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All Journal Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Agroland : Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Berkala Ilmiah Pertanian Biota: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia JURNAL AGROTEKNOLOGI Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA Agrin : Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Jurnal Agro Wiralodra Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri (Littri)
Triwidodo Arwiyanto
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Economics, Econometrics & Finance Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Medicine & Pharmacology

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ISOLASI DAN SELEKSI PSEUDOMONAD FLUORESCENS PADA RISOSFER PENYAMBUNGAN TOMAT Nurcahyanti, Suhartiningsih Dwi; Arwiyanto, Triwidodo; Indradewa, Didik; Widada, Jaka
Berkala Ilmiah Pertanian Vol 1, No 1: AGUSTUS 2013
Publisher : Berkala Ilmiah Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (184.592 KB)

Abstract

[ENGLISH] Fluorescen pseudomonad had been isolated from the rhizosphere of grafting tomato with resisten rootstock (H 7996 and EG 203 from Asian Vegetable Research Development Center). Tomato varieties Permata and Fortuna were used as scion in grafting. Fluorescen pseudomonad was isolated on King’S B medium and used phosphate buffer 0,1 M + 0,1 % pepton. About 230 isolates of P. fluorescens were isolated from tomato rhizosphere at 14 HST and about 454 isolates at 28 HST. All isolates were tested for their capability to suppress the growth Ralstonia solanacearum in vitro. All isolates inhibited the growth of R. solanacearum with an inhibition zone of 1 mm to 7 mm or more. The mechanism growth of inhibition was bacteriostatic. About Ten isolates of P. fluorescens which had large inhibition zone, were not inhibit each other and inhibition against R. solanacearum due to nutrient competition. Keywords : tomato; grafting; Fluorescens pseudomonad [INDONESIAN] Pseudomonad fluorescens diisolasi dari risosfer tomat hasil penyambungan dengan batang bawah tahan yaitu tomat H 7996 dan terung EG 203 dari Asian vegetebles Research Development Center (Taiwan). Sebagai batang atas digunakan varietas Permata dan Fortuna. Isolasi dilakukan pada media King’s B dan menggunakan buffer phospat 0,1 M + pepton 0,1 %. Sejumlah 230 isolat P. fluorescens berhasil diisolasi dari risosfer pada 14 HST dan 454 isolat pada 28 HST. Semua isolat diuji kemampuannya dalam menghambat pertumbuhan Ralstonia solanacearum secara in vitro. Semua isolat P. fluorescens mampu menghambat R. solanacearum dengan zona hambatan antara 1 mm sampai dengan lebih dari 7 mm. Semua isolat mempunyai mekanisme penghambatan bakteriostatik. Sebanyak sepuluh isolat P. fluorescens yang mempunyai daya hambat besar, tidak saling menghambat satu dengan yang lain dan penghambatan terhadap R solanacearum yang terjadi karena adanya kompetisi nutrisi. Kata kunci: Tomat; Penyambungan; Pseudomonad fluorescens  How to citate: Nurcahyanti SD, T Arwiyanto, D Indradewa, J Widada. 2013. Isolasi dan seleksi pseudomonad fluorescens pada risosfer penyambungan tomat. Berkala Ilmiah Pertanian 1(1): 15-18
Sebaran Penyakit Hawar Daun Bakteri di Beberapa Sentra Produksi Bawang Merah di Indonesia Asrul, Asrul; Arwiyanto, Triwidodo; Hadisutrisno, Bambang; Widada, Jaka
Biota Biota Volume 18 Nomor 1 Tahun 2013
Publisher : PBI Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (590.704 KB)

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui daerah sebaran penyakit hawar daun bakteri di beberapa sentra pertanaman bawang merah di Indonesia dan kultivar bawang merah yang dapat diinfeksi, serta mengidentifikasi patogen penyebabnya. Penentuan lokasi pengamatan dan pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara stratified purpossive random sampling. Survei dilakukan dengan cara wawancara dan pengamatan di lapangan (observasi) terhadap kultivar bawang dan gejala penyakit yang terinfeksi oleh bakteri patogen. Sampel diidentifikasi melalui pengamatan morfologi koloni, uji postulat Koch, uji reaksi hipersensitif dan pengujian sifat-sifat biokimia dan fisiologi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyakit hawar daun bakteri telah tersebar secara merata di seluruh daerah pertanaman bawang merah di Indonesia, yang meliputi Kabupaten Cirebon, Tegal, Nganjuk, Bantul, dan Sigi, dengan tingkat serangan mencapai 62,5–100%. Penyakit ini menginfeksi bawang merah kultivar Bima curut, Bauji, Biru-sawah, dan Palasa. Gejala hawar daun bakteri yang dijumpai berupa water soaking, terjadi lekukan daun, pengerutan daun,  klorosis, nekrosis, mati pucuk, pertumbuhan kerdil, dan kematian. Isolat bakteri yang ditemukan mempunyai bentuk koloni bulat, cembung, berlendir, dan berwarna kuning. Ciri morfologi koloni, gejala dan karakteristik isolat bakteri mirip dengan sifat-sifat bakteri Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. allii penyebab penyakit hawar daun pada bawang bombay.Kata kunci: Sebaran, bawang merah hawar daun bakteri, Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. allii
DETEKSI BAKTERI PATOGEN TERBAWA BENIH AKOR (ACACIA AURICULIFORMIS A. CUNN. EX BENTH.) Suharti, Tati; Joko, Tri; Arwiyanto, Triwidodo
JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA Vol 17, No 1 (2017): MARET, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (811.395 KB) | DOI: 10.23960/j.hptt.11719-36

Abstract

Detection of seed-borne pathogenic bacteria of northern black wattle (Acacia auriculiformis A. Cunn. ex  enth.). Intensive research of seed-borne pathogen of A. mangium and A. crassicarpa which have been established in industrial timber estate (HTI) was undertaken in Indonesia, while plantings development of northern black wattle have recently been established in the 1990s. Very limited information available on northern black wattle diseases especially seed-borne diseases. The objectives of this study were to identify seed-borne pathogenic bacteria of northern black wattle and the effects on seed germination. Methods for the isolation of bacteria were by seed soaking, seed griding, blotter test, growing-on test on paper and soil. Identification of bacteria by PCR used 63F/1387R primer. The results showed that seed-borne bacteria of northern black wattle were Paenochrobactrum sp., Ralstonia sp., Burkholderia cepacia complex, Pseudomonas stutzeri, Acinetobacter sp., Alcaligenes faecalis, Salmonella bongori, Escherichia hermannii while pathogenic bacteria cause seedling leafspot were Micrococcus luteus and Burkholderia cepacia complex. Burkholderia cepacia complex, A. faecalis, Acinetobater sp., P. stutzeri, S. bongori and Ralstonia sp. reduced seed germination and increased rotten seed, suggested that they were the pathogenic bacteria of northern black wattle seed. Ralstonia sp. significantly increased the percentage of rotten seed and decreased shoot length and root length. P. stutzeri and S. bongori significantly inhibited the root growth. Paenochrobactrum sp. and E. hermannii were assumed as pathogen with weak virulence due to seed germination, the percentage of rotten seed and vigour index were relatively similar to untreated seed.
SELEKSI MUTAN ANTIBIOSIS Bacillus subtilis B315 UNTUK PENGENDALIAN Ralstonia solanacearum Pr7 Prihatiningsih, Nur; Arwiyanto, Triwidodo; Hadisutrisno, Bambang; Widada, Jaka
Agrin : Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Vol 18, No 1 (2014): Agrin
Publisher : Jenderal Soedirman University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.agrin.2014.18.1.213

Abstract

Bacillus subtilis B315 adalah bakteri antagonis terhadap patogen tanaman seperti Ralstonia solanacearum penyebab penyakit layu bakteri.  Salah satu mekanisme antagonisme adalah antibiosis.  Mutan antibiosis dibuat untuk membuktikan bahwa B. subtilis B315 mempunyai mekanisme antibiosis dalam mengendalikan R. solanacearum.  Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk menyeleksi mutan antibiosis B. subtilis B315 dibandingkan dengan B. subtilis B315 tipe alaminya, 2) mendeteksi sifat antibiosis dari  B. subtilis B315.  Metode yang digunakan adalah eksperimen melalui mutagenesis dengan EMS, seleksi mutan berdasarkan pengujian antibiosis, waktu generasi, pola nutrisi dan konsistensi koloni.  Sifat antibiosis dideteksi dengan ekstraksi metabolit sekunder.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mutagenesis dengan EMS yang optimum adalah pada waktu 274,7 menit dengan kematian maksimum 81,7%, Terdapat tiga kelompok mutan antibiosis yaitu yang tidak menghambat R. solanacearum, menghambat dengan zona hambatan 1-3 mm dan menghambat  dengan zona hambatan >3 mm. Mutan antibiosis terpilih yang kehilangan sifat  menghambat, namun waktu generasi dan pola nutrisi serta konsistensi koloni sama dengan B. subtilis B315 tipe alami adalah mutan M16.  Sifat antibiosis B. subtilis B315 ditunjukkan dengan metabolit sekunder yang diekstrak dengan metanol, menghasilkan puncak spot yang berbeda dengan mutan antibiosis M16. Kata kunci: Bacillus subtilis B315, mutan antibiosis, pengendalian, Ralstonia solanacearum  Pr7 ABSTRACT            Bacillus subtilis B315 is an antagonistic bacterium against plant pathogens such as Ralstonia solanacearum that causes bacterial wilt disease.  One of the antagonistic mechanisms is antibiosis. Antibiosis mutant is made to prove that B. subtilis B315 has an antibiosis mechanism in controlling R. solanacearum.  Aims of the research were 1) to select the B. subtilis B315 antibiosis mutant compared with B. subtilis B315 wild type, and  2) to detect antibiosis characters owned by B. subtilis B315.  The method used was an experiment through mutagenesis with EMS, mutant selection based on antibiosis test, generation time, nutrition pattern and colony consistency.  Antibiosis characters were detected by extraction of secondary metabolites.  Results of the research performed that optimal mutagenesis with EMS was at 274.7 minutes by maximum lethality of 81,7%.  There were 3 groups of antibiosis mutants i.e. not inhibiting R. solanacearum, inhibition with 1-3 mm of inhibiting zone, and inhibition with >3 mm of inhibiting zone.  The selected antibiosis mutant lost its inhibiting character, but the generation time and the nutrition pattern  and the colony consistency similar to B. subtilis B315 wild type was the M16 mutant.  Antibiosis characters of B. subtilis B315 were shown by secondary metabolites extracted with methanol to produce the peak spot that was different from the M16 antibiosis mutant. Key words: Bacillus subtilis B315, antibiosis mutant, control, Ralstonia solanacearum  Pr7 
Sebaran Penyakit Hawar Daun Bakteri di Beberapa Sentra Produksi Bawang Merah di Indonesia Asrul, Asrul; Arwiyanto, Triwidodo; Hadisutrisno, Bambang; Widada, Jaka
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 18, No 1 (2013): February 2013
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (590.704 KB) | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v18i1.261

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui daerah sebaran penyakit hawar daun bakteri di beberapa sentra pertanaman bawang merah di Indonesia dan kultivar bawang merah yang dapat diinfeksi, serta mengidentifikasi patogen penyebabnya. Penentuan lokasi pengamatan dan pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara stratified purpossive random sampling. Survei dilakukan dengan cara wawancara dan pengamatan di lapangan (observasi) terhadap kultivar bawang dan gejala penyakit yang terinfeksi oleh bakteri patogen. Sampel diidentifikasi melalui pengamatan morfologi koloni, uji postulat Koch, uji reaksi hipersensitif dan pengujian sifat-sifat biokimia dan fisiologi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyakit hawar daun bakteri telah tersebar secara merata di seluruh daerah pertanaman bawang merah di Indonesia, yang meliputi Kabupaten Cirebon, Tegal, Nganjuk, Bantul, dan Sigi, dengan tingkat serangan mencapai 62,5–100%. Penyakit ini menginfeksi bawang merah kultivar Bima curut, Bauji, Biru-sawah, dan Palasa. Gejala hawar daun bakteri yang dijumpai berupa water soaking, terjadi lekukan daun, pengerutan daun,  klorosis, nekrosis, mati pucuk, pertumbuhan kerdil, dan kematian. Isolat bakteri yang ditemukan mempunyai bentuk koloni bulat, cembung, berlendir, dan berwarna kuning. Ciri morfologi koloni, gejala dan karakteristik isolat bakteri mirip dengan sifat-sifat bakteri Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. allii penyebab penyakit hawar daun pada bawang bombay.Kata kunci: Sebaran, bawang merah hawar daun bakteri, Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. allii
KARAKTERISTIK MORFOLOGI DAN FISIOLOGI BAKTERI ENDOFIT DAN RIZOBAKTERI DARI TANAMAN CENGKEH SEHAT dwimartina, fina; Joko, Tri; Arwiyanto, Triwidodo
Jurnal Agro Wiralodra Vol 4 No 1 (2021): Jurnal Agro Wiralodra
Publisher : Universitas Wiralodra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31943/agro wiralodra.v4i1.58

Abstract

One of the determining factors in disease control is the use of superior seeds which have good quality and quantity. The use of biological control agents that form a symbiotic mutualism in their host plants can be used as an effort to obtain quality clove seeds. Endophytic bacteria and rhizobacteria have been reported as potential biological control agents for many plant diseases because of their safety in humans and non-target organisms. The purpose of this study was to identify the physiological and morphological characteristics of endophytic and rhizobacterial isolates obtained from clove plants. A total of 46 endophytic bacterial isolates were isolated from healthy clove roots, stems, leaves and flowers. Also, 66 isolates were isolated from the soil around the rhizosphere area. Based on the results of the identification of physiological and morphological characteristics, it is evident that the endophytic and rhizobacterial bacteria tested have the same character as Bacillus spp.
Pengaruh Tomat Sambung Pada Intensitas Penyakit Layu Bakteri (Ralstonia solanacearum), Komponen Hasil Produksi, dan Kualitas Buah Lisa Navitasari; Tri Joko; Rudi Hari Murti; Triwidodo Arwiyanto
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol. 26 No. 3 (2021): Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18343/jipi.26.3.413

Abstract

Ralstonia solanacearum (Smith) is one of soil borne pathogens causes bacterial wilt diseases and R. solanacearum is difficult to control because it has a long survival in the soil and have many hosts alternatives. One alternative to control R. solanacearum and to increase productivity is by using grating with combination of resistant varieties of tomato as a rootstock and high production varieties of tomato as a scion. Several studies on grafting to suppress R. solanacearum were reported. However, study on grafting with combination between resistant tomato varieties (Amelia H7996) and high-production tomato varieties with R. solanacearum infestation and without R. solanacearum infestation on the component of yield and fruit quality is limited. The study aims to analyze the effect of grafting with R. solanacearum infestation to the intensity of bacterial wilt disease, component of yield, and fruit quality with R. solanacearum infestation and without R. solanacearum infestation. The result indicated that the intensity of bacterial wilt disease on grafted tomato did not significantly different from resistant rootstock but significantly different from scion. Infestation of R. solanacearum on grafted tomato can decreased the plant productivity that decreased the component of yield on grafted tomato. R. solanacearum infestation also decreased the fruit quality on diameters and fruit firmness. Nevertheless, R. solanacearum did not affect the Total soluble solid/TSS (°Brix). TSS on grafted tomato indicated that the value is taller than rootstock in the field with R. solanacearum infestation and in the field without R. solanacearum infestation. Keywords: fruit quality, productivity, Rasltonia solanacearum, tomato grafted
Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan Bibit Akor yang Diinokulasi Bakteri Patogen Terbawa Benih Tati Suharti; Triwidodo Arwiyanto; Tri Joko
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 14 No 5 (2018)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (223.216 KB) | DOI: 10.14692/jfi.14.5.159

Abstract

Growth and Development of Inoculated in Northern Black Wattle Seedling with Seed Borne Bacterial PathogensNorthern black wattle (Acacia auriculiformis) is a fast growing species that has multipurpose benefits such as pulpwood, solid wood, firewood, charcoal and pellet. Seed-borne bacterial pathogens were reported to reduce seed germination and seedling growth. The objective of this study was to evaluate effect of seed borne bacterial pathogen of A. auriculiformis on seed germination and 12 weeks-old seedling growth. Bacterial seed inoculation was performed by soaking the seed into respective bacterial suspension for 2 hours. The tested bacteria were Acinetobacter sp., Alcaligenes faecalis, Burkholderia cepacia complex, Escherichia hermannii, Paenochrobactrum sp., Pseudomonas stutzeri, Ralstonia sp., and Salmonella bongori. The results showed that all tested bacteria could reduce seed germination, but those does not affect seedling growth significantly. All tested bacteria excluding Acinetobacter sp. could inhibit seedling growth and development.
PENGENDALIAN PENYAKIT LAYU BAKTERI NILAM MENGGUNAKAN Bacillus spp. DAN Pseudomonad fluoresen CHRISNAWATI CHRISNAWATI; NASRUN NASRUN; TRIWIDODO ARWIYANTO
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 15, No 3 (2009): September 2009
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v15n3.2009.116-123

Abstract

ABSTRAKPenelitian pengendalian penyakit layu bakteri nilam (Ralstoniasolanacearum) menggunakan Bacillus spp. dan Pseudomonad fluoresen dikebun petani nilam di Nagari Kajai, Pasaman Barat, Sumatera Barat telahdilakukan pada bulan Mei sampai November 2006. Penelitian ini bertujuanuntuk mendapatkan Bacillus spp. dan Pseudomonad fluoresen yangberpotensi untuk mengendalikan penyakit layu bakteri, dan meningkatkanpertumbuhan dan produksi nilam. Isolat Bacillus spp. Bc 26; Bc 80 dan Bc81 dan Pseudomonad fluoresen Pf 101; Pf146 dan Pf 170 dalam bentukkombinasi sebagai perlakuan yang diisolasi dari rizosfer nilam sehat, dandiseleksi berdasarkan kemampuan antagonistik terhadap R. solanacearumsecara in vitro di laboratorium dan in planta di rumah kaca KP BalittroLaing Solok. Isolat Bacillus spp. dan Pseudomonad fluoresen tersebutdiintroduksikan ke nilam dan dibiarkan selama 1 minggu sebelum ditanam.Tanaman yang telah diperlakukan dengan isolat Bacillus spp. danPseudomonad fluoresen ditanam pada kebun nilam yang telah terinfeksioleh bakteri patogen pada bulan Mei 2006. Perlakuan yang diuji disusundalam rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan 3 ulangan. Parameterpengamatan adalah perkembangan penyakit layu bakteri meliputi masainkubasi dan intensitas penyakit, pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi isolat Bacillus spp. Bc26dan Pseudomonad fluoresen Pf101 dapat mengendalikan penyakit layubakteri nilam lebih baik dibandingkan dengan isolat Bacillus spp. Bc 26dan Pseudomonad fluoresen Pf 101 secara terpisah dan isolat Bacillus spp.dan Pseudomonad fluoresen lainnya secara kombinasi dan terpisah.Kombinasi isolat Bacillus spp. Bc 26 dan Pseudomonad fluoresen Pf 101dapat menunda masa inkubasi gejala penyakit layu bakteri dari 21 harisetelah tanam (HST) menjadi 63 HST dan menekan intensitas penyakitlayu bakteri dari 63,90% menjadi 14,67%. Di samping itu kombinasikedua isolat tersebut dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman sepertitinggi tanaman dari 35,53 cm menjadi 52,77 cm, jumlah daun total dari32,00 daun/tanaman menjadi 104,67 daun/tanaman, jumlah tunas dari10,33 tunas/tanaman menjadi 25,33 tunas/tanaman, berat basah daun dari16,20 g/petak menjadi 81,73 g/petak dan berat kering daun dari 5,44 g/petak menjadi 27,15 g/petak. Hasil percobaan ini menunjukkan bahwakombinasi isolat Bacillus spp. Bc 26 dan Pseudomonad fluoresen Pf 101mempunyai kemampuan tertinggi dalam mengendalikan penyakit layubakteri dan meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman nilam di lapang.Kata kunci: Pogostemon  cablin  Benth,  penyakit  layu  bakteri,pengendalian, Bacillus spp., Pseudomonad fluorescentABSTRACTUse of Bacillus sp. and Fluorecent Pseudomonad to Control Bacterial Wilt Disease on Patchouli PlantThe study of controlling bacterial wilt disease on patchouli plant(Ralstonia solacearum) with Bacillus spp. and Fluorescent pseudomonadwas carried out in farmer field in Kajai Village, West Pasaman, WestSumatra from May to November 2006. The aims of the study were to findout the effectiveness of Bacillus spp. and Fluorescent pseudomonad forcontrolling bacterial wilt disease, and increasing plant growth andproduction. Isolates of Bacillus spp. Bc 26, Bc 80, and Bc 81, andFluorescent pseudomonad Pf 101, Pf 146 and Pf 170 in combination orseperation as treatments were isolated from the rhizosphere of healthypatchouli plant, and selected based on antagonistic activity on R.solanacearum in vitro at the laboratory and in planta at green house of KP.Balittro Laing Solok. Isolates were inoculated on patchouli plant andremained for one week before planting. The plants, treated with Bacillusspp. and Fluorescent pseudomonad isolates, were planted in the fieldinfected with pathogen bacterial in May 2006. The treatment was arrangedin a randomized block design (RBD) with three replications. Theassessment parameters were incubation period, disease intensity, plantgrowth and production of patchouli plants. The results showed thatcombination of Bacillus spp. and Fluorescent pseudomonad could controlthe bacterial wilt disease better than Bacillus spp. Bc 26 and Fluorescentpseudomonad seperately, and the other Bacillus spp. and Fluorescentpseudomonad either in combination or separation. Combination ofBacillus spp. Bc26 and Fluorescent pseudomonad Pf 101 delayed theincubation period from 21 to 63 days and decreased the disease intensity ofbacterial wilt from 63.90 to 14.67%. In addition combination of bothisolates could affect the increase of plant growth, i.e plant height from35.53 to 52.77 cm, total numbers of leaves from 32.00 to 104 leaves/plant,budding numbers from 10.33 to 25.33 budding/plant, wet weight of leavesfrom 16.20 to 81.73 g/plot, and dry weight of leaves from 5.44 to 27.15g/plot. The results of the experiment showed that Bacillus spp. Bc 26 andFluorescent pseudomonad Pf 101 isolates have the highest activity oncontrolling the bacterial wilt disease and increase the growth of patchouliplant in the field.Key words: Patchouli, Pogostemon cablin Benth, bacterial wilt disease,biological control, Bacillus spp., Fluorescent pseudomonad
PENGENDALIAN PENYAKIT LAYU BAKTERI NILAM MENGGUNAKAN PSEUDOMONAD FLUORESEN NASRUN NASRUN; CHRISTANTI CHRISTANTI; TRIWIDODO ARWIYANTO; IKA MARISKA
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 11, No 1 (2005): Maret 2005
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v11n1.2005.19-24

Abstract

ABSTRAKPenelitian pengendalian penyakit layu bakteri nilam (Ralstoniasolanacearum) menggunakan pseudomonad fluoresen di kebun petaninilam Desa Situak Pasaman Barat, Sumatera Barat telah dilakukan padabulan Oktober 2003 sampai dengan Juni 2004. Penelitian ini bertujuanuntuk mendapatkan pseudomonad fluoresen yang berpotensi untukmengendalikan penyakit layu bakteri, dan meningkatkan pertumbuhandan produksi nilam. Isolat pseudomonad fluoresen Pf 63, Pf 90, Pf 91, Pf147, dan Pf 180 sebagai perlakuan diisolasi dari rizosfer nilam sehat, dandiseleksi  berdasarkan  kemampuan  antagonistik  terhadap  R.solanacearum secara in vitro di Laboratorium Bakteriologi TumbuhanFakultas Pertanian UGM. Isolat pseudomonad fluoresen tersebutdiintroduksikan ke nilam dan diadaptasikan selama 1 minggu sebelumditanam. Tanaman yang telah diperlakukan dengan isolat pseudomonadfluoresen ditanam pada kebun yang telah terinfeksi dengan patogen padabulan Oktober 2003. Percobaan disusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok(RAK) dengan 6 ulangan. Parameter pengamatan adalah masa inkubasi,intensitas penyakit, pertumbuhan tanaman dan produksi minyak nilam.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa isolat pseudomonad fluoresendapat mengendalikan penyakit layu bakteri dengan perpanjangan masainkubasi 6-52 hari dan penekanan intensitas penyakit 31,11 – 50,56%.Disamping itu isolat pseudomonad fluoresen dapat mempengaruhipeningkatan pertumbuhan tanaman yaitu tinggi tanaman (6,7 – 26,3 cm),jumlah daun (4,6 – 30,1 daun/tanaman) dan berat kering daun (24,5 –154,3 g/tanaman), dan produksi minyak nilam terutama jumlah minyak(4,8 – 22,3 ml/tanaman). Hasil percobaan ini menunjukkan bahwa isolatPf 91 mempunyai kemampuan antagonistik tertinggi dalam mengen-dalikan penyakit layu bakteri di lapangan.Kata kunci : Nilam, Pogostemon cablin Benth, penyakit layu, bakteri,pengendalian hayati, pseudomonad fluoresenABSTRACTControlling bacterial wilt disease on patchouli plant withfluorescent pseudomonadThe study of controlling bacterial wilt disease on patchouli plant(Ralstonia solanacearum) with fluorescent pseudomonad was carried outin a farmer’s field in Situak Village West Pasaman, West Sumatera fromOctober 2003 to June 2004. The aims of the study were to find out theeffectiveness of fluorescent pseudomonad for controlling bacterial wiltdisease, increasing plant growth and production. Isolates of fluorescentpseudomonad Pf 63, Pf 90, Pf 91, Pf 147 and Pf 180 as treatments wereisolated from the rhizosphere of healthy patchouli plant, and selectedbased on antagonistic activity on R. solanacearum in vitro at theLaboratory of Plant Bacteriology, Faculty of Agriculture, UGM. Theisolates were inoculated on patchouli plant and adapted for one weekbefore planting. The plants treated with fluorescent pseudomonadisolates were planted in the field infected with pathogen on October2003. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design(RBD) with six replications. The assessment parameters were incubationperiod, disease intensity, plant growth and production of patchouli plants.The results showed that fluorescent pseudomonad isolates could controlthe bacterial wilt disease and delay the incubation period 6-52 days anddecrease the disease intensity 31,11–50,56%. In addition fluorescentpseudomonad isolates could affect the increase of plant growth, i.e. plantheight ( 6,7 – 26,3 cm ), leaf numbers (4,6 – 30,1 leaves/plant) and dryweight of leaves (24,5 – 154,3 g/plant), and plant production, especiallyoil content (4,8 – 22,3 ml/plant). The results of the experiment showedthat Pf 91 isolate had the highest antagonistic activity on controlling thebacterial wilt disease on field.Key words : Patchouli, Pogostemon cablin Benth, wilt disease,bacterial, biological control, fluorescent pseudomonad
Co-Authors Achmadi Priyatmojo Anggita Rahmawati Ari Astuti Asrul Asrul Asrul Asrul Azizah Ridha Ulilalbab Bambang Hadisutrisno Bambang Hadisutrisno Bambang HADISUTRISNO Bambang Hadisutrisno Bambang Hendro Sunarminto Bambang Trianom CHRISNAWATI CHRISNAWATI CHRISTANTI CHRISTANTI Christanti Sumardiyono Didik Indradewa Didik Indradewa Djati Widhityarini Dwimartina, Fina Elizabeth Handini Gembong Dalmadiyo Heru Adi Djatmiko I. Hartana I. Hartana IKA MARISKA Isna Maulida JAKA WIDADA Kharis Haryono Lisa Navitasari Murti, Rudi Hari NASRUN NASRUN NASRUN NASRUN Nur Prihatiningsih Putri Laeshita Riska Awalia Putri Rudi Hari Murti SEDYO HARTONO Sri Sulandari Sri Sulandari Sri Sulandari Sudarmadi Sudarmadi Suhartiningsih Dwi Nurcahyanti Supriyanto Supriyanto Tati Suharti Tati Suharti Toekidjo Martoredjo Toekidjo Martoredjo Tri Joko Tri Joko Tri Joko Tri Joko Tri Retno Widyastuti Wulandari, Rani Agustina Y. M. S. Maryudani Yenny WURYANDARI