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Penutupan multiple diastema pada maksila dan mandibula menggunakan teknik retraksi anterior dua tahap dengan perawatan ortodonti standar edgewiseClosure of the maxillary and mandibular multiple diastema using two-step anterior retraction technique with standard edgewise orthodontic treatment Cassasiona Diandra; Isnaniah Malik; Gita Gayatri
Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran Vol 32, No 3 (2021): Februari 2021 (Suplemen 2)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/jkg.v32i3.17980

Pendahuluan: Multiple diastema merupakan celah atau ruang yang terdapat di antara gigi dan dapat terjadi pada gigi geligi pada maksila dan mandibula. Diastema yang terdapat di anterior seringkali menyebabkan gangguan estetik. Teknik retraksi anterior dua tahap dilakukan dengan penarikan gigi kaninus terlebih dahulu dilanjutkan dengan retraksi empat gigi anterior. Laporan kasus ini bertujuan untuk memaparkan penanganan kasus multiple diastema pada maksila dan mandibula dengan menggunakan teknik retraksi anterior dua tahap, dengan metode perawatan ortodonti standar Edgewise. Laporan kasus: Pasien wanita usia 24 tahun datang ke klinik PPDGS RSGM Unpad dengan keluhan utama gigi pada rahang atas dan bawah yang renggang. Enam tahun yang lalu pasien pernah akan dirawat ortodonti dan telah melakukan pencabutan empat gigi premolar, namun tidak dilanjutkan. Diagnosis pasien ini adalah maloklusi kelas I dentoskeletal disertai profil wajah cembung, multiple diastema dan garis median gigi rahang bawah bergeser ke kiri. Sefalometri menunjukkan sudut interinsisal protrusif, jarak I-NA dan I-NB proposisi. Perawatan ortodonti dilakukan selama 18 bulan dengan alat cekat standar edgewise. Retraksi gigi kaninus dilakukan dengan menggunakan powerchain setelah levelling dan alignment. Perawatan dilanjutkan dengan tahap kedua yaitu retraksi gigi gigi anterior dengan menggunakan t-loop. Tujuan perawatan ini adalah memperbaiki penampilan, menghilangkan multiple diastema, mengurangi kecembungan wajah, memiliki oklusi dan stabilitas yang baik Simpulan: Teknik retraksi dua tahap pada perawatan ortodonti standar edgewise dapat memberikan hasil yang baik dalam penatalaksanaan kasus multiple diastema pada maksila dan mandibula.Kata kunci: Multiple diastema, retraksi anterior dua tahap, t-loop. ABSTRACTIntroduction: Multiple diastema is a gap or space between the teeth and can occur in the maxillary and mandibular. Anterior diastema often causes aesthetic disturbances. The two-steps anterior retraction technique is performed by initially pulling the canines followed by the retraction of the four anterior teeth. This case report was aimed to describe the management of the maxillary and mandibular multiple diastema case using a two-steps anterior retraction technique, with the standard edgewise orthodontic treatment method. Case report: A female patient aged 24 years came to the Dental Specialist Education Clinics of Universitas Padjadjaran Dental Hospital with the chief complaint of loose maxillary and mandibular teeth. Six years prior, the patient had received initial orthodontic treatment with four premolar extractions, but was discontinued. This patient’s diagnosis was a dentoskeletal class I malocclusion with a convex facial profile, multiple diastema, and the mandibular teeth median line was shifted to the left. Cephalometry showed protrusive interincisal angles, with propositions of I-NA and I-NB distances. The orthodontic treatment was carried out for 18 months with standard edgewise fixed appliances. Retraction of canines was performed using powerchain after levelling and alignment. The treatment was continued with the second step, which was the anterior teeth retraction using a t-loop. This treatment was aimed to improve appearance, eliminate multiple diastema, reduce facial convexity, and creates good occlusion and stability. Conclusion: The two-step retraction technique with standard edgewise orthodontic treatment can provide good results in managing the maxillary and mandibular multiple diastema.Keywords: Multiple diastema, two-steps anterior retraction, t-loop.

Hubungan antara diskrepansi ukuran gigi anterior rahang atas dan rahang bawah terhadap profil jaringan lunak wajah berdasarkan analisis BoltonThe correlation between maxillary and mandibular anterior size discrepancy and soft tissue facial profile based on Bolton analysis Andrian Fadhlillah Ramadhan; Gita Gayatri; Yuliawati Zenab
Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran Vol 32, No 2 (2020): Agustus 2020
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/jkg.v32i2.26980

Pendahuluan: Diskrepansi ukuran gigi dan profil wajah merupakan dua faktor yang membantu dalam proses penegakan diagnosis dan penentuan rencana perawatan ortodonti. Pengukuran diskrepansi ukuran gigi dapat dilakukan dengan analisis Bolton, analisis ini dapat menunjukkan rasio lebar mesiodistal antara gigi pada maksila dan gigi pada mandibula. Profil wajah dapat digunakan sebagai guideline dalam menentukan estetik wajah yang ingin dicapai setelah perawatan. Tipe profil wajah dapat diinterpretasi dari hasil fotografi ekstraoral, pada penelitian ini analisis Bolton yang dilakukan hanya meliputi rasio anterior saja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara diskrepansi ukuran gigi rahang atas dengan ukuran gigi rahang bawah berdasarkan analisis Bolton terhadap profil jaringan lunak wajah pada mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran. Metode: Penelitian analitik observasional diawali dengan pengambilan sampel dengan teknik purposive sampling dan didapatkan 50 orang sampel mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi angkatan 2016 kemudian dilakukan analisis rasio anterior Bolton pada model studi dan interpretasi hasil foto profil ekstraoral. Uji korelasi Pearson dilakukan untuk mengetahui korelasi dari kedua variabel tersebut. Hasil: Rata-rata anterior ratio dari 50 orang sampel sebesar 79,53% ±2,61 dengan profil wajah lurus sebanyak 33 orang (66%) dan profil wajah cembung sebanyak 17 orang (34%) dengan rata-rata derajat konveksitas 172,11°. Uji korelasi Pearson menghasilkan nilai p-value (0,896) yang lebih besar dari α=0,05. Tidak ada korelasi yang signifikan antara diskrepansi ukuran gigi dan profil wajah. Simpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan antara diskrepansi ukuran gigi dan profil wajah.Kata kunci: Analisis Bolton, diskrepansi ukuran gigi, profil wajah. ABSTRACTIntroduction: Tooth size discrepancy and facial profile are two crucial factors for helping diagnosis and treatment planning of orthodontic treatment. Bolton analysis could measure tooth size discrepancy; and the analysis result shows the ratio of mesiodistal width between maxillary and mandibular teeth. The facial profile could be used as a guideline for aesthetic result in orthodontic treatment. The facial profile can be analysed from an extraoral profile photograph. In this research, we only calculate the anterior ratio of the sample. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between maxillary and mandibular anterior size discrepancy and soft tissue facial profile of the students of the Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran based on Bolton analysis. Methods: The research was conducted with observational analytic methods. The sampling method was conducted using the purposive sampling method, which resulted in 50 samples taken from students of the Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran batch 2016. Analysis of the sample’s anterior ratio was measured on the study cast with Bolton analysis and interpretation of the extraoral profile photograph. Both variables (tooth size discrepancy and facial profile type) were then analysed with Pearson’s correlation test to determine the correlation between the two variables. Results: The average anterior ratio from 50 samples was 79.53% ± 2.61, and the most common facial profile type was straight/orthognathic, which was found in 33 samples (66%) followed by convex in 17 samples (34%) with average facial convexity was 172.11°. The result of Pearson’s correlation test showed that the p-value was 0.896, which was higher than α = 0.05. There was no significant correlation between tooth size discrepancy and soft tissue facial profile. Conclusion: There is no correlation between tooth size discrepancy and soft tissue facial profile.Keywords: Bolton analysis, tooth size discrepancy, facial profile.

Comparison of crown width, length, width/length ratio of maxillary anterior teeth between male and female dental students Pak Han Yuan; Ida Ayu Evangelina; Gita Gayatri
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 30, No 3 (2018): November 2018
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran

Introduction: Crown width and crown length provides significant information on human evolution as well as in forensic and clinical dentistry. The width-to-length ratio or individual tooth proportion (ITP) of maxillary anterior teeth considered as an important factors for dental aesthetics and harmonic teeth arrangement. The goal of this research is to establish if there is any significant difference in crown width, length, width/length ratio of permanent maxillary anterior teeth between male and female students in Faculty of dentistry Padjadjaran University Bandung, Indonesia. Methods: The method used for this research was analytical statistical approach. Total sampling technique with criteria was used to determine the sample size from the total population of students of Faculty of Dentistry Padjadjaran University from batch 2012 to 2014. The data was analyzed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Independent Two Sample T test and Mann-Whitney test. Result: there is difference in crown width, length, width/length ratio of permanent maxillary anterior teeth between male and female students in Faculty of Dentistry Padjadjaran University. Conclusion: There is significant difference in crown width and length of permanent maxillary anterior teeth between male and female students in Faculty of Dentistry Padjadjaran University, but there is no significant difference in crown width/length ratio of permanent maxillary anterior teeth between male and female students in Faculty of Dentistry Padjadjaran University Bandung, Indonesia.Keywords: Crown Width, Length, Width/length.

Steiner cephalometric analysis discrepancies between conventional and digital methods using Cephninja® application software Gita Gayatri; Andriani Harsanti; Yuliawati Zenab; Iwa Rahmat Sunaryo
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 28, No 3 (2016): November 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran

Introduction: Cephalometric analysis have been widely used in orthodontics. The analysis can be conducted in two methods: conventional and digital methods. Practitioners prefer using computerized cephalometric analysis due to its simplicity and less time-consuming compared to manual or conventional method. The objective of this study was to identify discrepancies between Conventional Steiner cephalometric analysis and digital cephalometric analysis using CephNinja® Application. This study was an experimental in vivo study with descriptive and comparative approach. Methods: Thirty two negative and digital cephalograms were traced manually using Steiner analysis and digitally using CephNinja® software application. Tracing results of manually analyzed cephalogram and digitally analyzed cephalogram were then compared. Results: There were no distinguished discrepancies between the tracing results of both manually and digitally analyzed cephalogram using Steiner analysis. Conclusion: there was no significant difference of steiner cephalometric analysis conducted using conventional tracing and digital method using CephNinja® application software.

Changes in soft tissue facial profile of class II skeletal malocclusion patients with retrognathic mandible treated with twin block appliance Ng Hui Lin; Eky Setiawan Soeria Soemantri; Gita Gayatri
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 31, No 1 (2019): March 2019
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran

Introduction: The soft tissue aspect in orthodontics treatment has gained attention in the last few years. The soft tissue profile is said to reflect the underlying skeletal profile, which causes a convex profile in patients with class II skeletal malocclusion. This research was aimed to determine the changes in the soft tissue facial profile of class II skeletal malocclusion patients with retrognathic mandible after twin block treatment. Methods: The type of research used in this study was retrospective descriptive research with paired t-test. The population was children aged 10-13 years old with class II skeletal malocclusion that were treated with twin block appliance in the Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia. The results of soft tissue changes before and after twin block treatment were compared. Results: There was an insignificant increase in soft tissue profile angle and Holdaway’s soft tissue angle after twin block treatment (p > 0.05). Whereas, Holdaway’s H-angle was decreasing and Merrifield’s Z-angle was increasing after twin block treatment, with statistically significant difference (p < 0.05). Conclusion: There was a decrease of H-angle, indicates a reduction in facial convexity and improvement of the facial profile after twin block treatment, but no difference in soft tissue profile angle and Holdaway’s soft tissue angle after twin block treatment. Keywords: Facial soft tissue profile, class II skeletal malocclusion, retrognathic mandible, twin block appliance

Correlation of orthodontic treatment motivation and the level of treatment needs based on the index of orthodontic treatment need (IOTN) of orthodontic patients Rissa Zharfany Ernata; Gita Gayatri; Anne Agustina Suwargiani
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 32, No 3 (2020): November 2020
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol32no3.24844

Introduction: Malocclusion has an impact on the quality of life, thus becoming the motivation for orthodontic treatment. Subjective and objective needs for orthodontic treatment vary, where subjective needs are sometimes higher or maybe lower than objective needs, vice versa. The Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) is an index used to see the level of treatment needs. This study was aimed to analyse the correlation of orthodontic treatment motivation and the level of treatment needs based on the index of orthodontic treatment need (IOTN) of orthodontic patients. Methods: The research was correlation analytical. The motivation for orthodontic treatment was assessed using a questionnaire consisted of aspects of oral health motivation, oral function, aesthetics, psychosocial, and influence from others. The level of orthodontic treatment needs was assessed using the IOTN dental health component. Results: It was found that the patients’ motivation related to aesthetics was high. The motivation to get orthodontic treatment due to oral health, oral function, and psychosocial conditions was moderate, while related to the influence of others was low. The level of need for grade 4 treatment shows the largest percentage (48.57%). Gamma correlation analysis between motivation variables related to the oral and psychosocial function with the level of treatment needs showed a significantly positive correlation with the p-values of 0.003 and 0.022, categorized as weak correlation. Conclusion: There is a weak correlation of orthodontic treatment motivation and the level of treatment needs based on the index of orthodontic treatment need (IOTN) of orthodontic patients.

Evaluasi kepatuhan tenaga kesehatan berdasarkan indikator mutu dalam memberikan pelayanan kesehatan gigi dan mulut di poliklinik spesialis: studi cross-sectional Shafira Permatasari; Andriani Harsanti; Gita Gayatri; Deni Sumantri Latief; Iwa Rahmat Sunaryo
Padjadjaran Journal of Dental Researchers and Students Vol 7, No 2 (2023): Juni 2023
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjdrs.v7i2.40503

ABSTRAKPendahuluan: Rumah sakit merupakan institusi yang memberikan pelayanan kesehatan dan memiliki kriteria yang ditetapkan untuk menilai mutu pelayanan. Indikator mutu dapat digunakan untuk menilai dan membantu proses peningkatan mutu pelayanan kesehatan. Kepatuhan tenaga kesehatan di Paviliun Padjadjaran RSGM Unpad belum terukur sepenuhnya. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengevaluasi kepatuhan tenaga kesehatan dalam memberikan pelayanan di poliklinik spesialis menggunakan indikator mutu. Metode: Penelitian observasional deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi pada penelitian adalah seluruh tenaga kesehatan yang bertugas di Paviliun Padjadjaran RSGM Universitas Padjadjaran. Sampel penelitian terdiri dari 35 dokter gigi spesialis dan 5 Terapis Gigi dan Mulut yang bertugas di Paviliun Padjadjaran selama bulan April 2022 dan dipilih menggunakan teknik total sampling. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan kriteria indikator mutu yang ditetapkan oleh RSGM Unpad. Target pencapaian indikator mutu kepatuhan identifikasi pasien, kepatuhan kebersihan tangan, kepatuhan terhadap clinical pathway, dan kepatuhan penggunaan Alat Pelindung Diri (APD) adalah sebesar 100%. Target pencapaian waktu tunggu rawat jalan ≤60 menit, dan target kepatuhan penggunaan formularium nasional sebesar ≥80%. Hasil: Pencapaian kepatuhan identifikasi pasien sebesar 43%. rerata waktu tunggu pasien rawat jalansebesar 51,6 menit. Kepatuhan penggunaan formularium nasional sebesar 100%. Kepatuhan kebersihan tangan sebesar 75%. Kepatuhan terhadap clinical pathway sebesar 91% dan kepatuhan penggunaan (APD) sebesar 92%. Simpulan: Evaluasi kepatuhan tenaga kesehatan dalam memberikan pelayanan yang dinilai dengan menggunakan indikator mutu masih banyak yang belum mencapai target. KATA KUNCI: kepatuhan, tenaga kesehatan, pelayanan kesehatan, indikator mutu, rumah sakitCompliance level of healthcare personnel in providing services at the Padjadjaran Pavilion of Padjadjaran University Dental and Oral Hospital: cross-sectional studyABSTRACTIntroduction: Hospitals are institutions that provide health services and have established criteria to evaluate the quality of services. Quality indicators can be used to evaluate and assist the process of improving the quality of health services. Compliance of healthcare personnel at Padjadjaran Pavilion RSGM Unpad has not been fully measured. The purpose of this study is to determine the compliance level of health workers in providing services at the Padjadjaran Pavilion of RSGM Unpad by using the quality indicators. Methods: This research is using a observational descriptive method with a cross sectional approach. The population in this study were all healthcare who served in the Padjadjaran Pavilion of RSGM Unpad. The research sample consisted of 35 Dental Specialists and 5 Dental and Oral Therapists who served at the Padjadjaran Pavilion throughout April 2022 and those were selected using a total sampling technique.Results: Achieved patient compliance is at 43%. The average waiting time for patients is around 51.6 minutes. The compliance with the use of national formulary is at 100%. Hand hygiene compliance is at 75%. The compliance with clinical pathways is at 91%. The compliance with the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is at 92%. Conclusion: The compliance level of healthcare personnel in providing services at the Padjadjaran Pavilion of RSGM Unpad, which is assessed using quality indicators, still have not reached the target.KEY WORDS: compliance, healthcare personnel, health services, quality indicators, hospital

Cognitive awareness of online-sold prefabricated myofunctional appliances disadvantages among Bandung residents: cross-sectional study Shenny Shefira Suryanto; Gita Gayatri; Anne Agustina Suwargiani; Myrna Nurlatifah Zakaria
Padjadjaran Journal of Dental Researchers and Students Vol 7, No 2 (2023): Juni 2023
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjdrs.v7i2.45132

ABSTRACT Introduction: Prefabricated myofunctional appliances (PMAs), commonly known as teeth trainers, are one of myofunctional appliances. These appliances can be used in treating the teeth as well as the muscles. The individuals’ need for dental aesthetics today have led to the trend of marketing PMAs over-the-counter online. This is mostly caused by budget limitations that leads people to seek for alternative and more affordable orthodontic treatments. However, the use of over-the-counter PMAs may pose adverse effects to consumers. This study aims to assess the currents state of knowledge regarding the disadvantages of prefabricated myofunctional appliances among Bandung residents. Methods: This is a descriptive quantitative study, with a cluster random sampling technique. This study involved 100 Bandung residents from 30 different subdistricts, as determined by Slovin formula. The research instrument consisted of questionnaires which included 27-questions with sub variables of dental appearance, PMAs in general, indications, contraindications, advantages, and adverse effects of using over-the-counter PMAs online. The questionnaire was modified based on Bloom's taxonomy. The obtained results were further analyzed using frequent distribution. Results: A total of 30 respondents (30%) were classified as having low knowledge levels. 62 respondents (62%) were categorized as having moderate level of knowledge. and 8 respondents (8%) were categorized as being highly aware of the disadvantages of over-the-counter PMAs. Conclusions: People’s knowledge of the disadvantages of over-the-counter PMAs in Bandung is classified in a moderate level. KEY WORDS: prefabricated myofunctional appliance, myofunctional appliance, orthodontic myofunctional applianceTingkat pengetahuan masyarakat kota Bandung mengenai dampak buruk prefabricated myofunctional appliances yang dijual secara online: studi cross-sectional ABSTRAK Pendahuluan: Prefabricated myofunctional appliances (PMAs) atau yang dikenal oleh masyarakat awam dengan teeth trainer merupakan sebuah alat myofungsional. PMAs tidak hanya bekerja pada gigi tetapi juga bekerja pada otot. Era modern ini kebutuhan individu akan estetika gigi menyebabkan terciptanya pasar penjualan PMAs secara bebas di online. Hal tersebut disebabkan karena adanya keterbatasan biaya yang menyebabkan individu mencari alternatif perawatan ortodonti yang ekonomis. Penggunaan PMAs yang dibeli bebas secara online dapat menimbulkan bahaya bagi penggunanya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan masyarakat Kota Bandung mengenai dampak buruk prefabricated myofunctional appliances yang dijual bebas secara online. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini yaitu deskriptif kuantitatif dengan teknik pengambilan sampel cluster random sampling. Penelitian ini dilakukan terhadap 100 masyarakat Kota Bandung dari 30 kecamatan yang telah dihitung menggunakan rumus slovin. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuesioner yang terdiri dari 27 pertanyaan yang mencakup subvariabel penampilan gigi, PMAs secara umum, indikasi, kontraindikasi, kelebihan, dan dampak buruk penggunaan PMAs yang dijual bebas secara online. Kuesioner ini dimodifikasi berdasarkan taksonomi Bloom. Hasil data yang diperoleh selanjutnya dianalisis menggunakan distribusi frekuensi. Hasil: Sebanyak 30 responden (30%) tergolong tingkat pengetahuan rendah, 62 responden (62%) pada kategori sedang, dan 8 responden (8%) memiliki tingkat pengetahuan tinggi terhadap dampak buruk dari PMAs yang dijual secara online. (4) Simpulan: Tingkat pengetahuan masyarakat Kota Bandung mengenai dampak buruk prefabricated myofunctional appliances yang dijual secara online tergolong sedang. KATA KUNCI: prefabricated myofunctional appliance, alat myofunctional, orthodontic myofunctional appliance, online myofunctional appliance.

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