Muh. Saleh
Program Studi Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar

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Efektivitas Ekstrak Serbuk Daun Pulai (Alstonia scholaris) Sebagai Larvasida Alami Terhadap Larva Aedes sp. Instar III Rachmat Saleh; Andi Susilawaty; Abdul Majid HR Lagu; Muh. Saleh
HIGIENE: Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Vol 8 No 1 (2022): Kesehatan Lingkungan
Publisher : Public Health Department, Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar

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Abstract

Salah satu tanaman di Indonesia yang dimanfaatkan masyarakat secara tradisional sebagai obat adalah batang pulai (Alstonia scholaris). Bagian tanaman yang sering digunakan adalah daun, kulit batang, dan bunga. Tumbuhan ini mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder diantaranya flavonoid, alkaloid, steroid dan triterpenoid. Kandungan tersebut merupakan senyawa aktif yang dapat digunakan sebagai larvasida alami untuk membunuh larva Aedes sp. sebagai upaya pengendalian vektor penyebab Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) yaitu nyamuk Aedes sp. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada dua lokasi yaitu Laboratorium Biologi-Farnasi dan Laboratorium Kesehatan Lingkungan Fakultas Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan UIN Alauddin Makassar. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode eksperimen murni (true experiment) dengan rancangan Posttest Only Control Group Design. Populasi dan sampel pada penelitian ini berjumlah 300 larva Aedes sp. Instar III sebagai hewan uji yang diambil dari Laboratorium Entomologi Universitas Hasanuddin dalam setiap replikasi menggunakan 25 larva. Perlakuan dilaksanakan dengan pemajanan terhadap larva Aedes sp. Instar III dengan konsentrasi 0%, 5%, 10% dan 15% masing-masing 2 gram serbuk daun pulai dengan tiga kali replikasi. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan, presentase kematian larva Aedes sp. pada kontrol (-) tidak terdapat kematian, pada konsentrasi 5% yaitu 22% kematian dan pada konsentrasi 10% yaitu 46% kematian dan pada konsentrasi 15% yaitu 65% kematian. Dengan uji korelasi Pearson nilai Sig. 0,000<0,05 dan Koefisien korelasi Pearson sebesar 0,975 bahwa terdapat hubungan kuat antar variabel konsentrasi serbuk daun pulai dan jumlah kematian larva Aedes sp. serta semakin tinggi konsentrasi serbuk daun pulai yang diberikan maka semakin banyak larva Aedes sp. yang mati. Berdasarkan hasil uji analisis Probit menunjukkan nilai LC95 sebesar 42.165 atau 42% dan bila dikonversi dengan satuan part per million (ppm) adalah 126.000 ppm atau 12,6 g/l dan LT95 sebesar 2.301 menit atau 38 jam. Saran yang diberikan perlu dilakukan pengujian lebih lanjut terhadap produk serbuk daun pulai untuk melihat tingkat efektifitas dilapangan dan tingkat partisipasi masyarakat dalam menggunakan larvasida alami dari daun pulai. Kata Kunci : Tanaman Pulai, Larvasida Alami, Kematian Larva Aedes sp.
Uji Resistensi Larvasida Sintetik Dengan Perbandingan Dosis Pada Larva Culex Sp Di Kelurahan Paccerakkang Kecamatan Biringkanaya Kota Makassar Widya Larasati Ramly; Hamsir Ahmad; Rostina S; Muh. Saleh
HIGIENE: Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Vol 8 No 2 (2022): Kesehatan Lingkungan
Publisher : Public Health Department, Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar

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Abstract

The use of larvicides is the most common method used by the community to reduce larval habitat. The dosage of temephos based on WHO is 0.02 mg/l. Abate or temephos can cause resistance if not using the appropriate dose. Resistance is the ability of a vector population to survive against a dose of insecticide that normally kills the vector species. Mosquitoes that have been resistant will be immune or do not die even when exposed to insecticides. This type of research is a pure experiment with a post test only design with a control group design using synthetic larvicides (temephos) with the Susceptibility Test method. Resistance test according to WHO guidelines (susceptibility test) aims to determine changes in the level of susceptibility of vectors before, during and after the use of insecticides. The results obtained after 3 trials within 24 hours at a dose of 0.005mg/l the percentage of mortality of Culex sp. larvae was 98.4%, while at a dose of 0.01mg/l the percentage of mortality of Culex sp. larvae reached 100%, and at a dose of 0.015 mg/l mortality percentage of Culex sp. larvae samples also reached 100%. From the results of this study, it can be concluded that the vulnerability status of Culex sp larvae in the Paccerakang Village, Biringkanaya District, Makassar Regency is still in a vulnerable state or resistance has not occurred. Therefore, this research can be a source of information for local communities in developing control strategies using synthetic larvicides (temephos). Keywords: Resistance, Synthetic larvicides (temephos), Culex sp. larvae.
Analisis Personal Hygiene pada Penyajian Makanan di Pasar Segar Panakkukang Kota Makassar Khiki Purnawati Kasim; Juherah Juherah; Fitriyah Fadhilah Rahmadani; Rostina Rostina; Muh. Saleh
HIGIENE: Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Vol 8 No 3 (2022): Kesehatan Lingkungan
Publisher : Public Health Department, Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar

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Abstract

The outbreak of food poisoning in Indonesia was ranked second as the most frequent non-natural disaster in 2018. The Food and Drug Supervisory Agency or BPOM Makassar recorded hundreds of cases of food poisoning in South Sulawesi Province during 2021.Panakkukang Fresh Market in Makassar City which is a culinary tourism area, in terms of personal hygiene, there are still many traders who do not use personal protective equipment and make direct contact with food without using gloves when processing and serving food. The purpose of this research is to find out personal hygiene in serving food at pasar Segar Panakkukang in Makassar. The type of research used is descriptive observational using the Slovin formula to determine the sample size of 28 respondents. The result of this study indicate that from 28 traders who have good personal hygiene as many as 2 respondents (7,1%) and not good personal hygiene as many as 26 respondents (92,9%) and in serving food that has good food presentation as many as 16 respondents (57,1%) and not good food presentation as many as 12 respondents (42,9).The conclusion of this research is that personal hygiene of food vendors in fresh marketing is included in the bad category whilethe food serving is in the good category. This research recommend food handlers to pay moreattention to personal hygiene and use personal protective equipment as well as for further researchers it is recommended to confirm the personal hygiene variabels that have the most influence on the contamination of jackfruit food. Keywords : Personal hygiene, food serving.
Potential of Organic Infusion as a Preferred Attractant for Mosquito Oviposition: A Literature Review Muh. Saleh; Syahrul Basri; Ranti Ekasari
HIGIENE: Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Vol 9 No 3 (2023): Kesehatan Lingkungan
Publisher : Public Health Department, Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/higiene.v9i3.46646

Abstract

This study reviews the potential of organic substances (organic infusion) as an attractant for oviposition of gravid mosquito trap in surveillance and control of the mosquito mosquito-borne disease basedon literature indexed by Scopus and Web of Science (WOS), such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, MDPI, Springer, Wely, SiELO, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. A total of 1,804 scientificpapers were obtained, and only 12 articles met the inclusion criteria. All selected articles were quantitative studies (laboratory, semifield, and field studies). The results showed that the Ae. aegypti,Ae. albopictus and various species of Culex are attracted to organic infusion. The organic infusion is effective in attracting mosquitoes to lay eggs in traps, especially Aedes spp. It can be used assurveillance and the best solution in environmentally friendly disease vector control.