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INDONESIA
Journal of Tropical Life Science : International Journal of Theoretical, Experimental, and Applied Life Sciences
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 20875517     EISSN : 25274376     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science
The Journal of Tropical Life Science (JTLS) provides publication of full-length papers, short communication and review articles describing of new finding or theory in living system, cells and molecular level in tropical life science and related areas. The journal publishes articles that report novel findings of wide Tropical Life system phenomenon in the areas of biodiversity, agriculture, fisheries, health, husbandry, forestry and environmental technology. JTLS has 1 volume with 3 issues per year.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 815 Documents
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Phytochemicals, Antioxidant and Anticancer Properties of Camellia japonica L. Mistletoe Extracts: Phytochemicals, Antioxidant and Anticancer Properties of Camellia Mistletoe Min Young Kim; Ji Hye Kim
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 12 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.12.02.13

Abstract

The present study aims to investigate the phytochemical profiles, in vitro antioxidant and antiproliferative properties of methanol and 70% ethanol extracts of Camellia mistletoe. Both extracts were analyzed for contents of total flavonoid, total carotenoid and L-ascorbic acid, and antioxidant properties such as scavenging capacities (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, O2- and NOž), ferrous ion chelating and reducing power. MTT assay was used to assess the antiproliferative properties against human cancer cell lines. The results showed that the methanol extracts of Camellia mistletoe contained higher total flavonoids (16237 mg rutin equivalents/100 g) and carotenoids (49175 mg/100g) with higher DPPH (IC50 = 0.6 mg/mL), superoxide (IC50 = 0.6 mg/mL), nitric oxide (IC50 = 0.5 mg/mL) radical scavenging and reducing power (IC50 = 1.1 mg/mL) activities than those of ethanol extracts (p < 0.05). In addition, methanol extracts showed much higher antiproliferative activity against A375 (IC50 = 118.1 μg/mL) and HCT116 (IC50 = 148.4 μg/mL) cells than ethanol extracts whereas higher inhibitory effects of MCF7 (IC50 = 139.9 μg/mL), Hela (IC50 = 127.1 μg/mL) and HepG2 (IC50 = 84.2 μg/mL) cell proliferation in the ethanol extracts of Camellia mistletoe. The data from this study suggest that Camellia mistletoe is a potential source of phytochemical compounds with antioxidant and antiproliferative properties.
Reconstructing Phylogenies of Alocasia spp. (Araceae) Distributed in Indonesia for Conservation Prioritization: Reconstructing phylogenies of Alocasia spp. (Araceae) Arief Priyadi; Ni Putu Sri Asih; Ina Erlinawati
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 12 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.12.03.04

Abstract

Phylogenetic analysis is beneficial to plant conservation prioritization. Conservation does not only deal with species but also their evolutionary potential. A phylogenetic tree is usually reconstructed by using the alignment of DNA sequences. However,  with the availability of megatrees, subsetting with a list of species of concern is possible. Here we reconstructed a list of 53 Alocasia spp. (Araceae) from Indonesia and adjacent regions using available megatrees and publicly available DNA sequences in the GenBank. The result showed placed and unplaced Alocasia spp. on the terminal nodes of reconstructed phylogenetic trees. The unplaced species show that publicly available DNA sequences are not yet available, therefore should be prioritized for sequencing. The placed species in the phylogeny could be used for conservation prioritization of these Alocasia spp.
A short review on identification of ABCDE genes in monocot plants: Short review of ABCDE genes in monocot plants Suchilkumar Soorya; Thacheril Sukumaran Swapna; Kalluvettankuzhy Krishnan Nair Sabu
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 12 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.12.03.15

Abstract

One of the most important divisions in the plant kingdom is the monocotyledon division of angiosperms. More than 60,000 monocot spp. have been identified, the majority of which are economically important, such as the Poaceae, Orchidaceae, Arecaceae, Liliaceae, and certain other families. The involvement of the ABCDE model of floral organ determination during flower development is a growing area of research in the field of molecular biology due to the diversity in the floral morphology of monocots. The MADS-box gene family is a large molecular transcript family that helps identify specific proteins involved in floral development. It is classified into several classes based on its function. The review aimed to evaluate the significance of  ABCDE genes for floral development and subsequent organ identification, which have been discovered in a range of monocot plants, as well as the functions of these genes in determining the sex of dioecious plants. We sought to summarise the MADS-box gene responsible for flower initiation and floral whorl differentiation reported in economically valuable monocotyledonous plants.
Effect Combination of Catharanthus roseus and Phyllanthus urinaria Extract on Mice BALB/c Breast Cancer Models Based on T-regulator Cells Expression: T-regulator cells expression on mice BALB/c breast cancer model Aya shofiyah; M. Sasmito Djati; Muhaimin Rifa'i
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 12 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.12.02.11

Abstract

CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ is a regulatory T cell that plays a role in the body's tolerant system to control activated effector cells. T regulatory plays an important role as a trigger for tumor progressiveness, where an increase in the amount of T regulatory FOXP3 in the tumor state correlates with a poor prognosis. Breast cancer is a type of cancer that tends to increase every year. The purpose of this study was to study the influence of a combination of Phyllanthus urinaria and Catharanthus roseus plant extracts on CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ modulation. Mice was injected subcutaneously with the carcinogen compound DMBA for six weeks at 0.015 mg/kg weight. The study design was conducted using a complete random design (RAL) which was divided into six groups namely healthy (normal) control, cancer control (DMBA injection), Cisplatin and a combination of extracts with three different doses (dose 1 (Phyllanthus urinaria 500 weight and Catharanthus roseus 75mg/kg weight) and dose 3 (Phyllanthus urinary 2000mg/kg weight and Catharanthus roseus 375mg/kg weight). The relative number of T regulatory cells is measured using flow cytometry analysis. The measurements were made using the Cell Quest ProTM program. Statistics analyze using one way ANOVA (p<0.05). Tukey HSD analysis with SPSS 26 software used to analyze real differences between treatments. A relative increase in CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ occurs in cancer control. While the decrease occurred in every treatment except in the dose group 1. The optimal dose to reduce CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ amounts significantly occurred in the dose group 3. This indicates the influence of a combination of Phyllanthus urinaria and Catharanthus roseus on CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ differentiation. Keywords: breast cancer, Catharanthus roseus, CD4+CD25+FOXP3+, Phyllanthus urinaria,
Genetic Differentiation of Brown Planthopper Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) Populations in Asia: Genetic Differentiation of Brown Planthopper in Asia Bagyo Yanuwiadi; Rahmat Grahadi
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 12 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.12.02.15

Abstract

Brown Planthopper is one of the economically important rice pests that cause several crop failures in Asian countries. Unfortunately, Brown Planthopper could migrate to neighboring countries to generate interpopulation breeding, thus further increasing the gene flow and spreading insecticide resistance. This research aimed to understand the genetic differentiation of Brown Planthopper among all Asian populations. This study used two COI sequences from Malang, Indonesia, and 25 sequences from GenBank to analyze the genetic structure with phylogenetic tree and haplotype network. The uncorrected pairwise distance result showed that the Brown Planthopper population in Asia has a relatively low genetic distance. We also found that the Brown Planthopper population was clustered based on the geographical region of South Asia, East Asia-Mainland South East Asia, and Indonesia. Thus, we concluded that the migration of Brown Planthopper was limited to East Asia and Mainland South East Asia only. Further studies are needed to confirm the migration route of Brown Planthopper in South Asia and Southeast AsiaKeywords: BPH, Genetic differentiation, Haplotype network, Phylogenetic
The Phytochemical Constituents, Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Efficacies of the Crude Extract and Fractions of Ethulia conyzoides Leaves: Crude Extract and Fractions of Ethulia conyzoides Leaves Helen Omasan Okotie; Tayo Micheal Anjuwon; Oluwafemi Abiodun Adepoju; Ijeoma Okolo; Gilead E. Forcardos; Dorcas Bolanle James
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 12 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.12.03.05

Abstract

Ethulia conyzoides is a plant traditionally used in managing diabetes in Nigeria. Unfortunately, its antidiabetic potential has not been scientifically examined. The research investigated the phytochemical constituents, in vitro antioxidant and antidiabetic efficacies of Ethulia conyzoides leaves extract. Seventy percent (70%) methanol extraction of E. conyzoides leaves was done to obtain its crude extract and then was partitioned with n-hexane and ethyl acetate to obtain three fractions (n-hexane, ethylacetate and residual aqueous). Then, they were subjected to various phytochemistry investigations: 1,1-diphenyl 2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity assay and in vivo antidiabetic effects in mice. The fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels, weight change, feed and fluid intakes were determined using standard procedures. Phyto-profiles tests for the extract and its fractions revealed the presence of phenolics, tannins, cardiac glycosides, saponins and alkaloids. The result showed that residual aqueous fraction had the nearest inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 0.011µg/ml to the standard ascorbic acid with 0.010µg/ml when compared with other extract and fractions. There were substantial (p<0.05) rise in fluid and feed intakes and serum level of FBG in the type 2 diabetic mice. Treatment of the mice using 100 mg/kg b.w. residual aqueous fraction for 21 days significantly (p<0.05) reduced the fluid intake, feed intake and FBG and statistically (p<0.05) improved the body weight. This study revealed that the residual aqueous fraction of Ethulia conyzoides have antioxidant and antidiabetic activities against induced type 2 diabetic mice.
In Silico Screening of Syzygium myrtifolium Flavonoid Compoinds as Anti-bacterial Activity: In Silico Screening of Syzygium myrtifolium Flavonoid Compounds Nelsy Dian Permatasari; Jatmiko Eko Witoyo; Masruri; Sudarminto Setyo Yuwono; Simon Bambang Widjanarko
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 12 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.12.03.02

Abstract

Bacterial infection and antibiotic resistance are popular issues nowadays. Several pre[1]vious reports performed antibacterial screening activities involving natural herbs and synthetic drugs. Alanine racemase and transglycosylase are essential proteins for peptidoglycan membrane synthesis in bacteria and an alternative target for antibacterial performance. This study identified six flavonoid compounds in Syzygium myrtifolium to perform the antibacterial activity. In silico study was conducted for modelling flavonoids – protein complexes. Five flavonoids from S. myrtifolium were taken out of he canonical smiles from the PubChem database and modelled three-dimensional structure using ChemDraw and molView. Targeted protein, alanine racemase and transglycosylase were downloaded from Protein Data Bank with ID 4WR3 and 1SLY. Ligands and proteins were interacted by Molegro virtual Docker 5.0 and visualized by Discovery studio version 21.1.1. Five flavonoids showed inhibition with alanine racemase and transglycosylase in the same active sites of control and sodium benzo[1]ate. According to the binding energy, calopiptin performed the lowest binding energy value in alanine racemase complexes, while 2-Propanone, 1,3-bis(5-nitro-2-furanyl) showed the lowest value of four other flavonoids at transglycosylase complexes. The type of interactions were electrostatic, hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic interactions and unfavorable ones. Low binding energy and varied interaction types indicated tight of ligand-protein interaction. In summary, five flavonoids inhibited alanine racemase and transglycosylase, and the peptidoglycane membrane synthesis in bacteria might be inferred.
Morphological characteristic, growth behavior, and cultivation of Luffa acutangula in tropical urban ecosystem: Luffa acutangula in tropical urban ecosystem Benyamin Lakitan; Fitra Fadhila Rizar; Strayker Ali Muda
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 12 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.12.03.10

Abstract

Ridge gourd (Luffa acutangula) is a climbing vegetable that produces edible fruits. Young fruits are harvested when the cotyledons have not yet formed. This study covered morphological characteristics, growth behavior, and cultivation practices suitable for increasing the production of the ridge gourd in the urban ecosystem. Results of observation revealed the heart-shape leaf of the ridge gourd was very uniform and the leaf surface was flat so that their leaf area could be accurately estimated using leaf length and/or width (R2 > 0.97), yet leaf thickness was not a reliable predictor for the leaf area (R2 < 0.34). The length of the petioles was not correlated with the leaf blade area. Single leaves, multiple tendrils, bunches of male flowers and/or single female flowers, and one branch could be formed at each stem node. Water content in leaf blade was lower than in the petiole. This phenomenon is related to water favor loss due to transpiration activity. Nevertheless, the total conserved water within the leaf blade was 6.26 times more than that within the petiole. The process of fruit enlargement followed the Sigmoid curve. The upper-end curve flattened 10 days after the female flower bloomed. Moreover, at 10 days, cotyledon has not yet formed. Based on the leaf SPAD value, by time the fruit began to enlarge, 4-5 leaves at the stem base were instigated to show symptoms of senescence. Ridge gourd fruit fresh weight can be best estimated using the length x diameter as the predictor.  
Effects of Various Agroecosystem Landscape on Arthropod Diversity: A Study Case in Kemiri Village, Jember, Indonesia: Effects Agroecosystem Landscape on Arthropod Diversity Agung Sih Kurnianto; Nilasari Dewi; Ahmad Ilham Tanzil; Wildan Muhlison; Nur Laila Magvira; Luhur Septiadi
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 12 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.12.03.14

Abstract

Agroecosystem landscapes have been studied extensively and it is known that there is  a relationship between the spatial structure and the ecological processes. The composition of arthropods in the agroecosystem shows population differences that are closely related to the location. This study aims to isolate and analyze the interactions  of arthropods and landscape structures and features of different agroecosystems  landscapes in Kemiri, Jember, Indonesia. The plot method (20x20 m and 1x1 m dimension) was carried out to observe seedling, sapling, and tree (seedling h = 0-1.5  m, sapling h ≥ 1.5 m, tree D > 20 cm). The trees' species name, distance, number, and  DBH were collected. Arthropods were sampled using PFT and SN methods. A vial  (d=5 cm) was used for PFT, and SN was applied at a distance of 1x10 meters with 3  repetitions. Plants with the role of weeds in monoculture dominate (TA=45). Drosophilidae is the most recorded family in monoculture. Polyculture and agroforestry systems increased the diversity of arthropods in the vegetation, and Formicidae predominated by PFT (TA=28% and 81%, respectively). PCA shows the role of detrivores is  mostly found in agroforestry, and herbivores dominate the monoculture. CCA shows that detrivore association in agroforestry is influenced by humidity, and herbivores  are particularly interested in monoculture systems that provide high light, temperature, and wind intensity.
Antioxidant Activity of Andrographolide from Andrographis paniculata leaf and Its Extraction Optimization by using Accelerated Solvent Extraction: Antioxidant Activity of Andrographolide from Andrographis paniculata leaf Mariani Abdul Hamid; Rabe'ah Adam; Faiqah Ramli; Roswanira Wahab
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 13 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.13.01.16

Abstract

Andrographis paniculata is widely used as a medicinal plant in many countries and andrographolide is the major bioactive compound extracted from A. paniculata leaf. This study purposely to optimize statistical andrographolide extraction using the accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) technique. The Box Behnken design (BBD) was chosen to determine the optimum ASE conditions for the extraction temperature (ºC), cycle number, and extraction time (min) to achieve the highest yield of andrographolide. The optimum ASE conditions were identified as: extraction temperature of 60 ºC, using 3 cycles and 5 min extraction time, with maximum conversion yield as high as 335.2 ± 0.2 mg/g determined by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) with the squared correlation coefficients (R2) of 0.97. The findings revealed the ASE method significantly enhanced andrographolide extraction and agreed closely with the predicted value at 337.5 mg/g. Andrographolide was isolated by preparative HPLC technique. A. paniculata leaf extract and extracted andrographolide displayed moderate radical scavenging activity in 2, 2−Diphenyl−1−picrylhydrazyl hydrate (DPPH) assay with IC50 of 0.883 ± 1.597 mg/ml and 0.514 ± 0.285 mg/ml respectively as IC50 for ascorbic acid was 0.048 ± 0.004 mg/ml.  A. paniculata extract and andrographolide inhibited the tyrosinase enzyme with IC50 of 0.749 ± 0.293 μg/ml and IC50 of 2.441 ± 2.026 μg/ml indicated stronger tyrosinase inhibition abilities than kojic acid, IC50 of 19.985 ± 0.557 μg/ml. These results suggest that A. paniculata leaf extract and andrographolide have greater potential as sources of biochemical compounds that can be used as skin depigmentation solutions.

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