male were longer than the mated female or male. The egg and first instar nymph sustained the high mortality of 30% and 25%, respectively, whilst there was less mortality in the third and fourth instar nymph. The adult females of M. vittaticollis survived for 32 days and the rate of survival was high in the young adults but decreased as the cricket aged. The females were more preferred to Brown Plant Hopper (BHP) nymph than the males. The early nymph stage of prey was the most stage to be fed by M. vittaticollis. However, the predation declined when they were given prey of late instar of BPH nymphs. Fewer adult stage of BPH was consumed by both male and female crickets.Key words: biology; generalist predator; prey consumption; Metioche vittaticollis

CHARACTERIZATION OF PLANT PATHOGENIC VIRUS CAUSING MOSAIC SYMPTOM ON TOMATO PLANT ( Lycopersicon esculentum MILL.) Tutung hadiastono
Journal of Tropical Plant Protection Vol 1, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

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A virus obtained from mosaic symptom of leaves of tomato plant (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) planted at Dau district, Malang regency, East Java province, was identified as a strain of cucumber mosaic virus. The virus infected plants of 5 species, including 3 species of legumes and 2 species of Solanaceae. It tolerated for 6 hours aging and 1:100 dilution. Broadbean, Dolichos lab-lab, soybean, tomato, and pepper, are useful in distinguishing this virus from others. The last two plant species showed spesific symptoms. There was no symptom observed on soybean and D. lab-lab.Keywords: Cucumber mosaic virus; Lycopersicon esculentum; Symptom

Growth and Development of Bactrocera carambolae Drew & Handcock (Diptera: Tephritidae) on three artificial diets Toto Himawan; Sri Karindah; Deni Hendrawan
Journal of Tropical Plant Protection Vol 1, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

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AbstractPollard and tofu waste as main component of food for Fruit fly (Bactrocera carambolae) gave better nutrition to support their growth and development than tapioca waste. Pollard, tofu waste and tapioca waste contributed to finish fruit fly life cycles 16, 47, 17, 83 and 18.77 days respectively. Oviposition period of fruit fly on pollard was longer than others. Total number of eggs was laid by fruit fly on pollard about twice to three times higher than others. In addition, longest period of male and female adults was shown by pollard. Net reproduction rate (Ro), mean of life span period (T), intrinsic rate of increase (rm), rate of limit rate of increase (λ) and reproduction value (RVx) shown by life table explained that pollard was suitable material for rearing of B. carambolae as diet.Keywords: artificial diet, B. carambolae, pollard, tofu waste, tapioca waste

The Application of Beauveria bassiana and Lufenuron Could Reduce the Reproduction of Fruit Fly (Bactrocera carambolae) (Drew dan Hancock) (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE) Mochammad Syamsul Hadi; Toto Himawan; Luqman Qurata Aini
Journal of Tropical Plant Protection Vol 1, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

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AbstractThis study was conducted to examine the effect of Beauveria bassiana and insect growth regulator lufenuron on the fecundity and reproductivity decline of fruit fly B. carambolae adults. The study was conducted at the Laboratory of Entomology, Department of Plant Pests and Diseases, Facultyof Agriculture, University of Brawijaya from March 2012 until December 2012. The density of B. bassiana spores used in this study was 108 spores/ml and the lufenuron concentrations used are 0.5, 1, and 1.5 ml/l. The results showed that the application of B. bassiana spores at density of 108 spores/ml combined with lufenuron at the concentration of 1.5 ml/l significantly reduced the fecundity, egg fertility and reproduction of B. carambolae up to 95.69%.Keywords: Beauveria bassiana, Bactrocera carambolae, Lufenuron.

The effect of PGPR (Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria) Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis On Leaf Mustard Plant (Brassica juncea L.) Infected by TuMV (Turnip Mosaic Virus) Bogi Diyansah; Luqman Qurata Aini; Tutung Hadiastono
Journal of Tropical Plant Protection Vol 1, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

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AbstractOne problem that causing leaf mustard yield loss is the infection of Turnip Mosaic Virus (TuMV). Thevirus causes mild mosaic leaf with vein clearing, blister, malformation and stunting. The use of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) such as Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis is oneeffort that could be used to solve the problem. Through the mechanism of induced resistance, thesebacteria can elicit the defense signal in plant for the defence against pathogens. In this study the use of Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis was performed to test their benefit on leaf mustard planthealth against TuMV infection. This study was conducted with a randomized block design (RBD) byusing 8 treatments and 4 replications. On the experiment of the effect of PGPR on the root length ofleaf mustard plants, the design used was a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and4 replications. Leaf mustard plants inoculated with Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis hadlonger roots than those without the inoculation of Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis. Inaddition, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis was also able to reduce the incubation periodand disease intensity of TuMV on the leaf mustard plant. The activity of catalase enzyme and phenolcontent was elevated in the leaf of leaf mustard plant inoculated with PGPR. The results suggested thatcatalase and phenol production probably play a role in plant defense of leaf mustard against theinfection of TuMV.Key word : Mustard, Turnip Mosaic Virus (TuMV), PGPR

Evaluation of Sucrose for In Vitro Germination and Growth of the Entomopathogenic Fungus Beauveria bassiana (BALSAMO) VUILLEMIN and Paecilomyces sp. (DEUTEROMYCETES, MONILIALES) Aminudin Afandhi; Siti Rasminah Chailani; Agustiawati Agustiawati
Journal of Tropical Plant Protection Vol 1, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

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AbstractIn order to examine some possible effects of granulated sugar and sucrose in B. bassiana conidiasuspension, we examined the effects of sucrose on germination dan growth of Beauveria bassiana and Paecilomyces sp. in vitro. We hoped to provide some information relevant to mass production methods for B. bassiana and Paecilomyces sp. The conidia germination and growth of B. bassiana and Paecilomyces sp. were increased by addition of sucrose in medium. The addition sucrose maybe a useful carbohydrate source for use in mass production and carrier ingredient into conidiasuspension as bioinsecticide.Keywords: Beauveria bassiana, Paecilomyces sp., conidia germination, mycelial growth, sucrose

Molecular Characterization of a Rigid Rod-Shaped Virus Isolated from Frangipani (Plumeria sp.) Showing Mosaic Symptom in Taiwan Choliq, Fery Abdul; Chen, Tsang Hai; Sulistyowati, Liliek
Journal of Tropical Plant Protection Vol 1, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

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Abstract Frangipani is an important succulent plant around the worlds and also in Taiwan, for example, Plumeria rubra is widely grown as a popular ornamental tree in parks and landscaped establishments in Taiwan. Recently, a new disease in frangipani with mosaic and distortion symptoms was found in Taiwan. No viruses caused frangipani disease has been reported in Taiwan and the references about frangipani disease are still limited and only Frangipani mosaic virus (FrMV) was found. In this study, the molecular properties of a virus isolated from symptomatic frangipani in south Taiwan, such as Pingtung, Kauhsiung and Tainan were investigated. The virus with rod-shaped particles of 300 nm long and 18 nm in diameter was examined inside diseased leaves by electron microscopy. The purified virus particles showed the typical UV spectrum of tobamoviruses with A260/A280 value of 1.29 and maximum and minimum absorption at 260 nm and 249 nm, respectively. The molecular weight of19.5 kDa as the size of coat protein of tobamoviruses was estimated bysodium dedocyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel (SDS-PAGE). Furthermore, the degenerate primers for tobamoviruses were used to amplify 568 bp and 400 bp of the DNA fragments in RT-PCR and nested PCR, respectively. Based on these results, it was confirmed that the rigidrod-shaped virus isolated from mosaic symptom of frangipani leaves is an isolate of FrMV, belonging to the genus Tobamovirus. This is the first report thatFrMV infecting Plumeria sp.in Taiwan. Keywords: Frangipani plant, mosaic disease, FrMV, Tobamovirus

Selection In vitro of Granola Potato M1 Againts Bacteria Wilt Disease Ralstonia solanacearum Asta, Hidayat; Wardiyati, Tatik; Maghfoer, Mochamad Dawam
Journal of Tropical Plant Protection Vol 1, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

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AbstracBacterial wilt disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is an important disease and could decreased yield up to 80%. Generally, bacterial disease is more difficult to control than other diseases. Moreover, there are no chemicals that can be used to control this pathogen. The approach through genetic improvement by using Ethyl Methane Sulfonate and in vitro selection are procesess to generate variants resistant against bacterial wilt on potato plants. Granola potato M1 is the result of treatment with mutagen Ethyl Methane Sulfonate.Â Based on the results of selection in vitro of potato plantlets M1 Granola with suspense of Rs 9 Ã 1010 CFU / ml, were can be induced E9 three potato plantlets are rather susceptible toÂ Ralstonia solanacearum through the regenerated node and E6 and E8 treatment can be induced moderately resistant planlets against Ralstonia solanacearum.Â Keyword: EMS, Granola, Ralstonia solanacearum

Molecular Characterization of a Rigid Rod-Shaped Virus Isolated from Frangipani (Plumeria sp.) Showing Mosaic Symptom in Taiwan Choliq, Fery Abdul; Chen, Tsang Hai; Sulistyowati, Liliek
Journal of Tropical Plant Protection Vol 1, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

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Frangipani is an important succulent plant around the worlds and also in Taiwan, for example, Plumeria rubra is widely grown as a popular ornamental tree in parks and landscaped establishments in Taiwan. Recently, a new disease in frangipani with mosaic and distortion symptoms was found in Taiwan. No viruses caused frangipani disease has been reported in Taiwan and the references about frangipani disease are still limited and only Frangipani mosaic virus (FrMV) was found. In this study, the molecular properties of a virus isolated from symptomatic frangipani in south Taiwan, such as Pingtung, Kauhsiung and Tainan were investigated. The virus with rod-shaped particles of 300 nm long and 18 nm in diameter was examined inside diseased leaves by electron microscopy. The purified virus particles showed the typical UV spectrum of tobamoviruses with A260/A280 value of 1.29 and maximum and minimum absorption at 260 nm and 249 nm, respectively. The molecular weight of19.5 kDa as the size of coat protein of tobamoviruses was estimated bysodium dedocyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel (SDS-PAGE). Furthermore, the degenerate primers for tobamoviruses were used to amplify 568 bp and 400 bp of the DNA fragments in RT-PCR and nested PCR, respectively. Based on these results, it was confirmed that the rigidrod-shaped virus isolated from mosaic symptom of frangipani leaves is an isolate of FrMV, belonging to the genus Tobamovirus. This is the first report thatFrMV infecting Plumeria sp.in Taiwan.Â Keywords: Frangipani plant, mosaic disease, FrMV, Tobamovirus

Leaf Extract of Mirabilis jalapa L. Induced Defense of Tomato Plant (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) Against Cucumber Mosaic Virus (CMV) Infection Dian Eka Kusumawati; Tutung Hadiastono; Luqman Qurata Aini
Journal of Tropical Plant Protection Vol 1, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

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AbstractInfection of Cucumber Mosaic Virus (CMV) could reduce the tomato production up to 50%depending on the age of the plant during infection and tomato varieties. Until now the controlefforts against CMV infection have been made, but no consistent effective method was available.Recently, new approach by increasing the plant health to defense against plant disease wasincreased. It can be stimulated by inoculation of microbes associated with roots or by application of plant extract such as Mirabilis jalapa. In this study, the effect of M. jalapa leaf extract in differentconcentration to develop control against CMV infection in tomato plants was conducted. The results showed that the application of M. jalapa leaf extract could inhibit the development of CMV diseasein tomato plants. The higher the concentration of M. jalapa leaf extract applied on tomato plant, thelower disease incidence as well as the longer incubation period of CMV disease in tomato plants.The applications of M. jalapa leaf extract elevated the activity of peroxidase and catalase enzymes.Thus, the inhibition of CMV disease development in tomato plant by application of M. jalapa leafextract may related to the induction of peroxidase and catalase activity in tomato plants.Keywords: M. jalapa, CMV, plant defense, leaf extract, peroxidase, catalase

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Abstract

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Contact Name
-

Contact Email
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Phone
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Journal Mail Official
-

Editorial Address
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Location
Kota malang,

Jawa timur

INDONESIA