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Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
ISSN : 18296971     EISSN : 24604461     DOI : 10.20543
Core Subject : Engineering,
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik (Journal of Leather, Rubber, and Plastics) publishes original research focused on materials, processes, and waste management in the field of leather, rubber, and plastics.
Articles 781 Documents
Peningkatan kualitas air limbah terolah industri penyamakah kulit menggunakan taman tanaman air dengan tumbuhan bambu air Prayitno, Prayitno; Sholeh, Muhammad
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 30, No 1 (2014): Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (894.781 KB) | DOI: 10.20543/mkkp.v30i1.120

Abstract

A research of constructed wetland system vegetated with Equisetum hyemale for treating of treated tannery wastewater have been conducted. The constructed wetland was 3 m long, 1 m wide, and 1 m deep or equal with volume of 3 m3. The construction of wetland consisted of 4 main layers (from the bottom to the top): 0.3 m of rock; 0.3 m of gravel; 0.1 m of black sugar-palm fiber; and 0.3 m of sand. The wetland was operated with subsurface flow system (SSF). The detention time was varied at 3.125; 2.083; and 1.563 days. The result showed that the optimum removal were 60.60% for COD with detention time of 3.125 days, 60.17% for BOD with detention time of 2.083 days, 93.76% for TSS with detention time of 3.125 days, 89.02%  for S with detention time of 3.125 days and 96.89% for total chrome wth detention time of 2.083 days.ABSTRAKTelah dilakukan penelitian taman tanaman air (TTA) dengan tanaman bambu air untuk mengolah limbah cair terolah industri penyamakan kulit. Konstruksi TTA berukuran panjang 3 m, lebar 1 m, dan dalam 1 m, atau sama dengan volume 3 m3. Media terdiri atas empat lapisan mulai dari bawah adalah koral 0,3 m, kerikil 0,3 m, ijuk 0,1 m, dan lapisan paling atas adalah pasir 0,3 m. TTA dioperasikan dengan sistem aliran subsurface (SSF). Waktu tinggal divariasi berturut-turut pada 3,125; 2,083; dan 1,563 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukan efektivitas penurunan COD sebesar 60,60% dengan waktu tinggal 3,125 hari, penurunan BOD sebesar 60,17% dengan waktu tinggal 2,083 hari, penurunan TSS sebesar 93,76% dengan waktu tinggal 3,125 hari, penurunan S sebesar 89,02% dengan waktu tinggal 3,125 hari dan penurunan krom sebesar 96,89% dengan waktu tinggal 2,083 hari.
Pengaruh penggunaan pankreas sapi dan dua jenis bahan penyamak terhadap kualitas fisik kulit skrotum kambing Widowati, Titik Purwati; Suwarastuti, Agustini; Budi P, Amad
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 19, No 1 (2003): Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1581.956 KB) | DOI: 10.20543/mkkp.v19i1.246

Abstract

The pancreas of cow was applied as bating agent for wet-salted scrotum skins of goat. The bated skins were then applied with vetetable tanning, chrome-agent and the combination of both agents. The tanned skins were analyzed their tensile strength and elasticity. The results showed that there were significant differencis on those parameters. The tensile strength and elasticity of chrome tanned, vegetable tanned, and the combination of chrome and vegetable tanned-skins were 107,75 kg/cm2 and 100,5%; 56,83 kg/cm2 and 27,83 %;  and 52,28 kg/cm2 and 55,67% respectively. The tensile strength and elasticity of tanned skins indicated a tendency to increase when the concentration of cow pancreas was increased up to 1.5 % and decreased when the concentration reaches 2 % for chrome tanned skins.  Keywords :  cow pancreas, goat scrotum skin, vegetable tanning, chrome tanning.  
Penggunaan karet nitril untuk pembuatan kompon oil seal Rochani, Siti; Purwanti, Christiana Maria Herry
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 15, No 2 (1999): Majalah Barang Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2228.649 KB) | DOI: 10.20543/mkkp.v15i2.264

Abstract

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Sifat elektrik dan termal nanokomposit poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)/low density polyethylene (LDPE) Yuniari, Arum
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 30, No 2 (2014): Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (730.027 KB) | DOI: 10.20543/mkkp.v30i2.126

Abstract

One of the most serious problems encountered in poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) processing is due to low thermal stability of the PVC. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of LDPE and flame retardant on to the electrical and thermal nanocomposites properties The nanocomposites were prepared using a laboplastomill with (15; 20; 25 and 30 phr) LDPE and (30 and 35 phr) flame retardant at 215 ºC and 50 rpm rotor speed. The thermal properties of nanocomposite was evaluated by TGA/DTA and DSC, electrical properties was evaluated by volume resistivity. Thermal analysis results revealed that decomposition of nanocomposites occured at 280 ºC. DSC results show that crystalisation temperatur (Tc) at 250 ºC, melting temperature (Tm) at 260 ºC and glass temperature (Tg) at 60 ºC. The IR spectra of nanocomposites showed that there was absorption at 1579 cm-1 formed polyene (C=C). The electrical testing of nanocomposites fullfill the quality requirements of SNI 04-6504-2001 Lampu swaballast untuk pelayanan umum-persyaratan keselamatan ≥ 4 MΩ..Keywords: nanocomposites, PVC, LDPE, thermal, electrical.ABSTRAKSalah satu permasalahan yang dihadapi pada proses pengolahan poli (vinil klorida) (PVC) adalah stabilitas termal. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh LDPE dan flame retardant terhadap sifat elektrik dan termal nanokomposit. Nanokomposit dibuat menggunakan laboplastomil pada suhu 215 ºC dan kecepatan rotor 50 rpm ditambah dengan (15, 20, 25 dan 30 phr) LDPE dan (30 dan 35 phr) flame retardant. Sifat termal nanokomposit dievaluasi dengan TGA/DTA dan DSC, sifat elektrikal dievaluasi dengan volume resistivitas. Hasil uji sifat termal (TGA/DTA) menunjukkan dekomposisi nanokomposit terjadi pada suhu 280 - 400 ºC. Hasil uji DSC menunjukkan bahwa temperatur kristalisasi (Tc) pada 250 ºC, suhu leleh (Tm) pada 260 ºC dan suhu gelas (Tg) pada 60 ºC. Spektrum IR nanokomposit pada panjang gelombang 1579 cm-1 menunjukkan terbentuknya gugus poliena (C=C). Hasil uji sifat elektrik nanokomposit memenuhi persyaratan mutu SNI 04-6504-2001: Lampu swaballast untuk pelayanan umum-persyaratan keselamatan ≥ 4 MΩ.Kata kunci: nanokomposit, PVC, LDPE, termal, elektrik.
Zeolit sebagai bahan pengisi pada kompon karet ditinjau dari sifat fisika vulkanisatnya Setyowati, Penny
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 18, No 1 (2002): Majalah Barang Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1623.299 KB) | DOI: 10.20543/mkkp.v18i1.269

Abstract

Zeolities are natural rock found in a large – scale in Indonesia and it can be used as rubber and plastic filler. In this research, mordenite zeolite was used as a rubber compound filler at 50 – 100 phr (per hunddreed rubber) variation and with High Abrasion Furnace (HAF) black and minarex oil combination by 10/6 and 20/8 ratio. The aim of the research was to study the influence of zeolite in rubber compound, concerning to physical properties of the vulanicase. The effect of zeolit addition on rubber compound was a decrease in the tension break 13.85-15.33%, the elongation break 9.5-12 %, the tear resistance 9.1-23.1 % and the abrasion resistance 15.75-23.95% of the volcanicase, while the hardness was increase 10 %. Decreasing of such physical properties can be prevent by mixing it with HAF black and minarex oil combination. The best result was reached at application of zeolite 50 phr with HAF black and minarex oil combination.                           . Key words : Zeolit, rubber, filter.
Optimasi proses finishing kulit ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus) untuk bagian atas sepatu Kasmudjiastuti, Emiliana
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 30, No 2 (2014): Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (493.336 KB) | DOI: 10.20543/mkkp.v30i2.131

Abstract

The aims of this study was to get the optimum finishing formulations of tilapia fish skin for shoe upper. The variations of experiment were four factors, namely of the variation of binders (1:2 and 1:3), lacquer water (1:1 and 1:2), plating temperatures (50, 65, 80 and 95°C) and plating time (0.5, 1, and 1.5 seconds). Testing was conducted on tensile strength, elongation at break, tear strength, stitch strength, softness, and colour fastness. Statistical analysis was conducted using the General Linear Model (GLM) followed by Tukey’s Studentized Range Test (TSRT). The results showed that the optimum formula for finishing were performed by a variation of binder 1:2, lacquer water 1:2, temperature of plating 95°C and time of plating 1.5 seconds, and it was characterized by the physical properties of tensile strength 177.32 kg/cm2, elongation at break 62%, tear strength 41.92 kg/cm, stitch strength 113.06 kg/cm, softness 2.33 and generally met the standard requirements of SNI 0253:2009: Footwear upper leather - goat skin.Keywords: tilapia fish skin, aqueous top coat, leather finishing.ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan formulasi optimum untuk finishing kulit ikan nila sebagai bagian atas sepatu. Variasi perlakuan dalam percobaan terdiri atas empat faktor yaitu variasi binder (1:2 dan 1:3), lak air (1:1 dan 1:2), suhu plating (50, 65, 80, dan 95oC), dan waktu plating (0,5; 1; dan 1,5 detik). Parameter mutu sampel meliputi uji kekuatan tarik, kemuluran, kekuatan sobek, kekuatan jahit, kelemasan, dan ketahanan gosok cat. Analisis statistik menggunakan General Linier Model (GLM) dilanjutkan dengan uji Tukey’s Studentized Range Test (TSRT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa formula optimum untuk finishing diperoleh dari perlakuan penggunaan binder 1: 2, lak air 1: 2, suhu plating 95oC dan waktu plating 1,5 detik. Bagian atas sepatu tersebut memiliki kekuatan tarik 177,32 kg/cm2, kemuluran 62%, kekuatan sobek 41,92 kg/cm, kekuatan jahit 113,06 kg/cm, kelemasan 2,33 dan secara umum parameter mutu bagian atas sepatu kulit ikan nila memenuhi persyaratan SNI 0253:2009 Kulit bagian atas alas kaki - kulit kambing.Kata kunci: kulit ikan nila, aqueous top coat, finishing kulit.
Penelitian pengaruh stabilizer BaCd kompleks terhadap sifat fisis kompon PVC untuk acuan sepatu Hs, Sunarso
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 2, No 3-4 (1986): Majalah Barang Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (956.469 KB) | DOI: 10.20543/mkkp.v2i3-4.275

Abstract

Ba Cd a material used as a stabilizer. By adding Ba Cd stabilizer to the plastics compound in this experiment will avoid degradation wich makes the physical properties of the compound lower.The research proved that Ba Cd causes the compound unchanged the properties of impact strength after the compound gets heat treatment.The applicate of 4,5% Ba Cd stabilizer improved the quality of the compound for last making.
Pembuatan vermikompos menggunakan limbah fleshing di industri penyamakan kulit Prayitno, Prayitno
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 29, No 2 (2013): Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (534.766 KB) | DOI: 10.20543/mkkp.v29i2.194

Abstract

ABSTRACTA research on utilization of fleshing waste at the tannery industry by vermicomposting have been conducted. The growth media consist of dung, fleshing waste, and stubbles. Ratio of dung and fleshing waste were varied at 100:0; 90:10; 80:20; 70:30; 60:40; and 50:50 respectively. All the media were fermented for three weeks and then proceeded by incubation process of earthworm for another six weeks. The changes of the volume per weight of media, the earthworm weight, C, N, and C/N ratio were observed and measured every week. The result showed that media volume per weight value were decreased in direct proportional to weight of the fleshing waste added in the media, those were 1.66; 1.64; 1.53; 1.50; 1.39; and 1.31 cm3/g, respectively. C/N ratio were below 15 for all combination of media ratio after two weeks incubation. The optimum result was achieved for compost with dung and fleshing waste ratio of 60:40.Keywords: Earthworm, fleshing waste, C/N ratio, vermicomposting.ABSTRAKTelah dilakukan penelitian pemanfaatan limbah sisa fleshing pada proses penyamakan kulit untuk pembuatan kompos menggunakan cacing tanah. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan membuat media pertumbuhan cacing tanah yang terdiri atas campuran kotoran sapi, sisa fleshing, dan potongan jerami. Perbandingan antara kotoran sapi dengan limbah fleshing berturut-turut 100:0; 90:10; 80:20; 70:30; 60:40; dan 50:50. Fermentasi campuran bahan kompos dilakukan selama 3 minggu dan dilanjutkan pemeraman cacing selama 6 minggu. Setiap minggu dilakukan pengamatan terhadap parameter keberhasilan pembuatan media habitat cacing tanah yang meliputi nilai keambanan media, berat cacing, unsur C, unsur N dan rasio C/N. Hasil percobaan menunjukan keambanan media turun seiring dengan jumlah limbah fleshing yang ditambahkan, berturut-turut sebesar 1,66; 1,64; 1,53; 1,50; 1,39; dan 1,31 cm3/g, sedangkan rasio C/N hingga dibawah 15 untuk semua perlakuan dicapai setelah inkubasi 2 (dua) minggu. Rasio C/N optimum diperoleh pada perlakuan dengan perbandingan kotoran sapi dengan fleshing 60:40.Kata kunci: cacing tanah, limbah fleshing, rasio C/N, vermikompos.
Biodegradable and water-soluble polycarboxylates derived from starch Winursito, Isananto
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 28, No 1 (2012): Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (519.194 KB) | DOI: 10.20543/mkkp.v28i1.199

Abstract

abstractThis research present electrical and thermal properties of the Nano composite high density poly Utilizationof natural resources, like polysaccharide, as a raw material for the preparation of biodegradable andfunctional polymer was studied. Partially dicarboxylated polysaccharides were prepared using starch fromcorn, sago and tapioca, and comparison was made of their biodegradability, hydrolytic degradability andcalcium ion sequestration capacity. The biodegradability of dicarboxylated starch sodium salt (DC-starch)depended on the dicarboxylation degree. DC-starch containing more than 75-85 mol% of unreactedglucopyranose groups in the polymer chain showed excellent biodegradation. DC-starch with highdicarboxylation degree was resistant to biodegradation but showed good calcium ion sequestration.Among DC-starches from corn, sago and tapioca starches, hydrolytic degradability and calcium ionsequestration performance were essentially the same.Keywords: biodegradation, dicarboxylated starch, polycarboxylate, water-soluble polymer.
Penelitian untuk rol karet gilingan padi Herminiwati, Herminiwati; Yuniari, Arum
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 2, No 5 (1987): Majalah Barang Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1193.332 KB) | DOI: 10.20543/mkkp.v2i5.280

Abstract

8 (eight) samples of different trade-mark of Rice hulling rubber rolls that consist of four types of roll size, the colour of which are grey, dark green and brown are tested for the purpose of this research. The roll testing method and technical specification is taken from Indian Standard and Japanese Industrial Standard. The test results of physical properties which are determinated as the decisive factor of the quality are as follow : thickness 18,54 mm – 21,60 mm, tensile strength 10,85 N/mm2 – 16,65 N/mm2 , elongation at break 106,8 % - 258,0 %, hardness before anging 87 – 95 Shore A and after aging 82 – 92 Shore A, abrasion resistance (Grasselli) 0,070 mm3/kgm – 0,79 mm3/kgm

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