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Factors Supporting Turkey’s Policy to Purchase Russian S-400 Anti-Air Strike Defense Units Jamila, Maryam; Yonanda, Chendika; Harza, Zulkifli; Masri, Ilman Syarif
Journal of Strategic and Global Studies
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Turkey is a member of the NATO military alliance since 1952, as a member of NATO, cooperation between Turkey and Russia invites counterparts from other NATO alliance countries. But even with criticism, Turkey continues purchasing S-400 from Russia . Therefore, this study aims to analyze the factors that support Turkey's policy on purchasing S-400.This research is a descriptive research through internet-based literature.Turkey's policy in purchasing S-400 analyzed using the concepts of Arms, Alliances and Security Tradeoffs proposed by James D. Morrow. James stated that there are three factors that influence the state to conduct arming; economic & military technological factors, the lack of alliances effectiveness and differences in national interests between alliances.This study found that all of these factors occurred in the conditions of Turkey and NATO. With fulfillment of these three factors, Turkey chose to do arming instead of alliancing in facing national threat

Factors Supporting Turkey’s Policy to Purchase Russian S-400 Anti-Air Strike Defense Units Jamila, Maryam; Yonanda, Chendika; Harza, Zulkifli; Masri, Ilman Syarif
Journal of Strategic and Global Studies
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Turkey is a member of the NATO military alliance since 1952, as a member of NATO, cooperation between Turkey and Russia invites counterparts from other NATO alliance countries. But even with criticism, Turkey continues purchasing S-400 from Russia . Therefore, this study aims to analyze the factors that support Turkey's policy on purchasing S-400.This research is a descriptive research through internet-based literature.Turkey's policy in purchasing S-400 analyzed using the concepts of Arms, Alliances and Security Tradeoffs proposed by James D. Morrow. James stated that there are three factors that influence the state to conduct arming; economic & military technological factors, the lack of alliances effectiveness and differences in national interests between alliances.This study found that all of these factors occurred in the conditions of Turkey and NATO. With fulfillment of these three factors, Turkey chose to do arming instead of alliancing in facing national threat

ROLE PLAY GAME: PENGABDIAN KEPADA MASYARAKAT MELALUI EDUKASI PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN DALAM KEBIJAKAN LUAR NEGERI BAGI SISWA SMA DI KOTA PADANG Haiyyu Darman Moenir; Anita Afriani; Ardila Putri; Bima Jon Nanda; Inda Mustika Permata; Maryam Jamilah; Poppy Irawan; Putiviola Elian Nasir; Rifki Dermawan; Silvi Cory; Sofia Trisni; Zulkifli Harza
BULETIN ILMIAH NAGARI MEMBANGUN Vol 3 No 1 (2020)
Publisher : LPPM (Institute for Research and Community Services) Universitas Andalas Padang

Community service on the decision-making process in foreign policy aims to improve awareness of high school students in Padang on the importance of foreign policy. Foreign policy is often identified with complexity and far from public sphere. The community service team expects this activity could help high school students understand the decision making process in foreign policy. The community service is conducted with lecture and role-play method of formulating foreign policy. The approach used in this program is Graham Allison’s concept regarding process of foreign policy- making. This activity is designed in several stages. In the initial stages, the team prepares working plans. The second stage is socialization and the last stage is program implementation. It can be concluded that this community service has increased the student’s understanding in regards to the importance of foreign policy. Result of this activity indicates that students’ knowledge on foreign policy is improving. This is calculated based on several indicators i.e understanding on the role of actors in formulating foreign policy, factors affecting foreign policy and impact on the state’s strategy to pursue its national interest.

Pelatihan Optimalisasi Sosial Media Untuk Digital Diplomasi Pada Siswa Rika Isnarti; Maryam Jamilah; Zulkifli Harza; Rifki Dermawan; Diah Anggaraini Austin
MATAPPA: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Volume 5 Nomor 2 Tahun 2022
Publisher : STKIP Andi Matappa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31100/matappa.v5i2.1900

Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pemahaman kepada siswa SMA mengenai digital diplomasi dengan menggunakan sosial media.Banyak anggapan bahwa setiap postingan dalam sosial media mengenai promosi negara merupakan bentuk dari diplomasi digital. Tetapi, tidak semua kegiatan promosi yang berkaitan dengan negara merupakan diplomasi digital. Dalam ranah publik diplomasi, masyarakat dapat mengoptimalkan penggunaan sosial media untuk mempromosikan negaranya atau lainnya yang erat kaitannya dengan digital diplomasi. Pemuda, sebagai pengguna sosial media terbanyak di Indonesia, dapat menggunakan hal ini. Namun, ditemukan masih kurangnya pemahaman mengenai digital diplomasi dan bagaimana mengefektifkannya untuk tujuan diplomasi. Untuk itu, kegiatan pengabdian ini dirancang dengan tujuan akhir memberikan pemahaman penggunaan sosial media untuk tujuan diplomasi kepada siswa sekolah. Diharapkan dari kegiatan ini, siswa mampu menggunakan sosial media lebih efektif ketikan melakukan promosi negaranya. Metode yang digunakan berupa penyampaian materi secara online yang dilanjutkan dengan pelatihan pembuatan posting melalui sosial media, setiap siswa diminta mempresentasikan hasil postingan dan indikator diplomasi digital yang tersirat dalam setiap rancangan postingannya. Kemudian, tim pengabdian menganalisa menggunakan komponen efektifitas digital diplomasi. Hasil dari kegiatan ditemukan bahwa peserta mengetahui maksud dari diplomasi, mampu menggunakan sosial media dan indikator-indikator dalam pencapaian digital diplomasi, namun belum sepenuhnya mampu menggunakan bersamaan instrument digital diplomasi.

MEMBANTU NAGARI MEMBANGUN MELALUI PENYUSUNAN RENCANA PENGUATAN KELEMBAGAAN Desna Aromatica; Zulkifli Harza; Diego Diego
Community Development Journal : Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Vol. 2 No. 3 (2021): Volume 2 Nomor 3 Tahun 2021
Publisher : Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/cdj.v2i3.2618

Membantu Nagari (Desa) Membangun melalui penyusunan rencana penguatan kelembagaan dilakukan di Nagari Labuah Panjang yang berada di Kecamatan X Koto Diatas Kabupaten Solok, Sumatera Barat. Kegiatan ini dilakukan dalam bentuk membantu Pemerintah Nagari menyusun Rencana Penguatan Kelembagaan. Tercatat sejak Tahun 2016, Nagari Labuah Panjang berada pada level Indek Desa Membangun (IDM) yaitu pada level Nagari sangat tertinggal. Selanjutnya pada Tahun 2019 sampai Tahun 2020, Nagari Labuah Panjang mengalami kenaikan IDM yaitu mencapai level Nagari Tertinggal. Lambatnya perkembangan Nagari Labuah Panjang disebabkan oleh Lemahnya kemampuan Pemerintah Nagari dalam merumuskan rencana pembangunan yang berbasis pada kondisi lingkungan baik internal dan eksternal. Rencana penguatan kelembagaan perlu disusun dengan baik sebagai salah satu solusi. Melalui pengabdian dengan metode pendampingan tentang penyusunan rencana penguatan kelembagaan telah dihasilkan dokumen rencana penguatan kelembagaan multi tahun sebagai langkah awal peningkatan indeks desa membangun di Nagari Labuah Panjang dari tahun 2021 sampai 2023. Kegiatan dimulai dengan melakukan analisis SOAR melalui rembuk bersama antar lembaga yang terlibat dalam pembangunan di Nagari. Dari analisis tersebut dirumuskan rencana-rencana penguatan kelembagaan. Perumusan bersama ini menjadi sarana komunikasi dan koordinasi antar lembaga yang ada di Nagari baik Badan Musyawarah Nagari, Kerapatan Adat Nagari, PKK, Pemuda dan Pemerintah Nagari. Melalui kegiatan ini dihasilkan dokumen rencana kerja Pemerintah Nagari untuk penguatan kelembagaan Pemerintah Nagari selama 3 tahun kedepan.

Facilitating Conditions of Saudi Arabia – Israel Normalization in 2015-2018 Maryam Jamilah; Hafizh Ulya Fikra; Zulkifli Harza
Journal of Diplomacy and International Studies Vol. 2 No. 01 (2019): Journal of Diplomacy and International Studies
Publisher : UIR Press

Since 2017, there have been several events that indicate the closeness of relations between the Saudi Arabia and Israel. One of the most significant proof was a statement from Muhammad bin Salam in an interview in The Atlantic stating that Israel had rights to their land. The improvement in relations between Israel and Saudi Arabia has come under fire from many parties such as Hezbollah and Palestine. This research aims to analyze the conditions that facilitate Saudi Arabia’s normalization toward Israel in 2015-2018 with desecuritisation theory based on Bezer Coskun observations of Copenhagen School security analysis. This research is a qualitative research using secondary data as its sources. Researcher used desecuritisation variables that were used by Bezer Coskun on his previous research regarding Palestine and Israel in 2009. Those four variables are, 1)The change in the language to define previously securitized issue, 2) Position of the desecuritising actor and the relation between desecuritising actor and audience, 3) Conditions that point out the necessity for desecuritisation. Researcher found that condition that facilitates Saudi-Israel normalization are Muhammad bin Salam as desecuritisation actor and necessity of Israel’s assistances in realization of Saudi Vision 2030 and Iran power raising in Middle East region after Arab Spring 2011.

Capacity Building and Market Intervention for Refugees: A Study of Current and Future Direction towards Sustainable Refugee Management Fauzan Fauzan; Helmi Helmi; Zulkifli Harza; Sri Oktavia
Andalas Journal of International Studies (AJIS) Vol 9, No 1 (2020): Andalas Journal of International Studies, Vol 9 No 1 May 2020
Publisher : Department of International Relations, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/ajis.9.1.48-60.2020

The number of refugees has increased for a decade leading to seek an alternative approach to managing refugees globally. This research will explore the current management of refugees and future direction towards sustainably managing refugees. While the UNHCR has a role in particularly resettling refugees to developed countries, states also have the authority to integrate refugees with local people under the Refugee Convention in 1951. The methodology used is a quantitative study through a statistical descriptive analysis from secondary sources and literature reviews. The result shows that states are reluctant to have a new arrival of refugees into their territories, while the UNHCR currently faces difficulties in resettling refugees to third countries. As a result, refugees are waiting with uncertainty and without livelihood opportunities in transiting countries. In regards to this issue, it seems necessary to have a capacity building and market intervention for the future direction of sustainable refugee management through a partnership with private sectors under the SDGs and other global agenda. These will equip refugees with skill development to enhance self-reliance as well as labor opportunities entering the future market places.

Kepatuhan Mesir Terhadap Convention on The Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) Paska Revolusi Mesir 2011 Ardila Putri; Afriandi Afriandi; Zulkifli Harza
Jurnal PIR : Power in International Relations Vol 7, No 1 (2022): PIR AGUSTUS 2022
Publisher : Universitas Potensi Utama

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22303/pir.7.1.2022.13-30

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan kepatuhan Mesir terhadap Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) pasca Revolusi Mesir 2011 hingga tahun 2021. Penelitian ini mendeskripsikan mengenai upaya Mesir dalam mengimplementasikan ketentuan yang terdapat dalam CEDAW kedalam kebijakan nasionalnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan konsep compliance theory yang dikemukakan oleh Ronald B. Mitchell. Temuan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Mesir dinyatakan patuh terhadap CEDAW. Bentuk perilaku kepatuhan Mesir adalah coincidental compliance. Kepatuhan Mesir terhadap CEDAW termasuk kedalam kategori passive compliance. Kepatuhan ini dibuktikan melalui penerapan berbagai kebijakan nasional, kerjasama pemerintah dengan organisasi internasional, strategi nasional, dan program-program yang diluncurkan oleh pemerintah terkait dengan kesetaraan dan perlindungan perempuan, akan tetapi upaya tersebut belum mampu secara maksimal dari hal yang diharapkan.

Peningkatan Pengetahuan Citizen Diplomacy (Diplomasi Warga) Pada Siswa SMA 1 Bukittinggi Maryam Jamilah; Rika Isnarti; Rifki Dermawan; Diah Anggraini Austin; Zulkifli Harza
Jurnal Abdimas: Pengabdian dan Pengembangan Masyarakat Vol 3 No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat

Kegiatan diplomasi saat ini tidak hanya dilakukan oleh diplomat saja. Kegiatan diplomasi juga melibatkan warga negara dalam kerangka diplomasi publik. Meningkatnya peran warga negara dalam diplomasi dan banyaknya media yang dapat digunakan, menjadikan kegiatan diplomasi semakin luas. Namun, hal ini tidak diiringi dengan pengetahuan warga negara yang baik mengenai diplomasi yang dilakukan warga atau citizen diplomacy. Kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan memberikan pengetahuan lanjutan kepada siswa SMA mengenai diplomasi warga terutama tujuan, cara penggunaan, dan perbedaannya dengan kegiatan diplomasi lainnya. Siswa SMA dipilih karena memiliki antusias yang tinggi pada kegiatan hubungan luar negeri. Selain itu saat ini mereka merupakan golongan yang paling banyak menggunakan sosial media. Sosial media merupakan media paling banyak aktivitas diplomasi warga didalamnya. Metode kegiatan ini dimulai dari persiapan sampai evaluasi yang dilaksanakan dalam jaringan (virtual). Kegiatan dilaksanakan dengan memberikan ceramah, Latihan, dan tanya jawab kepada peserta. Hasil dari kegiatan ini terdapat perbedaan pengetahuan siswa mengenai diplomasi sebelum dan sesudah diadakannya kegiatan. 69% siswa mengetahui tujuan diplomasi warga, penggunaan, dan perbedaannya dengan kegiatan diplomasi lainnya dengan baik.

Peran Orangutan Information Centre Dalam Konservasi Orangutan Di Taman Nasional Gunung Leuser Melalui Collaborative Management Plan-Small Grants Programme Athalla Vareel Ebsyar; Zulkifli Harza; Putiviola Elian Nasir
Frequency of International Relations (FETRIAN) Vol 5 No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Andalas Institute of International Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/fetrian.5.1.106-141.2023

The habitat of the Sumatran orangutan in the Gunung Leuser National Park (GLNP) area is under threat, due to illegal logging activities, construction of facilities and infrastructure, and encroachment on boundaries. In an effort to overcome this problem, the ASEAN Centre for Biodiversity (ACB) in collaboration with the Kreditanstalt fur Wiederaufbau (Kfw) created the Small Grants Program (SGP). SGP aims to support the efforts of the ASEAN Heritage Park (AHP) in protecting biodiversity, one of which is the orangutan. TNGL as AHP has been selected to run SGP in Indonesia and the Orangutan Information Centre (OIC) has been selected as a partner to run the SGP cycle one and cycle two at TNGL. OIC as a non-governmental organization (NGO) is taking part in orangutan conservation efforts in Gunung Leuser National Park through the Small Grants Program of the ASEAN Centre for Biodiversity. The research method used is qualitative using descriptive analysis research types and utilizing interview data with the Orangutan Information Center and observations of the Gunung Leuser National Park. The concept of the role of non-governmental organizations according to Lewis and Kanji is used to answer the research problem formulation. In the SGP ACB project, OIC plays the role of implementer by carrying out activities, namely restoring the Induk Barak area, compiling technical guidelines for orangutan protection and mitigation strategies on the Karo Langkat road, conducting surveys of orangutan population density on the Karo Langkat road and Halaban restoration. As a catalyst OIC carried out activities namely facilitating restoration training for the Barak Induk community group, advocating for the government for the protection and mitigation of orangutans on the Karo Langkat road, conducting permaculture activities in (Halaban village, Telagah village and Bukit Mas village). As a partnership, OIC carries out activities, namely working with the Barak Induk community to restore the Barak Induk area, working with the government to conduct a population density survey of orangutans on the Karo Langkat and Halaban roads.

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