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AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN PADA ENAM JENIS TUMBUHAN STERCULIACEAE Saefudin, Saefudin; Marusin, Sofnie
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 31, No 2 (2013):
Publisher : Pusat Litbang Keteknikan Kehutanan dan Pengolahan Hasil Hutan

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Banyak jenis tanaman dari famili Sterculiaceae telah dikenal pemanfaatannya sebagai obat tradisional. Sembilan ekstrak daun, kulit batang dan biji tanaman dari enam jenis Sterculiaceae diteliti dan dievaluasi aktivitas antioksidannya. Penentuan aktivitas antioksidan dilakukan dengan menguji penangkalan radikal bebas secara in vitro menggunakan 2,2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH). Vitamin C digunakan sebagai kontrol. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan, dari 9 ekstrak bahan tersebut, sebanyak 8 ekstrak menunjukkan aktivitas antiradikal DPPH atau antioksidan lebih dari 50%. Bagian kulit tanaman menunjukkan aktivitas paling tinggi, di mana kulit kayu Pterospermum javanicum menghasilkan aktivitas antioksidan tertinggi (92,02%). Hasil penapisan fitokimia terhadap 3 senyawa antioksidan menunjukkan adanya keterkaitan tingginya aktivitas antioksidan dengan banyaknya senyawa polifenol yang terkandung dalam tanaman. Bagian tanaman yang kandungan polifenolnya sedang sampai banyak, umumnya memiliki aktivitas antioksidan di atas 80%.

PENGUJIAN VIABILITAS BENIH JAMBU METE ASAL BUAH SEMU TIDAK NORMAL Saefudin, Saefudin; Tjahjana, Bambang Eka
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 2, No 2 (2011): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh kerusakan buah semu jambu mete terhadap viabilitas dan pertumbuhan benih jambu mete telah dilakukan mulai bulan JanuariÂ sampaiÂ Desember 2009 di Kebun Percobaan Cikampek, Jawa. Bahan yang digunakan adalah benih jambu mete dari Desa Watukawula, Kecamatan Wewewa, Kabupaten Sumba Barat Daya, Propinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur. Percobaan disusun dengan dua taraf perlakuan yaitu benih jambu mete yang berasal dari buah semu normal beraroma harum dan benih yang berasal dari buah semu rusak mengering. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan untuk mengetahui perkecambahan benih dan bobot serta ukuran benih sebanyak 60 butir benih setiap perlakuan, sedangkan untuk mengetahui pertumbuhan bibit digunakan 30 polybag pada setiap perlakuan. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji t pada taraf 5% secaraÂ berpasangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kerusakan buah semu berpengaruh terhadap bobot, tebal, dan viabilitas benih serta pertumbuhan tinggi bibit, sedangkan panjang dan lebar benih, serta diameter batang dan jumlah daun tidak berpengaruh. Bobot dan viabilitas benih jambu mete asal buah semu normal 6.7 g dan 77.7 %, sedang asal buah semu rusak 4.7 g danÂ 51.0 %.Viability of seeds taken from abnormal cashew applesABSTRACTViability of seeds taken from abnormal cashew apples. The experiment was carried out from JanuaryÂ to December 2009 to know about effect damage of cashew apple to the seed viability and growth of cashew seedling on Cikampek Experimental Station, West Java. Material was used cashew seed from Watukawula village, Wewewa Sub District, Southwest Sumba district, province of Nusa Tenggara Barat. The experiment was arranged with observation on two treatment i.e : Seed was harvestedÂ with normal cashew apple and seed was harvested with damaged cashew apples. Number of sample was used to know the seed viability is 60 seeds for each treatment, further more to know the growth of cashew seedling was used 30 polybag per treatment. Analysis was used t-Student test with 5% level paired. Result of this experiment showed that the good seed viability was seed from normal compare with damaged cashew apples, 77.7% and 51.0% respectively. The best seed quality and viability was seed from normal cashew apples

PENGARUH PANJANG ENTRES TERHADAP KEBERHASILAN SAMBUNG PUCUK DAN PERTUMBUHAN BENIH JAMBU METE Ferry, Yulius; Saefudin, Saefudin
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 2, No 2 (2011): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Penelitian yang bertujuan mencari panjang entres yang tepat agar keberhasilan sambung pucuk benih jambu mete (Anacardium occidentale L.) telah dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Cikampek, Kabupaten Karawang, Jawa Barat. Tanah yang digunakan jenis laterit berbatu andesit, tipe iklim C dan ketinggian tempat 50 meter di atas permukaan laut. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus 2009 sampai dengan April 2010. Bahan yang digunakan bibit jambu mete jenis B 02 baik untuk batang bawah maupun batang atas (entres). Penyambungan dilakukan setelah bibit berumur 3 bulan dengan tinggi bibit sekitar 60 cm dan diameter batang bibit 0,6 cm. Percobaan disusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok diulang tiga kali masing-masing terdiri dari 15 tanaman. Perlakuan yang diuji yaitu panjang entres 10, 15 dan 20 cm. Tanaman jambu mete ditanam dalam polybag dengan ukuran 15 x 25 cm. Parameter yang diamati meliputi diameter pangkal setek entres, warna pangkal setek entres, persentase keberhasilan sambung pucuk, pertambahan tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun dan diameter batang benih. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa panjang entres berpengaruh terhadap keberhasilan sambung pucuk jambu mete, panjang entres terbaik adalah 20 cm dengan keberhasilan penyambungan 78 %.Effect of scion length on the success rate of grafting and growth of seedlingsABSTRACTThe research was to obtain proper length of upper stem to the success rate of grafting and grwoth of the seedling cashew nut plants have been conducted in the Garden Experiments Cikampek, Karawang regency, West Java. Soil types was rocky laterite andesite, type C climate and altitude of 50 meters above sea level. The research was conducted in August 2009 until April 2010. While the materials used cashew seed type B 02 for both rootstock and to the upper stem. Grafting was done after 3 months old seedlings with seedlings about 60 cm high and 0.6 cm diameter stems of seedlings. Experiments prepared following the randomized block design was repeated three times that consisting of 10 plants. The treatments were tested namely long scion 10, 15 and 20 cm. Plants grew in polybags with size 15 x 25 cm. The indicators were observed covering the base of the cuttings scion diameter, cutting the base color of entres, the percentage of shoots continued success, increased plant height, leaf number and stem diameter of the seed.The results showed that the length of entres effect on continued success graftingÂ of seedling cashew. Scion length was 20 cm which gave the highest grafting success is as much as 78%.

Pengaruh Media Tumbuh dan Interval Penyemprotan Fungisida terhadap Viabilitas, Pertumbuhan dan Harga Pokok Benih Lada Saefudin, Saefudin; Listyati, Dewi
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 3, No 2 (2012): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh media tumbuh dan interval penyemprotan fungisida terhadap viabilitas setek, pertumbuhan dan harga satuan benih lada dilakukan tahun 2010 di Kebun Percobaan Sukamulya, Sukabumi. Kegiatan terdiri dari dua tahap percobaan lapang dan satu tahap analisis ekonomi bibit lada. Percobaan pertama disusun berdasarkan rancangan acak kelompok dengan tiga ulangan dan jumlah setek setiap perlakuan sebanyak 50 setek benih lada satu ruas. Variabel pertumbuhan yang diamati adalah tinggi dan jumlah buku benih. Percobaan ke dua disusun berdasarkan rancangan acak kelompok dengan tiga ulangan dan jumlah benih setiap perlakuan sebanyak 50Â benih lada. Pengamatan serangan penyakit dilakukan setiap bulan sampai umur benih empat bulan. Pengamatan pertumbuhan dilakukan sebanyak 20 benih yang ditentukan secara acak sederhana. Variabel pertumbuhan yang diamati adalah tinggi dan jumlah buku benih. Selanjutnya dilakukan analisis biaya pembenihan untuk mengetahui harga pokok benih lada. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media tumbuh cocopit dan abu sekam baik sebagai media perkecambahan (viabilitas setek 100%), diikuti media campuran tanah dan pupuk kandang (viabilitas setek 94%), dan penyemprotan fungisida 9 hari sekali untuk menekan serangan penyakit. Hasil analisis ekonomi menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan teknologi media tumbuh + pupuk kandang dengan penyemprotan fungisida 9 hari sekali menghasilkan benih dengan harga pokok sebesar Rp 985,4, lebih murah (19,56%) dibandingkan penggunaan teknologi yang tidak tepat yang akan menghasilkan benih dengan harga pokok yang lebih mahal yaitu Rp 1.178,2.Â Effects of Growing Media and Spraying Interval of Fungicide on Viability and Growth of Rooted Cuttings of Black Pepper and Its Cost PriceABSTRACT A research was established to assess the effects of growth medium and spraying interval of fungicide on viability and growth of rooted cuttings of black pepper as well as unit price of production of the cuttings. The research was carried out at Sukamulya, Sukabumi from January to December 2010. The research consists of two field experiments and an economic analysis of rooted-cutting production of the crop. The two of field experiments were:(1) Study of various growing media of rooted cuttings at nursery level. The objective of this study was to find out proper media giving the best viability of rooted cuttings; and (2) Study of spraying interval of fungicide to reduce risks of disease infestation on the cuttings, with its objective was to evaluate frequency of fungicide spraying being able to reduce risks of infestation. Growth variables observed were height of the cuttings and the number of cutting nodes, and disease incidences for 4 months. Infested cuttings were analyzed at a laboratorium to identify possible factors affecting the growth of cuttings. Whereas, an economic analysis was aimed to asses the effect of applied treatments which gave comparable benefits. The result showed that coco peat and rice husk ash were the best growth medium for cutting productions with viability of 100%, meanwhile the media of mixed soil and sheepdung resulted in lower viability (94%) than those of previous one. Fungicide spraying onto cutting nursery should be conducted at minimum 9 days interval to minimize the death of cuttings caused by disease attack. Based on the economic analysis, application of appropriate technologies would result more lower of spending unit price of cutting production of Rp.985.4 (19.56%) than inappropriate technologies (Rp.1,178.2).

PENGARUH UMUR DAN LAMA PENYIMPANAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BENIH LADA Saefudin, Saefudin
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 3, No 3 (2012): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh umur dan lama penyimpanan terhadapÂ pertumbuhan benih ladaÂ telah dilakukan di Rumah Kaca Kebun Percobaan Sukamulya, Sukabumi, Jawa Barat mulai bulan Januari sampai dengan Desember 2011. PercobaanÂ disusun berdasarkan rancangan acak kelompok faktorial dengan tiga ulangan. Faktor Pertama adalah tiga taraf (umur benih), yaitu 1, 2, dan 3 bulan, sedangkan faktor kedua adalah 5 taraf (lama simpan benih), yaituÂ 0, 3, 5, 7 dan 9 hari. Jumlah sampel benih untuk pengamatan kondisi kesegaran sebanyak 50 bibit, sedangkan untuk pertumbuhan benih sebanyak 25 benih setiap perlakuan. Parameter yang diamati meliputi kondisi kesegaran benih setelah mendapat perlakuan penyimpanan dan pertumbuhan benih Â umur 3 bulan. Parameter pertumbuhan terdiri atas Â tinggi benih, jumlah buku, panjang daun, lebar daun, dan Â panjang ruas. Data hasil pengamatan selanjutnya dianalisis menggunakan Â analisis sidik ragam (anova) dilanjutkan dengan uji BNJ taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa interaksi antara umur benih dan lama penyimpanan berpengaruh terhadap kondisi kesegarannya, sedangkan umur benih dan lama penyimpanan berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan benih lada. Apabila benih lada dikeluarkan dari polibagnya, maka benih lada umur 2 bulan yang paling mampu bertahan terhadap penyimpanan dengan lama penyimpanan maksimal 5 hari. THE EFFECTS OF AGE AND STORAGE PERIODS ON THE GROWTH OF ROOTED CUTTINGS OF BLACK PEPPER ABSTRACT To provide good black pepper cuttings grown in polythene bags, it might be costly due to transportation cost should be covered into cost production. The use of rooted cuttings of black pepper is therefore considered as an alternative solution in providing of plant materials being ready to be planted in the fields. A research was carried out at a glass house of Sukamulya Research Station (Sukabumi) from January to Desember 2011. The objective of the study was to investigate the effects of age and storage periods of rooted cuttings on their freshness and growth performances under nursery condition. A randomized factorial design with three replications was used. The age of black pepper cuttings consisted of 1, 2, and 3 months old, while the storage periods were 0, 3, 5, 7 and 9 days. The number of pepper cuttings observed for their freshness levels were 50 cuttings per treatments, whereas those of their growth were 25 cuttings. For evaluation of their freshness, they were calculated based on the percentage of treated cuttings having water content of higher than 75%, while for their growth parameters observed were height of rooted cuttings, number of nudes, leaf length, leaf width, and length of internodes. The data were then analyzed with analysis of variance (anova) followed by HSD test level 5%. The results showed that there were noted interaction between the age and storage periods of rooted cuttings to the freshness and growth of young rooted cuttings. If farmers use rooted cuttings taken out from their polythene bags, then 2-month cutting olds with maximum storage periods of 5 days would give the best treated rooted cuttings having high in performance growth.

PENGARUH PANJANG ENTRES TERHADAP KEBERHASILAN SAMBUNG PUCUK DAN PERTUMBUHAN BENIH JAMBU METE Ferry, Yulius; Saefudin, Saefudin
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 2, No 2 (2011): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Penelitian yang bertujuan mencari panjang entres yang tepat agar keberhasilan sambung pucuk benih jambu mete (Anacardium occidentale L.) telah dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Cikampek, Kabupaten Karawang, Jawa Barat. Tanah yang digunakan jenis laterit berbatu andesit, tipe iklim C dan ketinggian tempat 50 meter di atas permukaan laut. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus 2009 sampai dengan April 2010. Bahan yang digunakan bibit jambu mete jenis B 02 baik untuk batang bawah maupun batang atas (entres). Penyambungan dilakukan setelah bibit berumur 3 bulan dengan tinggi bibit sekitar 60 cm dan diameter batang bibit 0,6 cm. Percobaan disusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok diulang tiga kali masing-masing terdiri dari 15 tanaman. Perlakuan yang diuji yaitu panjang entres 10, 15 dan 20 cm. Tanaman jambu mete ditanam dalam polybag dengan ukuran 15 x 25 cm. Parameter yang diamati meliputi diameter pangkal setek entres, warna pangkal setek entres, persentase keberhasilan sambung pucuk, pertambahan tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun dan diameter batang benih. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa panjang entres berpengaruh terhadap keberhasilan sambung pucuk jambu mete, panjang entres terbaik adalah 20 cm dengan keberhasilan penyambungan 78 %.Effect of scion length on the success rate of grafting and growth of seedlingsABSTRACTThe research was to obtain proper length of upper stem to the success rate of grafting and grwoth of the seedling cashew nut plants have been conducted in the Garden Experiments Cikampek, Karawang regency, West Java. Soil types was rocky laterite andesite, type C climate and altitude of 50 meters above sea level. The research was conducted in August 2009 until April 2010. While the materials used cashew seed type B 02 for both rootstock and to the upper stem. Grafting was done after 3 months old seedlings with seedlings about 60 cm high and 0.6 cm diameter stems of seedlings. Experiments prepared following the randomized block design was repeated three times that consisting of 10 plants. The treatments were tested namely long scion 10, 15 and 20 cm. Plants grew in polybags with size 15 x 25 cm. The indicators were observed covering the base of the cuttings scion diameter, cutting the base color of entres, the percentage of shoots continued success, increased plant height, leaf number and stem diameter of the seed.The results showed that the length of entres effect on continued success graftingÂ of seedling cashew. Scion length was 20 cm which gave the highest grafting success is as much as 78%.

Pengaruh Umur Batang Bawah Terhadap Persentase Keberhasilan Okulasi Hijau pada Tiga Klon Karet (Hevea brasiliensis Muell Agr.) Heryana, Nana; Saefudin, Saefudin; Sobari, Iing
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 1, No 2 (2014): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Perbanyakan karet (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Agr.) dengan okulasi cokelat membutuhkan waktu yang lama dalam pembibitannya, sedangkan perbanyakan dengan okulasi hijau belum banyak dilakukan karena tingkat keberhasilan masih sangat rendah. Salah satu faktor yang diduga berpengaruh terhadap keberhasilan okulasi hijau adalah umur bibit batang bawah. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui pengaruh perbedaan umur batang bawah terhadap persentase keberhasilan okulasi hijau pada tiga klon karet. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan (KP.) Pakuwon, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar pada bulan Januari-Desember 2013. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan petak terbagi, tiga ulangan dan ukuran petak 25 pohon. Petak utama adalah jenis klon batang bawah, terdiri dari 3 klon, yaitu K1 = AVROS 2037, K2 = PB 260, dan K3 = GT 1. Anak petak adalah umur batang bawah terdiri dari 4 taraf, yaitu U1 = 4 bulan, U2 = 5 bulan, U3 = 6 bulan, U4 = 7 bulan. Okulasi dilakukan dengan cara membuka kulit batang bawah, kemudian entres dimasukkan ke dalam jendela sayatan hasil pembukaan. Pengikatan sambungan dilakukan dengan menggunakan plastik khusus dengan cara dililitkan dari bawah ke atas. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap persentase keberhasilan okulasi hijau pada umur tiga minggu setelah okulasi (MSO). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keberhasilan okulasi hijau pada tanaman karet dipengaruhi oleh umur batang bawah. Untuk Klon PB 260 dan GT 1, makin tua umur batang bawah sampai maksimum 7 bulan di polybag maka semakin meningkat persentase keberhasilan okulasi, sedangkan pada klon AVROS 2037 belum memperlihatkan perbedaan yang nyata.Kata kunci: Hevea brasiliensis, umur batang bawah, klon, keberhasilan okulasi hijauPropagation of rubber (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Agr.) using brown budding need a long time in the nursery, whereas the propagation usinggreen Budding has not yet been done due to the success rate is still very low. One of the factorthat might influence the successfulness of green budding is rootstock age.. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of different age of rootstock on the percentage of green budding success in three rubber clones. The experiment was conducted at the Pakuwon experimental station (ES), Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute, from January-December 2013. The research was done using split plot design with three replications, and the plot size is 25 trees. The main plot was the type of clones used for rootstock that comprised of 3 clones: K1 = AVROS 2037, K2 = PB 260, and K3 = GT 1. Meanwhile, the subplots were rootstock age consists of 4 levels, namely: U1 = 4 months, U2 = 5 months, U3 = 6 months, U4 = 7 months. Observations were made on the percentage of green budding success at 3 weeks old after grafting . The results showed that the success of the green budding on the rubber plants is influenced by the age of rootstock. The use of rootstock up to 7 months old in polybag in PB 260 dan GT 1 clones would increase the percentage of grafting success, whereas AVROS 2037 clone did not show any significant different.Â

PENGARUH UMUR DAN LAMA PENYIMPANAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BENIH LADA Saefudin, Saefudin
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 3, No 3 (2012): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh umur dan lama penyimpanan terhadapÂ pertumbuhan benih ladaÂ telah dilakukan di Rumah Kaca Kebun Percobaan Sukamulya, Sukabumi, Jawa Barat mulai bulan Januari sampai dengan Desember 2011. PercobaanÂ disusun berdasarkan rancangan acak kelompok faktorial dengan tiga ulangan. Faktor Pertama adalah tiga taraf (umur benih), yaitu 1, 2, dan 3 bulan, sedangkan faktor kedua adalah 5 taraf (lama simpan benih), yaituÂ 0, 3, 5, 7 dan 9 hari. Jumlah sampel benih untuk pengamatan kondisi kesegaran sebanyak 50 bibit, sedangkan untuk pertumbuhan benih sebanyak 25 benih setiap perlakuan. Parameter yang diamati meliputi kondisi kesegaran benih setelah mendapat perlakuan penyimpanan dan pertumbuhan benih Â umur 3 bulan. Parameter pertumbuhan terdiri atas Â tinggi benih, jumlah buku, panjang daun, lebar daun, dan Â panjang ruas. Data hasil pengamatan selanjutnya dianalisis menggunakan Â analisis sidik ragam (anova) dilanjutkan dengan uji BNJ taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa interaksi antara umur benih dan lama penyimpanan berpengaruh terhadap kondisi kesegarannya, sedangkan umur benih dan lama penyimpanan berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan benih lada. Apabila benih lada dikeluarkan dari polibagnya, maka benih lada umur 2 bulan yang paling mampu bertahan terhadap penyimpanan dengan lama penyimpanan maksimal 5 hari. THE EFFECTS OF AGE AND STORAGE PERIODS ON THE GROWTH OF ROOTED CUTTINGS OF BLACK PEPPER ABSTRACT To provide good black pepper cuttings grown in polythene bags, it might be costly due to transportation cost should be covered into cost production. The use of rooted cuttings of black pepper is therefore considered as an alternative solution in providing of plant materials being ready to be planted in the fields. A research was carried out at a glass house of Sukamulya Research Station (Sukabumi) from January to Desember 2011. The objective of the study was to investigate the effects of age and storage periods of rooted cuttings on their freshness and growth performances under nursery condition. A randomized factorial design with three replications was used. The age of black pepper cuttings consisted of 1, 2, and 3 months old, while the storage periods were 0, 3, 5, 7 and 9 days. The number of pepper cuttings observed for their freshness levels were 50 cuttings per treatments, whereas those of their growth were 25 cuttings. For evaluation of their freshness, they were calculated based on the percentage of treated cuttings having water content of higher than 75%, while for their growth parameters observed were height of rooted cuttings, number of nudes, leaf length, leaf width, and length of internodes. The data were then analyzed with analysis of variance (anova) followed by HSD test level 5%. The results showed that there were noted interaction between the age and storage periods of rooted cuttings to the freshness and growth of young rooted cuttings. If farmers use rooted cuttings taken out from their polythene bags, then 2-month cutting olds with maximum storage periods of 5 days would give the best treated rooted cuttings having high in performance growth.

Pengaruh Tingkat Naungan dan Media Tanam Terhadap Persentase Pecah Mata Tunas dan Pertumbuhan Bibit Karet Okulasi Hijau Sakiroh, Sakiroh; Saefudin, Saefudin
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 1, No 2 (2014): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Keberhasilan okulasi hijau di pembibitan karet (Hevea brasiliensis) stum mata tidur tidak selamanya mencapai persentase tumbuh yang baik karena dipengaruhi faktor lingkungan dan media tanam. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh tingkat naungan dan media tanam terhadap pecah mata tunas dan pertumbuhan stum mata tidur bibit karet hasil okulasi hijau. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan (KP.) Pakuwon Balai Penelitian Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar, Sukabumi, pada bulan Januari-Desember 2013. Rancangan penelitian adalah petak terpisah dengan tiga ulangan. Sebagai petak utama adalah tingkat naungan (N) dengan 3 taraf, yaitu N0 = tanpa naungan, N1 = tingkat naungan 50%, dan N2 = 70%. Sebagai anak petak ialah media tanam (M) dengan 5 taraf, yaitu M0 = tanah tanpa pupuk, M1 = tanah + pupuk kotoran ayam (4:1), M2 = tanah + pupuk kotoran kambing (4:1), M3 = tanah + pupuk kotoran ayam + 2,5 g pupuk NPK, dan M4= tanah + pupuk kotoran kambing + 2,5 g pupuk NPK. Peubah yang diamati meliputi kecepatan pecah mata tunas dan pertumbuhan bibit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi pembibitan karet tanpa naungan di KP. Pakuwon dengan intensitas cahaya 67.041,67 lux dan suhu udara 31,79 Â°C menghasilkan persentase pecah mata tunas dan pertumbuhan tinggi tunas hasil okulasi hijau tertinggi. Perlakuan media tanam dan interaksinya dengan tingkat naungan belum memperlihatkan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap persentase pecah mata tunas sampai umur 8 MST dan terhadap pertumbuhan tunas hasil okulasi sampai umur 16 MST.Kata kunci: Hevea brasiliensis, stum mata tidur, bibit, kotoran kambing, kotoran ayamThe success of green budding using budded stump of rubber seedling (Hevea brasiliensis) does not always give a good percentage of growth due to the influence of environmental factors and growing media. This study was carried out to determine the effect of shading levels and growing media that can enhance the growth of budded stump on rubber seedling derived from green budding. The experiment was conducted at Pakuwon Experimental Station (E.S.), Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute, from January-October 2013. The study was designed as a split plot with three replications. The main plot is the level of shade with 3 levels: without shade (N1), 50% shade (N2) and 70% shade (N3). Meanwhile, subplot is growing media with 5 levels: soil without fertilizer (control) (P0), Soil + chicken manure (4: 1) (P1), soil + goat manure (4: 1) (P2), Soil + chicken manure + 2.5 g of NPK fertilizer (P3) and soil + goat manure + 2.5 g of NPK fertilizers (P4). The results showed that the condition of the rubber nursery without shade at Pakuwon E.S. with the light intensity of 67041.67 lux and temperature of 31.79 Â°C resulted the highest percentage of breaking buds and the growth of buds derived from green buddings. The treatment of growing media and its interaction with the shading levels does not show significant effect on the percentage of breaking buds until 8 weeks after planting (WAP) and the growth of buds until 16 WAP.

Pengaruh Media Tumbuh dan Interval Penyemprotan Fungisida terhadap Viabilitas, Pertumbuhan dan Harga Pokok Benih Lada Saefudin, Saefudin; Listyati, Dewi
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 3, No 2 (2012): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh media tumbuh dan interval penyemprotan fungisida terhadap viabilitas setek, pertumbuhan dan harga satuan benih lada dilakukan tahun 2010 di Kebun Percobaan Sukamulya, Sukabumi. Kegiatan terdiri dari dua tahap percobaan lapang dan satu tahap analisis ekonomi bibit lada. Percobaan pertama disusun berdasarkan rancangan acak kelompok dengan tiga ulangan dan jumlah setek setiap perlakuan sebanyak 50 setek benih lada satu ruas. Variabel pertumbuhan yang diamati adalah tinggi dan jumlah buku benih. Percobaan ke dua disusun berdasarkan rancangan acak kelompok dengan tiga ulangan dan jumlah benih setiap perlakuan sebanyak 50Â benih lada. Pengamatan serangan penyakit dilakukan setiap bulan sampai umur benih empat bulan. Pengamatan pertumbuhan dilakukan sebanyak 20 benih yang ditentukan secara acak sederhana. Variabel pertumbuhan yang diamati adalah tinggi dan jumlah buku benih. Selanjutnya dilakukan analisis biaya pembenihan untuk mengetahui harga pokok benih lada. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media tumbuh cocopit dan abu sekam baik sebagai media perkecambahan (viabilitas setek 100%), diikuti media campuran tanah dan pupuk kandang (viabilitas setek 94%), dan penyemprotan fungisida 9 hari sekali untuk menekan serangan penyakit. Hasil analisis ekonomi menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan teknologi media tumbuh + pupuk kandang dengan penyemprotan fungisida 9 hari sekali menghasilkan benih dengan harga pokok sebesar Rp 985,4, lebih murah (19,56%) dibandingkan penggunaan teknologi yang tidak tepat yang akan menghasilkan benih dengan harga pokok yang lebih mahal yaitu Rp 1.178,2.Â Effects of Growing Media and Spraying Interval of Fungicide on Viability and Growth of Rooted Cuttings of Black Pepper and Its Cost PriceABSTRACT A research was established to assess the effects of growth medium and spraying interval of fungicide on viability and growth of rooted cuttings of black pepper as well as unit price of production of the cuttings. The research was carried out at Sukamulya, Sukabumi from January to December 2010. The research consists of two field experiments and an economic analysis of rooted-cutting production of the crop. The two of field experiments were:(1) Study of various growing media of rooted cuttings at nursery level. The objective of this study was to find out proper media giving the best viability of rooted cuttings; and (2) Study of spraying interval of fungicide to reduce risks of disease infestation on the cuttings, with its objective was to evaluate frequency of fungicide spraying being able to reduce risks of infestation. Growth variables observed were height of the cuttings and the number of cutting nodes, and disease incidences for 4 months. Infested cuttings were analyzed at a laboratorium to identify possible factors affecting the growth of cuttings. Whereas, an economic analysis was aimed to asses the effect of applied treatments which gave comparable benefits. The result showed that coco peat and rice husk ash were the best growth medium for cutting productions with viability of 100%, meanwhile the media of mixed soil and sheepdung resulted in lower viability (94%) than those of previous one. Fungicide spraying onto cutting nursery should be conducted at minimum 9 days interval to minimize the death of cuttings caused by disease attack. Based on the economic analysis, application of appropriate technologies would result more lower of spending unit price of cutting production of Rp.985.4 (19.56%) than inappropriate technologies (Rp.1,178.2).

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