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Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis

JITKT
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Published by Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

ISSN : - EISSN : 16933834 DOI : -

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

Jurnal ini mempublikasikan artikel asli baik penelitian dasar maupun terapan di bidang ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi kayu, bahan berlignoselulosa bukan kayu, hasil hutan lainnya dan industri hasil hutan.

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Articles 8 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol 7, No 2 (2009): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis" : 8 Documents clear

Karakterisasi Sifat-Sifat Arang Kompos dari Limbah Padat Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guinensis Jack) Characterization of Compost Charcoals Properties from Oil Palm Solid Waste Erlidawati Erlidawati; Abdul G Haji; M. Nasir Mara; Asri Gani; Sarwo Edi; Diana I Sari
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 7, No 2 (2009): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Oil palm solid waste especially fruit and empty bunches are hard to decompose naturally in the environment because fruit bark still contains oil and empty bunches contain cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin with relatively similar levels. In this research, the quality of compost charcoals from raw materials of oil palm solid waste was studied.Oil palm empty bunches were pyrolized in a drum reactor at optimum temperature. Charcoals were milled and mixed with oil palm fruit bark to make compost charcoals by using biodecomposer Dobura1 and EM-4. Compost charcoals were characterized and their qualities were compared with the organic waste compost in accordance with SNI-19-7030-2004.The production of compost charcoals in all treatments in this research indicated that the fluctuating temperatures were changes especially in the first day and in the second day until the fourth day, decreased gradually and then rose again slowly. pH values in all treatments showed a very sharp increase in the first day, except for control that were rose up to the second day, whereas in the third day they all showed a rather sharp decrease, then in the fourth day and forth rose again slowly. The weight shrinkage of compost charcoals in all treatments occurred significantly until the sixty day. Compost charcoals that were produced in all composting treatments fulfilled the compost quality of domestic waste in accordance with SNI-19-7030-2004.

Karakteristik LVL Lengkung dengan Proses Kempa Dingin Characteristic of LVL Bent by Cold Press Process Teguh Darmawan; Wahyu Dwianto; Yusup Amin; Kurnia Wiji Prasetyo; Bambang Subiyanto
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 7, No 2 (2009): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Bending LVL (Laminated Veneer Lumber) is a more effisien method to manufacture bent wood components compare to other methods in raw materials point of view. The Bending LVL was made from Sengon veneers by cold press process with variation of Water Based Polymer-Isocyanate adhesive of 250, 280, 310 g/m2 and bend radius of 200,300, 400 mm. The results showed that the physical properties of Bending LVL made by using Water Based Polymer-Isocyanate adhesive and cold press process was fit with JAS 1639/1986 standard. The optimum adhesive concentration and bend radius was 250 g/m2 and 20 cm, respectively

Tinjauan Penelitian Terkini tentang Pemanfaatan Komposit Serat Alam untuk Komponen Otomotif Review on Current Research on Utilization of Natural Fiber Composites for Automotive Components Subyakto Subyakto; Mohamad Gopar
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 7, No 2 (2009): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Automotive industries now are targeting their components to become “green composites” which are environmentally friendly, renewable, biodegradable, recyclable, light, and strong. Natural fibers have potential to use as substitute for material composites traditionally used by automotive industries such as fiber glass, carbon fiber and aramid that are non renewable, non degradable and non recyclable. Therefore the use of synthetic fibers should be reduced. European End of Live program required that in 2015 all new cars should be recyclable. Composites reinforced with natural fibers will play important role as automotive materials. Some advantages of natural fibers compare to synthetic fibers are renewable, biodegradable, recyclable, non toxic to human and environment, low density, better specific mechanical properties, non abrasive to tools, and lower cost. Utilization of natural fibers can reduced car weight up to 30%, and energy to produce natural fibers is lower compare to glass fibers.Natural fiber resource, their characteristics and current research on their utilization for automotive components were reviewed. Hopefully it will stimulate and raise the research on utilization of natural fibers in Indonesia, especially for high value products such as automotive components

Perlakuan Enzim pada Serpih Kayu Daun Lebar untuk Refiner Mechanical Pulping (RMP) Enzymatic Pretreatment of Hardwood Chips for Refiner Mechanical Pulping (RMP) Process Wawan Kartiwa Haroen
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 7, No 2 (2009): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

The objective of the study is to examine the influence of 10 l/ ton of Xylanase and Lypase pretreatment on biomechanical pulp of Gmelina and Paracerianthes wood chips with Refiner Mechanical Pulping (RMP) process. The result shows that the enzymatically pretreated of chips can save the electrical consumption of the refiner machine up to 30%, while reducing of 45~50% extractives, and significant improvement of the pulp physical properties compared with control. Two stages of P1 and P2 hydrogen proxide pulp bleaching produced pulp brightness of 65~71.9 % ISO and more than 97% yield bleached pulp. Physical properties of the tensile index and burst index testing result of Gmelina and Paracerianthes mechanical pulp sheet are fairly good.

Penetapan Angka Bentuk dan Tabel Berat Rotan (Calamus heteracanthus Zipp dan Korthalsia Zippeli Burret) pada Kondisi Kering Udara Asal Hutan Dataran Rendah Ransiki-Manokwari Fixing Form Number and Weight Table of Rattan (Calamus heteracanthus Zipp and Korthalsia zippeli Burret) on Air Dry Condition from Low Land Forest Ransiki, Manokwari Susan Trida Salosa
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 7, No 2 (2009): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

The purpose of this research is to calculate form number and weight table of two commercial species of rattans (Calamus heteracanthus Zipp and Korthalsia zippeli Burret) on air-dry condition. Observation variables which are used in this research were length, diameter, weight of rattan on fresh and air-dry conditions. Data collected is analized by using statistics to fid mean, standard deviation and interval. The result shows that C. heteracanthus Zipp length, weight and diameter bigger than K. zippeli Burret on fresh and air-dry conditions. The form number of C. heteracanthus Zipp on fresh condition is 0.90 and on air-dry condition is 0.56, where as K. zippeli Burret has form number 0.90 on fresh condition and 0.45 on air-dry condition. Water content of C. heteracanthus Zipp and K. zippeli Burret 0.45 on fresh condition are 101.35% and 146% and on air-dry condition 18.67% and 19.38%. Weight table of both rattans can be applied specifically in low land forest of Ransiki or at any other area, which has similar natural condition with this area.

Isolasi dan Karakterisasi Senyawa Kimia dari Kulit Batang Manggis (Garcinia mangostana Linn) Isolation and Characterization of Chemical Compound from Bark of Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana Linn) Lia Destiarti; Ari Widiyantoro; Elvi Rusmiyanto; Maryati Maryati; Harlia Harlia; Ratu Safitri; Unang Supratman
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 7, No 2 (2009): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

The purpose of this research is to isolate and characterize chemical compound from bark of mangosteen. Bark of mangosteen was macerated with methanol. The extract from that process was fractionated with n-hexane, methylen chloride, and ethyl acetate. Ethyl acetate fraction was separated and purified by vacuum column chromatography, gravitation column chromatography, and preparative thin layer chromatography. The relative pure compound was afforded from ethyl acetate fraction of mangosteen bark (8.5 mg) resulting from 1.5 kg of mangosteen bark. The yellow amorphous powder of compound melts at 114 ~ 116ºC (uncorrected). The purity of compounds was tested by 1 and 2 dimension thin layer chromatography which gave one spot on TLC plate. The ultraviolet-visible (in CH3OH solvent) spectrum showed absorption maximum at 318 nm (sinamoyl group/band I), 258 (shoulder), and 243 nm (benzoyl group/band II). Addition of NaOH caused batochromic shift of band I and band II predicted as two hydroxyl at C-4’ and C-7, respectively. The infrared spectrum displayed absorption bands of OH stretching at 3436 cm-1, C-H stretching at 2920 cm-1, C=O stretching at 1631 cm-1, C-O-C stretching at 1094 cm-1, and C-H aromatics bending at 970-800 cm-1. A molecular ion in the FABMS at m/z 271.36 [M+H] + was consistent for the molecular formula C15H10O5. The 1H NMR spectrum showed characteristic resonances of a flavone. Based on the result of phytochemical test and analysis of the spectrum, it is predicted that the compound belongs to flavone, a kind of flavonoids which has hydroxyl at C-5, C-7, and C-4.

Sifat Fisik dan Mekanik Kayu Bisbul (Diospyros blancoi A.DC.) The Physical and Mechanical Properties of Bisbul Wood (Diospyros blancoi A.DC.) Abdurachman Abdurachman
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 7, No 2 (2009): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Bisbul (Diospyros blancoi A.DC.) signifies as one of the wood species that belong to the streaked Ebony. InIndonesia, this species prevalently grows in Sumatera andWest Java. The branch-free stem of this species when reaching over 25 years can reach about 5 m in height and 30 cm in diameter. It is categorized as dense wood with dark color, which gradually appears like Eben wood. This wood usually finds much uses as handcraft and merchant items.This research aimed to look into characteristic and uses of Bisbul wood through laboratory-scale testing on its physical and mechanical properties. This examined wood species was originated from the community-owned forest situated inBogorregency. The wood samples were taken from three height positions at branch-free Bisbul tree stems (i.e. top, middle, and butt portions) and from three lateral portions (sapwood, heartwood, and pitch), and then prepared to specimens measuring 2 cm by 2 cm in cross-section area. Each of the combination between such height and lateral-depth positions was replicated three times. The tested physical and mechanical properties covered specific gravity, moisture content, shrinkage, static bending, compressive strength parallel to the grain, shear, tensile parallel to the grain, and impact bending.Results revealed that based on moisture content and specific gravity, Bisbul wood belongs to medium density and floats on the water. Its radial (R) and tangential (T) shrinkages were categorized as medium in the range of 0.92 ~ 2.74% and 2.26 ~ 4.04%, respectively with T/R ratio somewhat less than 2, indicating that the wood was unstable due to moisture changes. Air-dry moisture content at various height and depth positions ranged about 14 ~ 16%, but the density decreased moving from the top, middle, to butt portions. The density at top, middle, and butt portions was consecutively 0.756 ~ 0.806 g/cm3, 0.710 ~ 0.805 g/cm3, and 0.672 ~ 0.716 g/cm3. Based on the examined mechanical properties, Bisbul wood belonged to strength class II ~ I at the butt and middle portion, and to class III ~ II to top portion

Pengaruh Lama dan Suhu Aktivasi Terhadap Kualitas dan Struktur Kimia Arang Aktif Bagasse Effect of Time and Temperature Activation on Quality and Chemical Structure of Bagasse Activated Charcoal Wawan Sujarwo
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 7, No 2 (2009): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

The aim of this research was to determine the effect of time and temperature activation on the quality and chemical structure of bagasse activated charcoal. The study was designed in a completely random design with 3 x 3 factorial, each treatment was 5 times repeated. Bagasse was carbonized in an electrical retort at 400oC for 3.5 hours, then activated at 800oC, 900oC and 1000oC for 30, 60 and 90 minutes at each temperature. The quality of bagasse activated charcoal showed that the yield was 72.57 ~ 91.78%, 5.90 ~ 9.58% moisture content, 39.70 ~ 52.70% volatile matter, 18.40 ~ 25.30% ash content, 26.30 ~ 36.70% fixed carbon, 8.44 ~ 13.40% benzena adsorption, 1036.18 ~ 1474.33 (mg/g) iodium adsorption, 121.91 ~ 124.80 (mg/g) methylene blue adsorption. The surface area of bagasse activated charcoal was 250.45 m2/g. The FTIR analysis indicated that surface of bagasse activated charcoal contained bonding of C-X, S═O, C-N, N-H and C═C. The SEM analysis showed that there were wide pore diameter and plenty of pores. The application of bagasse activated charcoal at two villages reduced the colour, turbidity and iron contents until 65%, 30% manganese contents while hardness of water and pH did not change

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