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Sifat Fisik Dan Mekanik Papan Komposit Dari Serat Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (TKKS) Hasil Penguraian Secara Mekanis Dengan Perekat Gambir Junaidi - -
Jurnal Ilmiah Poli Rekayasa Vol 15, No 2 (2020): -
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (P3M) Politeknik Negeri Padang

Oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) are a solid waste product from the oil palm industry that are about 70% fiber. Previous research has indicated that this fiber can be used to produce composite board. Gambier can be used in an adhesive to produce these boards as it has strong adhesive properties. This research investigates the suitability of four types of OPEFB fiber resulting from different mechanical separation speeds and three adhesive made from differing concentrations of Gambier (12%, 14%, 16%) to produce high quality composite board. The results of the research suggest the type of the fiber and the concentration of the gambier used significantly influence the density of the resulting board and that there are interactions between these two variables. The water content of the board is significantly influenced by the type of OPEFB fibre but not by the concentration of gambier or any interaction between these variables. Thickness swelling, modulus of rupture (MOR) and modulus of elasticity (MOE) are all influenced by type of fiber and concentration of gambier without any significant interaction between these two factors. The best types of fiber was those labeled A and B. The best performing composite board was produced from the longer B fibers and 16% gambier adhesive. This board a had density of 0.86 g/cm3, MOR 251.3 kg/cm2 and strength parallel to the grain of 145.6 kg/cm2. This data suggests that the density, water content and MOR of the boards made with this combination of material meets standard SNI 03-2105-2006 however the thickness swelling of the board fails this standard.

Modifikasi Sistem Transmisi pada Mesin Pencacah Sampah/Limbah Plastik dengan Sistem Crusher dan Silinder Pemotong Tipe Reel Junaidi - -; Ichlas Nur -; Zulfikar - -; Nasirwan - -
Jurnal Ilmiah Poli Rekayasa Vol 11, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (P3M) Politeknik Negeri Padang

An increasing number of plastic waste, but can be recycled into other products in the form of granules before further processing into a grain pellets and injection molding processes to produce products such as buckets, plates, bottles and others. To be processed into the required form of granules of plastic thrasher. Even so small plastic recycling industry is still constrained within a plastic enumeration process because the machine used his ability was not maximal.The purpose of this study is a modification of the transmission system thrasher plastic crusher system and cylinder-type cutter reel and technical evaluation. This study was conducted over two years, the first year the design and manufacture of machinery, the second year is the technical evaluation of the engine, improved engine performance. From the results of the study year I found some weaknesses machines namely, 1) the machine is often hampered by the transmission belt on the motor shaft with shaft reducer as drive unit crusher often slip when a large load, 2) transmission gears hipoid of the motor shaft with shaft type unit reel get a great friction and cause the sound very noisy. To improve the performance of the engine of the transmission system needs to be fixed.From the results of the design redesign the engine in the second year, namely, the installation of a connector axle of the motor shaft with shaft-type knife reel player. Axle used is commonly used in car axle Carry. Likewise, the transmission system between the motor shaft to the reducer as a successor to the rotation axis of the blade type crusher players use the chain sprocket to avoid slip on a rotating shaft. The results of performance testing crusher machine on lap 75 RPM and cylinder-type reel cutters 1450 RPM, engine capacity ± 130 kg / h on the cylinder type crusher and the reel-type cylinder engine capacity of ± 165 kg / h at an aperture sieve Ø 1,5 cm, with uniformity of grain 85%.

Pengembangan Mesin Pencacah Tandan Kosong Sawit (TKS) dengan Metode Pemotongan Crusher Junaidi - -; Anwar Kasim -; Aidil Zamri -; Sir Anderson -
Jurnal Ilmiah Poli Rekayasa Vol 9, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (P3M) Politeknik Negeri Padang

Palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) fiber content ± 70 % and can be used for elastic fiber, matrix, mattresses, rugs and raw material fiber -based composite board products, but until now has not been utilized to the fullest . The problem is not the availability of processing unit generates EFB fiber in small scale . One of them is the processing unit thrasher EFB. EFB counter technology that exists today is a large scale that can only be owned by the oil palm industry with a capacity of ± 4,124 kg/hour. For small-scale fiber industry needs a minimum engine capacity of census enumerators ± 300 kg/hour, but this machine is not yet commercially available.In general, the purpose of this research is small scale EFB cutting machines with a capacity of 200-300 kg/hour, the design parameters and identify optimum operating conditions for each component with the technical test of the prototype. From the results obtained machine design an engine capacity of 300 kg/hour, with a few major components, namely counter unit, unit funnel in and out, frame and drive unit . From the results of design calculations obtained engine power 15 hp motor drive with 1450 RPM rotation with 3 phase. From the results of the testing machine in the first enumeration results obtained by the size of the pieces of shredded EFB ± 7 x 7 ( cm ), while the second enumeration stage shredded EFB size becoming smaller ± 3 x 3 ( cm ).

Pengembangan Mesin Pencacah Sampah/Limbah Plastik Dengan Sistem Crusher dan Silinder Pemotong Tipe Reel Junaidi - -; Ichlas Nur -; Nofriadi - -; Rusmardi - -
Jurnal Ilmiah Poli Rekayasa Vol 10, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (P3M) Politeknik Negeri Padang

Waste plastic mounting, but can be recycled into other products in the form of granules before further processed into pellets and seed injection molding process produces products such as buckets, plates, bottles and other beverages. To be processed into the required form of granules of plastic thrasher. Though so small plastic recycling industry is still constrained in plastic enumeration process because the machine used was not optimal ability. The purpose of this research is the development of the system thrasher plastic crusher and cutter cylinder-type reel and technical evaluation. This study was conducted over two years, the first year the design and manufacture of machinery, the second year is a technical evaluation of the engine, engine performance improvements and economic analysis of granular plastic products.From the results obtained engine design capacity of the machine ± 350 kg / h, the engine size is 50 cm x 120 cm x 30 cm, power motor of 10 HP at 1450 RPM rotation with 3 phase. Some of the major components of the engine that is, counter crusher unit consists of two counter rotating cylinders opposite, counter shaft size Ø 4 cm x 58 cm, blade chopper Ø 17 cm x 2 cm with the number of teeth / blades 7 pieces and the number of blades along shaft 7 pieces, buses retaining Ø 10 cm x 2 cm. Counter-cylinder unit consists of a reel-type cutter counter shaft size Ø 4 cm x 90 cm, the middle shaft mounted cylinder with Ø 17 cm x 40 cm as the holder of the chopper blades. Chopper blade consists of 4 pieces with a size of 40 cm x 2 cm x 4 cm with ASSAB materials. Furthermore, as the blade retaining bedknife shear force of the blade chopper, upper frame, lower frame, strainer, funnel entry, exit funnel, and the drive unit consists of an electric motor, reducer, belts, pulleys and 2 pieces of gear transmission. The results of performance testing machine crusher round cylinder 75 RPM and 1450 RPM reel-type cutting machine capacity ± 300 kg / h on the filter hole Ø 1.5 cm, with a 80% grain uniformity.

Modifikasi Unit PemotonMesin Pencacah Serat TKKS Menggunakan Silinder Pemotong Tipe Reel Junaidi Junaidi; Adriansyah Adriansyah; Elvis Adril
Jurnal Ilmiah Poli Rekayasa Vol 15, No 1 (2019): -
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (P3M) Politeknik Negeri Padang

Oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) are solid waste from the oil palm plantation industry with a fiber content of ± 70%, and can be used as a composite board reinforcement. From the results of previous studies found that the mechanical properties of composite boards of OPEFB fibers between the left, middle and right parts occur very large differences, this situation occurs because the length of the fiber used is not the same between 3-10 cm. The long fibers in addition to the adhesive mixing process are very difficult and long, also resulting in uneven strength of the boards on each side. The purpose of this study is to modify the design of the TKKS fiber chopping machine cutting unit using a reel type cutting cylinder, making the machine cutting unit, and testing the engine performance. From the results of engine design, the engine capacity is ± 85 kg / hour, the engine size is 110 cm x 36.5 cm x 49 cm, the motor power is 2.5 HP with a rotation of 1450 Rpm. The components of the chopper unit consist of the chopper holder measuring 8 cm x l5 cm x 13 cm, placed 3 pieces of planers which are 8 cm x 5 cm x 0.4 cm, the chopper shaft measuring 40 cm long and Ø 3 cm, the holder of the pin measuring Ø 16 cm with a thickness of 0.6 cm. From the results of engine performance testing, it is found that the capacity of the machine with 5 mm filter diameter is 35 kg / hour, diameter of 10 mm 48 kg / hour, diameter 15 mm 55 kg / hour and diameter of 20 mm is 65 kg / hour. The uniformity of the results in the filter hole 5 mm the average fiber length of 15-25 is 80%, the filter hole 10 mm fiber length an average of 30-40 mm by 82%, the filter hole 15 mm fiber length an average of 40-50 mm by 85%, and the filter hole 20 mm in fiber length an average of 50-60 mm by 80%.

Pengaruh Suhu dan Waktu Kempa Terhadap Sifat Fisik dan Mekanik Papan Komposit dari Serat Tkks Berperekat Gambir Berlapis Anyaman Bambu Junaidi - -
Jurnal Ilmiah Poli Rekayasa Vol 13, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (P3M) Politeknik Negeri Padang

Fiber from oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) can be used as a raw material for the production of composite board. Gambier can be used in a natural adhesive because of its high tannin content. Appropriate material to veneer the board and the correct temperature and pressing time are needed to improve the quality of this composite board. This research was to discover the optimal temperature, needed to make woven bamboo veneer composite board from OPEFB fiber and gambier based adhesive that can fulfill the Indonesian National Standards for veneered composite boards and the pressing time required for the board to reach thermal equilibrium. Results showed that both temperature and pressing time have a significant influence on density, moisture content, thickness swelling and modulus of rupture (MOR) of the boards but not on the internal bond strength or the compression strength parallel to the grain. Multi-layered composite board pressed at 1300C has weaker physical and mechanical properties than that pressed at 1450C, or 1600C. Twenty-five minutes of pressing time yielded a better product than 15 minutes and the combination of 25 minutes and 1450C proved to be optimal for the curing of the gambier based adhesive used with 8.4% moisture content fibers. Use of woven bamboo veneer resulted in boards that reached the density, moisture content, thickness swelling at 24 hours (PT24) and MOR National standards SNI 03-2105-2006 for standard veneered particle board however it failed to reach the standard for modulus of elasticity (MOE). The bonding strength of the boards reached the Nation Standard SNI 01-5008.7-1999 of 3.5 kg/cm2 minimum for structural veneered boards.

Pengembangan Alat Kempa Panas (Hot Press) Penekanan Dongkrak Hidrolik untuk Pembuatan Papan Komposit ukuran 25 cm x 25 cm Junaidi Junaidi
Jurnal Teknik Mesin Vol 13 No 1 (2020): Jurnal Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30630/jtm.13.1.266

Human needs with wood continue to increase along with the increasing population, on the other hand Indonesia has a very large supply of wood. One way to overcome this is by substituting the use of wood from composite board products from wood or non-wood waste materials such as sawdust, coconut fiber, OPEFB fiber, bamboo fiber, bagasse and others. Composite board manufacturing technology is strongly influenced by the temperature, time and pressure contained in the hot press, either the system works manually or mechanically. The use of a hot press machine has so far been simple using an electric heating element from an iron element. For a n area of 40 cm x 40 cm board molding required 2 iron elements, the heat generated is not optimal (up to 1200 C), to heat the board to 1500 C the heating element often breaks / burns, this is certainly less efficient. Stripe heater type electric heating element is a flat plate heating element (Hot Plate) which can be used to heat a flat surface on pressing lignocellulosic material. The purpose of this research is to engineer and design and manufacture small scale heat press for 40 cm x 40 cm mold size, to test hot press and to test the physical and mechanical properties of composite boards. From the results of the manufacture of hot pressing tools obtained tool size 100 cm x 60 cm using iron profile u size 12 cm x 6 cm x 6 cm with a thickness of 0.4 cm. The pressure unit consists of a base plate measuring 40 cm x 40 cm x 1.5 cm, a pressure plate measuring 40 cm x 40 cm x 0.8 cm, a heating element measuring 40 cm x 40 cm x 0.5 cm using a power of 1.5 Kw each one. The suppressor component uses a hydraulic jack with a pressure of 50 tons. The heating element circuit is contained in the electrical panel box consisting of MCB, sign lights, thermocouple, amperemeter, and electrical wires. From the results of the heat test on the surface of the pressure plate obtained heat spread evenly on the entire surface of the plate and the pressure applied to the pressure plate is able to withstand the pressure from the hydraulic jack with a flat surface shape.

Pembuatan Dan Pengujian Mesin Penumbuk Daging Rendang Suir Kapasitas 1kg/Jam Yudi Kurniawan; Junaidi Junaidi; Nofriadi Nofriadi
Jurnal Teknik Mesin Vol 11 No 1 (2018): Jurnal Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Rendang is a typical food from Minangkabau that must be present in every custom event in Minangkabau, to improve the quality of the rendang meat, processed rendang meat is processed into processed rendang suir meat to improve the quality of its resistance. At this time the process of making rendang meat still uses a manual process which certainly does not fulfill all the desires of consumers, so the meat rending machine is made with a capacity of 1 kg / minute. This machine functions to pound rendang meat so that fiber from meat looks easier to stir. This machine aims to help the process of pulverizing the rendang meat to become flush. In this machine. The drive system is a fixed clutch, which is connected to one another. Making this frame using ST 37 iron whose dimensions are 350 mm x 550 mm x 700 mm. Whereas for the dimensions of pounding rendang suir meat is 10 mm x 200 mm x 350 mm. How it works rendang meat is placed on the bottom pounder. Then press the male clutch pedal so that there is friction between the male and female coupling so that the pulverization process occurs. After the collision results reach the desired release, step on the clutch pedal, then take the mashed meat. The making of rendang suir meat pounder machine begins with identification and field survey of whatever demands for the needs of producers of rendang suir meat. Then the next stage is the determination of several alternative planning, then the determination of the concept of planning, machine calculation, drawing the planning model.

Pembuatan Westafel Otomatis dengan Memanfaatkan Kondensasi AC sebagai Sumber Air Rina Rina; Junaidi Junaidi; Rakiman Rakiman; Haris Haris; Sherly Septa Mirza
Jurnal Teknik Mesin Vol 14 No 2 (2021): Jurnal Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30630/jtm.14.2.645

The problem of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has not stopped. It was necessary to implement the Covid-19 protocol to avoid spreading, one of which is to wash hand regularly using and circulating water. Based on these reasons, it was still necessary to develop automatic hand washing equipment which is currently a primary need in public places, offices, and educational facilities. This study aims to modify the automatic sink using the Arduino Uno R3 microcontroller as a data processor and Ultrasonic HC-SR04 as a sensor; testing the function of the tool, namely automatic soap and water faucet, hand dryer, piezoelectric buzzer as an air level alarm, by utilizing the results of AC condensation as an water source. The results of this automatic sink modification can meet Covid-19 standards and can be used by all groups, especially schools and offices that have started to be active, so that with this tool it can reduce the spread of Covid-19. In addition, it is that the source of water from the condensation can be used as an alternative to water to save the current increasing use of PDAM water.

Penerapan Quality Control pada Souvenir Logo PNP dengan Metode Box Plot dan Six Sigma Menhendry Menhendry; Alfian Alfian; Elvis Adril; Junaidi Junaidi; Zulhendri Zulhendri
Jurnal Teknik Mesin Vol 14 No 2 (2021): Jurnal Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30630/jtm.14.2.674

The quality of a product determines the level of market demand. This paper discusses the determination of the quality level of plastic molding with the sigma level method which uses the Box Plot to determine the desired quality limit. The purpose of this research is to determine the level of quality of product using statistics. The object of this research is to determine the weight variation of the souvenir of PNP logo with a weight indicator. The experiment were carried out on 200 samples taken at random.Then each sample is numbered from 1 to 200. Each sample is weighed carefully. The results obtained were processed using a box plot to obtain the numbered of rejected samples from 200 samples that were weighed. The result of data processing obtained 19 reject products from 200 products tested. From this data there are 9,5% of products that do not meet the desired specifications. Furthermore, the sigma level is determined from the results of data processing using a box plot. DPMO of 9.5% is 95000 Defects per Milion Opportunities. The result of determining the sigma level is 2.8 Sigma.

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