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HAYATI Journal of Biosciences

hayati
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Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor

ISSN : 19783019 EISSN : 20864094 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences

HAYATI Journal of Biosciences (HAYATI J Biosci) publishes articles and short communication in tropical bioscience fields such as development, biotechnology, biodiversity and environmental issues. HAYATI J Biosci covers wide range of all life forms topics including virus, microbes, fungi, plants, animal and human. HAYATI J Biosci has been also indexed/registered in Crossref, DOAJ, CABI, EBSCO, Agricola and ProQuest.

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Articles 10 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol. 27 No. 1 (2020): January 2020" : 10 Documents clear

Localization of Alkaloid and Other Secondary Metabolites in Cinchona ledgeriana Moens: Anatomical and Histochemical Studies on Fresh Tissues and Cultured Cells Dian Rahma Pratiwi; Yohana Caecilia Sulistyaningsih; Diah Ratnadewi
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 27 No. 1 (2020): January 2020
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Cinchona ledgeriana produces several secondary metabolites. The main quinoline alkaloid, quinine that is widely used as an antimalarial drug, is most commonly extracted from the bark of Cinchona, and its leaves contain several other metabolites. Many studies have revealed that cell culture of Cinchona also produces quinine. Nevertheless, the sites of secondary metabolites accumulation are still elusive. This study is aimed at describing specific anatomical structures where alkaloids and some other secondary metabolites are accumulated as well as their localization in leaves and barks of C. ledgeriana, compared to those found in cultured cells. Fresh leaves and barks, and cells of C. ledgeriana were used for anatomical observation and histochemical tests. It was found that these plant parts have specialized structures, idioblast cells with elliptical- and spherical-shapes, scattered in leaf hypodermis, stem cortex, and secondary phloem. Unspecialized structures such as epidermis and palisade mesophyll tissues were also found accumulating some metabolites. Histochemical tests showed that bark and leaves contained alkaloids, terpenoids, phenolic, and lipophilic compounds. Cultured cells presented positive results for alkaloids and terpenoids.

Banana Flower-Insect Interaction: Alpha-Pinene as Potential Attractant for the Insect Vector of Banana Blood Disease Masriany Masriany; Rizkita R. Esyanti; Fenny M. Dwivany; Tjandra Anggraeni
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 27 No. 1 (2020): January 2020
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Volatile metabolites are produced by plants for self-defense and as communication mediators with the environment. Terpenes are volatiles emitted as odorant cues for herbivores and microorganisms. This study was aimed to investigate volatile metabolites produced by banana flowers that attract insect vectors of BBD. The volatile metabolites from banana flowers were extracted by headspace-solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and identified by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). It was apparent that the concentrations of the metabolite alpha-pinene gradually increased from the first to the the third stage. Comparison of metabolites produced by symptomatic banana male flowers for BBD infection with non-symptomatic ones showed that the concentration of alpha-pinene was higher in symptomatic male flowers. In addition, preference for alpha-pinene was tested on three insect vector species (Rhodesiella bhutanensis, Drosophila sp., and Musca sp.), analyzed by M. Anova p<0.001, F(1.5) =12.539 and Duncan test. Results showed that the insect vectors were mostly attracted to 20 µl volume of alpha-pinene compared to the other volumes and that alpha-pinene functioned as an attractant to these insects. This research is important for the formulation of attractants for insect vectors of BBD to control transmission of banana blood disease.

Comparison Between the Potential of Tempe Flour Made from Germinated and Nongerminated Soybeans in Preventing Diabetes Mellitus Made Astawan; Inas Suci Rahmawati; Ananda Putri Cahyani; Tutik Wresdiyati; Sastia Prama Putri; Eiichiro Fukusaki
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 27 No. 1 (2020): January 2020
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

This study was aimed to compare the chemical characteristics of tempe flour made from nongerminated soybean (NST) and germinated soybean (GST), especially on their capacity in preventing diabetes mellitus (DM). Soybeans were germinated for 20 hours in the dark until 2.5-5.0 mm of the radicle emerged. The ungerminated soybeans and the germinated soybeans were then processed into tempe and tempe flour. The two types of tempe flour were subjected to proximate analysis, amino acid profiling, antioxidant capacity, total phenol content, isoflavone content, and α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzyme inhibition analyses. GST was superior in preventing DM in the protein content and antioxidant parameters, as these were significantly higher (p<0.05) than in NST. On the other hand, NST was superior in preventing diabetes in the isoflavon (daidzein, genistein, and total isoflavone) and α-amylase inhibition IC50 parameters which were significantly better (p<0.05) than in GST. On the contrary, the diabetes-preventing parameters total phenols, α-glucosidase inhibition IC50, and insulinotropic amino acids (arginine, alanine, phenilalanine, isoleucine, leucine, and lysine) were not different (p>0.05). Therefore, GST and NST both have potential in preventing diabetes through different mechanisms.

Activity and Stability of the Alcohol Biosensor Using Acetobacter aceti Biofilm on Screen-Printed Carbon Electrode Dyah Iswantini; Fitriani Indahsari; Akhiruddin Maddu; Novik Nurhidayat; Henny Purwaningsih; Sri Sugiarti
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 27 No. 1 (2020): January 2020
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Most of the alcohol analytical methods are robust and instrumentally expensive. An alternative of ethanol biosensor based on selected biofilm forming Acetobacter aceti bacteria producing alcohol oxidase was constructed on a screen-printed carbon electrode. The enzyme specifically oxidizes the ethanol and generate electrical current that then electrochemically detected and measured by cyclic voltammetry method. A scanning electron microscopic analysis indicated that the biofilm was formed firmly in the electrode. This constructed biosensor reached its optimum at biofilm formed by bacteria of 1.33 × 1010 cells/ml, temperature of 27°C, and pH 7. The enzyme kinetic had KM and Vmax AOX values of 3.5 mm and 125 μA respectively. The biosensor had detection and quantization limit of 0.003 and 0.009%, respectively, and a sensitivity of 57.29 μA (%)-1. A linearity and relative deviation value were revealed at 0.993 and 1.95% respectively. The biosensor was relatively specific and had no interferences with methanol, sodium chloride and citric acid as the common interferences of ethanol compounds. Furthermore, the biosensor had been stably for at least 55 days. Therefore, this constructed biosensor should be developed into a prototype for a practical effective analysis.

Photosynthetic Rate of Lettuce Cultivated on Floating Raft Hydroponic with Controlled Nutrient Solution Lenni Lenni; Herry Suhardiyanto; Kudang B. Seminar; Radite P. A. Setiawan
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 27 No. 1 (2020): January 2020
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Lettuce becomes the main ingredient of salad as one of the healthy foods. The lettuce cultivation in tropical areas is often performed in highland. To reduce soil erosion and pesticide contamination, the cultivation of lettuce plants in high open land needs to be reduced. The lettuce cultivation in hydroponic system at tropical lowland requires cooling. The root zone cooling requires enormous electrical energy. However, it can be solved by controlling the temperature based on the automatically. Therefore, it has been developed control and monitoring system for the root zone on floating raft hydroponic system. This study aimed to evaluate the photosynthetic rate of lettuce cultivated in floating raft hydroponic system whose nutrient solution was controlled by the developed control and monitoring system. Statistical analysis was performed to draw the conclusions about photosynthetic variance of lettuce on two hydroponic systems, namely controlled and uncontrolled system. Furthermore, this paper presents an artificial neural network (ANN) model to estimate the photosynthetic rate of lettuce cultivated in the hydroponic systems. The ANN model was comprised of eight input (nutrient temperature, EC, pH, DO, and ORP, air temperature, air humidity, and photon flux density of photosynthetic) and one output (photosynthetic rate). It was noted that the ANN model predicted accurately the photosynthetic rate of lettuce leaves whose R2 was 0.87 for plants cultivated in floating raft hydroponic system whose nutrient solution was controlled by control and monitoring system. The ANN was useful for identifying the photosynthetic rate of lettuce cultivated in floating raft hydroponic systems on tropical lowland.

Rhizopus Rotting on Agricultural Products in Jakarta Anastasia Tatik Hartanti; Amelia Raharjo; Agustin Wydia Gunawan
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 27 No. 1 (2020): January 2020
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Agricultural products may easily perish if they are not well taken care of during postharvest treatment. One of the main causes in damaged products is the biological contamination of pathogenic fungi, such as Rhizopus spp. that gives rise to Rhizopus rot symptoms. The purpose of this research was to isolate Rhizopus spp. from different agricultural products showing Rhizopus rot symptoms as well as to identify them. Rhizopus pure cultures were isolated on potato dextrose agar. Identification was done through molecular techniques using PhytopureTM DNA Extraction Kit and Maxwell® RSC Plant DNA Kit for DNA isolation, internal transcribed spacer (ITS4 and ITS5) as primers for amplification, and molecular evolutionary genetics analysis 7 (MEGA7) for the reconstruction of phylogenetic tree from sequence result. The phylogenetic tree using Maximum Likelihood statistics with 1,000 replications of bootstrap test showed five strains, namely AR9, AR10, AR11, AR13, and AR14, which belong to R. delemar, and the other seven remaining strains, AR1-AR7 belong to R. stolonifer. Identification was clarified with morphological and physiological data using Rhizopus growth at temperature control of 33 and 42°C as well as microscopic observation involving rhizoid, columella, measurement of sporangiospores, and sporangiophores.

Adaptation Selection of Plants for Utilization in Phytoremediation of Soil Contaminated by Crude Oil Fadliah Salim; Yadi Setiadi; Didy Sopandie; Mohamad Yani
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 27 No. 1 (2020): January 2020
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

The research on adaptation selection for utilization in phytoremediation of soil contaminated by crude oil using four type plants, such as Helianthus annuus, Paspalum conjugatum, Sorghum bicolor, and Tagetes erecta were conducted. The adaptability of four types of plants on crude oil contaminated soil at total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) level at 0, 3, and 6% were observed and evaluated to their morphological and anatomical responses. Parameters observed were vegetative growth of plants including growth precentage, plant height, number of leaves, root length, root dry weight, shoot dry weight, root/shoot ratio, total dry weight, and stomatal density for 9 weeks cultivation in screen house. The results show that increasing in TPH level caused in significant reductions on morphological of four plants, such as percentage of plant growth, plant height, number of leaves, root length, root dry weight, shoot dry weight, and total dry weight. In contrast, the increasing in TPH level caused to increasing in root/shoot ratio. The four types of plants studied were effective to be used as plants for phytoremediation of petroleum contaminated soil. The plants of P. conjugatum and S. bicolor are recommended as phytoremediators for further studies.

Ecological Vulnerability of Coral Reef Ecosystem in Wakatobi National Park During Indian Ocean Dipole Event Hawis H. Madduppa; Alan F. Koropitan; Ario Damar; Beginer Subhan; Muhammad Taufik; La Ode Alam Minsaris; AM Azbas Taurusman; Agus Ramli; Arif Budi Purwanto
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 27 No. 1 (2020): January 2020
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

This research examines coral reefs vulnerability which threatening its existences and functions by climate change. The ecological vulnerability in Wakatobi (Wangi-wangi, Kaledupa, Tomia, and Binongko) was assessed during Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) event in 2016. Climate exposure was determined using sea surface temperature, chlorophyll-a concentration, and wind speed magnitude; sensitivity was determined using coral susceptibility, fish susceptibility, and macroalgae primary productivity rate; then adaptive capacity was developed by hard coral cover, coral size distribution, coral richness, fish biomass, herbivore diversity, and herbivore grazing relative to algal production. The values of Exposure, Sensitivity, and Adaptive capacity in Wakatobi were 0.93±0.02, 0.42±0.18, and 0.44±0.10, respectively. Site specific vulnerability scores ranged from 0.52 to 1.60 (mean 0.92±0.26). Binongko was the least vulnerable than other islands. Tomia was observed as the least adaptive capacity and Wangi-wangi was the most bleaching incidents. These results could help coral reefs monitoring priority during the event and then when the event is gone by focusing on the marked islands and sites. Sites that were observed as more vulnerable is urgently need a management strategy to overcome the vulnerability status in the future, such as increasing site adaptability.

Soil Moisture Mapping at Paddy Field in Indramayu Residence Using Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS Mochamad Firman Ghazali; Tri Muji Susantoro; Ketut Wikantika; Agung Budi Harto; Rian Nurtyawan
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 27 No. 1 (2020): January 2020
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Drought monitoring is important for the paddy planting planning. Remote sensing is one tool can be used for it. Paddy field monitoring based on the soil moisture gives much knowledge related to the water content in the soil. Soil moisture analysis in this study is using Normalized Different Water Index (NDWI), Linear Soil Moisture (LSM), and Tasseled Cap. Soil moisture change could explain based on calculation results of NDWI, Linear Soil Moisture (LSM), and Tasseled Cap Transformation (TCT). Based on the results has explained that the driest year occurs in 2015 and June 2016 has a higher soil moisture. Comparison with the radar shows that the results of soil moisture analysis with Landsat was effective can be used with results relatively close to the radar results.

Propolis Components and Biological Activities from Stingless Bees Collected on South Sulawesi, Indonesia Ryo Miyata; Muhamad Sahlan; Yoshinobu Ishikawa; Hiroshi Hashimoto; Sari Honda; Shigenori Kumazawa
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 27 No. 1 (2020): January 2020
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Three new compounds, namely sulabiroins A (1) and B (2), and 2',3'-dihydro-3'-hydroxypapuanic acid (3), were isolated from the propolis of stingless bees (Tetragonula aff. biroi) collected on South Sulawesi, Indonesia. In addition, ten known compounds, (–)-papuanic acid (4), (–)-isocalolongic acid (5), isopapuanic acid (6), isocalopolyanic acid (7), glyasperin A (8), broussoflavonol F (9), (2S)-5,7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxy-8-prenylflavanone (10), isorhamnetin (11), (1'S)-2-trans,4-trans-abscisic acid (12), and (1'S)-2-cis,4-trans-abscisic acid (13) were identified. The structures of the new and known compounds were determined by spectroscopic analysis. The absolute configurations of sulabiroins A (1) and B (2) were determined by X-ray crystallography analysis and ECD calculation, respectively. The propolis from stingless bee (Tetragonula aff. biroi) collected on South Sulawesi contained compounds not present in propolis from other regions. Sulabiroin A (1) and isorhamnetin (11) were examined for xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory activity as one of biological activities; isorhamnetin (11) exhibited potent XO inhibitory activity, with an IC50 value of 3.9 µm.

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