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Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis

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Published by Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

ISSN : - EISSN : 16933834 DOI : -

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

Jurnal ini mempublikasikan artikel asli baik penelitian dasar maupun terapan di bidang ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi kayu, bahan berlignoselulosa bukan kayu, hasil hutan lainnya dan industri hasil hutan.

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Articles 316 Documents

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Sifat Ketahanan Api Lima Jenis Kayu dengan Pelapisan Carbon Phenolic Spheres (CPS) yang Diuji dengan Cone Calorimeter Fire Resistance Properties of Five Wood Species Laminated with Carbon Phenolic Spheres (CPS) Tested by Cone Calorimeter Subyakto Subyakto; Wahyu Dwianto
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 2, No 1 (2004): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

In all aspects of wood utilization their fire resistance properties are very important; therefore efforts to enhance those properties are needed. In the previous study, graphite phenolic spheres (GPS) laminated on woods and plywood enhanced their fire properties. Carbon phenolic spheres (CPS) is a new material made from a mixture of wood char and phenolic resin, this material is cheaper than GPS. In the present experiment, CPS sheet was laminated on five wood species and their fire resistance properties were evaluated using cone calorimeter.　The five wood species are randu (Bombax ceiba L.), angsana (Pterocarpus indicus Jacq.), mindi (Melia azedarach L.), puspa (Schima wallichii DC Korth), and mahoni (Swietenia mahagony L. Jacq). The specimen was 100 mm x 100 mm with thickness of 30 mm tested with cone calorimeter in accordance with ISO 5660 standard. Using cone calorimeter a homogenous heat was exposed to the surface of wood specimen, and ignited with igniter. About 1 mm thick of CPS sheet was laminated on the wood surface (100 mm x 100 mm). Specimen was tested at horizontal position and at heat flux of 40 kW/m2. On the unexposed wood surface, thermocouple was attached to measure increases of temperature. Results showed that five species of wood laminated with CPS have higher fire properties compared with control wood, however compared with woods laminated with GPS those results were lower.

Lateral Design Value (Z) for Various Double Shear Multi-Nailed Wood Connections with Steel Side Plates Sucahyo Sadiyo
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 8, No 2 (2010): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Experiments were conducted to analyze the lateral design value (Z) for double shear wood connections using multiple nails with steel side plates of seven different Indonesian tropical wood species under uniaxial compression loading. Results showed variations in average wood moisture content (MC) for nail connections, the lowest in Kempas to the highest in Bornean Super wood. Whereas for average specific gravity (SG), density (ρ), allowable load compressive stress parallel to grain (Ftk//) and tensile stress parallel to grain (Ftr//), the lowest was in Meranti merah and highest in Bangkirai wood. Values for Ftk//, Ftr// and Z tent to be proportional to the wood’s SG or ρ. Ftr// values were 1.5 to 2 times higher than Ftk//. Pattern or parallel line distribution of average Z values among the experiments was relatively similar. The highest Z value was obtained by 5.2 mm nail followed by 5.5 mm nail for all experiments, except experiment-I (theoretical) and experiment II-B (EC5 2007). Generally, the number of nails did not provide significant effect (relatively uniform) on the average Z value double shear connections.

Larvicide Activity of Teak Wood Powder and Its Extract to Dengue Fever Mosquito Deded S Nawawi; Anne Carolina; Cahyo Werdiningsih
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 12, No 2 (2014): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Dengue fever is transmitted to human by Aedes aegypti mosquito. Tectoquinone of teakwood extractives could be developed as natural larvicide for the mosquito due to its antifungal and insecticidal activities. However, larvicidal activities of Indonesian teak wood extract have not been investigated to a greater exten. In the present works, the larvicidal activity of teak wood extract and wood powder against fourth-instar larvae of A. aegypti was examined for different concentration of 2-methylanthraquinone based. Heartwood sample of 45 year old tree from East Java was used for the experiment. Isolation of extractives was carried out with ethanol: toluene (1:1 v/v). The concentration of 2-methylanthraquinone of the extract was determined by Pyr-Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (Pyr-GC-MS). Larvacidal activity was expressed as a mortality of larva and lethal concentration (LC50 and LC90). The 2-methylanthraquinone was conformed as the main compound of teak wood extract. Teak wood extract was an effective larvicide against A. aegypti larvae. The LC50 and LC90 of the extract were found at 7.99 and 11.87 μg ml-1 of 2-methylanthraquinone, respectively. Higher lethal concentration was required by wood powder, i.e. with LC50 and LC90 of 849.30 μg ml-1 and 1051.10 μg ml-1, respectively.Keywords: Aedes aegypti, extractives, larvicide, Tectona grandis, tectoquinone

Gluability of Two Veneer Thickness Following Microwave Heat Gun Drying wahyudi wahyudi
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 6, No 1 (2008): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Faster drying, higher in drying rate and uniformity in moisture of dried veneer are key factors in assessing successful wood veneer drying. Microwave drying differs from conventional drying in the way that microwave energy causes excitation and friction (dissociation) of water molecules or water in wood, which manifest itself as heat. It is superior penetration and can enhance the rate of moisture evaporation. Heat gun is employed to absorb evaporated wood water from being humid. In contrast to microwave drying, conventional drying relies on heat conduction from outer surface wood layers towards the inner layers; so that the thicker the wood cross-section the slower the rate of evaporation. Successful wood drying are determined by faster drying, higher drying rate and uniformity in final moisture content. One of key factors in assessing further veneer drying is veneer gluability, which can be evaluated using percentage of wood failure and glueline shear strength. This research is aimed to investigate the effect of microwave heat gun drying on veneer gluability, using percentage of wood failures and glueline shear strength test as estimators. Three treatments were employed, plywood made of microwave heat gun, conventional and mixed dried-veneers, using ten replicates. The results indicated that no difficulties were found in gluing dried veneer, either pure microwave, conventional or mixed dried veneers. Surprisingly, it is also reported that microwave heat gun drying result in better veneer gluability.

Antifungal Activities of Certain Components of Teak Wood Extractives Ganis Lukmandaru
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 11, No 1 (2013): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

The present research was aimed to evaluate the antifungal activities of teak (Tectona grandis) extracts and their components against Trametes versicolor, Fomitopsis palustris, Rhizopus oryzae, Cladosporium cladosporioides, and Chaetomium globosum. In this study, wood meal of 72 years old teak heartwood was successively refluxed with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol. Bioassay-guided investigation by measuring the growth rate of each fungus on potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium led to the fractionation of n-hexane soluble extract. Column chromatographic fractionations resulted in the isolation of tectoquinone, deoxylapachol, squalene and an unknown compound (C1). The n-hexane and EtOAc extracts were potent mycelial growth inhibitors for R. oryzae (76-78%) and C. cladosporioides (65-73%), while MeOH extract had higher antifungal activities against both T. versicolor (80.2%) and C. globosum (83.3%). In the compound levels, the results were varied, in which deoxylapachol could inhibit all fungi species except for the C. globosum, while tecquinone merely deterred the growth of R. oryzae (58.9%). Squalene and C1 were growth inhibitors to C. cladosporioides (50-63%).Key words: antifungal activities, deoxylapachol, extractive, Tectona grandis, tectoquinone

Effects of Several Synthesis Conditions on Bond Strength of Plywood Adhered with Natural Rubber Latex – Styrene Adhesive Euis Hermiati; Widya Fatriasari; Faizatul Falah
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 4, No 1 (2006): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

This report discusses the effects of synthesis conditions on bond strength of plywood adhered with natural rubber latex - styrene adhesive. Synthesis variables observed were catalyst (with and without catalyst), pre-stirring (0 and 3 hours) and heating time (1 and 2 hours). Three-ply plywood samples were prepared from Albizia (Paraserianthes falcataria) and Red meranti (Shorea, sp.) veneers and their gluability were evaluated in accordance to Indonesian Standard (SNI 01-2704-1992). The results revealed that synthesis conditions (i.e. catalyst, pre-stirring and heating time) did not significantly influence the bond strength of plywood. Natural rubber latex – styrene adhesive is very appropriate as adhesive for Red meranti plywood. Nevertheless, it can be used as limited interior application for Albizia plywood. An addition of 10% phenol formaldehyde (PF) in natural rubber latex - styrene adhesive slightly improved the exterior type bond strength of Red meranti plywood

Potensi Ekstrak Tanin Daun dan Kulit Batang Surian sebagai Penghambat α-Glukosidase (Tannin Extract Potential of Surian Leafand Bark as α-Glucosidase Inhibitor) Fitriana S Monisa; Maria Bintang; Mega Safithri; Syamsul Falah
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 14, No 2 (2016): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

The purpose of the study was to know the inhibition activity surian leaves and bark tannin to α-glucosidase by in vitro method. Leaves and bark of surian was extracted with water and ethanol 70% solvent using infundation and maceration methods. Tannin was tested with phytochemical analysis and activity of inhibition to α-glucosidase with a microplate reader at a wavelength of 410 nm. The yield of tannins extract from leaves sample were 65.46% and 66.12% by water and ethanol 70% solvents, respectively, as well as 83.34% and 90.29% were obtained from bark sample. Water and ethanol extract of surian leaves and bark contain flavonoids, triterpenoids, tannins and saponins. Leaves tannin consist mainly hydrolyzable tannin, i.e. galat and gallotanin/ellagotanin, however, bark tannin consist of condensed tannin (catechol). Total tannin content of ethanol and water extract were 9.35 and 7.61 mg g-1 for bark sample, and 6.24 and 5.20 mg g-1 for leaves sample. Inhibition activity test showed that ethanol extract of leaves sample exhibited the highest inhibition activity (IC50=50.44 μg ml-1) and water extract of leaves sample was smallest (IC50=183.22 μg ml-1).

Teak Extracts as a Delignification Catalyst of Soda Pulping Deded S Nawawi; Suyono Suyono; Anjar A Widyorini
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 9, No 2 (2011): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Teak wood (Tectona grandis) extracts which contain mainly 2-methylanthraquinone (natural MAQ) was utilized as an aditif of modified soda pulping. Dissolution of lignin and polysaccharides during initial delignification stage of cooking at 120 oC for 60 min, were analized. The additions of extracts were 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, and 0.20% of MAQ equivalent. Teak extracts play as a catalyst of delignification and polysaccharides stabilization, efectively. By addition of teak extract, the delignfication selectivity during initial stage of soda pulping increased significantly, even; it was much more effective than that of commercial anthraquinone. Accordingly, teak extracts which consist of 2-methylanthraquinone seems to be promising natural aditif for the alkaline pulping.Key words: delignification, soda pulping, teak extract, tectoquinone

Compressive Properties of Tropical Natural Fibers Reinforced Epoxy Polymer Composites Jauhar Fajrin
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 14, No 2 (2016): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Fiber reinforced plastics composites are particularly valued for their high tensile strength. Other mechanical properties, especially compressive strength is often overlooked during the characterization process. In fact, the comparatively low compression strength of some composite reduces their promising application. This paper presents the experimental investigation on the compressive strength of epoxy polymer composites reinforced by natural fibers of sisal, jute, hemp and bamboo grown in tropical area. The natural fiber composites were prepared using vacuum bagging method and the fibers were treated with alkali treatment prior to further processing. The results showed that the average values of compressive strength obtained in this work ranged from 31.69 MPa to 86.64 MPa. Those results indicate that the obtained compressive strength of natural fibers composites investigated in this research were comparable to the results of previous work, which ranged from from 16.75 MPa to 108.07 MPa.

Physical and Mechanical Properties of 10-Year Old Superior and Conventional Teak Planted in Randublatung Central Java Indonesia Fanny Hidayati; Joko Sulistyo; Ganis Lukmandaru; Tomy Listyanto; Harry Praptoyo; Rini Pujiarti
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 13, No 1 (2015): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Tree breeding program has been conducted in Indonesia in order to produce more productive teak trees. Recently, from this program, superior clones (clone source) of teak have been selected for the establishment of the wider plantations. These clones show a good performance on growth characteristics such as stem diameter and tree height. However, it is important to evaluate wood quality of selected superior teak. Physical (heartwood percentage, wood color, basic density, and shrinkage per 1% change in moisture content) and mechanical (static bending strength and compressive strength) properties were investigated for 10-year old of two sources type of teak (superior and conventional) planted in Randublatung, Central Java, Indonesia. There was not significant different between superior and conventional teak was found in all physical and mechanical properties of both teak wood, suggesting that wood properties of both teak are similar at the same age. All trees are in juvenile phase as show by increasing of basic density from pith to bark. Basic density has positively correlation with all mechanical properties measured. It can be said that basic density can be used to estimate mechanical properties.Keywords: conventional teak, mechanical properties, physical properties, superior teak

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