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Kota mataram,
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INDONESIA
Jurnal Biologi Tropis
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 14119587     EISSN : 25497863     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
Jurnal Biologi Tropis (ISSN Cetak 1411-9587 dan ISSN Online 2549-7863) diterbitkan mulai tahun 2000 dengan frekuensi 2 kali setahun oleh Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi PMIPA FKIP Universitas Mataram, berisi hasil penelitian dan ulasan Ilmiah dalam bidang Biologi Sains.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 45 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 22 No. 2 (2022): April - June" : 45 Documents clear
The Evidence of Cadmium (Cd) Heavy Metal in South Asian Apple snail (Pila ampullacea) on The Batu Kuta Village Narmada District Widya Septiani; Khairuddin Khairuddin; M. Yamin
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 22 No. 2 (2022): April - June
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v22i2.2586

Abstract

Waste produced by society has a negative impact on the environment such as waste from agricultural, household, and industrial sector. The study aims to evaluate the content of heavy metal Cadmium (Cd) in rice field snail (Pila ampullacea) as a pollutant indicator in Narmada sub-district, West Lombok. The research method used observation and laboratory. Furthermore, Sampling at six points was conducted with three repetitions. In addition, the heavy metal content of the research sample was analyzed using AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry). The result indicated that the average of heavy metal content Cadmium (Cd) per point in rice field snail (Pila ampullacea) in Batu Kuta village, Narmada sub-district ranged from 0.367 ppm – 0.554 ppm. The highest value was found in the rice field at station 2 point 3, while the lowest was in the irrigation canal at station 2 point 1. The average of the analysis on the heavy metal content Cadmium (Cd) per station in rice field snail (Pila ampullacea) with the highest value of 0.481 ppm was found at station 1, while the lowest value of 0.465 ppm was at station 2. It can be concluded that the heavy metal content of Cadmium in snail is an indicator that society activities, especially in agricultural sector, have a negative impact on the environment. Hence, the result of the study is able to be a source of scientific information for environmentally friendly agricultural system management policies, especially in the study site and other location.
Identification of Pests and Diseases on Begonia Plants (Begonia sp) in Sewu Kembang Tourism Village, Karanganyar Adinda Mustika Kurnianingtyas; Inayah Romita Diani; Prayoga Felix Z
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 22 No. 2 (2022): April - June
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v22i2.2979

Abstract

Begonia (Begoniaceae) is one of the large genus in the Angiospermae group, with a distinctive leaf asymmetry. Begonias have considerable economic value and some Begonia plants have potential as medicinal plants and as vegetables. Pests and diseases are one of the problems in the development of Begonia cultivation. This study aims to identify and identify the types of pests and diseases that attack Begonia plants. The location of this research is in the area of ​​Sewu Kembang Tourism Park, Nglurah, Tawangmangu, Karanganyar Regency. This research was carried out from September 4 to October 3, 2021. This research was carried out for 30 days using 10 begonia plant samples. The tools used include a camera to take pictures and stationery to record data. The variables observed were pests and diseases that attack Begonia plants. In this study using direct observation and interviews with begonia plant owners. The data were analyzed by qualitative descriptive. The results of the study found 1 disease, namely nitrogen deficit and 2 pests, namely caterpillars and snails. Which causes damage to the leaves of the Begonia plant where the leaves of the Begonia plant are the attraction of the plant.
Inventory of Rare Fruit in Sibohe Forest of Singkawang City, West Kalimantan Wolly Candramila; Asriah Nurdini Mardiyyaningsih; Yogi Dirgari; Robby Firmansyah; Muhammad Reza
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 22 No. 2 (2022): April - June
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v22i2.3114

Abstract

The location close to urban areas and the rapid rate of decline in area can threaten the diversity of rare fruits in the Sibohe Forest. A re-survey in the Sibohe Forest, Singkawang, West Kalimantan was conducted to confirm reports of the existence of 15 rare fruit plant species collected in 2017-2018 by previous researchers. The inventory process started from collection of specimens carried out during June-July 2021, herbarium making, identification and descriptive data analysis. Based on the similarity of regional names, 13 out of 15 species were confirmed according to the previous reports, while 2 species were not found due to the possibility of out of fruiting season. However, 4 of the 13 confirmed species were identified with different scientific names. Additional survey to the people in Pontianak City aged 17-34 years revealed some different names for the same type of fruit among these four species. Four new plant species were also collected and described in this study including amok (Alpinia sp., Zingiberaceae), nubik (Artocarpus sp., Moraceae), tehengan (Artocarpus sp., Moraceae), and smallest arok (Ficus sp., Moraceae). Potentials and challenges in the inventory of rare fruit plants in the Sibohe Forest should be studied regularly as well as efforts to increase public knowledge and interest, especially for the younger generation. Moreover, recommendation should be made to support conservation activities based on the actual data collected in the field regularly.
Impact of the time of returning soil fertility in the fallow land of Arfak Tribe in West Papua Heru Joko Budirianto; Insar Damopolii
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 22 No. 2 (2022): April - June
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v22i2.3238

Abstract

The Papuan people turn their unproductive land into fallow land. The length of the fallow period needs to be studied to identify its effect on the fertility status of the former plantation land. This study aimed to identify the fertility of the former Arfak tribal gardens based on different fallow periods. This research was conducted in Ayambori Village (two types of land, namely Active Gardens (AK) and ten-year-old fallow land (Br1)), and Bremi (three types of land, namely former cocoa plantations (Br2), primary forest (Br3), and coastal fallow land (Br4)) Manokwari Regency, West Papua Province. Soil samples were taken in each ex-garden land using a soil drill with a depth of 0-20 cm. Soil analysis was carried out at Laboratory. The elements analyzed included pH, Organic C, total N, C/N ratio, available P2O5, potential P2O5, potential K2O, Ca, Mg, K, Na, CEC, KB, Fraction, and soil texture class. The results showed that Br1, Br2, and Br3 fields showed moderate fertility status. On the other hand, AK1 and Br4 fields showed low fertility status. The research concluded that land age did not affect soil fertility status. Soil texture impacts soil fertility, where clay is better than sandy. Further research can examine the influence of microbes on soil fertility in fallow land.
The Comparison of Hemoglobin Levels, Blood Oxygen Saturation, and Breaths Frequency on The Lowlander and Highlander Syamsul Bahri; Lalu Hasan Nasirudin Zohri; Istiqomah Istiqomah; M. Y. Yusuf; Hendra S. Putra
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 22 No. 2 (2022): April - June
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v22i2.3240

Abstract

Geographical conditions affect human physical and physiological conditions, one of the examples is the height of residence that can make the respiratory system different among population groups. This study aims to compare the respiratory system between highlanders and lowlanders in terms of hemoglobin levels, blood oxygen saturation, and breaths frequency. The research model used was a comparative study with a purposive sampling method based on: age criteria with a range of 16-19 years, a minimum of 6 months stayed at the research location, and there is no recorded respiratory system disease. Data analysis used was independent t-test with Shapiro-Wilk prerequisite test for normality and one-way ANOVA for homogeneity, then Mann-Whitney test for follow-up non-parametric test. The results showed that the highlanders generally have oxygen saturation and hemoglobin levels with an average value of 98.81% and 14.69g/dL higher than those in the lowlands with a value of 97.86% and 13.14g/dL. On the other hand, the average value of breath frequency of highlanders is 17.38/minute which tends to be lower than that of lowlanders with 24.17/minute. The prerequisite test showed highlanders oxygen saturation data that were not normally distributed with a significance value of 0.003, then oxygen saturation data and breath frequency were not homogeneous with a significance value of 0.000 and 0.003 respectively. The comparative test showed a significance value of 0.002 for hemoglobin through independent t-test, then obtained asymptomatic significance values ​​of 0.004 and 0.000 for oxygen saturation and breaths frequency through the Mann-Whitney test. Based on the significance value obtained, it can be stated that there are significant differences in hemoglobin levels, oxygen saturation, and breaths frequency per minute between highland and lowland residents. It is recommended to conduct further research on lung capacity and chest cavity index to provide a more holistic explanation of the differences in the respiratory system between highland and lowland residents.
Curcuma longa as a Natural Immunomodulator for Preventing infection from COVID 19 With an In Silico Approach Lely Mauliana; Ahmad Shobrun Jamil; Siti Rofida
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 22 No. 2 (2022): April - June
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v22i2.3281

Abstract

SARS-CoV-2 is a Coronaviridae virus with a single-stranded RNA genome. This virus is highly contagious and spreads rapidly, with mutations occurring at a rapid pace. Various preventive actions have been implemented to prevent the spread of Covid-19 instances. The World Health Organization recommended that everyone clean their hands, masks, and other items in their environment on a frequent basis. As a result of these measures, the virus's transmission will be slowed. Furthermore, keeping one's immune system is critical for limiting the spread of Covid-19. As a result of a weakening immune system, our body's defenses will deteriorate, making us more susceptible to sickness and unable to fight diseases caused by viruses or bacteria. If the immune system is strong, it will recognize and kill viral and bacterial compounds when they are exposed. Immunomodulators, such as natural vitamins and herbs, can help maintain and boost immunity. Indonesia is primarily a farming country. In Indonesia, many different varieties of plants can be grown. Turmeric is an Indonesian medicinal plant that may be found all across the country. Turmeric's ability to act as an immunomodulator has also been proven. As a result, the goal of this study is to determine the usefulness of the active chemicals found in the Curcuma longa plant as a natural immunomodulator in order to avoid mutations of the COVID 19 variation by looking at the background of the current situation. The approach employed in this study is an in silico Molecular Docking test, with the goal of determining the active side of the drug and the value of Binding Affinity from the Docking data. Tissue Pharmacology is used to depict the protein network found in turmeric plants, as well as the substances and diseases that are linked to these proteins. According to the findings, the compound quercetin acts as a ligand for the PIK3CG protein and has a high binding affinity of -7.4. As a result, it can be identified as a substance that acts as a natural immunomodulator in turmeric plants.
Durio zibethinus Murr Extracts as Potential Larvacide Against Anopheles aconitus Donitz and Anopheles maculatus Theobald (Diptera: Culicidae) Silvia Hanna Kusuma Sirait; Insar Damopolii; Regina Valentine Aydalina
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 22 No. 2 (2022): April - June
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v22i2.3313

Abstract

Malaria is endemic in most parts of Indonesia. Anopheles aconitus and Anopheles maculatus are examples of dominant malaria vectors in Indonesia. Plant secondary metabolites can be used as malaria vector control that is safe for the ecosystem, one of which is Durio zibethinus leaves which are thought to have active compounds so that they can be used as botanical larvicides. This study aimed to determine the potency of D. zibethinus leaf extract against An. aconitus and An. maculatus and to determine the concentration, type of extract and content of secondary metabolites of D. zibethinus leaves. Determination of LC50 and LC90 using probit analysis. Maceration and remaceration were used to produce the extract and phytochemical screening to determine the active compound of D. zibethinus. The WHO insecticide bioassay testing procedure was used for the larvicide test. Ethanol extract of D. zibethinus leaf as a larvicide for An. aconitus second and third instar and larvae of An. maculatus second and third instar had LC50 ​​respectively: 480; 520; 510; and 540 ppm and LC90 respectively: 750; 760; 760; and 810 ppm. D. zibethinus leaf aqueous extract as larvicides against larvae of An. aconitus second and third instar and larvae of An. maculatus second and third instar had LC50 values ​​respectively 14,500; 16,400; 22,100; and 23,300 ppm and LC90 respectively, 26,100; 27,200; 30,600; and 33,700 ppm. Ethanol extract of D. zibethinus leaves was more effective as a larvicide. Alkaloid, saponins and tannins were found in the leaves of D. zibethinus through phytochemical screening.
Potential of Ideonella sakaiensis bacteria in Degrading Plastic Waste Type Polyethylene Terephthalate Sherina Juliana; Mia Parhusip; Argoby Simanullang; Elisabeth Tita; Wahyu Irawati
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 22 No. 2 (2022): April - June
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v22i2.3321

Abstract

Polyethylene terephathalate (PET) is a type of plastic content that is commonly is difficult to degrade so that it has an impact on global environmental problems. Plastic waste pollution needs to be overcome by using environmentally friendly methods to accelerate the PET plastic biodegradation process. Biodegradation is the use of microorganism activity to decompose plastic compounds so as to reduce the volume of waste. Ideonella sakaiensis is a bacterium that produces PETase enzymes that play a role in degrading PET. This literature review aims to determine the potential of Ideonella sakaiensis encoding the PETase gene in degrading polyethylene terephathalate plastic waste by discussing three focus studies, namely: 1) the potential of Ideonella sakaiensis, 2) the characteristics of polyethylene terephathalate plastic waste, 3) the relationship between the PETase coding gene and the degradation of polyethylene plastic waste terephathalate. Biodegradation of plastic waste Polyethylene terephathalate using Ideonella sakaiensis which has the potential to degrade PET faster with the PETase enzyme. The biodegradation mechanism carried out involves the process of transforming the PETase coding gene from I. sakaiensis to Escherichia coli bacteria influenced by pH and the effectiveness of the PETase enzyme work until the use of harvested products interacts with Polyethylene terephathalate plastic waste, which decomposes plastic waste. 
Components of Rice Field Ecosystems as a Source of Biology in High School in Dompu District in 2020 Ulfin Juwita; Agil Al Idrus; Mahrus Mahrus
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 22 No. 2 (2022): April - June
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v22i2.3380

Abstract

Rice fields as an ecosystem have two main components, namely abiotic and biotic with the main function of ensuring the survival of organisms and creating a balanced ecosystem. Ecosystem components in an environment can be used as a source of learning Biology. This study aims to find out what are the components of the rice field ecosystem in Indonesia Dompu Regency and assess the characteristics or criteria of ecosystem components rice fields as a source of high school biology learning in Dompu Regency with refers to the 2013 curriculum. This type of research is descriptive exploratory. This research was conducted in Kempo Village, Dompu Regency at 4 points sampling, namely: transect 1 (North), transect 2 (West), transect 3 (South) and transect 4 (East). The sampling technique uses the method square. Collecting data using observation sheets and documentation. The results showed that the biotic component consisted of 15 species and 20192 individuals and the number of abiotic components as many as 5 environmental factors. Mark the average learning resource criteria ( ) for all transects is 3.4 (Category Very Meets the Criteria (SMK) learning resources). Research result concluded that the biotic component consisted of 15 species including Paddy (Oryza sativa), Bamboo grass (Lophatherum gracile), grinting grass (Cynodon dactylon), Patikan kebo (Euphorbia hirta), Earrings (Acalypha australis), Meniran (Phyllanthus urinaria), Urang-aring (Eclipta prostrata), Beluntas (Pluchea indica), Jotang horse (Synedrella nodiflora L.), Ciplukan (Physalis angulata L.), Cucumber (Coccinia grandis), Purslane (Portulaca oleracecea L.), Basil (Ocimum sanctum), Koksi beetle (Epilachna admirabilis) and earthworms (Lumbricus rubellus), while the components of Abiotic consists of 5 elements including temperature, humidity, pH of water, water and soil. The components of the rice field ecosystem in Dompu Regency can be used as high school biology learning resources in the sub-material component of the curriculum ecosystem 2013 with an average value of 3.4 learning resource criteria.
Potential of Siam Weed (Crhomolaena Odorata) as Fertilizer and Liquid Pesticide and Its Applications to Increase Crop Production Jusna Ahmad; Chairunnsah J. Lamangantjo; Wirnangsi D. Uno; Ilyas H. Husain
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 22 No. 2 (2022): April - June
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v22i2.3108

Abstract

Siam weed (Chromolaena odorata) which can be used as fertilizer and vegetable pesticide in liquid form. Siamese weeds are very abundant and we can find them in almost all areas of uncultivated garden land. The purpose of this study was to determine the ability of Siamese weed (C. odorata) as fertilizer and pesticide in liquid form on the growth of horticultural crops. The type of research is experimental as well as quantitative exploratory. Analysis used a randomized block design (RAK), with four treatments and six replications, namely: Treatment K (without Siamese weed fertilizer and pesticide), treatment A (Liquid organic fertilizer for Siamese weeds 20%), treatment B (liquid organic fertilizer for weeds). siam 30 %), and treatment C (liquid organic fertilizer of weedsiam 40%), treatment D (liquid organic fertilizer of weed siam 50%), and treatment E (liquid organic fertilizer of weedsiam 60%), the results obtained were the concentration of liquid organic fertilizer (POC) Siamese weed leaves with a concentration of 60% (treatment E) had a significant effect on the growth of purple eggplant and shallot plants.

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