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All Journal Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Journal of Health Sciences Biomolecular and Health Science Journal Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology

Arthur Pohan Kawilarang

Department Of Microbiology, Faculty Of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya

Author-ID : 3402258

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Earth & Planetary Sciences Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Public Health

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Articles

Antibacterial Activity Test of Jatropha multifida L. sap against Staphylococcus aureus and Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in vitro Anastassya Yuniar Setyo Putri; Marijam Purwanta; DantiNur Indiastuti; Arthur Pohan Kawilarang
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15611

Background: Jatropha multifida L. is a plant that commonly used as a traditional treatment espesciallyfor wounds. It has been proven that its sap had an antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus.Staphylococcus aureus has developed resistant strains named MRSA (Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcusaureus). Due to this resistance development, hopefully the sap of Jatropha multifida L. can also performedits antibacterial activity against MRSA. Objective: To determine the antibacterial activity of the sap ofJatropha multifida L. against Staphylococcus aureus and MRSA. Methods: A well-diffusion method wasperformed on several concentration: 100%, 50%, 25%, 12.5%, and 6.25%. From this method, the diameterof the inhibition zone produced by the sap was measured. Results: The average of inhibition zone diameterwere 11.29 - 16.00 mm for Staphylococcus aureus and the bigger zone 12.15 - 17.61 mm for MRSA.Conclusion:Jatropha multifida L. had antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and MRSA. Thisplant showed higher antibacterial activity on MRSA than Staphylococcus aureus.

Patient Profile Of Tinea Corporis In Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya From 2014 To 2015 Novita Oktaviana; Arthur Pohan Kawilarang; Damayanti -
Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi Vol. 6 No. 3 (2018): Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Background: The prevalence of dermatophytosis in Indonesia reach 52% of all fungal infections and is dominated by tinea corporis. Purpose: This study aimed to describe the clinical profile of tinea corporis patients in the Outpatient Unit of Dermatology and Venereology, Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya. Methods: This study was a descriptive study with a case series method from patient medical records in the mycology division of the Outpatient Unit of Dermatology and Venereology, Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2015 with 339 samples. Results: This study showed that tinea corporis patients were dominated by women counting for 113 patients in 2014 and 84 in 2015. Tinea corporal patients were dominated by the post-puberty age group between 40 and 50 years. Tinea cruris is the most common comorbid infection in this case. There were 85.25% of patients who showed positive results for hyphae structure, 72.57% of patients showed negative results for blastospore structure, and 64.31% of patients showed negative results for examination of Wood’s lamp. There were 100 patients in 2014 and 86 patients in 2015 who received oral griseofulvin pharmacological therapy and 86.30% of these patients showed improvement in results after two weeks of treatment. Conclusion: Tinea corporis mostly attacks women and post-puberty age groups with tinea cruris as the most comorbid infections. The characteristic of tinea corporis could be shown as positive result for hyphae and negative for blastospore through the KOH test, and oral Griseofulvin is the most pharmacological therapy used for treatment

Profil Pasien Baru Kandidiasis Apriliana Puspitasari; Arthur Pohan Kawilarang; Evy Ervianty; Abu Rohiman
Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin Vol. 31 No. 1 (2019): APRIL
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Latar Belakang: Kandidiasis adalah infeksi jamur yang bersifat oportunistik yang disebabkan oleh Candida sp. Prevalensi kandidiasis di Indonesia sekitar 20-25%, dapat menyerang rambut, kulit, kuku, selaput lendir, dan organ lain seperti mulut dan kerongkongan, namun informasi tentang faktor dan karakteristik risikonya masih terbatas. Tujuan: Mengevaluasi gambaran dan karakteristik pasien baru kandidiasis. Metode: Penelitian deskriptif retrospektif yang dilakukan dengan mengevaluasi rekam medis pasien kandidiasis di Divisi Mikologi URJ Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya tahun 2013-2016. Hasil: Dalam kurun waktu tahun 2013-2016 didapatkan 298 pasien baru. Jenis kandidiasis terbanyak adalah kandidiasis intertriginosa (50,5%). Distribusi jenis kelamin yang paling banyak adalah perempuan (62,4%) dengan usia terbanyak 45-64 tahun (31,5%). Penyakit penyerta terbanyak adalah diabetes melitus. Keluhan utama terbanyak berupa gatal dengan efloresensi berupa satelit papul. Hasil laboratorium 30,2% positif untuk blastospora dan blastospora+hifa, dengan hasil kultur berupa Candida sp. Simpulan: Kandidiasis sering ditemukan dan jumlah kejadian setiap tahun berfluktuasi di Divisi Mikologi Unit Rawat Jalan Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya.

Cat Contact as A Risk Factor for Tinea Capitis Infection Evy Ervianti; Addia Salsabila; Yuri Widia; Arthur Pohan Kawilarang
Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin Vol. 34 No. 1 (2022): APRIL
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/bikk.V34.1.2022.1-4

Background: Tinea capitis (TC) is common infection caused by dermatophytes on the scalp. Cat contact is one of the TC risk factors. Microsporum canis is the most abundant fungi in cats and humans as a zoophilic infection. Cats and carrier cats can infect humans, mostly children. Purpose: To evaluate cat contact as a risk factor for TC patients at the Dermatology and Venereology Outpatients Unit of Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital Surabaya in January 2017 - December 2018. Methods: A retrospective study by observation and recording data. The results obtained as a result of the data recap were then processed using tabulation to obtain conclusions. Result: The results obtained from TC cases in 2017 and 2018 are 20 patients. The results were cat contact in 9 patients (45%), aged > 5 years (55,6%), male (55,6%), and lived in Surabaya (88,9%), hair loss (88,9%), crust (100%), M. canis in culture (55,6%), Grey patch type (55,6%), combination of oral Griseofulvin and Ketoconazole 2% scalp solution (88,9%), and patients’ follow up (44,4%). Discussion: More people keeping cats will increase the risk of being infected with feline dermatophytosis. Combination therapy is the best treatment for M. canis. It is important to educate parents to be careful with pet cats that can become carriers. Conclusion: Cat contact was positive in almost half patients, mostly in a male and > 5 years old. The most common signs and symptoms were crust and hair loss, and grey patch.

LOW CD4 LYMPHOCYTE COUNT RELATED RISK TO Pneumocystis jiroveci PNEUMONIA IN HIV/AIDS PATIENTS FROM BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE SPECIMENS USING REAL TIME PCR DETECTION Alicia Margaretta Widya; Ni Made Mertaniasih; Arthur Pohan Kawilarang; Isnin Anang Marhana
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 6 No. 6 (2017)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

HIV and opportunistic infections remain a big problem especially in developing country. Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia is a prevalent infection in HIV infected patient with high mortality rate. Diagnosis of Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia is mainly based on clinical evidence. Microbiological diagnosis is quite challenging since this microorganism cannot be cultured and is mainly based on microscopic examination. Microscopic examination with special staining is still a gold standard diagnosis for P. jiroveci infection.The objectives of this study was to describe CD4 lymphocyte profile and establish microbiological diagnosis with recent molecular method in PJP suspected HIV positive patients. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy of HIV infected patients with lower respiratory tract infection in Dr. Soetomo general hospital Surabaya were performed to collect bronchoalveolar lavage specimens from December 2016 to April 2017 for identification of Pneumocystis jiroveci using real time PCR assay. Positive samples were then evaluated for microscopic examination with Gommori Methenamine Silver staining for comparison. Patient’s CD4 lymphocyte count were gathered prior of admission. CD4 lymphocyte count from this study were very low with 61% of the patients were below 50 cells/ µL. There were five of total thirteen patients (38,5%) with positive real time PCR assay (MSG gene) and one patient was also positive with GMS staining showing characteristic cysts shape with dark centered area of P. jiroveci. Patient with positive microscopic examination showed no history of prophylactic therapy. Low CD4 lymphocyte count remains a strong risk factor of P. jiroveci pneumonia in HIV/AIDS patients. Real time PCR assay shows high value in detection of P. jiroveci regarding patient’s prophylactic status.

CRYPTOCOCCAL ANTIGENEMIA IN HIV/AIDS PATIENTS USING LATERAL FLOW IMMUNOASSAY DETECTION AT Dr. SOETOMO GENERAL HOSPITAL SURABAYA Sajuni Widjaja; Erwin Astha Triyono; Arthur Pohan Kawilarang; Abu Rohiman
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 7 No. 1 (2018)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Cryptococcus infection in HIV / AIDS patients results in cryptococcal meningitis, a major cause of subacute meningitis with 100% mortality if not receiving appropriate antifungal therapy. An examination of cryptococcal antigen will provide risk information for patients who will experience cryptococcal meningitis. Better diagnosis in asymptomatic and symptomatic phases of cryptococcosis are key components to reduce morbidity and mortality. This study aims to determine the proportion of cryptococcal antigenemia in HIV / AIDS patients treated at Intermediate Treatment-Infectious Diseases Unit of Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya. Cryptococcal antigenemia was examined in HIV / AIDS patients with suspected Cryptococcus infection and CD4+ T cell lymphocyte count <200 cell /μl. The examination used a lateral flow assay diagnostic tool, a simple FDA(Food and Drug Administration)-approved immunochromatographic test system for detection of capsular polysccharide antigens of Cryptococcus species complex (Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii) in blood. This test meets all of the World Health Organization ASSURED criteria (affordable, sensitive, specific, user friendly, rapid/robust, equipment-free, and delivered). Sensitivity and specifiticy of this method from serum are both 100%. There were 3 positive cryptococcal antigenemia from 41 serum HIV / AIDS patients with suspected cryptococcus infection at Intermediate Treatment- Infectious Diseases Unit of Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya. All of these patients were male aged over 36 years, had CD4+ T cell lymphocytes <100 cell /μl and had never received antiretroviral therapy before. The proportion of cryptococcal antigenemia in HIV / AIDS patients with suspected Cryptococcus infection at Intermediate Treatment-Infectious Diseases Unit of Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya was 7.32%.

Gastric Perforation Associated with Candidiasis and NSAIDS Febriana Aquaresta; Arthur Pohan Kawilarang; Pepy Dwi Endraswari
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 8 No. 3 (2020)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v8i3.16084

Invasive candidiasis is an important health-care-associated fungal infection. Candida is often described as an opportunistic pathogen. It is commensal flora in the gastrointestinal tract. Invasive candidiasis can happen usually because of a consequence of increased or abnormal colonization together with a local or generalized defect in host defenses. Candidiasis can occur in patients with HIV, therapy with a broad-spectrum antibiotic, transplant organ, and immunocompromised. Most cases of gastric perforation occur as complications of Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD), Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) and gastric neoplasms, but candidiasis as a cause of gastric perforation is very rare. This study aims to reveal the correlation between gastric perforation with candidiasis and NSAIDs. It was reported that a 57-year-old East Java Indonesian female presented with severe epigastric pain, generalized peritonitis, fever, nausea also vomiting and had a history of NSAIDs used for five years. The patient was taken to the general surgery of Dr. Sutomo Surabaya Hospital and performed exploratory laparotomy. A gastric perforation was discovered in the antrum. Microbiology culture examination from biopsy gastric tissue revealed an intense fungal growth from sabouraudagar medium and there is no other microorganism that grew in aerobic culture. Candida albicans was identified by VITEK® 2 COMPACT. Histopathological examination from biopsy gastric tissue was performed by Olympus CX-21 microscope, showed invasive Candida albicans consisting of numerous fungal yeasts and pseudohyphae invading and destroying the gastric wall. The patient was subsequently treated with fluconazole anti-fungal and discharge home after nine days postoperative period in good condition. From this result, we suggest using an antifungal treatment for patients who use NSAIDs for long periods to prevent candidiasis.

Antibacterial Activity Test of Red Ginger Extract (Zingiber officinale var. Rubrum) Against Streptococcus pyogenes In vitro Samira Assegaf; Arthur Pohan Kawilarang; Retno Handajani
Biomolecular and Health Science Journal Vol. 3 No. 1 (2020): Biomolecular and Health Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/bhsj.v3i1.19130

Introduction: Red ginger (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum) is known as an antibacterial agent. Streptococcus pyogenes is the most common bacterial cause of pharyngitis in children and adults. Over the years, antibiotic resistance case is increasing. Therefore, further research of other substances to find an bactericidal or bacteriostatic agent is needed. The aim of this study is to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of Z. officinale var. rubrum against S. pyogenes. Methods: Serial dilution test of red ginger extract in Mueller hinton broth (8 concentrations of red ginger extract : 80%, 40%, 20%, 10%, 5%, 2,5%, 1,25%, and 0,625%) and positive control (1 ml bacterial suspension in Mueller hinton broth) was used to determine MIC. MBC was determined by culturing solutions from the previous dilution test into blood agar plate.lResults: MIC of red ginger extract against S. pyogenes could not be determined because the color of red ginger extract affected the turbidity of the dilution test result. MBC of red ginger extract against S. pyogenes was at concentration 20% of red ginger extract.Conclusion: Z. officinale var. rubrum showed antibacterial activity against S. pyogenes.

Kesesuaian Pemeriksaan jamur antara pewarnaan periodic acid schiff(PAS) dan KOH pada flour albus ibu hamil di RSUD dr Soetomo Surabaya Shinta arya; Arthur pohan kawilarang
Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Vol 13 No 01 (2020): Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan (Journal of Health Science)
Publisher : Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Surabaya

Background: Candidiasis vaginalis is a form of vaginal infection by Candida spp, estimated to occur in women of childbearing age in 70-75% of the cases. Clinical history, symptoms and laboratory examinations are very important to diagnose candidiasis vaginalis. Vaginal discharge examination can be done by direct or wet, and culture examination. Microscopic examination can be used to prove the existence of yeast form of Candida. This method is simple, can be applied in clinical microbiology laboratory with limited resources and is considered effective because it is cheap and results are obtained in a short time compared to culture. Detection of fungi by Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) staining is visually better than KOH. The aim of this study is to analyze the concordance between Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) staining and KOH method for fungal detection in flour albus from pregnant women. Method: This research is a descriptive observational study to figure out the suitability of Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) staining and KOH method for fungal detection in flour albus from pregnant women with cross sectional approach. Samples were collected in the form of 30 vaginal discharge specimens taken from pregnant women and sent to the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory Dr. Soetomo Surabaya. The study was conducted in July - August 2019. Result: There was a significant difference in fungal detection between Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) staining (56.7%, 17 samples) and 20% KOH method (6 samples) out of 30 samples (p=0.017). The concordance between Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) staining and KOH method for fungal detection in flour albus from pregnant women is low (Kappa=0.321). Conclusion: Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) staining detects more fungi when compared to KOH, and therefore is considered as a better method. Keywords: Flour albus, pregnancy, Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS), KOH.

The Prevalence and Success Factor of Ibuprofen and Paracetamol Administration for Neonates with Patent Ductus Arteriosus at RSUD Dr. Soetomo Rodia Amanata Rofiq; I Ketut Alit Utamayasa; Nurina Hasanatuludhhiyah; Arthur Pohan Kawilarang
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 3 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i3.18303

Background: Four thousand neonates with Persisten Ductus Arteriosus every year in Indonesia. There are twotreatment options to treat Persistent Ductus Arteriosus, they are surgery and pharmacological therapy. Ibuprofenand paracetamol can be used as pharmacological therapy for Persistent Ductus Arteriosus with minimal sideeffects.Objective: To analyze the prevalence and success factors in giving ibuprofen and paracetamol in neonates withpersistent ductus arteriosus.Method: This research is an observational analytic research with cross-sectional method. The determination of theresearch sample uses a total sampling technique by taking all members of the population in accordance with theconditionsfrom January, 2016 to March , 2020. Bivariate analysis was perform using the Spearman rank test with95% confidence interval (α=0.05).Result: From 51 samples that met the inclusion criterias, it was found that the most criterias were male (66.67%),normal birth weight (60.78%), aterm (76.48%), moderate defect size before being administrated pharmacologicaltherapy (47.06%), pharmacological therapy using paracetamol (88.24%), atrial septal defect in the cardiaccomorbidities category (21.74%) and hyperbilirubinemia in the non-cardiac comorbidities category (13.04%). Themajority of lumen defects in neonates were closed completely after being administrated pharmacological therapy(72.55%). Statistical test results of spearman rank showed that no significant relationship between birth weightand pharmacological therapy in RSUD Dr. Soetomo. There was a significant relationship between gestation andpharmacological therapy (p = 0.000; r = -0.495; r2 = 0.237, 95% CI). There was a significant relationship between thesize of the ductus arteriosus defect before therapy and pharmacological therapy (p = 0.001; r = -0.435; r2 = 0.211,95% CI). Conclusion: The success factors in administrating ibuprofen and paracetamol for neonates with persistent ductusarteriosus in RSUD dr. Soetomo from January 1, 2016 to March 3, 2020 were affected by gestation period and sizeof the ductus arteriosus defect prior to pharmacological therapy.

Co-Authors Abu Rohiman Abu Rohiman Addia Salsabila Alicia Margaretta Widya Anastassya Yuniar Setyo Putri Apriliana Puspitasari Damayanti - Danti Nur Indiastuti Erwin Astha Triyono Evy Ervianti Evy Ervianty Febriana Aquaresta Isnin Anang Marhana Ni Made Mertaniasih Novita Oktaviana Nurina Hasanatuludhhiyah Pepy Dwi Endraswari, Pepy Dwi Purwanta, Marijam Retno Handajani Rodia Amanata Rofiq Sajuni Widjaja Samira Assegaf Shinta arya Yuri Widia, Yuri

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