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Ivandini Tribidasari A.
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Makara Journal of Science
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 23391995     EISSN : 23560851     DOI : https://doi.org/10.7454/mss.v26i2.xxx
Core Subject :
Makara Journal of Science publishes original research or theoretical papers, notes, and minireviews on new knowledge and research or research applications on current issues in basic sciences, namely: Material Sciences (including: physics, biology, and chemistry); Biochemistry, Genetics, and Molecular Biology (including: microbiology, physiology, ecology, taxonomy and evolution); and Biotechnology.
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Articles 783 Documents
 1   2   3   4   5 
Cloning of a Gene Encoding Protease from Bacillus halodurans CM1 into Escherichia coli DH5α and Expression Analyses of the Gene Product Helianti, Is; Furgeva, Natasha; Mulyawati, Lina; Ferniah, Rejeki Siti; Kusumaningrum, Hermin Pancasakti
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 22, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Bacillus halodurans strain CM1 is an Indonesia alkalothermophilic bacterium isolated from Cimanggu Hot Spring, Bandung, West Java. This bacterial strain produces high levels of thermoalkalophilic xylanase. It has also been predicted to produce other potential industrial enzymes, including protease. For production and application of protease in the future, the protease gene from B. halodurans CM1 was cloned into Escherichia coli. The protease gene was isolated from B. halodurans CM1 by the PCR approach using primers designed based on the GenBank. The PCR product was then ligated into pGEM-T Easy vector, transformed into E. coli DH5α, verified, and analyzed based on DNA sequencing data using the BLAST search tool. A 1086-bp protease gene was obtained that exhibited a very high sequence similarity (99%) with that of alkaline protease gene from B. halodurans C-125. When the culture of this positive recombinant E. coli DH5α containing the protease gene was spotted onto calcium caseinate agar, a clear zone appeared after incubation at 50 °C. This result demonstrated that the protease gene was expressed in this recombinant E. coli DH5α.
Isolation and Characterization of Cellulose from Underexploited Golden Melon Skin Adewuyi, Adewale; Pereira, Fabiano Vargas
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 22, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Golden melon skin (GM) is an underexploited plant resource in Nigeria from which cellulose (GMC) was isolated and characterized. Characterization was achieved using Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. GMC was further evaluated for its water holding capacity (WC), oil holding capacity (OC), water swelling capacity (SC), and heavy metal adsorption capacity. FT-IR spectroscopy revealed peaks correspondingto GMC, while the XRD diffraction planes exhibited by GMC were typical of cellulose I crystals with a crystallinity index of 40%. The thermal degradation of GMC revealed a first mass loss at 190–295 °C, second loss at 305–410 °C, and third loss 285–430 °C. The WC was 11.62 g/g, OC was 2.75 mL/g, and SC was 9.32 mL/g. The heavy metal adsorption capacity of GMC toward Cu (II) was 34.52 mg/g, and it was 28.73 mg/g toward Pb (II) in an aqueous solution.These results show that GMis a potential source of cellulose, which might have useful applications.
Kinematic and Thermodynamic Structures of Mesoscale Convective Systems During Heavy Rainfall in Greater Jakarta Nuryanto, Danang Eko; Pawitan, Hidayat; Hidayat, Rahmat; Aldrian, Edvin
Makara Journal of Science
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

A mesoscale convective system (MCS) is a large complex convective cloud system associated with a contiguous rainfall area that contributes significantly to heavy rainfall. This study analyzed the kinematic and thermodynamic structures of MCS during a heavy rainfall event. The MCSs that coincided with the heavy rainfall event and covered GJ occurred on January 17, 2013, 2014, and February 9, 2015. The three MCS cases were described from satellite observations over GJ during heavy rainfall. The main data consisted of satellite cloud top temperatures and national weather service soundings. We found a cloud shield with a temperature ≤ 221 K size and size less than 30,000 km2 at the mature stage of the MCS. Low moisture convection was unstable prior to MCS development. The warm moist air at 500–400 hPa could contribute to heavy rainfall above GJ. We suspect that the strong low-level convergence winds pro-duced an updraft, and high moist air led to a developing convective cloud. Themoist atmosphere on the third MCS was not always higher than others, but wind was low. These conditions caused the high intensity of heavy rainfall that oc-curred in GJ on the third MCS.
Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Iron-Joining Using Copper as a Filler Metal Munaji, Munaji; Buntoro, Ghulam Asrofi; Purniawan, Agung; Arifin, Rizal
Makara Journal of Science
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

The study of theliquid filler metal infiltration on the narrow channel of adjoining metal bears importance in understanding the mechanism of the metal brazing process. In this study, we employed the molecular dynamics simulation to understand the mechanism of Cu liquid infiltration through the narrow channel of Fe slabs. Our simulation showed that the wetting process of Fe surfaces by Cu liquid precedes the infiltration process. This study also revealed that the channel became narrower and blockages were found in the channel due to the deformation of Fe surface. In addition to the effect of viscous drag, this process should also contribute to the decreasing speed of the Cu liquid front.
Development of an Environment-Friendly and Solvent-Free Synthetic Route for the Synthesis of 3,4-Dihydropyrimidin-2-(1H)-Ones/Thiones Using La(NO3)3.6H2O as an Efficient Catalyst Mohamadpour, Farzaneh
Makara Journal of Science
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

We present a facile and environmentally friendly procedure for the synthesis of corresponding 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2-(1H)-ones/thiones derivatives. The synthesis was achieved using aone-pot three-component Biginelli reaction among β-keto esters (methyl or ethyl acetoacetate), aromatic aldehyde (benzaldehyde derivatives), and urea or thiourea in the presence of lanthanum (III) nitrate hexahydrate (La(NO3)3.6H2O), as a highly efficient catalyst under solvent-free conditions. This protocol has numerous advantages: it isan inexpensive, non-toxic, simple reaction work-upcatalyst with a high atom-economy, and shows excellent yields with short reaction times.
Construction of pcDNA3.1 Vector Encoding RpfD Gene of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Rakhmawati, Aprilia; Rukmana, Andriansjah; Karuniawati, Anis
Makara Journal of Science
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious diseasecaused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis). TB is still a major health problem. The Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccineis the only one available for TB and is known to confer variable levels of protection. Because of thisvariability, a new vaccine is needed to control TB. Proteins secreted by M.tuberculosisare known to induce protective immunity. Within the genome of M. tuberculosis, there is a family of proteins called resuscitation promoting factor (Rpf), which playsa role in the reactivation of M. tuberculosis. RpfD is amember of the Rpf family that has been shown to be immunogenic, makingitsuitable for use as a TB vaccine. The rpfD gene of the M. tuberculosis Beijing strain from the bacterial stock of the Department of Microbiologyat the Medical Facultyof theUniversitas Indonesia was amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and then insertedintothemammalian expression vector pcDNA3.1(+). Then, the pcDNA3.1(+)-rpfD vector was transformed to Escherichia coli DH5α. A 465-bp target fragment was obtained, and the accuracy ofthecloning was confirmed using colony PCR, restriction enzyme digestion, and sequencing. We expect that this recombinant plasmid will induce immunity in future animal models and thus will prove itself to be a candidate for an M. tuberculosis vaccine.
Morphological and Structural Studiesof ZnO Micro-Nanorod Structures Synthesized Using a Low-Cost Hydrothermal Method Alfarisa, Suhufa; Toruan, Parmin Lumban; Atina, Atina; Dwandaru, Wipsar Sunu Brams; Safitri, Rika Noor
Makara Journal of Science
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Micro-nanorod structuresof zincoxide (ZnO) have been successfully synthesized via a simple and low-cost hydrothermal method. ZnO solutions with different concentrations of 0.05 and 0.1 M were prepared using zinc nitrate tetrahydrate and hexamethylenetetramine precursors. They were dissolved inaquadesand stirred before the hydrothermal process at 95 °C for 4 hours in an oven. Extensive characterizations using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were conductedon ZnO powder samples. SEM results showed that hexagonally shaped ZnO micro-nanorods were formed with diameters ranging from hundreds of nanometers to several micrometers. The ZnO sample synthesized at 0.05 M was observedto have a better surface morphological structurethan the 0.1 M sample. In addition, XRD measurements confirmed that samples exhibited a hexagonal crystal structure of ZnO. Moreover, the calculated crystallite sizes of ZnO using the Debye-Scherrer equation using the full-width half maxima of the XRD peaks were 25.153 nm for the 0.05 M sample and 28.707 nm for the 0.1 M sample. The most prominent growth of ZnO had 101 plane orientation or nonpolara-plane followed by nonpolar 100 m-plane and 002 polar c-plane orientations.This studyoffersa simple andlow-costroute to producehigh-quality ZnO micro-nanorods for use in various electrical and optical devices.
Morphological Characterization of Okra (Abelmoschus [Medik.]) Accessions Ogwu, Matthew Chidozie; Onosigbere-Ohwo, Uruemu; Osawaru, Moses Edwin
Makara Journal of Science
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Okra (Abelmoschus [Medik.] species) is a prominent vegetable due to the diverse economic roles of its leaves, fruits, seeds, floral parts, and stems. This study investigated the morphological distinctiveness among varieties and between species of okra. Five okra accessions were obtained from the National Centre for Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Nigeria, including two A. esculentus (NG/OA/03/12/157 and NG/OA/05/12/159) and three A. caillei (NG/OA/03/12/158,NG/SA/DEC/07/0475, and NG/SA/DEC/07/0482) species. During the developmental stage, the accessions exhibited adegree of similarity; however, at maturity, the leaf and fruit color, height, leaf shape, and flowers of the five accessionsbecame distinct. A cluster of the phenotype was observed at 4.123 level of coefficient of similaritywith two distinctclusters. Distinct morphological features included the nature of the epicalyx segment, the position of the fruit on thestem, fruit shape, and fruit color. These features may be used to identify the accessions. The common morphological features of clusters 1 and 3 were leaf shape and fruit length at maturity. Significant differences were observed among allthe five accessions in terms of stem length, petiole length, and leaf node. This study suggests that morphological variations exist among the accessions, which can be further enumerated through molecular characterization. The characteristics could distinguish the Abelmoschus accessions into A. caillei and A. esculentus and provide credence to the use of morphological characteristics to characterize plant genetic resources. These characteristics may be exploitedby plant breeders for sustainable utilization of the okra germplasm.
Recovery of Gold with AgNO3 Pretreatment by Cyanidation at Heap Leaching Cijiwa Gold Ore Processing Kusdarini, Esthi; Budianto, Agus; Gingga, Flaminggo
Makara Journal of Science
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

This research was undertaken to study the effect of adding silver nitrate (AgNO3) during leaching of gold ore for Aurecovery. Its focus is to obtain the weight of Au in feed and concentrate, the effect of AgNO3 on Au recovery, theconcentration of AgNO3 that led to optimum recovery, and the weight of bullion and Au content in bullion. This research was conducted using quantitative descriptive method with experimental technique and the research stepsinclude the following: 1) rock and treatment plant preparation, 2) tests with variable AgNO3 concentrations, 3) analysis feed and concentrate samples using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), 4) measurement of concentrate density, 5) burning of activated carbon to get the bullion, and 6) weighing bullion and Au content. There was increase Au recovery from 12.57% to 36.15%. On addition of 0 to 4 gram of AgNO3, whereby highest recovery was obtained on the additionof 4 g of AgNO3 concentration to 150 kg of feed.
ZnSO4.7H2O Catalyzed One-pot and Facile Synthesis of Highly Substituted Dihydro-2-oxopyrroles at Room Temperature Mohamadpour, Farzaneh
Makara Journal of Science
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

A mild and facile ZnSO4.7H2O-catalyzed procedure is developed for the convenient one-pot synthesis of highly substituted dihydro-2-oxopyrroles under mild reaction conditions. In this procedure, dihydro-2-oxopyrroles are synthesized via the four-component reactions of amines, dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylates and formaldehyde. The present procedure is an economical and mild approach that offers numerous advantages, including good to high yields, simplicity, inexpensive and readily available catalyst, and high atom economy.

Page 3 of 79 | Total Record : 783

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