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All Journal JIMKI : Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Indonesia
Luh Ade Dita Rahayu
Universitas Mataram
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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POTENSI EKSTRAK BUNGA KAMBOJA (PLUMERIA SP.) DAN BUNGA KLUWIH (ARTOCARPUS CAMANSI) SEBAGAI BIOLARVASIDA NYAMUK ANOPHELES SP. DALAM UPAYA PENCEGAHAN PENYAKIT MALARIA Luh Gde Sri Adnyani Suari; Abiyyu Didar Haq; Luh Ade Dita Rahayu
JIMKI: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Indonesia Vol 8 No 3 (2021): JIMKI: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Indonesia Volume 8.3 Edisi September 20
Publisher : BAPIN-ISMKI (Badan Analisis Pengembangan Ilmiah Nasional - Ikatan Senat Mahasiswa Kedokteran Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53366/jimki.v8i3.267

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ABSTRACT Background: Malaria is one of many health problem that attracts attention in a lot of countries, especially Indonesia as a tropical country. To minimalize the spread of malaria, many efforts is done to control Anopheles sp as the vector of malaria. Some of many effort that has been done to control malaria is larvaciding. Conventional insecticide such as malathion, DDT, and pyrethroid that is widely used for vector control is known to cause problem such as pollution, residual effect, and resistance of the mosquitoes. Therefore, it is very much needed to find an alternative of the overuse of insecticide and find a better and safer solution both for us and for the environment . Methods: This literature review used a variety of sources that are being retrieved from online publication portal. Discussion: Extract of Plumeria sp. ‘s flower showed the existance of steroid, alkaloid, flavonoid, glycoside, tannin, and essential oil. Steroid, flavonoid, and alkaloid substance are the substances that is expected to have the larvicidal effect. Steroid is able to restrict insect’s growth in the transition phase from larvae to pupae and vice versa. Flavonoid works as a respiratory toxin. Alkaloid acts as a contact toxic and inhibits the acetylcholinesterase which will cause a bitter taste which then interrupts the mealtime of the larvae. Meanwhile Artocarpus camansi contains a substances such as saponin, flavonoid, and polyphenol whose effect is lowering the appetite, inhibiting the respiratory system, and inhibiting the moulting hormone. Conclusion: The combination of kamboja flower (Plumeria sp.) and kluwih flower (Artocarpus camansi) has a potential to be used as biolarvacide of Anopheles sp. Keywords: Kamboja, Kluwih, Biolarvacide, Malaria
HIPERTENSI, DIABETES MELLITUS, DAN OBESITAS SEBAGAI FAKTOR KOMORBIDITAS UTAMA TERHADAP MORTALITAS PASIEN COVID-19: SEBUAH STUDI LITERATUR Luh Ade Dita Rahayu; Jannatul Cahya Admiyanti; Yumna Iftinan Khalda; Fatikha Rudia Ahda; Nur Feby Febiana Agistany; Sastraningsih Setiawati; Nabila Indah Shofiyanti; Cut Warnaini
JIMKI: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Indonesia Vol 9 No 1 (2021): JIMKI: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Indonesia Volume 9.1 Edisi Maret - Juli
Publisher : BAPIN-ISMKI (Badan Analisis Pengembangan Ilmiah Nasional - Ikatan Senat Mahasiswa Kedokteran Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53366/jimki.v9i1.342

Abstract

Background: COVID-19 patients with comorbid diseases have a higher mortality rate than patients without congenital diseases. The most common comorbids found in COVID-19 patients are diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and obesity. The prevalence of COVID-19 patients with diabetes mellitus reached 41.7%, hypertension reached 56.6%, and obesity reached 41.7%. Methods: The method used in this paper is literature review from various references and focused on the correlation of comorbid with the risk of death in COVID-19 patients. The references are being retrieved from NCBI and Google Scholar. Overall, 21 sources were used which were obtained from various data bases including PubMed, ScienceDirect, Researchgate, and WHO. Discussion: There is an increase in ACE-2 expression which causes a high susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection on COVID-19 patient with hypertension. Impaired T-cell function and increased levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) also play an important role in increasing the severity on COVID-19 patient with diabetes. Obesity can cause abnormalities in the secretion of cytokines, adipokines, and inferferon which will disrupt the immune system in the human body. Conclusion: The complex pathophysiological mechanisms of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and obesity as comorbid in COVID-19 patients increase the severity and mortality risk.
Co-Authors Abiyyu Didar Haq Cut Warnaini Fatikha Rudia Ahda Jannatul Cahya Admiyanti Luh Gde Sri Adnyani Suari Nabila Indah Shofiyanti Nur Feby Febiana Agistany Sastraningsih Setiawati Yumna Iftinan Khalda