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Permeability study of Several Soil Types in Sunggal Sei Krio District and in PTPN II Tanjung Morawa District Deli Serdang Through Laboratory and Field test Sarip Muda Siregar; Sumono Sumono; Lukman Adlin Harahap
Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian Vol 2, No 3 (2014): Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

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Permeability of the soil is one important factor in designing drainage channels. The determination of soil permeability can be done in the field and in laboratory. The research was aimed to determine the value of permeability rate in Sei Krio Alluvial, Entisol, and Ultisol soils in PTPN II Tanjung Morawa thorugh laboratory and field tests. Results of laboratory studies showed that the rate of permeability on Alluvial, Entisol, and Ultisol soils were, 4.39 cm/hour, and 2,14 cm/hour respectively. The value of permeability rate in the field on Alluvial, Entisol and Ultisol soils were 3.45cm/hour, 4,12 cm/hour, and 2,01 cm/hour respectively. Factor affecting the permeability differences between the three types of soil were effective depth and porosity of the soil. Differences in soil permeability in laboratory and in the field were because of the thickness of the soil. Keywords: Permeability, Effective Depth, Porosity, Drainage.

Design of Mechanical Coconut Dryer Desiccated Coconut Karten Malau; Lukman Adlin Harahap; Achwil Putra Munir
Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian Vol 3, No 1 (2015): Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

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Coconut is one of multifunction plant, every part of it was useful. One of its usage is fruit flesh grating and then dried to avoid bacteria’s growth, so it can be used to prepare bread, biscuit, candy, taking the coconut milk and ingredient of coconut flour. Therefore, the writer was design and constructed grated coconut dryer. This research has been done since April to August 2014 in Laboratorium Keteknikan Pertanian, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan by literature study, construction testing and observing the equipment. The parameters observed were effective capacity, tested of the equipment, analyzed the economic value. Based on this research it was summarized that the effective capacity of the equipment was 0,67 kg/hr, basic costs were Rp.15.391,36 for the first year, Rp. 13.739,39 for the second year, Rp. 13.189,49 for the third year, Rp. 12.915,02 for the fourth year and Rp. 12.750,65 for the fifth year, break event point was 752,21 kg/year for the first year, 405 kg/year for the second year, 290 kg/year for the third year, 232,52 kg/year for the fourth year and 198,03 kg/year for the fifth year, net present value was Rp. 118,963.293,2, internal rate of return was 43,56%, its mean that this equipment was worthy to use. Key words: coconut dryer, coconut flesh, dry grated coconut

Design Construction of Grains’ Chip Molder Putri Candra Ayu; Saipul Bahri Daulay; Lukman Adlin Harahap
Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian Vol 3, No 1 (2015): Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

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The processing of grains that contained starch into foodstuffs (chip) is an interesting thing to be known, one of the process is material’s pressing. The purpose of this research was to design, build, test and analyze the economic value of grains’ chip molder. The parameters observed were effective capacity, percentage of damaged material, organoleptic’s test and economic analysis. Based on this research, it was summarized that the effective capacity of the equipment was 2.82 kg/hour and the damaged material’s percentage was 8.07%. The color was categorized as 2 (white), the thickness was categorized as 1 (thin) and the flavor was categorized as 2 (medium). Economic analysis was as follows: basic costs for the first to the fifth year was Rp. 4,286.8/kg, Rp. 3,968.21/kg, Rp. 3,862.16/kg, Rp. 3,809.22/kg and Rp. 3,777.53/kg respectively. Break even point (BEP) for the first to the fifth year was 289.78 kg/year, 156.22 kg/year, 111.77 kg/year, 89.57 kg/year and 76.29 kg/year respectively. Internal rate of return (IRR) was 45.72%. Keywords : melinjo’s grain, molder, pressing machine

The determination of Erosion Rate on Andepts Soil Using Corn and Bench Terrace With USLE Methods and Small Plots in Kwala Bekala Estate University of North Sumatera Rian Hidayat Lubis; Sumono Sumono; Lukman Adlin Harahap
Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian Vol 3, No 1 (2015): Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

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The way to prevent the soil erosion is using vegetation method (plants) and mechanical method (terrace). This study was aimed to determine tolerable erosion rate and Erosion Hazard Level (TBE) on Andepts soil using corn and bench terrace (inward) with slope of 9%, in April-July 2014 in the District of Kwala Bekala using small plots and USLE predictions. The results showed that the amount of erosion using small plots for control land was 1,79 ton/(ha.year), on corn land was 1,67 ton/(ha.year), and on bench terrace (inward) land was 0,44 ton/(ha.year), respectively with low Erosion Hasard Level (TBE) category. USLE predictions based on 10 years of rainfall data for control land was 49,34 ton/(ha.year), on corn land was 31,34 ton/(ha.year), and on bench terrace (inward) was 17,27 ton/(ha.year) with Erosion Hazard Level (TBE) category of low to moderate. Prediction based on the USLE for 4 months rainfall data for control land was 6,28 ton/(ha.year), on corn land was 4,003 ton/(ha.year), and on bench terrace (inward) land was 2,19 ton/(ha.year) with low Erosion Hazard Level (TBE) category. The amount of tolerable erosion rate was 29 tons/(ha.years). Keywords: Andepts Soil, Bench Terrace (inward), Corn, Erosion,

Modification of Flat Burr Type Coffee Bean Grinder Mill Arta Naomi Cristiana Simanjuntak; Achwil Putra Munir; Lukman Adlin Harahap
Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian Vol 3, No 2 (2015): Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

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Milling is done to reduce size or to powder food material into a certain level of refinement to be more easily processed into other products. The aims of this research was to modify, design, build and test flat burr mill type coffee bean grinder on robusta coffee and arabic coffee. Observed parameters were the effective capacity ofthe equipment, the percentage of losses materials, and economic analysis.The results showed that the effective capacity of the equipment were 35,66 kg/hour for robusta coffee and 33,84% for arabic coffee. Losses of robusta coffee bean was 0,043% and arabic coffee was 0,032%. Losses coffee powder of robusta coffee was 4,3% and arabic coffee was 12,00%. The economic analysis was Rp. 1.074,25/kg, the average of BEP was 216.5967341 kg/year for robusta coffee and 216.7716519 kg/year for arabic coffee. The 6% NPV was Rp. 3.539.104.339,00 for robusta coffee and Rp. 3.460.116.952,00 for arabic coffee. The IRR was 46,26% for robusta coffee and 46,28% for arabic coffee. Keywords: flat burr mill, coffee, grinder, rotor, stator.

Identification of Citrus Maturity with Artificial Neural Network Karsadi Warman; Lukman Adlin Harahap; Achwil Putra Munir
Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian Vol 3, No 2 (2015): Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

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Identification of citrus maturity is still done manually by the farmers. Fruit seen visually by eyes and responded by the brain to differentiate maturity level. In large amounts it would be difficult to maintain its performance. This study was a non-conventional method of measurement that used digital image processing to produce data that will be processed by artificial neural network and then processed using computer software that can be used to determine citrus maturity level. Citrus are identified based on the histrogram input image color ( RGB ) that obtained from the results of the capture program built by using Visual Basic. Some sample of the learning pattern citrus data had different weighted values as input to the neural network by using back propagation method to distinguish raw, ripe and over ripe fruits. This identification system was capable to identify the entire category of fruit which were 90 % correct identification. From the identification that had been done, resulting the identification of the three outputs 100 % ripe citrus, over ripe 80 %, and 100 % raw. Results of the identifications were affected by the shooting fruit process. Key words : Artificial Neural Network, Image processing, back propagation, Identification, citrus

Identification of Banana Maturity (Musa paradisiaca) with Artificial Neural Network Tantry Meilany Siregar; Lukman Adlin Harahap; Ainun Rohana
Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian Vol 3, No 2 (2015): Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

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Identification of banana maturity is still done manually by the farmers. This leads to a lack of accuracy of identification in large amounts. This study was conducted to build a system capable of identifying ripeness of bananas using neural networks with image processing. The input images were bananas which were identified based on color histogram (RGB) and thent the program wasbuilt using visual basic. The system was trained with some banana image data that have different values in each classification in order to identify the level of maturity of the bananas with backpropagation method. From the identification that had been done it was found that the success rate was 100% for raw banana, almost ripe was 80%, ripe was 100% and over ripe was 100%. The identification results wass influenced by the way of taking pictures of fruit. Keyword : Artificial neural network, back propagation, banana, identification, Image processing,

Study of Pulley Diameter Effect on Product Quality of Grain’s Chip Molder Alex Candra Pardede; Saipul Bahri Daulay; Lukman Adlin Harahap
Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian Vol 3, No 2 (2015): Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

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The pulley diameter of grain’s chip molder is needed to care. The pulley diameter will affect product quality. Pulley diameter were tested to know the quality of grain’s chip produced. Research had been conducted at agricultural engineering laboratory, Agricultural faculty USU in April –August 2014 using factorial randomized block design with one factor i.e 2,5, 3,5, and 4,5 inch. Parameters observed were organoleptic test (color), yield, process capacity, uniformity of the thickness and parcentage of damage product. The results showed that the pulley diameter had no effect on the organoleptic test (color), yield and uniformity of the thickness; had significant effect on process capacity and had highly significant on parcentage of damage product. Keywords: Grain’s chip molder, pulley diameter test, product quality.

Knife Edge Test of Mechanical Desiccated Coconut Stephanus K.; Lukman Adlin Harahap; Adian Rindang
Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian Vol 3, No 2 (2015): Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

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This research was done to test the effect of knife edge on the effective capacity of the equipment, percentage of material that was grated uncompletely, percentage of material left in the equipment, and yield. This research was using non factorial completely randomized design. It was found that the effective capacity of the equipment, percentage of material that was grated completely, percentage of material left in the equipment, and yield on two knifes edge/cm2 are 44,821, 5,87%, 11,69%, and 88,31% kg/hr respectively. On three knifes edge/cm2 are 46,049, 3,97%, 9,68%, and 90,32% kg/hr respectively. On four knifes edge/cm2 are 48,988, 3,79%, 6,74%, and 93,26% kg/hr respectively. The results showed that number of knife edge had significant effect on the percentage of material that was grated uncompletely, percentage of material left in the equipment, and yield and had no effect on the effective capacity. The main cost from year one to year seven were Rp. 35,29, Rp. 32,92, Rp. 32,13, Rp. 31,73, Rp. 31,49, Rp. 31,37, and Rp. 31,23 per kg respectively. Break even point from year one to year seven were 2897,76, 1558,97, 1113,32, 890,89, 757,71, 687,64, 606,13 kg respectively. The result of net present value from 6% of bank rate was Rp. 838.406.384,79 which means this business was competent. The internal rate of return was 35,56% which means this business was competent if the bank rate were not more than 35,56%. Keywords : Knife edge, grater, desiccated coconut

Identification of Passion fruit Maturity with Image Processing Using Artificial Neural Network Doli Garesya Agian; Lukman Adlin Harahap; Sulastri Panggabean
Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian Vol 3, No 3 (2015): Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

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Identification of passion fruit maturity is still done manually by the farmers . Fruit was seen visually and responded by the brain to differentiate maturity levels . In large amounts it would be difficult to maintain their performance. This study was a non-conventional method of measurement that used digital image processing to produce data that would be processed by artificial neural network and then processed using computer software that could be used to determine passion fruit maturity level. Passion fruit was identified based on the histrogram input image color ( RGB ) that was obtained from the results of the capture program built using Visual Basic. Some sample of the passion fruit learning pattern data had different weight values as input to the neural network using backpropagation method to distinguish raw, ripe and half ripe fruits. This identification system was capable to identify the entire category of fruit which was 94,4 % correct identification. From the identification results that had been done, the identification of the three outputs were 100 % ripe, half ripe 83,3 % , and 100 % raw passion fruit . Results of the identifications were affected by the fruit shooting process. Key words : Artificial Neural Network, Back Propagation, Identification, Image Processing, Passion Fruit

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