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All Journal Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Agroland : Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Berkala Ilmiah Pertanian Biota: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia JURNAL AGROTEKNOLOGI Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA Agrin : Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Jurnal Agro Wiralodra Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri (Littri) Agroland: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Pertanian
Triwidodo Arwiyanto
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Economics, Econometrics & Finance Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Medicine & Pharmacology

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Journal : Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri (Littri)

 1 
PENGENDALIAN PENYAKIT LAYU BAKTERI NILAM MENGGUNAKAN Bacillus spp. DAN Pseudomonad fluoresen CHRISNAWATI CHRISNAWATI; NASRUN NASRUN; TRIWIDODO ARWIYANTO
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 15, No 3 (2009): September 2009
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v15n3.2009.116-123

Abstract

ABSTRAKPenelitian pengendalian penyakit layu bakteri nilam (Ralstoniasolanacearum) menggunakan Bacillus spp. dan Pseudomonad fluoresen dikebun petani nilam di Nagari Kajai, Pasaman Barat, Sumatera Barat telahdilakukan pada bulan Mei sampai November 2006. Penelitian ini bertujuanuntuk mendapatkan Bacillus spp. dan Pseudomonad fluoresen yangberpotensi untuk mengendalikan penyakit layu bakteri, dan meningkatkanpertumbuhan dan produksi nilam. Isolat Bacillus spp. Bc 26; Bc 80 dan Bc81 dan Pseudomonad fluoresen Pf 101; Pf146 dan Pf 170 dalam bentukkombinasi sebagai perlakuan yang diisolasi dari rizosfer nilam sehat, dandiseleksi berdasarkan kemampuan antagonistik terhadap R. solanacearumsecara in vitro di laboratorium dan in planta di rumah kaca KP BalittroLaing Solok. Isolat Bacillus spp. dan Pseudomonad fluoresen tersebutdiintroduksikan ke nilam dan dibiarkan selama 1 minggu sebelum ditanam.Tanaman yang telah diperlakukan dengan isolat Bacillus spp. danPseudomonad fluoresen ditanam pada kebun nilam yang telah terinfeksioleh bakteri patogen pada bulan Mei 2006. Perlakuan yang diuji disusundalam rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan 3 ulangan. Parameterpengamatan adalah perkembangan penyakit layu bakteri meliputi masainkubasi dan intensitas penyakit, pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi isolat Bacillus spp. Bc26dan Pseudomonad fluoresen Pf101 dapat mengendalikan penyakit layubakteri nilam lebih baik dibandingkan dengan isolat Bacillus spp. Bc 26dan Pseudomonad fluoresen Pf 101 secara terpisah dan isolat Bacillus spp.dan Pseudomonad fluoresen lainnya secara kombinasi dan terpisah.Kombinasi isolat Bacillus spp. Bc 26 dan Pseudomonad fluoresen Pf 101dapat menunda masa inkubasi gejala penyakit layu bakteri dari 21 harisetelah tanam (HST) menjadi 63 HST dan menekan intensitas penyakitlayu bakteri dari 63,90% menjadi 14,67%. Di samping itu kombinasikedua isolat tersebut dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman sepertitinggi tanaman dari 35,53 cm menjadi 52,77 cm, jumlah daun total dari32,00 daun/tanaman menjadi 104,67 daun/tanaman, jumlah tunas dari10,33 tunas/tanaman menjadi 25,33 tunas/tanaman, berat basah daun dari16,20 g/petak menjadi 81,73 g/petak dan berat kering daun dari 5,44 g/petak menjadi 27,15 g/petak. Hasil percobaan ini menunjukkan bahwakombinasi isolat Bacillus spp. Bc 26 dan Pseudomonad fluoresen Pf 101mempunyai kemampuan tertinggi dalam mengendalikan penyakit layubakteri dan meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman nilam di lapang.Kata kunci: Pogostemon  cablin  Benth,  penyakit  layu  bakteri,pengendalian, Bacillus spp., Pseudomonad fluorescentABSTRACTUse of Bacillus sp. and Fluorecent Pseudomonad to Control Bacterial Wilt Disease on Patchouli PlantThe study of controlling bacterial wilt disease on patchouli plant(Ralstonia solacearum) with Bacillus spp. and Fluorescent pseudomonadwas carried out in farmer field in Kajai Village, West Pasaman, WestSumatra from May to November 2006. The aims of the study were to findout the effectiveness of Bacillus spp. and Fluorescent pseudomonad forcontrolling bacterial wilt disease, and increasing plant growth andproduction. Isolates of Bacillus spp. Bc 26, Bc 80, and Bc 81, andFluorescent pseudomonad Pf 101, Pf 146 and Pf 170 in combination orseperation as treatments were isolated from the rhizosphere of healthypatchouli plant, and selected based on antagonistic activity on R.solanacearum in vitro at the laboratory and in planta at green house of KP.Balittro Laing Solok. Isolates were inoculated on patchouli plant andremained for one week before planting. The plants, treated with Bacillusspp. and Fluorescent pseudomonad isolates, were planted in the fieldinfected with pathogen bacterial in May 2006. The treatment was arrangedin a randomized block design (RBD) with three replications. Theassessment parameters were incubation period, disease intensity, plantgrowth and production of patchouli plants. The results showed thatcombination of Bacillus spp. and Fluorescent pseudomonad could controlthe bacterial wilt disease better than Bacillus spp. Bc 26 and Fluorescentpseudomonad seperately, and the other Bacillus spp. and Fluorescentpseudomonad either in combination or separation. Combination ofBacillus spp. Bc26 and Fluorescent pseudomonad Pf 101 delayed theincubation period from 21 to 63 days and decreased the disease intensity ofbacterial wilt from 63.90 to 14.67%. In addition combination of bothisolates could affect the increase of plant growth, i.e plant height from35.53 to 52.77 cm, total numbers of leaves from 32.00 to 104 leaves/plant,budding numbers from 10.33 to 25.33 budding/plant, wet weight of leavesfrom 16.20 to 81.73 g/plot, and dry weight of leaves from 5.44 to 27.15g/plot. The results of the experiment showed that Bacillus spp. Bc 26 andFluorescent pseudomonad Pf 101 isolates have the highest activity oncontrolling the bacterial wilt disease and increase the growth of patchouliplant in the field.Key words: Patchouli, Pogostemon cablin Benth, bacterial wilt disease,biological control, Bacillus spp., Fluorescent pseudomonad
PENGENDALIAN PENYAKIT LAYU BAKTERI NILAM MENGGUNAKAN PSEUDOMONAD FLUORESEN NASRUN NASRUN; CHRISTANTI CHRISTANTI; TRIWIDODO ARWIYANTO; IKA MARISKA
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 11, No 1 (2005): Maret 2005
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v11n1.2005.19-24

Abstract

ABSTRAKPenelitian pengendalian penyakit layu bakteri nilam (Ralstoniasolanacearum) menggunakan pseudomonad fluoresen di kebun petaninilam Desa Situak Pasaman Barat, Sumatera Barat telah dilakukan padabulan Oktober 2003 sampai dengan Juni 2004. Penelitian ini bertujuanuntuk mendapatkan pseudomonad fluoresen yang berpotensi untukmengendalikan penyakit layu bakteri, dan meningkatkan pertumbuhandan produksi nilam. Isolat pseudomonad fluoresen Pf 63, Pf 90, Pf 91, Pf147, dan Pf 180 sebagai perlakuan diisolasi dari rizosfer nilam sehat, dandiseleksi  berdasarkan  kemampuan  antagonistik  terhadap  R.solanacearum secara in vitro di Laboratorium Bakteriologi TumbuhanFakultas Pertanian UGM. Isolat pseudomonad fluoresen tersebutdiintroduksikan ke nilam dan diadaptasikan selama 1 minggu sebelumditanam. Tanaman yang telah diperlakukan dengan isolat pseudomonadfluoresen ditanam pada kebun yang telah terinfeksi dengan patogen padabulan Oktober 2003. Percobaan disusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok(RAK) dengan 6 ulangan. Parameter pengamatan adalah masa inkubasi,intensitas penyakit, pertumbuhan tanaman dan produksi minyak nilam.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa isolat pseudomonad fluoresendapat mengendalikan penyakit layu bakteri dengan perpanjangan masainkubasi 6-52 hari dan penekanan intensitas penyakit 31,11 – 50,56%.Disamping itu isolat pseudomonad fluoresen dapat mempengaruhipeningkatan pertumbuhan tanaman yaitu tinggi tanaman (6,7 – 26,3 cm),jumlah daun (4,6 – 30,1 daun/tanaman) dan berat kering daun (24,5 –154,3 g/tanaman), dan produksi minyak nilam terutama jumlah minyak(4,8 – 22,3 ml/tanaman). Hasil percobaan ini menunjukkan bahwa isolatPf 91 mempunyai kemampuan antagonistik tertinggi dalam mengen-dalikan penyakit layu bakteri di lapangan.Kata kunci : Nilam, Pogostemon cablin Benth, penyakit layu, bakteri,pengendalian hayati, pseudomonad fluoresenABSTRACTControlling bacterial wilt disease on patchouli plant withfluorescent pseudomonadThe study of controlling bacterial wilt disease on patchouli plant(Ralstonia solanacearum) with fluorescent pseudomonad was carried outin a farmer’s field in Situak Village West Pasaman, West Sumatera fromOctober 2003 to June 2004. The aims of the study were to find out theeffectiveness of fluorescent pseudomonad for controlling bacterial wiltdisease, increasing plant growth and production. Isolates of fluorescentpseudomonad Pf 63, Pf 90, Pf 91, Pf 147 and Pf 180 as treatments wereisolated from the rhizosphere of healthy patchouli plant, and selectedbased on antagonistic activity on R. solanacearum in vitro at theLaboratory of Plant Bacteriology, Faculty of Agriculture, UGM. Theisolates were inoculated on patchouli plant and adapted for one weekbefore planting. The plants treated with fluorescent pseudomonadisolates were planted in the field infected with pathogen on October2003. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design(RBD) with six replications. The assessment parameters were incubationperiod, disease intensity, plant growth and production of patchouli plants.The results showed that fluorescent pseudomonad isolates could controlthe bacterial wilt disease and delay the incubation period 6-52 days anddecrease the disease intensity 31,11–50,56%. In addition fluorescentpseudomonad isolates could affect the increase of plant growth, i.e. plantheight ( 6,7 – 26,3 cm ), leaf numbers (4,6 – 30,1 leaves/plant) and dryweight of leaves (24,5 – 154,3 g/plant), and plant production, especiallyoil content (4,8 – 22,3 ml/plant). The results of the experiment showedthat Pf 91 isolate had the highest antagonistic activity on controlling thebacterial wilt disease on field.Key words : Patchouli, Pogostemon cablin Benth, wilt disease,bacterial, biological control, fluorescent pseudomonad
Co-Authors . Supriyanto Achmadi Priyatmojo Anggita Rahmawati Ari Astuti Asrul Asrul Asrul Asrul Asrul Asrul Azizah Ridha Ulilalbab Bambang Hadisutrisno Bambang Hadisutrisno Bambang Hadisutrisno Bambang HADISUTRISNO Bambang Hendro Sunarminto Bambang Trianom CHRISNAWATI CHRISNAWATI CHRISTANTI CHRISTANTI Christanti Sumardiyono Didik Indradewa Didik Indradewa Djati Widhityarini Dwimartina, Fina Elizabeth Handini Gembong Dalmadiyo Heru Adi Djatmiko I. Hartana I. Hartana IKA MARISKA Isna Maulida Jaka Widada JAKA WIDADA Kharis Haryono Lisa Navitasari Murti, Rudi Hari NASRUN NASRUN NASRUN NASRUN Nur Prihatiningsih Putri Laeshita Riska Awalia Putri Rudi Hari Murti SEDYO HARTONO Sri Sulandari Sri Sulandari Sri Sulandari Sudarmadi Sudarmadi Suhartiningsih Dwi Nurcahyanti Tati Suharti Tati Suharti Toekidjo Martoredjo Toekidjo Martoredjo Tri Joko Tri Joko Tri Joko Tri Joko Tri Retno Widyastuti Wulandari, Rani Agustina Y. M. S. Maryudani Yenny WURYANDARI