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Pharmacon
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
ISSN : 14114283     EISSN : 26855062     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia is a collection of publication journals, covering all aspects of Pharmaceutical sciences, including Technology of Formulations, Excipients Optimization, Extract and Herbal Standardizations, Pharmacological activity determination on natural sources, Drug Synthesize and Development, Molecular Biology, Antibiotic Screening, Metabolite Profiling and Quantification, Clinical Pharmacy, Health and Environmental issues, published by Faculty of Pharmacy, Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. We look forward to working with pharmaceutical community of researchers as we are intended to serve as a major resource for pharmaceutical information.
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Articles 311 Documents
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UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIRADIKAL EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN Elephantopus schaber L., Ocimum basilicum L.forma citratum Back., Graptophylum pictum Griff, dan Gynura procumbens Merr. DENGAN METODE DPPH (1,1- Difenil-2- Pikril Hidrazil) SERTA PENETAPAN KADAR FENOLIK TOT Ratnaningrum, Astrina Dewi; Wahyuni, Arifah Sri; Melannisa, Rosita; Dian Kusuma, Ika Trisharyanti
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol 13, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

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Abstract

Daun  Elephantopus schaber L. (tapak liman), Ocimum basilicum L.forma citratum Back., (selasih) Graptophylum pictum Griff (daun ungu), dan Gynura procumbens Merr. (sambung nyawa) memiliki kandungan kimia yang dapat berperan sebagai antiradikal, diantaranya adalah senyawa fenolik. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat korelasi kandungan fenolik total keempat daun terhadap aktivitas antiradikalnya. Sampel uji yaitu ekstrak etanol daun selasih, ungu, sambung nyawa, dan tapak liman ditentukan aktivitas antiradikal dengan menggunakan metode DPPH (1,1 difenil-2-pikrilhidrazil) kemudian dihitung nilai inhibitory concentration (IC50). Kandungan fenolik total ditentukan secara spektrofotometri menggunakan pereaksi Folin-Ciocalteu dan dihitung sebagai GAE (gallic acid equivalent) yaitu jumlah kesetaraan miligram asam galat dalam satu gram sampel. Penelitian menunjukkan ekstrak etanol daun selasih, ungu, sambung nyawa dan tapak liman memiliki aktivitas antiradikal dengan nilai IC50 berturut-turut 36,028; 54,998; 103,650; 252,857µg/mL dan kadar fenolik total berturut-turut 167,451; 147,064; 39,371 dan 20,539 mg/g sampel. Hasil penelitian secara keseluruhan menunjukkan ekstrak etanol daun selasih, ungu, sambung nyawa dan tapak liman berkorelasi positif terhadap aktivitas antiradikalnya.  Kata kunci: Antiradikal, DPPH, IC50, fenolik total, Elephantopus schaber L., Ocimum basilicum L.forma citratum Back., Graptophylum pictum Griff, Gynura procumbens Merr.
POLA KUMAN DAN RESISTENSINYA TERHADAP ANTIBIOTIKA DARI SPESIMEN PUS DI RSUD Dr. MOEWARDI TAHUN 2012 Indrayudha, Peni
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol 13, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

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Abstract

Resistensi terhadap antibiotika merupakan problem yang sering terjadi di seluruh dunia termasuk Indonesia. Pola resistensi ini selalu mengalami pergeseran dan perubahan dari setiap periode pemeriksaan. Oleh karena itu perlu suatu usaha untuk mencegah dan mengatasi munculnya resistensi bakteri dengan monitoring pemakaian antibiotika dibidang kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola kuman dan resistensinya terhadap antibiotika dari spesimen pus di RSUD Dr. Moewardi. Ketepatan penentuan diagnosis dan pemilihan antibiotika berdasarkan uji resistensi sangat membantu dalam penatalaksanaan dan efektifitas terapi. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Klinik RSUD Dr. Moewardi dan Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Kedokteran UNS Surakarta. Spesimen yang digunakan berupa pus (nanah) pasien yang berkunjung atau dirawat di RSUD Dr. Moewardi periode Agustus-Oktober 2012. Jumlah sampel 53, isolasi dan identifikasi dilakukan sesuai standard laboratorium, ditambah dengan data sekunder hasil uji kuman. Uji kepekaan menggunakan metode disc diffusion pada media agar Mueller Hinton. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari total sampel yang diisolasi, terdiri dari kuman Gram negatif (66,04%) dan kuman Gram positif (33,96%). Kuman Staphylococcus aureus dominan ditemukan pada spesimen pus (30,19%). Bakteri S. aureus resisten terhadap amoksisilin (93,75%) dan tetrasiklin (87,5%). Kuman Gram negatif Acinetobacter baumanni menunjukkan resistensi tinggi (100%) terhadap siprofloksasin, amoksisilin, gentamisin dan sefotaksim. Kata kunci : Antibiotika, Resistensi, Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter baumanni, pus
Evaluation of the Use of Antibiotics in Chronic Renal Failure Patients in RSUP Dr. Soeradji Tirtonegoro Klaten Period 2014 Pradina, Gita Ayu; Cholisoh, Zakky
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol 14, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/pharmacon.v14i1.542

Abstract

Antibiotics are one of the most widely used drugs in curing various kinds of infectious diseases. The use ofantibiotics, especially in chronic renal failure, need to be considered because it can cause nephrotoxicityin kidneys. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the rational use of antibiotics in RSUP Dr. SoeradjiTirtonegoro in cases of chronic renal failure in 2014. The evaluation includes the right indication, theright drug, right patient, and proper dosage. This research is conducted in a manner that is based on aretrospective medical record belongs to chronic renal failure patients on inpatient RSUP Dr. TirtonegoroKlaten 2014. The search results obtained from medical records and evaluation results indicated the useof appropriate antibiotics as many as 20 cases (55.56%), patients with chronic renal failure who meet theappropriate criteria are 39 cases (97.7%), use of the right type of antibiotics drugs there were 13 cases(29,5%), and to use appropriate antibiotics doses were 21 cases (47.7%). Discharge status of patientswith a total of 36 cases (100%) with result of the patient’s health improved. From the result of arithmeticleukocytes figure, there are 33 cases ( 91.67 % ) with leukocytes count back to normal.
PHYTOSTEROL CONTENT IN BENGKOANG (Pachyrhizus erosus) Lukitaningsih, Endang
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol 13, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

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Abstract

Bengkoang has long been used by ancestors as a raw material for cosmetics. In Indonesia, it is usually eaten raw, sometimes with salt, lemon juice and powdered chili. However, scientific evidences that support the use of bengkoang have not been widely published. Phytosterols from the bengkoang root have been isolated and identified based on their NMR spectrum data and mass spectrum. The result of the structure elucidation informed that ß-sitosterol and stigmasterol are major components of phytosterol in bengkoang root. Phytosterol content was about 0.02% of dry weight bengkoang or 2.76 % in petroleum ether extract of bengkoang, with a ratio of ß-sitosterol and stigmasterol (65:35). Therefore, bengkoang can be further exploited as a raw material of phytosterol supplement.
EXPLORING 3D MOLECULAR STUDIES OF DIKETOPIPERAZINE ANALOGUES ON Staphylococcus aureus DEHYDROSQUALENE SYNTHASE USING GLIDE-XP Santoso, Broto
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol 13, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

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Abstract

There is a strong correlation between 3D molecular docking result with dehydrosqualene synthase protein and antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) of the pyrazoline analogues. The enzyme has been known as important protein for the synthesis of staphyloxanthin in S. aureus. Diketopiperazine analogues have similar structure to pyrazoline. Glide-XP, Schrodinger application that seeks for molecular docking screening between ligand and protein target is designed for speed, efficiency, and accuracy to conduct discovery efforts. The research report the three-dimension molecular studies diketopiperazine analogues for their antibacterial activity on dehydrosqualene synthase of S. aureus using Glide-XP. Analogues compound of diketopiperazine and curcumin has been calculated their geometry optimization using Gaussian-Density Functional Theory method. These 3D-optimized ligands along with reference ligands obtained from bindingDB database, MIMICs fingerprint shape screening and the compound from previous research were performed on dehydrosqualene synthase (2ZCO) for their docking score. The lowest values docking score were analyzed with multiple linear regressions. The results suggest that the diketopiperazine framework is a prospective template for modification and optimization to accomplish better potency of antibacterial activity in laboratory testing. Keywords: diketopiperazine, Glide-XP, docking score, Staphylococcus aureus, multiple linear regression.
The Evaluation of Antibiotics Using to Pediatric Acute Upper Respiratory Tract Infection Patients at Health Centers in Kunduran Blora 2013 Antoro, Tesar Zulmi; Mutmainah, Nurul
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol 14, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/pharmacon.v14i1.551

Abstract

Acute respiratory tract infection is an acute infection which attacks one or more part of respiratory tractfrom nose to alveoli. This disease is an important society’s health problem especially in the developingcountries which attacks children easily especially who have low body’s immunity. This aim of the researchwas to know representation of the treatment and the accuracy of antibiotics distribution as the treatment ofpediatric patients of acute upper respiratory tract infection (AURTI) at Health Center in Kunduran, Blora2013 which is observed by appropriate parameter indication, appropriate drugs, appropriate dose andappropriate patients using the standard from WHO (2003). This research was categorized as qualitativeand non experimental research. In obtaining the data, the researcher trace the pediatric patient’s medicalrecord in the registration book in the health center Kunduran, Blora regency year 2013. The obtained datawas analyzed descriptively to evaluate the rationality of antibiotics distribution for AURTI. The researchresult showed that over 110 of the available samples in children aged up to 12 years old which werediagnosed as AURTI sufferer, 92 cases (83.63%) used amoxicillin antibiotics, 18 cases (16.37%) usedkotrimoksazol, 72 cases (65.50%) were proper indication, 59 case (53.63%) were proper drugs, 110 cases(100%) were proper patients, 87 case (79.09%) were proper dose, and 47 case (42.70) were rational in thetreatment
DOCKING KURKUMIN DAN SENYAWA ANALOGNYA PADA RESEPTOR PROGESTERON: STUDI INTERAKSINYA SEBAGAI Selective Progesterone Receptor Modulators (SPRMs) Meiyanto, Edy
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol 13, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

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Abstract

Kurkumin merupakan suatu kandungan dari Curcuma longa L.,yang telah dibuktikan efek sitotoksiknya secara in vitro terhadap sel kanker payudara. Senyawa analog kurkumin: PGV-0, PGV-1, HGV-0, dan HGV-1, hasil modifikasi dari kurkumin, diperkirakan memiliki aksi yang sama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui afinitas dan interaksi dari kurkumin dan analognya sebagai Selective Progesterone Receptor Modulators (SPRMs) dalam mengadakan inhibisi kompetitif dengan hormon progesteron. Optimasi geometri struktur kurkumin dan analognya dilakukan dengan software Hyperchem 7.5. Konformasi optimum PGV-0 dan PGV-1 dihasilkan melalui metode AM1 sedangkan kurkumin, HGV-0, dan HGV-1 dengan metode PM3. Kemudian dilakukan proses docking senyawa uji dengan bindingsite hormon progesteron pada reseptor progesteron (IA28) menggunakan software Arguslab 4.01, dalam kondisi ada dan tanpa air. Proses ini dilakukan dengan metode GAdock. Dari proses docking diperoleh nilai (Gibbs free energy)DG terendah pada senyawa kurkumin bentuk keto baik dengan maupun tanpa air. Afinitas terbesar turunan kurkumin ditunjukkan oleh PGV-1 pada keadaan ada air dan  HGV-1 tanpa air pada reseptor progesteron. font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";mso-ansi-language:IN>Kata kunci: kurkumin dan analognya, SPRMs, docking, reseptor  progesteron IA28 -language:IN>Antiradikal, DPPH, IC50, fenolik total, Elephantopus schaber L., Ocimum basilicum L.forma citratum Back., Graptophylum pictum Griff, Gynura procumbens Merr. 
Effect Test Stimulant of Curcuma Rhizome Infusion (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) On Male Mice Swiss Strain Tary, Neni Lugki Nian; Sujono, Tanti Azizah
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol 14, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/pharmacon.v14i1.540

Abstract

The used of plants efficacious as medicines in the prevention of health problems had been known for along time the Indonesian people. The utilization of plants as medicine was based on the experience passeddown from generation to generation. The used of traditional medicines relatively favored by the people,the underlying factor are traditional medicines have less side effects than the modern medicines if usedappropriately. Curcuma (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) used as refreshment which had stimulant effect..Stimulant was a substance that can stimulated the central nervous system which can speed up the processesin the body and minimize fatigue. Need to research the effects of stimulant infusion of curcuma rhizome.The research was conducted experimental methods pre-test and post-test. Twenty-five male mice Swissstrain used as experimental animals, which are divided into five groups, positive control (caffeine 100mg /kg BW), negative control (distilled water 0,5ml /20g BW), infusion of curcuma dose I (2.5 g/ kg BW), doseII (5g / kg BW), and dose III (10g / kg BW) respectively. Animal experiments tested using methods NatatoryExhaustion and treated with oral route. The effects of stimulant tired was calculated the time differencebefore and after treatment. The data obtained were analyzed non-parametric statistical tests, it’s KruskalWallis and Mann Whitney with a 95% confidence level. Infuse curcuma rhizome had the stimulant effect,the effect was obtained by increased the dose. At doses of 2.5 g / kg BW, 5g / kg BW, and 10 g / kg BW wasprovide a stimulant effect respectively by 2.82 minutes, 3.71 minutes and 4.94 minutes. Stimulant effect doseII and III had a greater effect than the positive control (p<0,05), the dose I had similar effect compare withcontrol positive (p>0,05). 
Optimum Conditions for Extraction of Antibacterial Compounds from Citrus Aurantifolia Fruit Peel Waste Munawaroh, Rima
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol 14, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/pharmacon.v14i1.5779

Abstract

Citrus fruit peel is a major waste in citrus fruit processing industry. The research on extraction activecompounds of Citrus aurantifolia (lime) fruit peel waste and antibacterial activity assay has been done. Theaim of research was to get optimum condition to extract their active compounds which have antibacterialactivity. The dried lime fruit peel was extracted by maceration method using ethanol 48%, 72%, and 96%.The dried and fresh lime fruit peel were also extracted using ethyl acetate. Antibacterial assay was done bydiffusion agar against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922. The resultshowed that optimal condition to extract antibacterial compound using fresh sample with ethyl acetate assolvent. The ethyl acetate extract of fresh sample was more active against S. aureus than E. coli.
AKTIVITAS PERLINDUNGAN SINAR UV KULIT BUAH Garcinia mangostana Linn SECARA IN VITRO Susanti, Meri
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol 13, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

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Abstract

Telah dilakukan uji perlindungan terhadap sinar UV oleh senyawa hasil fraksinasi ekstrak metanol semipolar kulit buah G. mangostana Linn secara in vitro dengan menggunakan alat spektrofotometer UV-Visibel. Uji perlindungan terhadap sinar UV dilakukan berdasarkan metode Mansur dengan mengukur serapan larutan uji dalam pelarut etanol pada konsentrasi 20 mg/100 ml pada panjang gelombang 290 sampai 320 nm. Hasil pengujian secara in vitro menunjukkan bahwa fraksi n-heksan memiliki kemampuan perlindungan UV sedang ; SPF (Sun Protection Factor) 15,02 ± 0,01, fraksi diklorometan dan  butanol memiliki kemampuan perlindungan UV ultra.dengan SPF masing-masingnya adalah 67,62 ± 1,68 dan 61,12 ± 0,24. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan fraksi diklormetan memiliki potensi proteksi terhadap sinar UV paling baik dibanding kedua fraksi yang lain.tify>  Key word : Garcinia mangostana, tyle=mso-bidi-font-style:normal>urkumin dan analognya, SPRMs, docking, reseptor  progesteron IA28 -language:IN>Antiradikal, DPPH, IC50, fenolik total, Elephantopus schaber L., Ocimum basilicum L.forma citratum Back., Graptophylum pictum Griff, Gynura procumbens Merr. 

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