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INDONESIA
Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi
Published by Universitas Airlangga
ISSN : 23017171     EISSN : 2541092X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Immunology & microbiology Public Health
The scope of JBE are Epidemiology of Communicable Disease, Epidemiology of Non-communicable Disease, Tropical Disease, Epidemiology Surveillance, Management Outbreak, Epidemiology of Preventable Disease, and Epidemiology of Cancer.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 417 Documents
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THE RELATIONSHIP OF DIABETES MELLITUS AND HYPERTENSION WITH MORTALITY IN COVID-19 PATIENTS Yasmin Nihayatun Nadzifah; Atik Choirul Hidajah
Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022): Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi (Periodic Epidemiology Journal)
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jbe.V10I22022.219-226

Abstract

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can infect the human respiratory system and causes 6.93% of all deaths in East Java Province. Comorbid diabetes mellitus and hypertension can exacerbate COVID-19 patients. Purpose: This study aims to analyze the relationship between diabetes mellitus and hypertension with mortality in COVID-19 Patients in Lamongan District. Methods: This study used an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design. The study population was patients diagnosed with COVID-19 and registered at Lamongan District Health Office from April to August 2020, as many as 412 patients. The study sample was 93 patients who were taken by simple random sampling. The dependent variable in the study was the incident of mortality in COVID-19 patients. The independent variables in the study were gender, age, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. Data analysis was using the chi-square test. Results: The variables studied that had a relationship with mortality in COVID-19 patients were age ≥ 60 years (p = 0.02; PR = 3.23; 95% CI = 1.29 <PR <8.10) and diabetes mellitus (p = 0.03; PR = 3.20; 95% CI = 1.23 <PR <8.36). The variables studied that did not have a relationship with mortality in COVID-19 patients were gender (p = 0.30; PR = 1.72; 95% CI = 0.74 <PR <4.03) and hypertension (p = 0.72; PR = 1.37; 95% CI = 0.34 <PR <5.48). Conclusion: Age and diabetes mellitus are significantly associated with mortality in COVID-19 patients, but sex and hypertension are not significantly associated with mortality in COVID-19 patients.
THE IMPACT OF ACNE VULGARIS ON THE QUALITY OF LIFE IN TEEN PATIENTS Damayanti -; Menul Ayu Umborowati; Zsa Zsa Ollyvia; Nining Febriyana
Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022): Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi (Periodic Epidemiology Journal)
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jbe.V10I22022.189-198

Abstract

Background: Acne vulgaris (AV) is one of the most common cutaneous diseases in teenagers, which causes a decrease in self-esteem. Low self-esteem can affect the quality of life in AV patients. Purpose: This research aims to analyze the impact of AV on the quality of life in teenage patients based on their age, education level, and AV severity. Methods: This research used a non-probability purposive sampling technique and an observational analytic method with a cross-sectional design. The research location was SMPN 18 and SMAN 3 Surabaya. This study was conducted from August 2019 until January 2020. The samples were 109 teenagers; the total population was 2,121 teenagers. Research variables are AV severity and AV patients' quality of life. Research instruments were Lehmann’s Grading System for evaluating AV severity and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) in teenage AV patients. Data obtained was analyzed with the fisher-exact test method. Results: There were 46 (42.20%) males and 63 (57.80%) females in this study. DLQI results showed that AV had an enormous impact on quality of life in 12.80% of cases among all subjects. AV has a great potential to precipitate anxiety and affect the quality of life without considering the severity of the disease. Correlation between quality of life and age; quality of life and education level; quality of life and AV severity level resulted in p values of 0.19; 0.08; and 0.59. Conclusion: The management of AV in teenage patients should consist of individual treatment, education about AV, and its impact on the quality of life, as one of the critical social determinants of health.
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH DIARRHEA MANAGEMENT IN CHILDREN UNDER FIVE YEARS IN INDONESIA Syahla 'Asilah; Erni Astutik; Rukhsana Khan
Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022): Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi (Periodic Epidemiology Journal)
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jbe.V10I22022.130-139

Abstract

Background: Diarrhea is the highest cause of death for toddlers globally. The proper management of diarrhea can prevent death from diarrhea, and the mother is the key to selecting handlers against diarrhea in the child. Purpose: This study aims to assess factors related to diarrhea management in children under five years in Indonesia. Methods: The type of research is observational analytics with a cross-sectional design. Maternal data analyzed in this study were 819 data obtained from the IDHS in 2017. Multivariable Logistic Regression is used to analyze the data. Results:  Fifty-eight point five percent of all toddlers had poor diarrhea management. It consists of toddlers with a maternal age range of 20-24 years (p=0.04; AOR=2.37, 95%CI=1.03-5.41), and toddlers with a maternal age range of 30-34 years (p=0.03; AOR=2.47, 95%CI=1.07-5.68). Moreover, there are toddlers with a maternal age range of 45-49 years (p=0.03; AOR=13.34, 95%CI=1.25-146.80), toddlers with maternal age older than fathers (p=0.03; AOR=2.04, 95%CI=1.09-3.80), toddlers of mothers with several living children is 1-2 (p=0.02; AOR=2.59, 95%CI=1.19-5.62), and toddlers with a residence in rural areas (p=0.02; AOR=1.52, 95%CI=1.06-2.19) have a higher chance of getting poor diarrhea treatment. Conclusion: The factors of diarrhea management, such as the mother's age, the difference in age between men and women, number of living children, and residence, have a significant link with diarrhea in children under five years.
TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS, ANEMIA, AND HYPERTENSION AS THE RISK FACTORS THAT AFFECT THE INCIDENCE OF METASTATIC BREAST CANCER Elma Elmika; Selamat Budijitno; Ari Suwondo
Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022): Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi (Periodic Epidemiology Journal)
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jbe.V10I22022.151-158

Abstract

Background: Breast cancer is one of the most common gynecologic malignancies in women and the main cause of death in 25% of all cases. The main cause of death from breast cancer is metastases, it is estimated that 5-10% of breast cancers have metastasized at the time of early diagnosis with an advanced stage. Purpose: To analyze the risk factors that influence the incidence of metastases in patients with advanced breast cancer. Methods: This study is an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design, the number of samples in the study was 120 patients. The inclusion criteria of the study sample were breast cancer patients with advanced stages III and IV in the last five years. Exclusion criteria were incomplete patient medical records. The sampling technique in this study was consecutive sampling. This research was conducted at Ibnu Sina Hospital, Makassar City. The variables analyzed in this study were type 2 diabetes mellitus, anemia, and hypertension which were tested with the chi-square test. Results: The results of this study showed that diabetes mellitus type 2 (p=0.00; Prevalence Rate [PR]=1.79; 95% CI=1.32-2.42) and anemia (p=0.03; Prevalence Rate [PR] = 1.82; 95% CI = 1.61-2.86) is a risk factor that affects the incidence of metastases in patients with advanced breast cancer. While the risk factor that has no effect is hypertension. Conclusion: Type 2 diabetes mellitus and anemia are risk factors that influence the incidence of metastases in breast cancer patients.
ANALYSIS OF THE USE OF ANTIBIOTICS IN ASYMPTOMATIC, MILD, AND MODERATE COVID-19 PATIENTS TREATED IN BHAYANGKARA HOSPITAL Putri Ayu Irma Ikasanti; Rika Yulia; Fauna Herawati; Ruddy Hartono; Puri Safitri Hanum
Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022): Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi (Periodic Epidemiology Journal)
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jbe.V10I22022.179-188

Abstract

Background: COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by a new type of virus named SARS-CoV-2. There is still no specific treatment for COVID-19; the antibiotic is used for therapy and to prevent severe disease, so the increasing use of antibiotics in COVID-19 patients will lead to a detrimental impact and the risk of antibiotic resistance. Purpose: This study aims to analyze antibiotic use frequency and determine the number of DDD per 100 bed-days in July – December 2020 at Bhayangkara Hospital Surabaya. Methods: This research was a descriptive study with a retrospective study design conducted at Bhayangkara Hospital Surabaya in May – June 2021. The data were collected from 94 medical records, inclusion criteria: all ages; asymptomatic, mild, and moderate categories; all hospitalized patients in July-December 2020 who received antibiotics; the exclusion criteria: non-confirmed COVID-19 patients who had comorbidities and received antibiotics; the patient who died. The variables: frequency of antibiotic use with calculating the number of DDD/100 bed-days and percentage of COVID-19 patients who received antibiotics during hospitalization. Results: The frequency of antibiotic use in asymptomatic, mild, and moderate COVID-19 patients: 86.56 DDD/100 bed-days, the most antibiotic use was azithromycin at 50.42 DDD/100 bed-days and Levofloxacin at 22.70 DDD/100 bed-days. All asymptomatic, mild, and moderate COVID-19 patients (100%) at Bhayangkara Hospital Surabaya were treated with antibiotics, whereas the condition of patients was 5.32% asymptomatic, 48.94% mild, and 45.74% moderate. Conclusion: There is overuse of antibiotics in asymptomatic, mild and moderate COVID-19 patients at Bhayangkara Hospital Surabaya.
PREVALENCE OF DENGUE HEMORRHAGIC FEVER IN BALI FROM 2015 TO 2020 AND DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC I Made Dwi Mertha Adnyana; Farachatus Salwa Salsabila Azhari; Ni Luh Gede Sudaryati
Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022): Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi (Periodic Epidemiology Journal)
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jbe.V10I22022.169-178

Abstract

Background: Dengue hemorrhagic fever cases increased significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic phase. Purpose: This study defines, describes, and evaluates the dengue hemorrhagic fever incidence in Bali Province from 2015 to 2020 and in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The various types of descriptive study with case series design. The study used an environmental epidemiology approach to analyze the health profile of Bali Province. The number of DHF cases in 2015-2020, DHF-related morbidity and death rates, larva-free rates, climate, population and population density, and gender were variables in this study. The study took place in May and June 2021. Results: The prevalence of dengue hemorrhagic fever in the province of Bali fluctuated between 2015 and 2020. The highest number of dengue cases in 2016 was 20,306, and they fell from 2017 to 2019. Cases doubled in 2020, up by 12,173. The endemic areas with the highest prevalence of cases are in the districts of Buleleng and Badung. The highest incidence rate was in 2016 at 483/100,000 population, and for the last five years, it has not met the national target of 49/100,000 population. The highest CFR figure in 2020 was 0.43%, an increase of 1.5 times during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion: The prevalence of dengue hemorrhagic fever cases in Bali in 2015 – 2020 fluctuated significantly, and mortality due to dengue during the COVID-19 pandemic experienced a significant increase.
CORONAVIRUS-RELATED ANXIETY WITH HYPERGLYCEMIA IN TYPE 2 DIABETES PATIENTS Kholisotul Hikmah; Helda Helda; Caroline Killeen
Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022): Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi (Periodic Epidemiology Journal)
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jbe.V10I22022.111-120

Abstract

Background: COVID-19 might also predispose individuals to elevate blood glucose as the effect of anxiety. Blood glucose level is an important risk factor for the prognosis of disease among diabetes patients.  Purpose: This study aimed to assess the effect of Coronavirus-related anxiety with hyperglycemia incidence among type 2 diabetes patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 143 individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus, from 25 January to 29 February 2021. This study was conducted both online and by assessing archives of medical records using random samples.  Results: A total of 143 respondents completed the questionnaire, with 59.44% females and 40.56% males. More than half of the respondents (55.94%) who reported hyperglycemia showed COVID-19 anxiety, and 51.05% of them experienced ≥ 8 years of diabetes. COVID-19 anxiety was associated positively with the risk of hyperglycemia among type 2 diabetes patients (PR>1). Severe worry about the pandemic had the highest risk of hyperglycemia compared to moderate and mild anxiety. This finding is confounded by diabetes duration (PR discrepancy >10% and PR>1 for ≥8 years long-duration). Conclusion: This study suggests a positive association between COVID-19 anxiety and hyperglycemia while the degree of anxiety is associated with an increased risk of hyperglycemia.
THE IMPACT OF KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE OF EATING BEHAVIOR ON STUNTING AND UNDERNUTRITION IN CHILDREN IN THE AGRICULTURAL AREA OF JEMBER DISTRICT, INDONESIA Ancah Caesarina Novi Marchianti; Dwita Aryadina Rachmawati; Ida Srisurani Wiji Astuti; Angga Mardro Raharjo; Rony Prasetyo
Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022): Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi (Periodic Epidemiology Journal)
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jbe.V10I22022.140-150

Abstract

Background: Indonesia as an agricultural country is still having nutritional problems (stunting and undernutrition) caused by mothers’ lack of knowledge, attitude and practice of eating behavior. Purpose: This research aims to investigate the impact of knowledge, attitude, and practice of eating behavior of mothers of children under five on stunting and undernutrition prevalence in the agricultural communities in Jember. Methods: This cross-sectional research used questionnaires as a method to collect data from respondents i.e. mothers who have toddlers about the knowledge, attitudes and practice of eating behavior. The research was conducted in 2018-2019 in Jember. A total of 414 respondents who met the inclusion criteria (those resided in the study area and were willing to participate in this study) were chosen through random sampling. The data were then analyzed by using Spearman rho’s test to search the effect of the knowledge and attitudes of the mothers of under fives toward stunting and undernutrition. While eating behavior was described based on the results of interviews with respondents on 2x24 hours of food recall and food frequency questionnaires.  Results: This study showed that knowledge and attitudes of mothers regarding eating behavior were related to the occurrence of stunting (p = 0.01; p = 0.04) and malnutrition (p = 0.04), except for the attitude variable towards malnutrition (p = 0.81). Data analysis results regarding eating behavior showed that there was still a lack of fulfillment of certain nutrients, both macronutrients (fiber) and micronutrients (Vitamin B1, Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Potassium, Sodium, Calcium and Folic Acid.) to the RDA reference which was recorded as severe deficiency in 60-97% of children under five. Conclusion: Adequate knowledge and attitudes of mothers of diet can be a factor that prevents nutritional problems (stunting and malnutrition). The consumption pattern assessed showed that there was still a lack of fulfillment of certain nutrients both macro (fiber) and micronutrients against RDA reference. Further research needs to be done to explore the right promotive and prevention approach based on the lack of nutrition found in each area.
PROFILE OF NEURAL TUBE DEFECT IN RSUD Dr. SOETOMO, 2013-2018 Mohammad Nata Ardiansyah; Muhammad Arifin Parenrengi; Prastiya Indra Gunawan; Wihasto Suryaningtyas
Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022): Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi (Periodic Epidemiology Journal)
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jbe.V10I22022.199-209

Abstract

Background: Congenital abnormalities are structural growth abnormalities that have arisen since the intrauterine life caused by many factors, including genetics, pregnancy nutrition, infection, and social status. Purpose: This study aims to observe the clinical profile of Neural Tube Defect (NTD) patients in Dr. Soetomo Hospital from 2013 to 2018. Methods: This research was a descriptive study using secondary data from medical records from September 2013 to March 2018 to determine the profile of NTDs. The inclusion criteria for this study were patients aged 1-14 years diagnosed with NTD. Variables observed included gender, age, primary diagnosis, natal history, nutritional status, history of past therapy, referral status, comorbidities, and outputs. Data analysis was conducted in a descriptive method and presented in tables and diagrams. Results: This study found that out of 232 samples, 122 were female and 110 were male. Spina bifida unspecified was the most common diagnosis in 80 patients (32.78%), then encephalocele unspecified, 50 (20.49%), encephalocele anterior, 31 (12.44%), Myelomeningocele (MMC), 25 (10.24%), encephalocele unspecified, 23 (9.42%), and lipomyelocele, 20 (8.19%). There was 244 diagnosis found with 12 dual diagnoses. Works done depend on the clinical and nutritional condition of the patient. Patients with NTD tend to need more nutrition. Most NTD patients present with comorbidities, and the most common one is hydrocephalus. Many NTD patients had unknown treatment output. Most patients were still in outpatient care for further supervision. Conclusion: NTD incidence rate in RSUD Dr. Soetomo 2013-2018 is still relatively high.
SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERN OF METHICILLIN-RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS BACTERIA IN DR. SOETOMO GENERAL ACADEMIC HOSPITAL SURABAYA Sacharissa Zerlina Tsarwah Thirafi; Rosantia Sarassari; Bramantono Bramantono; Kuntaman Kuntaman
Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi Vol. 10 No. 3 (2022): Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi (Periodic Epidemiology Journal)
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jbe.V10I32022.331-340

Abstract

Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Gram-positive bacteria causing infection in hospital-acquired infection, has increased worldwide, including in Indonesia. Currently, the updated data on MRSA in Indonesia is limited. Purpose: This study aims to explore the prevalence and susceptibility pattern of MRSA in Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital Surabaya, Indonesia. Methods: This study was a descriptive-analytic study with a retrospective design. All clinical isolates of Methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and MRSA from January to December 2017 were included. All inpatients included one MSSA or MRSA, and colonized bacteria were excluded. Data were analyzed using Chi-Square or Fisher’s Exact Test. Results: A total of 503 Staphylococcus aureus isolates were identified, of which 126 (25.05%) were MRSA. The highest prevalence of MRSA was from pus, wound swab, and tissue,  59 (28.37%) from 333, and the highest prevalence of the ward was in the intensive care unit (50%). MRSA were highly sensitive to daptomycin (n=95/95; 100%), linezolid (n=123/125; 98.40%), vancomycin (n=120/125; 96.00%), nitrofurantoin (n=43/45; 95.56%), quinupristin-dalfopristin (n=112/121; 92.56%), fosfomycin (n=87/97; 89.69%), and moxifloxacin (n=104/117; 88.89%). The susceptibility of the other antibiotics such as rifampicin, clindamycin, erythromycin, chloramphenicol, cotrimoxazole, levofloxacin, gentamicin, and tetracycline was less than 80%. Conclusion: The prevalence of MRSA among hospitalized patients in Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, is 25.05% and tends to decrease from January to December 2017. Most MRSA was sensitive/intermediate to daptomycin, linezolid, vancomycin, nitrofurantoin, quinupristin-dalfopristin, fosfomycin, and moxifloxacin.

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