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Asy-Syir'ah: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta
ISSN : 08548722     EISSN : 24430757     DOI : 10.14421/ajish
Core Subject : Religion, Social,
Religion Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice
2nd Floor Room 205 Faculty of Sharia and Law, State Islamic University (UIN) Sunan Kalijaga, Marsda Adisucipto St., Yogyakarta 55281
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Articles 386 Documents
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Dialektika Realitas Kemanusiaan Dan Hukum Al-Qur'an Muhammad Erfan
Asy-Syir'ah: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum Vol 46, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law - Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajish.2012.46.2.%p

Abstract

From the fourth traditional Islamic studies that have established, namely fiqh studies (ilm al-fiqh), kalam studies (ilm alkalam), tasawwuf studies (ilm al-tasawwuf), and Islamic philosophy (al-falsafah or al-h}ikmah), Islamic lawknown fiqhis a dominant discipline in the Moslem comprehension about their religion. In this domain, Islamic law is a piety parameter for Moslem in embodiment the value of such Quranic law. But, there is a fact that the values of Quranic law have a historical dimension of Arabic community. Therefore, there must an effort to uncover the role of Arabic tradition toward Quranic law productivity. Although in the other domain, al-Quran is a transcendental word of Allah, but when al-Quran have manifested in Arabic life, and Arabic language is an official language of it, its meant al-Quran is a part of Arabic reality. Besides that, Quranic text has also growth in line with Arabic reality. Hence, Quranic law which derived through text is a divine respond, universally or partially, toward a reality in which there is a historical humanity of Arabic community. Consequently, at the time is in outside of Arabic reality, Quranic laws must be criticized and adjusted with such contemporary reality.
Restorative Justice dalam Tindak Pidana Pembunuhan: Perspektif Hukum Pidana Indonesia dan Hukum Pidana Islam Ali Sodiqin
Asy-Syir'ah: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum Vol 49, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law - Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajish.2015.49.1.63-100

Abstract

The completion of the homicide in Indonesia didnt have effectiveness, both in order to give a deterrent effect and the creation of the security and peace in society. Conventional punishment process, as applicable in Indonesia, didnt give space to the parties (the victim, offender, and community ) involved to participate actively in solving their problems. Position of the State was too dominant, thus denying the people's participation in law enforcement. Imprisonment system adopted in Indonesian criminal law also didnt provide a comprehensive solution. Retributive justice approach adopted by the Indonesian criminal law needs to be reformed and replaced with a restorative justice. Restoration is an alternative approach to solve crime that emphasized on recovery conflicts and rebulid balances in society. This approach has been also applied in many countries, both of which adopted the system of criminal law and civillaw (France, Germany, the Netherlands), or apply the common law system of criminal law (United States, Canada, Australia). This approach is already practiced in Islamic criminal law, namely the law of qisas. In completion of murder, procedure of Qisas involving all parties, namely the victim, offender and community. Family of victim have the right to determine the punishment, whether qisas (killed), or diyat (pay a fine), or give forgiveness to the offender . The existence of three alternative penalties and engagement of the litigants shows that Islamic criminal law applying restorative justice approach. Position of Sultan (the State) is a mediator as well as a supervisor in law enforcement. Completion of this approach is able to resolve crimes with rebuilding relations after the criminal act.
Al-Qawaid Al-Fiqhiyyah Proses Penalaran Induktif dalam Kajian Hukum Islam Abdul Mun’im
Asy-Syir'ah: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum Vol 43, No 2 (2009)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law - Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajish.v43i2.100

Abstract

Tulisan ini hendak mengungkap dan menggambarkan proses penalaran dalam pemikiran hukum Islam yaitu al-qawa'id al-fiqhiyah dengan perspektif induktif. Munculnya al-qawa'id alfiqhiyah dimulai dari kegiatan membuat rincian aturan hukum Islam yang dideduksi dari sumber-sumber wahyu. Teks-teks wahyu adalah pembangkit pertama munculnya upaya membuat norma tentang perilaku (fiqh) dengan sarana metodologi yang disebut usul al-fiqh. Kemudian fiqh berkembang dalam kuantitas demikian besar hingga menjadi sulit untuk menguasainya. Maka muncullah gagasan membuat kristalisasi fiqh dalam bentuk kaidah dalam jumlah yang relatif terbatas yang mempermudah penguasaannya dan lahirlah al-qawa'id al-fiqhiyah, yaitu himpunan dari kaidah-kaidah itu. Sebagaimana hasil induksi yang ditingkat probabilitas kebenarannya memerlukan sandaran teori atau pengetahuan a priori, al-qawa'id al-fiqhiyah juga membutuhkan keabsahan dari sumber wahyu. Karenanya, untuk menyikapi kasus baru dilakukan dengan cara menemukan terlebih dahulu semangat wahyu sebagaimana tercermin di dalam fiqh secara induktif. Semangat itu menjadi kerangka umum pembuatan aturan untuk kasus-kasus baru. al-qawa'id al-fiqhiyah, dengan demikian merupakan rasionalisasi dari kehendak Allah sejauh yang dapat dipahami oleh manusia.
Konsep Negara Dan Pemerintahan Dalam Perspektif Fikih Siyazah Al-Gazzali Sahri Sahri
Asy-Syir'ah: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum Vol 47, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law - Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajish.2013.47.2.%p

Abstract

As one of the most comprehensive Islamic thinkers in the realm ofthought, al-Gazz?l? to be one of the points of references to Islamic thought inthis day, including in this case is about the concept of state and government.This article wants to show the wealth of thought of al-Gazz?l? relates to stateand government. According to al-Gazz?l?, the political power and religion has avery strong interdependence. This case he is expressed in terms of ad-d?n as?s waa?-?ul??n h?ri? (religion as a basis and sultan or the country as a protector). Thus,al-Gazz?l? firmly stated that the construct of the state and the government isdemand of religion (min dar?riyy?t asy-syari) that can not be ignored (l? sabi?la il? tarkih). Furthermore, in this article, showed that al-Gazz?l? considers the Imamateor the government is a successor of the Prophet. Its because of his function that inheren with the religious issues, so the caliph in running his governmentis regarded as a saint (muqaddas). About the source of authority of power, alGazz?l? considers that it is not a God given (theocracy) but by the support ofthe wider community represented by people who are influential (ahl asy-syawka)and followed by other people. Al-Gazz?l? stressed that the rise and fall of a rulerdepends entirely to the presence and absence of support from the community(Muslims). So, in this case, al-Gazz?l? is differ with the mainstream paradigm ofShiite and also does not have a fatalistic paradigm (Jabariyah).
Obligasi Dan Sukuk Dalam Perspektif Keuangan Islam (Suatu Kajian Perbandingan) Muhammad Kamal Zubair
Asy-Syir'ah: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum Vol 46, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law - Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajish.2012.46.1.%p

Abstract

This article study about sukuk is known as sharia bonds with compare to obligation as the investment instrument in capital market. Sukuk investment is often regard as identical with obligation. There are number of basic differences between the two instrument, that is the use of sukuk instruments in investment the profit of which is divided with profit sharing, sukuk needs to have an underlying transaction in the form of tangible assets and sukuk use religious advice that govern syariah bond.
Nilai-Nilai dalam Pertimbangan Seriousness Of Crime: Kajian Pada Komunitas Muslim Fathul Lubabin Nuqul
Asy-Syir'ah: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum Vol 45, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law - Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajish.2011.45.1.%p

Abstract

Public opinion about seriousness of crime was influenced by much internal from person (observer) variable, beside variable form nature of crime and criminal profile. One of internal variable is value which in embracing by individual, one of the values is coming from religion value. In religion values, especially Islamic value, arranges people behavior in relating with his god and with other people. This religion value also influences their opnion to crime and action as response to crime. Nevertheless has not many field studies yet publication explaining about the Islam value in criminal justice system phenomenon and influence at people behavior, so that it generates many questions about how Muslims opinion crime and criminal justice system. The purpose of the research is to know crimes was assumed is serious for Muslim and Muslims consideration are in determining seriousness of crime. There search involves 163 psychology undergraduate. In the research, respondent asked to choose out of 23 form of crime assumed most serious and followed with open-end questionnaire related to reason of election of crime that is most serious. The result shows that apostates (murtad), intended genocide and corruption are most serious crime. Goodness and humanity value is most dominant reason in determination of seriousness of crime. Opinion about seriousness crime has implication at assessment of justice at Law enforcement.
Ketidakpastian Jenis dan Kriteria Hukum Riba dalam Perspektif Pemikiran Ulama Abdul Mughits
Asy-Syir'ah: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum Vol 43, No 1 (2009)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law - Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajish.v43i1.91

Abstract

Sebagaimana diketahui, semua agama samawi itu mengaharamkan riba, terutama Islam. Mayoritas ulama (fuqaha) pun juga berpendapat atas keharaman riba tersebut. Hanya saja ketika ditarik kepada permasalahan jenis riba yang diharamkan dan kriteria keharamannya, maka masalah riba ini menjadi sesuatu yang debatable. Sampai Umar bin al-Khattab pernah mengatakan bahwa ayat-ayat riba turun itu pada kurun akhir risalah Nabi dan ketika Beliau wafat belum sempat menjelaskannya. Artinya dalam masalah dua hal tersebut, riba termasuk masalah hukum Islam yang belum tuntas diperdebatkan, ada yang mengharamkan secara mutlak, mengharamkan jika berlipat ganda, dan mengharamkan jika ada unsur eksploitasi. Sementara riba selalu dijadikan pembeda utama antara sistem keuangan (transaksi) konvensional dengan Islam, terutama pada perbankan Syariah. Tulisan ini akan menjelaskan pendapat para ulama sekitar ketidakpastiannya hukum riba tersebut yang dilihat dari dua aspek, yakni jenis dan kriterianya.
Asuransi Dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam Uswatun Hasanah
Asy-Syir'ah: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum Vol 47, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law - Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajish.2013.47.1.%p

Abstract

In Islam, insurance has actually been practiced since the time of the Prophet Muhammad saw. The precursor of Islamic insurance, according to some scholars is al-diyah `al? al-`?qilah. Al-`?qilahis the habit of Arab tribes having been practiced long before Islam where if one member of the tribe were killed by other tribe members, the heirs of the victim will be paid with blood money (al-diyah) as compensation by the next of kin of the killer. Next of kin of the killer is known as al-`?qilah. After the arrival of Islam, al-`?qilahsystem was approved by the Prophet PBUH as part of Islamic law. Furthermore, al-`?qilah was contained in the Charter of Medina. In the next period, this al-`?qilahor insurance continued to be practiced by the caliphs, especially during Caliph Umar ibn al-Khattab until now. Islamic Insurance or sharia-based insurance is more nuanced with generosity rather than profit oriented. Therefore, the aspect of mutual help always serves as a primary basis of the practice of Islamic insurance. Islam regards insurance as a social phenomenon formed on the basis of mutualhelp and a sense of humanity. Today Islamic insurance is growing rapidly in many countries. This suggests that Islamic insurance is quite attractive to the public in various countries. The problem is, until now there are many people including some Muslims who do not understand Islamic insurance.
Fiqh Jihad dan Terorisme (Perspektif Tokoh Ormas Islam Sumatera Utara) Saidurrahman Saidurrahman
Asy-Syir'ah: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum Vol 46, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law - Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajish.2012.46.1.%p

Abstract

Jihad is a teaching and even an obligation to a Muslim. In the Quran, the term jihad is mentioned forty times in sentences. Jihad has an underlying concept for a Muslim life. However, the term jihad is often misconceived, referred to bad things, being violent and even inhumane. Therefore, redefining and restructuring the concept of jihad in Islam is crucial. The province of North Sumatera has often been seen as a terrorist territorial, for many terrorists have been arrested from the province. This has provoked anger for Muslims who are the majority of the population in the province. This is among specific findings of the study, which are based on interviews with the leaders of Muslim organizations in North Sumatera such as al-Jamiyat al-Washliyah, Nahdlatul Ulama, Muhammadiyah, DDII, MMI, DDII, FPI, and MUI.
Rekonstruksi Fiqh dalam Merespon Perubahan Sosial M. Noor Harisudin
Asy-Syir'ah: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum Vol 50, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law - Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajish.2016.50.1.81-107

Abstract

Change  is  sina  qua  none  in  life.  Fiqh  respond  to  changes with the tools that have been prepared. Rigid nature onthe one hand and bending on the other side of the fiqh made itelastic in the face of various  changes.  No  wonder  if  the  views  of  fiqh  changing  following the  change  of  date  and  place  (salihun  likulli  zaman  wa  makan). Precisely there, fiqh finds himself as the legal formulationthat always compitable with all space and time.

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