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Nonny Manampiring
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INDONESIA
Indonesian Biodiversity Journal
Published by Universitas Negeri Manado
ISSN : 27222659     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology
International Biodiversity Journal (IBJ) is an international peer-reviewed and open access journal that publishes significant and important research from all area of biological science fields such as biodiversity, biopharmaca, DNA barcoding and molecullar biology, ecology, physiology, behavior, and biotechnology. All life forms, ranging from microbes, fungi, plants, animals, and human, including virus, are covered by International Biodiversity Journal (IBJ).
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Articles 49 Documents
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Beauveria bassiana FUNGUS AS A BIOLOGICAL ALTERNATIVE FOR THE CONTROL OF Bactrocera carambolae ON CHILI PLANTS Helma Fitriani; Jantje Ngangi; Helen J Lawalata
Indonesian Biodiversity Journal Vol. 4 No. 1 (2023): April 2023
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Manado

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Abstract

Chili plants are an important horticultural crop for the Indonesian population. Still, in the context of pest control, the use of insecticides to manage the OPT is proving to be increasingly problematic for the environment and human health as a result of their ability to decimate microscopic organisms present in the soil so that as decomposers or decomposer microorganisms and earthworms perish, the soil would ultimately become more barren. Therefore, it needs to be overcome by finding other alternatives that are more environmentally friendly and reduce the negative impact of pesticides. This study aimed to determine an environmentally friendly alternative biological control using the Beauveria bassiana fungus. This study used an experimental method with five treatments and three replicates, notably spore concentration using B. bassiana 6g, 7g, 8g, 9g, and control. The use of this fungus is simple and does not incur significant costs. From the results of data collection, the Beauveria bassiana fungus is effective in killing carambolae with a fast mortality rate at a concentration of 9 g/500 ml of water (86.7%), and the slowest concentration is at 6 g/500 ml of water (63.4%).
Base Substitution Patterns in Partial of the Cytochrome C Oxidase Unit I (COI) mtDNA Genes in the Red Junglefowl (Gallus sp.) of North Sulawesi and some Gallus sp. accessions. Decky Kamagi
Indonesian Biodiversity Journal Vol. 4 No. 1 (2023): April 2023
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Manado

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Abstract

Partial of the cytochrome C oxidase unit I (COI) mtDNA genes of the red jungle fowl (Gallus sp.) were isolated and sequenced to examine the base substitution pattern compared to several accessions taken from GenBank. Samples were collected from several areas in North Sulawesi in the form of muscle tissue and prepared with 95% alcohol, and stored at temperatures below 500 C. Total DNA was isolated using the innuPREP DNA micro kit with a modified protocol. The target gene amplification used the primers BirdR1 and BirdF1, and the amplicons were sequenced at the Singapore FirstBase laboratory. Target gene sequences have been blasted through the nucleotide blast program provided by the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)—sequence analysis using MEGA5 and DnaSPv5 software. Target gene sequences were aligned using the Clustal-W program on MEGA5. The amplified target gene sequence length was 490 bp. The blast results showed that the target gene sequence was 98% identical to the COI gene sequence from several Gallus-gallus accessions from GenBank. The results of multiple alignments between the sequences of some of the genes examined showed the presence of polymorphic sites (S). The number of polymorphic sites (S) is 11, while the conserved sequence (C) is 386/397 = 0.977. The number of haplotypes (h) is 5, and the diversity of haplotypes (Hd) is 0.703. The overall genetic distance average was 0.008. The polymorphic sites and base substitution events occurred at sites number 145 (A↔G), 241 (G↔C), 268 (C↔A), 295 (C↔A), 348 (T↔C), 381(A) ↔T), 384 (T↔C), 390 (T↔A), 393 (C↔T), 394 (T↔C) and 395 (C↔T). The substitution pattern at these polymorphic sites consists of substitution transitions and transversions. The ratio of transition substitution and transversion events (Ts/Tv) = 1.4056. The substitution events at these sites are located at the bases in the first and third positions of the codon. Substitution events at these polymorphic sites partially cause the exchange of amino acids. The exchange of amino acids occurs at codons 49, 81, 90, 99 and 130.
BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF INSECT PESTS Spodoptera exigua Hubner ORIGIN NORTH SULAWESI Utari Satiman; Marthy Taulu
Indonesian Biodiversity Journal Vol. 4 No. 1 (2023): April 2023
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Manado

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Abstract

One component of integrated pest control is biological control or biological control based on the bioecology of the pest by taking into account the results obtained and their long-term effects through ecology and economy. The success of controlling a type of pest requires studies on various factors that affect the life of a pest, namely biology, morphology, ecology, genetics, and evolution. Knowledge of the biology of a pest species will provide appropriate information in breaking the life cycle or making the surrounding environment not provide optimal carrying capacity so that the pest population can be suppressed below the economic threshold. Spodoptera exigua is a polyphagous insect pest that eats from many plant types. In the larval stage, this pest attacks more than 20 species of cultivated and wild plants. For over twenty years, the onion caterpillar S. exigua has been the main target for chemical control but is still the main pest on onion crops. Spodoptera exigua attacks occur throughout the year in North Sulawesi and are spread over a wide geographical range, allowing genetic differences within the species. Gene mutations cause the occurrence of genetic diversity in a species in a population. High genetic diversity in individuals in a population can be one inhibiting factor in successfully controlling a pest species. Increasing knowledge about the biology of a pest species is very important to understand its habits, reproductive ability, and distribution which will later be used to limit and control the pest population.
EFFECT OF LIQUID ORGANIC FERTILIZER FROM MARKET WASTE AND RICE WASHING WATER ON THE GROWTH OF LAND KANGKUNG (Ipomoea raptans) Arin Makasa; Orbanus Naharia
Indonesian Biodiversity Journal Vol. 4 No. 1 (2023): April 2023
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Manado

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Abstract

Some of Indonesia's agricultural countries produce many types of vegetables; for example, mustard greens, cabbage, spinach, kale, and so on are usually cultivated in Indonesia. Market waste and rice washing water can make liquid organic fertilizer (POC). This research was structured to know the effect of rice washing water on land kangkung plants' growth and the concentration required in one planting period. The research location is Maesa Unima housing, Tondano District, Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi Province. This study uses quantitative methods with the implementation of experiments. Using the RAL technique or Completely Randomized Design totaling four treatments and each repeated seven times With liquid organic fertilizer (POC) using four treatments, namely: P0: Control (Using plain water), P1: POC with a concentration of 15%, P2: POC with a concentration of 30% and P3: POC with a concentration of 45% and the parameters measured were the growth of water spinach plants, namely: land kale plant height, number of land kale plants and leaf length on land kale plants. The results showed that rice washing water affected the growth of kale plants, namely plant height, number of leaves, and leaf length, and the required concentration was 45%. The research is due to the large amount of organic and household waste in the market, which can pollute the environment if not utilized
IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF FEED PLANTS FOR Apis dorsata Binghami IN THE PINABETENGAN FOREST, MINAHASA Feydina Tewu; Orbanus Naharia; Yermia Mokosuli
Indonesian Biodiversity Journal Vol. 4 No. 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Manado

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53682/ibj.v4i2.6023

Abstract

Apis Dorsata Binghami is a honey bee that is often found in the forest, which is conserved by the community, but there are also honey bees that are just left alone; the community preserves these honey bees because their honey can be traded and can also be used as medicine. This study aims to determine the plants that are a feed source for Apis Dorsata Binghami in the Pinabetengan Forest, Minahasa Regency. This research was conducted in June-August 2022. The data collected came from field survey data using descriptive methods and identified plant species with values of Reactive Density (KR), Relative Frequency (FR), Relative Dominance (DR), and Index Significant Value (INP). Plant diversity as a food source for Apis Dorsata Binghami has different types of plants based on their habitus or the characteristics of the plants themselves.
IDENTIFICATION OF ANTS (Formicidae) IN THE MANGROVE FOREST AREA OF TATENGESAN VILLAGE, SOUTHEAST MINAHASA Delvy Regina Leunufna; Debby Jacqueline Jochebed Rayer; Christny Ferdina Evie Rompas; Helen Joan Lawalata; Livana Dethris Rawung
Indonesian Biodiversity Journal Vol. 4 No. 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Manado

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53682/ibj.v4i2.6275

Abstract

Ants are a group of social insects that belong to the order Hymenoptera and the Family Formicidae. This study aims to determine the type of ants (Formicidae) in the Mangrove Area of Tatengesan Village, Southeast Minahasa. This research occurred in Tatengesan Village, Posumaen District, Southeast Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi. The research method uses a purposive sampling method with the placement of the paths determined based on considerations taking into account the physical and biological conditions that affect the presence of ants in the field. Observation lines were made in as many as three transects, each with four observation plots. Data was collected using adhesive paper traps (Fly Sheet) and direct capture method (hand collecting) and analyzed using the Shannon-Weiner diversity index, species richness index, and species evenness index. Placement of self-adhesive paper on each transect, including lower tree stratum, highest tide limit, middle tree stratum, and upper tree stratum. Based on the results of the research on the observation transect, there were five genera, namely Anoplolepis with 25 individual ants, Camponotus with 31 individual ants, Crematogaster with 98 individual ants, Oecophylla 2168 ants, and Tetraponera 6 individual ants from 6 species of ants consisting of Anoplolepis gracilipes, Camponotus atriceps, Camponotus sp., Crematogaster scutellaris, Oecophylla smaragdina, and Tetraponera nigra. The highest number of genera obtained was Oecophylla, the highest number of species was Oecophylla smaragdina, and the number of individuals caught was 2168.
ECHINODERM COMMUNITY STRUCTURE IN TAMBA BEACH, NORTH MINAHASA REGENCY, NORTH SULAWESI PROVINCE Jelita Pricilya Tompolumiu; Verawati Ida Yani Roring; Nova Laurin Isye Mourein Ogi; Nonny Manampiring; Helen Joan Lawalata
Indonesian Biodiversity Journal Vol. 4 No. 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Manado

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53682/ibj.v4i2.6391

Abstract

Tamba Beach has several ecosystems, namely seagrass beds, sandy and rocky. Ecologically, seagrass beds are home to marine life, including Echinodermata. Echinoderms play an important role as an integral part of the food chain, eating organic waste. The purpose of this study was to analyze the community structure of Echinoderms at Station I (Seagrass Zone), Station II (Sandy Zone) and Station III (Coral Zone). Two methods are used in this study. The first is a qualitative description method by directly observing and quantitatively calculating the diversity index, uniformity index, dominance and abundance index formulas. The echinoderms found consisted of 4 classes, namely Holothuidea, Ophiuroidea, Echinoidea and class Asteroidea. The echinoderms found at the study site used a diversity index classified as stable. The dominance index is low because there are no dominant individuals, and the uniformity index is low. From the results obtained from the abundance in Tamba Beach, the highest value was in the Diadema setosum species with 113 individuals. Diadema setosum has the highest quantity at the three existing stations. This species can adapt to environmental changes.  
INVENTARISATION OF ORCHID TYPES (Orchidaceae) IN WEST TOMOHON AREA Miracle Abbighael Varencia Welan; Verawati Ida Yani Roring; Helen Joan Lawalata
Indonesian Biodiversity Journal Vol. 4 No. 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Manado

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53682/ibj.v4i2.6585

Abstract

This study aims to inventory orchid species in the West Tomohon area using the accidental sampling method of exploration in a predetermined place. Orchids are a type of flowering plant that comes from the Orchidaceae family. Each type of orchid has its own characteristics. Tomohon City has abundant natural resources, including ornamental plants such as orchids. Data on orchid diversity in West Tomohon Sub-district has never been reported. Orchid inventory is an activity that records the diversity of orchid species in an area. This research is descriptive-qualitative research. The results of this study have yielded 10 species of orchids belonging to nine genera in one family. The orchid species found in the West Tomohon area consist of Arachnis sp., Arundina graminifolia, Cattleya sp., Dendrobium biggibum, Dendrobium moschatum, Epidendrum secundum, Oncidium flexuosum, Phaius tankervilleae, Phalaenopsis amabilis, and Vanda arcuata. The most common orchid found in this area is the moon orchid, Phalaenopsis amabilis.
BIOATCTIVITY OF PHLORETIN FROM Syzgium polyanthum (WIGHT) WALP AS A GOUTY ARTHRITIS TREATMENT BASED ON SCREENING IN SILICO Fernando Watung; Musma Rukmana; Hasmiati Hasmiati; Tika Putri Agustina; Margaret Pandaleke
Indonesian Biodiversity Journal Vol. 4 No. 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Manado

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53682/ibj.v4i2.7332

Abstract

Gouty Arthritis is a disease caused by the accumulation of monosodium urate in the joints due to hyperuricemia, which causes painful inflammation. Syzgium polyanthum (Wight) Walp is a plant that grows in Indonesia and has been used as a traditional medicine.  It is used to treat various diseases, especially excessive production of uric acid. It is thought to contain phloretin compounds which can reduce the amount of uric acid. The purpose of this study was observed the biological activity of the natural products phloretin as an antihyperuricemia. Bioinformatic applications used in this study include the Pubchem compound database, protein target data base (Pharmmapper and Swiss Target Prediction), molecular docking software PyRx 0.8, software for 3D visualization and analysis of docking ligands and binding sites PyMOL and BIOVIA Disvovery Studo Client 2016.  The results of docking and binding site analysis showed that phloretin was able to interact with cyclin dependent kinase 2 (target protein) with a binding affinity of -6 kcal/mol more negatively than allopurinol with a binding affinity of -5.7, at different binding sites. Phloretin is a potential compound that can be used in the treatment of gouthy arthritis as an anti-inflammatory by inhibiting CDK2 activity.

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