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PEMBUATAN UREA PELEPASAN TERKENDALI MELALUI PELAPISAN DENGAN AMILUM MENGGUNAKAN TEKNOLOGI FLUIDIZED BED SPRAY Khair Ivanky; Rizki Tri Wahyudi; S Suherman
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 1, Nomor 1, Tahun 2012
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Indonesia is one of the largest consumer of nitrogen fertilizer. However, the use of fertilizers has been inefficient because 20-70% content of nitrogenin fertilizers quickly dissolvein water. Therefore, the necessary coating urea with polymer to improve the efficiency of fertilizer nitrogen absorbed so much more. One way to improve the efficiency of urea fertilizer is urea coated with the coating material known as Slow Release Fertilizer (SRF) which is a nitrogen-controlled components. Coating of urea has been widely studied by many researchers, such as urea to the polymer coating is carried out by Liu(2008). The polymers used inthis study is Poly vinyl Alcohol and starch which serves as an adhesive in a coating solution. The range of temperatures used ranged from 350C-500C, the concentration of starch are used10% -50% by weight of coating, and PEG as additives. The tools used are fludized bed as a medium spray to coat and dry urea. The results showed that the higher the operating temperature of the coating efficiency decreases, the dissolution rate decreases and the decrease dustiness. The higher the concentration of coating then the coating efficiency is increased, decreased dissolution rate and increasing dustiness. Microscopy analysis of morphology structure as coated urea particle by using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) show there is obtained two layers.

STUDI KINETIKA PENGERINGAN BUNGA ROSELLA (Hibiscus Sabdariffa) MENGGUNAKAN PENGERING RAK UDARA RESIRKULASI Rustam Santiko Nugroho; S Suherman
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 2, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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This study was performed to determine the most appropriate thin layer drying model and the effective moisture diffusivity of Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) using recirculated tray dryer. Rosella dried using recirculated tray dryer at temperatures of 40, 50 and 60ºC. The drying data were fitted to eleven thin layer models and a thin layer model for the roselle calyx was developed by regressing the coefficients of the best fit model. The newton model was most adequate model for describing the thin layer drying kinetics of the roselle calyx. The drying constant was found to vary linearly with temperature. Also, effective diffusivity was evaluated by using Fick’s second law, which varied from 1.405 x 10-10 to 2.283 x 10-10 m2/s. The dependence of moisture diffusivity on temperature was described by Arrhenius type equation. The activation energy for moisture diffusion during drying was 21.02 kJ/gmol.

PEMBUATAN UREA PELEPASAN LEPAS LAMBAT MELALUI PELAPISAN DENGAN AMILUM-ACRYLIC Margie Agami Haq; Septiana Triwiningsih; S Suherman
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 1, Nomor 1, Tahun 2012
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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The controlled release technology by coating for increasing the efficiency of fertilizer can reduce fertilizer’s losses and minimize environmental pollution. Starch mixed with acrylic acid, PEG and water were used as coating solution. The coating process of granular urea was conducted in fluid bed spray coater. The influence of bed temperature, and concentration of starch on properties of coated urea product was investigated. Microscopic analysis by SEM shows the formation of a thin layer on the surface of coated urea product that has a different morphology, more compact, and any irregularities of the crystal. The dissolution rate of the product decraesed with increasing concentration of starch and decreasing bed temperature. The percent coating of the product increased with increasing concentration of starch and decreasing bed temperature. The dustiness of the product increased with increasing starch concentration and bed temperature.

Pengembangan Kawasan Industri Ramah Lingkungan Sebagai Upaya Untuk Menjaga Keseimbangan Ekosistem (Studi Kasus di Taman Industri BSB Semarang) Anif Rizqianti Hariz; Purwanto Purwanto; Suherman Suherman
Al-Hayat: Journal of Biology and Applied Biology Vol 1, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, UIN Walisongo Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/ah.v1i1.2688

Kawasan industri merupakan suatu kawasan tempat pemusatan kegiatan industri yang dilengkapi dengan sarana dan prasarana penunjang yang dikembangkan dan dikelola oleh perusahaan kawasan industri. Sumber daya dan energi yang dibutuhkan dalam penyediaan sarana dan prasarana tersebut, serta bahan baku yang digunakan dalam industri, menyebabkan terjadinya eksploitasi berbagai sumber daya alam, yang apabila eksploitasi tersebut tidak terkendali akan dapat menyebabkan terjadinya kerusakan lingkungan. Aktivitas industri memiliki peran dalam pertumbuhan ekonomi, tetapi di sisi lain juga mendorong terjadinya kerusakan lingkungan. Keberadaan kawasan industri dalam sebuah ekosistem tentunya akan menimbulkan dampak dan perubahan pada ekosistem tersebut. Padahal dalam ekosistem sendiri terdapat berbagai macam komponen yang menyusunnya, baik itu komponen biotik maupun abiotik. Untuk itu, muncul sebuah konsep yang disebut konsep industri hijau, yaitu kawasan industri yang ramah lingkungan, sehingga dapat dicapai manfaat lingkungan, ekonomi, dan sosial sebanyak mungkin. Dan tujuan jangka panjang dari konsep ini adalah untuk mempertahankan keseimbangan ekosistem yang menjadi tempat berlangsungnya kegiatan industri pada kawasan industri. Proses pengembangan kawasan industri terus dilakukan agar dapat menjadi kawasan industri hijau. Taman Industri BSB merupakan salah satu kawasan industri di Semarang yang sedang berkembang. Dalam penelitian ini dilihat hal-hal apa saja yang menjadi kekuatan, kelemahan, peluang, dan ancaman dalam pengembangan Taman Industri BSB menjadi kawasan industri hijau. Metode yang digunakan dalam pemilihan strategi adalah analisis SWOT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa strategi yang dapat dilakukan pada tahap awal pengembangan adalah melakukan pembelian bahan baku bersama antar industri sejenis dalam kawasan, pengoperasian IPAL kawasan untuk mengolah air limbah secara komunal, dan kerjasama antara industri dalam kawasan dan masyarakat sekitar dengan mengembangkan industri kecil daur ulang.

Energy Analysis of a Hybrid Solar Dryer for Drying Coffee Beans Suherman Suherman; Hasri Widuri; Shelyn Patricia; Evan Eduard Susanto; Raafi Jaya Sutrisna
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 9, No 1 (2020): February 2020
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.9.1.131-139

In this study, hybrid solar drying of coffee beans was performed, and energy analysis was carried out, to assess the system’s performance, in terms of energy efficiency, compared to solar drying and the open sun drying method. The dryer has three compartments: solar collector for collecting solar radiation, drying chamber, and a Liquid Petroleum Gas burner, which acted as an auxiliary heater to assist the thermal energy. The drying chamber has four trays for placing the dried product. The initial moisture content of coffee beans was 54.23% w.b and was reduced to the final moisture content between 11-12% w.b. The coffee beans dried faster when subjected to the solar hybrid drying method, compared to other methods, with the dryer temperature of 40°C, 50°C, and 60°C. Results indicated that the coffee beans’ drying times varied from 10 to 14 hours. However, at temperature 50°C and 60°C for the 1st tray, the water content was reduced more rapidly compared to the other tray. From the results of this study, we can see the different efficiency of solar collector that shows of 54.15% at variable temperature 60°C for drying time 12:00 to 14:00 p.m for hybrid solar drying and for the solar drying process is 50.07% at the range of drying time 12:00 to 14:00 p.m. Mathematical modelling shows that Page model is the most suitable for describing the coffee beans’ drying behaviour using a hybrid solar dryer. The effective diffusivity values found in this experiment are all in the acceptable range for most agricultural products. ©2020. CBIORE-IJRED. All rights reserved

Analisis Klaster K-Means Terhadap Kualitas Air Sungai di Kota Surakarta, Jawa Tengah Yuli Handayani; Syafrudin Syafrudin; Suherman Suherman
Seminar Nasional Official Statistics Vol 2021 No 1 (2021): Seminar Nasional Official Statistics 2021
Publisher : Politeknik Statistika STIS

This study aims to interpret water quality data collections on the Pepe River, Anyar River, Jenes River, Kedung Jumbleng River, Gajah Putih River, Brojo River, and Premulung River in Surakarta City, Central Java. The data was obtained from the results of water quality monitoring conducted by the Surakarta City Environmental Agency at 13 sampling locations in 2020. There are 12 parameters used, namely TSS, TDS, pH, BOD, COD, DO, P, NO3-N, NH3, NO2-N, Total Coliform, and Fecal Coliform. With the k-means algorithm, two clusters were obtained with differentiating parameters Total Coliform and Fecal Coliform. With a content of 3,790.050 MPN/100ml Total Coliform and 604,400 MPN/100ml Fecal Coliform, the Jenes Hilir River has poorer water quality than other rivers in terms of pollutant content of Total Coliform and Fecal Coliform.

Drying Onion Slices using a Food Dehydrator Arianto Passalli Sarjono; Suherman Suherman
Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies Vol. 2 No. 7 (2022): Journal Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies
Publisher : Green Publisher Indonesia

Shallots are one of the mainstay products of Demak Regency which are continuously being developed. However, the Demak Shallot Cluster faces a major obstacle, namely drying technology, which is the main cause of the decline in competitiveness, and farmers suffer huge losses. Therefore, in this study, a study of the drying of sliced shallots using a food dehydrator will be carried out. The research analysis includes (1) Drying Characteristics, (2) Drying Rate Analysis, (3) Application of Thin Layer Drying Model, (4) Rehydration Ratio Analysis, (5) Color Analysis, (6) Flavonoid and Total Phenolic Analysis, (7) Antioxidant Activity Analysis. The quality parameters of shallot products in general will follow SNI 3159-2013, this standard stipulates provisions regarding the quality, size and hygiene of shallots (Allium cepa varascalonicum) of the Alliaceae family for consumption, plus the strength of onion bulbs, identification and quantification of flavonoid compounds, and anthocyanin levels. The results showed that the moisture ratio value in equilibrium was 9.34% with the fastest drying occurring at a temperature of 60 oC , which was 0.938 g/minute. The three thin layer drying models were analyzed to determine the appropriate thin layer drying model. The Page model was chosen because it has an R value of 2 the highest is 0.9353 and the lowest RMSE and x 2 values are 0.04354 and 0.0025 3. Changes in color and bioactive compounds in the dried onion slices are caused by heat which causes damage to bioactive compounds. Based on the parameters that have been determined, a temperature of 50 o C indicates the optimum temperature for drying shallot slices.

Energy Analysis of a Hybrid Solar Dryer for Drying Coffee Beans Suherman Suherman; Hasri Widuri; Shelyn Patricia; Evan Eduard Susanto; Raafi Jaya Sutrisna
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 9, No 1 (2020): February 2020
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.9.1.131-139

In this study, hybrid solar drying of coffee beans was performed, and energy analysis was carried out, to assess the system’s performance, in terms of energy efficiency, compared to solar drying and the open sun drying method. The dryer has three compartments: solar collector for collecting solar radiation, drying chamber, and a Liquid Petroleum Gas burner, which acted as an auxiliary heater to assist the thermal energy. The drying chamber has four trays for placing the dried product. The initial moisture content of coffee beans was 54.23% w.b and was reduced to the final moisture content between 11-12% w.b. The coffee beans dried faster when subjected to the solar hybrid drying method, compared to other methods, with the dryer temperature of 40°C, 50°C, and 60°C. Results indicated that the coffee beans’ drying times varied from 10 to 14 hours. However, at temperature 50°C and 60°C for the 1st tray, the water content was reduced more rapidly compared to the other tray. From the results of this study, we can see the different efficiency of solar collector that shows of 54.15% at variable temperature 60°C for drying time 12:00 to 14:00 p.m for hybrid solar drying and for the solar drying process is 50.07% at the range of drying time 12:00 to 14:00 p.m. Mathematical modelling shows that Page model is the most suitable for describing the coffee beans’ drying behaviour using a hybrid solar dryer. The effective diffusivity values found in this experiment are all in the acceptable range for most agricultural products. ©2020. CBIORE-IJRED. All rights reserved

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