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Aquacultura Indonesiana

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Published by Universitas Diponegoro

ISSN : 02160749 EISSN : 24776939 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science,

Earth & Planetary Sciences

Aquacultura Indonesiana (AI) is publishes original and peer-reviewed, English language papers concerned with culture of aquatic plants and animals. Subjects approriate for this journal would include, but not necessarily be limited to, nutrition, diseases, genetics and breeding, physiology, environmental quality, culture system enginering. husbandry practices, and economics and marketing. Fragmentary reports will not be considered for publication; coherent research should be published in a single paper. Preliminary studies, simple case reports, baseline data, parasite host or range extentions, and other such curiosities will not be considered for publication in the journal.

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Articles 83 Documents

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Evaluation on the Application of Stratified Double Net Cages for Freshwater Fish Aquaculture: Macrobenthic Assemblages as Bioindicator P. Putro, Sapto; Sudaryono, Agung; Widowati, Widowati; Suhartana, Suhartana
Aquacultura Indonesiana Vol 15, No 1 (2014): Volume 15 Issue 1 Year 2014
Publisher : Indonesian Aquaculture Society (MAI)

Various designs of floating fish cages have been developed by the fishermen, both for applications on the rivers, reservoirs, coastal areas, offshore and lakes. In order to optimise the ecological use of Lake Rawapening as fish farming area, it is necessary to change the design of cages as well as farming practice. The development of design of floating net cage has been done using Stratified Double Net Cages (SDNC), and it is considered to be one of the best alternatives to solve the problem. The aims of this study were to evaluate the application of Stratified Double Net Cages (SDNC) based on macrobenthic assemblages to assess the potential environmental impact caused by farming activities using SDNC. The results were compared to the reference areas, which were 1 (one) km away from the farming zones.This study was carried out at the ficinity areas of two SDNC. The cages were operated by fisherman groups of Ngudi Makmur and Rukun Santosa, located on the water column of Lake Rawapening, close to Asinan District, Central Java. The results showed that the composition of species macrobenthic assemblages between farming sites and control sites were different both in number and compotition, indicating the initial stage of disturbance caused by organic enrichment due to farming actitivites. The study provides important implications for the arrangement of Stratified Double Net Cage (SDNC) activities at Lake Rawapening, both in density and ordinate position in order to maintain the ecological function of this lake.

Effect of Different Stocking Densities on Growth and Survival Rates of Sea Cucumber Holothuria scabra Seedlings Serang, Abdul Malik; Tua Rahantoknam, Santi Penina; Tomatala, Pitjont
Aquacultura Indonesiana Vol 17, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Indonesian Aquaculture Society (MAI)

As sea cucumber, Holothuria scabra is one of the fishery commodities which have high economic value, this species now is under overexploited. Sea cucumber aquaculture should be developed urgently. This research was conducted to evaluate the effects of stocking densities on the growth and survival rates of sea cucumber. This research was carried out by using pen culture with 5 – 9 cm in length or 30 – 50 g of seedlings. The sea cucumber was reared with stocking densities of 15 (treatment A), 20 (treatment B) and 25 individual/m2 (treatment C) in triplicates. The observation of growth and survival rates were done every two week. The water quality was measured every three day. The result indicated that the growth and survival rates was higher in treatment A than treatments B and C.

Optimalization of Bioconversion Prosess of Palm Kernel Cake For Production Maggot Hermetia Illucens as A Source of Animal Protein in Fish Farming Bokau, Rietje J.M; Witoko, Pindo
Aquacultura Indonesiana Vol 18, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Indonesian Aquaculture Society (MAI)

The process of bioconversion of palm kernel cake (PCK) for the production of Black Soldier Fry larva biomass as a fish feed can be improved by fermentation process. The purpose of this research was to determine the amount of biomass production and nutritional content of maggot as a result of bioconversion fermented palm kernel cake (PCK) by using probiotic. PCK used in this research were obtained from one of palm processing industry (PTP VII Lampung). Fermentation process was using microbes (probiotics) amount of 0% (F0), 3% (F3), 4% (F4), and 5% (F5) in 1 liter of water, then it's mixed with PKC to help fermentation process. Each treatment was using 3 replication. The fermentation process was done in a 3 liters volume of bucket covered by perforated black plastic/trash bag to avoid the heat by light and the rainwater. The buckets were prepared, placed and stored in a cool and humid place by using a bamboo/wooden racks. If the media was prepared, Black Soldier Fly (BSF) insect would automatically come and lay its eggs on it.. Observations were made within 2 weeks after the media were prepared and then harvested 3 times during one week. The biomass of harvested maggot were clasified into 3 group of size, they are <1cm, 1-1.5cm, and >1.5cm, then the weight were measured. The result showed that the fermented media did not give any affect for the biomass of maggot, but had an effect on the maggot nutrition. The biomass of maggot in the treatment F0 (control) was not significantly different from treatment F3 (3%) (p>0.05), while the higher dose of probiotic (F4 and F5) were lower than control. The proximate composition of maggot showed that crude protein and fat parameter were significantly different for every stage of fermentation treatment. Treatment F3 has the highest crude protein and significantly different from F0 and F5 (p<0.05), while the fat contents decreasing significantly at higher fermentation dose. Likewise, the total amino acid, in fermentation F3 was significantly higher compared to control and other treatments. Thus, the dose of fermentation (probiotic in water) 3% for the PKC was optimal to produce biomass and nutritional content of maggot.

Effect of Predigested Artificial Diet Using Papain Enzyme on the Degree of Protein Hydrolysis and Protease Enzyme Activity of Mud Crab (Scylla olivacea) Larvae at Zoea 2 and 3 Stages Haryati, Haryati; Fujaya, Yushinta; Saade, Edison
Aquacultura Indonesiana Vol 19, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Indonesian Aquaculture Society (MAI)

The ability of mud crab (Scylla olivacea) larvae to digest artificial diet depends on the availability of digestive enzyme. To enhance the larvaes capability to utilize artificial diet can be conducted by adding exogenous enzyme to the diet.The aim of this research was to determine the dose of papain enzyme and stadia of predigest artificial diet that produced the best degree of protein hydrolysis and protease enzyme activity. Completely randomized designwas used to evaluate the effect of papain enzyme dose on the degree of protein, with four treatment and three replications, namely the doses of 0.0%, 1.5%, 3.0%, and 4.5%. Factorial pattern with the completely randomized design was used to evaluate the effect of papain enzyme dose and the proper predigest artificial feeding stage on the activity of protease enzyme. The first factor was the papain enzyme dose (0.0%, 1.5%, 3.0%, and 4.5%), while second factor was the stadia of larvae when it is fed with predigested artificial diet (zoea 2 and zoea 3 stadia). The research showed that the difference of papain enzyme dose provides real effect on degree of protein hydrolysis either on JP 0 or JP 1 diet brands (P<0.05). Degree of protein hydrolysis of the diet predigested with 0.0% papain enzyme was the lowest and has real difference (P<0.05) with the 1.5%, 3.0% and 4.5% doses. Degree of protein hydrolysis on 3% dose of papain enzyme does not provide real difference with the 4.5%, namely 19.753% and 22.890% respectively in JP 0, 18.707 % and 20.430 % in JP 1, but has real difference (P<0.05) with 1.5% doses. The difference papain enzyme dose and stadia of predigest artificial diet as well as the interaction between both of them had significant effect (p<0.05) on the activity of protease enzyme. On the larvae of zoea 2 stadia, the activity of protease enzyme on the larvae fed with predigest artificial diet starting from zoea 2 stadia with 3.0% and 4.5% papain enzyme dose or those still fed with natural diet does not provide real difference, but is higher and provides real difference than 0% and 1.5% doses. On the larvae of zoea 3 stadia, the activity of protease enzyme to the larvae fed with artificial diet starting from zoea 2 with 0% and 1.5% papain enzyme doses, and those fed with artificial diet starting from zoea 3 stadia with 0% papain enzyme dose does not provide real difference (p>0.05) but is lower and provides real difference than other treatments. Protease enzyme activity on the larvae fed with predigest artificial diet using 4.5% papain enzyme starting at zoea 2 stadia , was not significantly different (P <0.05) compared to larvae fed artificial diet which was predigest with 0.0%, 1.5%, 3.0 and 4.5 papain enzyme started at Zoea 3. Based on the degree of protein hydrolysis, papain enzymes can be used to hydrolyze artificial diet in doses ranging from 3.0% to 4.5%. Based on the activity of protease enzymes, mud crab larvae (Scylla olivacea) predigested artificial diet using 4.5% papain enzyme can be provided to the larvae starting from zoea 2 stadia.

Detection of Antibiotic Residues from Shrimp Pond and Their Environment in East Java Province Indonesia Suprapto, Hari; Sulmartiwi, L.; Sudarno, Sudarno
Aquacultura Indonesiana Vol 16, No 1 (2015): Volume 16 Issue 1 Year 2015
Publisher : Indonesian Aquaculture Society (MAI)

Indonesia shrimp products are often rejected by foreign countries due to high antibiotic content, whereas a few years ago Japan and European countries are set 0.05 ppb permitted to consume by the people, but now the restriction will be smaller is 0.01 ppb. Some farmer was stopped to use antibiotics but the residues still found in fish flesh. Possible origins antibiotics are environment because are antibiotic residues still exist in the mud, water organism which lived in pond. Samples originating from shrimp, mud, water and other biota will be examined according to the method of Thomson (1966) of the Pfizer Corporation and the Association of Official Analytical Chemist (Horwitz, 1980). The purpose of this study was to determine the origin of antibiotic present in the cultivation or farming system that does not use antibiotics in shrimp production.: a. Antibiotics obtained from ponds in the Tuban area is 1.8 ppm (mud), 0.8 ppm (water) and 2.1 (biota). b. a. Antibiotics obtained from ponds in Gresik were 0.6 ppm (mud), 0.3 ppm (water) and 1.2 (biota). c. Antibiotics obtained from ponds in the area of Situbondo are 0.3 ppm (mud), 0.1 ppm (water) and 0.6 (biota). d. a. Antibiotics obtained from ponds in the area are 0.3 ppm Probolinggo (mud), 0.2 ppm (water) and 0.6 ppm (biota).

The Efficacy of Organic Zinc Amino Acid Complex(AvailaZn®) on Growth Performance and Immunity of Pangasius Catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) Jintasataporn, Orapint; Ward, Terry; Kattakdad, Supalug
Aquacultura Indonesiana Vol 15, No 2 (2014): Volume 15 Issue 2 Year 2014
Publisher : Indonesian Aquaculture Society (MAI)

The efficacy of organic zinc amino acid complex(AvailaZn®) on growth performance and immunity of Pangasius catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) was assigned in CRD with 4 treatments and 5 replicates. The treatments were control with inorganic zinc 100 ppm (T1) and the other two treatments of zinc 100 ppm at different proportion of inorganic zinc : organic zinc 70:30 (T2) and 40:60(T3) and the treatment of only organic zinc 50 ppm (T4; 50% of control). Pangasius catfish with average weight of 209 g. were stocked in 1,000 liter fiber tanks at the density of 15 fishes per tank and fed treatment diets 3% of body weight twice daily for three months. The results indicated that there were statistical difference (p<0.05) on growth performance in term of body weigh and specific growth rate of Pangasius catfish fed diet supplemental organic zinc at different levels were higher (P<0.05) than group of inorganic control(T1). The specific growth rate were 0.89, 1.20, 1.16 and 1.27 %/ in T1, T2, T3 and T4, respectively. Feed conversion ratio were not significantly different(p=0.08) and protein efficiency ratio also were not significantly different(p=0.09). White blood cell count, serum protein, immunoglobulin (IgM), hemoglobin, and super oxide anion in group of zinc amino acid complex were better (p<0.05) than group of inorganic control(T1). Therefore, using zinc amino acid complex(AvailaZn®) in Pangasius catfish diet can enhance catfish growth performance (p<0.05) and decrease zinc level in the catfish diet by 50% of using inorganic zinc. Supplementation zinc amino acid complex(AvailaZn®) in Pangasius catfish diet is recommended at the level of 50 ppm for organic mineral and 100 ppm for the proportion of organic and inorganic 70:30 ppm.

Utilization of Anadara granosa as a Liming Materials for Swamp Fish Ponds for Pangasius sp Culture Jubaedah, Dade; Marsi, Marsi; Rizki, Rani Ria
Aquacultura Indonesiana Vol 18, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Indonesian Aquaculture Society (MAI)

Availability of water in swamp areas is abandon almost throughout the year, therefore these areas are potential for aquaculture development. However, the characteristics of swamp water is mainly acid water, therefore, it becomes mayor problems in swamp fish culture development. Liming of ponds is intended to increase pH value of soil and water of fish ponds. A. granosa shells is one of domestic waste containing of 61.16% CaO and 21.65% MgO, therefore it can be used as an alternative material for liming of fish ponds. The aims of this research was to evaluate the potency of lime derived from A. granosa shells to raise soil’s and water’s pH, and to evaluate its effect to survival and growth of Pangasius sp. The research was conducted and arranged based upon completely randomized design with five treatments and three replications. The treatments used consisted of different dosages of lime, namely : P1) 1 ton/ha; P2) 2 ton/ha; P3) 3 ton/ha; P4) 4 ton/ha and P5) 5 ton/ha of lime equivalent to CaO. The results showed that both the soil and water reach a neutral pH at a dosage of 2 ton/ha (P2), 3 ton/ha (P3), 4 ton/ha and 5 ton/ha. The dosage of 5 ton/ha (P5) was the best treatments among all treatments, with a highest survival rate (100%), absolute growth of fish lenght (9.35 cm) and weight (40.69 g), as well as feed efficiency (110.97%).

Growth and Carrageenan Yield of Cultivated Kappaphycus alvarezii (Doty) in Deep Seawater Area of Saparua Bay, Central Maluku Wenno, Petrus A; Latumahina, Matheus Ch.A; Loupatty, Sven R.; Soumokil, Agustina W.; Jamal, Endang
Aquacultura Indonesiana Vol 19, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Indonesian Aquaculture Society (MAI)

Cultivation of Kappaphycus alvarezii has been carried out by inverted pyramid method in the deep water of Saparua Bay. This study aims to analyze the daily growth rates, biomass productions and carrageenan yields of the green and brown strain of K. alvarezii with different depth of water by inverted pyramid method in deep seawaters. K. alvarezii with an initial weight of 100 g were planted successively at the depths of 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 m during four growing seasons that last for 49 days in every season. The results showed that the highest growth rate and biomass production were on green strain at 1 m depth and brown strain at 3 m depth which were 4.18% and 749.29 g/m2 then 4.19% and 754.51 g/m2, respectively. While the highest carrageenan yield was on the green and brown strain at 9 m depth which were 16.53% and 14.85%, respectively. The carrageenan yields gradually increase with the increasing of water depths which contradict to growth rate and biomass production that showed the better results at lower depths (1 and 3 m). In conclusion, seaweed cultivation in deep waters has a positive impact on carrageenan yields in line with the increasing depths while the growth rate and the biomass production can be achieved higher at the lower depth.

A STELLA Model for Evaluating the Efficiency of Integrated Multi Trophic Aquaculture System (IMTA) Kambey, Cicilia; Chung, Ik Kyo
Aquacultura Indonesiana Vol 16, No 2 (2015): Volume 16 Issue 2 Year 2015
Publisher : Indonesian Aquaculture Society (MAI)

There has been ever increasing interest in Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture System (IMTA) to encourage developing environmentally friendly aquaculture, which combines fed aquaculture with extractive aquaculture in proximity. IMTA can minimize the environmental impacts of conventional monoculture aquaculture farms while expanding their economic base. To evaluate the efficiency of IMTA system, we applied the dynamic STELLA modeling in terms of nitrogen content of each component. Consequently we may develop potential strategic guidelines of IMTA implementation which may increase the managing and predictive capability and the social acceptability of the system.Keywords: STELLA modeling; IMTA; Nitrogen; Fish; Bivalve; Seaweed; Sea Cucumber

The Effectiveness of Ascidian Didemnum molle Extracts as Antibactery Vibrio harveyi on Tiger Shrimp (Penaeus monodon) Christin Jelita, Christin Jelita; Bachtiar, Eri; Liviawaty, Evi
Aquacultura Indonesiana Vol 15, No 2 (2014): Volume 15 Issue 2 Year 2014
Publisher : Indonesian Aquaculture Society (MAI)

This research studied the effectiveness of Ascidian Didemnum molle extracts as curative for bacteria Vibrio harveyi infection in tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon). The purpose of the research was to find out the effective concentration of antibacterial compound Ascidians Didemnum molle to curative the infection of bacteria Vibrio harveyi in tiger shrimp. The Ascidians Didemnum molle which were used in this research was originated from Kepulauan Seribu waters. Ascidians Didemnum molle collected by 3.5 kg with an average size of 5-15 cm per individual. The research was conducted from September to December 2013 at the Biotechnology Laboratory and Aquaculture Laboratory of the Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Padjadjaran University. The method which was used in this research was a laboratory experimental method such as phytochemical test, extraction, anti-Vibrio harveyi activity test, LC50 test and chalenge test. Descriptive analysis was used in this research. Based on the anti-Vibrio harveyi activity test, it could be concluded that Ascidian Didemnum molle extract had potential as an antibacterial for Vibrio harveyi, which indicated by inhibition zones as 11.1 mm at a concentration of 1,000 mg/L. The result of EPA Probit analysis on LC50 test, with 48-hours of observation, determine 387 mg/L as a safe extract concentration for tiger shrimp. The chalenge test showed that treatment D with concentration of 290.25 mg/L was effective to be used as treatment for tiger shrimp that were infected by Vibrio harveyi bacteria solution of density 106 CFU/ mL, with the highest survival rate was 51.7%.

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