Ophthalmologica Indonesiana
Ophthalmologica Indonesiana is an open accessed online journal and comprehensive peer-reviewed ophthalmologist journal published by the Indonesian Ophthalmologist Association / Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata (PERDAMI). Our main mission is to encourage the important science in the clinical area of the ophthalmology field. We welcome authors for original articles (research), review articles, interesting case reports, special articles, clinical practices, and medical illustrations that focus on the clinical area of ophthalmology medicine.
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844 Documents
<![CDATA[Exploration of OSCE Results to Evaluate Medical Students’ Progress on Learning Eye Examination in Clinical Skills Laboratory ]]>
<![CDATA[Widyandana Widyandana]]>;
<![CDATA[Angela Nurini Agni]]>;
<![CDATA[Agus Supartoto]]>;
<![CDATA[Suhardjo Suhardjo]]>
<![CDATA[ Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 41 No 2 (2015): Ophthalmologica Indonesiana ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami)) ]]>
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DOI: 10.35749/journal.v41i2.32
<![CDATA[Background: Medical student learn how to perform eye examinations since beginning in clinical skills laboratory. Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) was used to assess students’ clinical skills performance every year and to indicate students’ progress. To evaluate medical students’ clinical skills progress, and to evaluate OSCE of eye examination skills. Methods: A cohort study, involving first and third year OSCE results in Clinical Skills Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine Gadjah Mada University from medical students batch 2010 (n:185). The scores of OSCE Year 1 compared to Year 3 using Mann whitney test to explore the progress of students clinical skills performance. To correlate between OSCE scores with clinical cases used in OSCE (such as: visual aquity, visual field, segment anterior and posterior examination) using Pearsoncorrelation to evaluate the assessment process. Result: OSCE results show that medical studens give significant progress on their eye examination performance (median OSCE year 1=66, year 3=80; p=0.00). There is strong correlation between clinical cases during OSCE with students score (p=0.005) that show inequality of difficulty level of cases, particularly for first year OSCE that used more detail check list instrument. Conclusion: Medical students show significant progress on their eye examination skills performance. OSCE process need to be improved, especially on developing clinical cases and check list as a scoring instrument. Keywords: medical students, eye examination, OSCE score]]>
<![CDATA[Pupil Cycle Time in Household Contacts with Leprosy Patients ]]>
<![CDATA[Waode Ridhayani]]>;
<![CDATA[Siti Rukiah Syawal]]>;
<![CDATA[Batari Todja Umar]]>
<![CDATA[ Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 41 No 2 (2015): Ophthalmologica Indonesiana ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami)) ]]>
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DOI: 10.35749/journal.v41i2.33
<![CDATA[Background: Household contacts of leprosy patients have a higher risk for infection of leprosy. This study is to determine the change in Pupil Cycle Time (PCT) in household contact with leprosy patients and compare them with normal people who are not in household contact with leprosy patients in Makassar. Methods: It was carried out in Tadjuddin Chalid hospital in Makassar and uses cross-sectional study to 61 subjects for each group. The study subjects are divided into two groups: normal people with household contact with leprosy patients, and normal people without household contact as a control group. PCT examinations were performed to the subjects in both groups using biomicroscope slit lamp and digital stopwatch to determine the value of PCT. Result: The study indicates that the average PCT OD and OS of the group with household contact with leprosy patients are 1119.80 (±169.51) milliseconds and 1123.67 (±189.92) milliseconds respectively. Meanwhile, the PCT OD and OS average of the normal people who are not household contact with leprosy patients are 772.67 (±87.75) milliseconds and 776.85 (±82.87) milliseconds respectively. There is a significant difference of PCT between people with household contact with leprosy and those who are not (p=0.000). The length of household contact with leprosy patients has a significant influence with the PCT (p=0.000). Conclusion: The result proves that the PCT of those in household contact with leprosy patient is longer than that of those without contact. The longer the household contact with leprosy patients, the longer the pupil cycle time. Keywords: Pupil Cycle Time, household contact with leprosy patients, leprosy]]>
<![CDATA[Visual Improvement in Retinal Vein Occlusion Patient Who Had Intravitreal Bevacizumab with and without Laser Photocoagulation ]]>
<![CDATA[Marita Febiana]]>;
<![CDATA[Iwan Sovani]]>;
<![CDATA[M Rinaldi Dahlan]]>;
<![CDATA[Feti Karfiati]]>
<![CDATA[ Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 41 No 2 (2015): Ophthalmologica Indonesiana ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami)) ]]>
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DOI: 10.35749/journal.v41i2.34
<![CDATA[Background: Intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) appears to be an effective and safe drug for reducing macular edema and improving visual acuity secondary to RVO. Grid photocoagulation to macular edema caused by BRVO significantly improved long-term visual prognosis. In CRVO, reduced the angiographic evidence of macular edema, but did not lead to improvement in the vision of treated eyes. Methods: an observational, retrospective study from medical record of patients RVO underwent IVB and combined treatment at Cicendo National Eye Center conducted between January and December 2012. A total of 49 eyes from 49 patients met the inclusion criteria. Data was compiled on demographic characteristics, pre and postoperative visual acuities. The main outcome was proportion of visual gain in 1 month after therapy. Result: All patients (49 eyes) completed the 1 months follow-up with 17 patients BRVO who had treatment IVB and 11 patients with combined treatment. And 14 patients CRVO who had treatment IVB and 7 patients had combined treatment. The proportion of BRVO and CRVO eyes have the same visual improvement in IVB and combined treatment groups (BRVO 58.8% vs 72.7%, p=0.120 and CRVO 57.1% vs 57.1%, p=1.000). Conclusion: There was no significant difference in the proportion of visual improvement between IVB and combined treatment groups in BRVO and CRVO at one months follow up. Keywords: branch retinal vein occlusion, central retinal vein occlusion, intravitreal bevacizumab, laser photocoagulation]]>
<![CDATA[Identification of A1286C Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Gene Polymorphism in Orbital Region Basal Cell Carcinoma Patients ]]>
<![CDATA[Anisah Khairunnisa]]>;
<![CDATA[Ibrahim Ibrahim]]>
<![CDATA[ Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 41 No 2 (2015): Ophthalmologica Indonesiana ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami)) ]]>
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DOI: 10.35749/journal.v41i2.35
<![CDATA[Background: The development of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) shows variations among individuals. The risk factor for development of BCC related to environtmental factor especially exposure to ultraviolet radiation and individual factor. The one of internal risk factor contribute to basal cell carcinoma developmental is genetic instability include defects in folic acid synthesis or DNA synthesis. The critical enzim that participate in the process is regulated by Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (MTHFR) gene. Method: This study was descriptive observational with case study involved 10 orbital region basal cell carcinoma. The diagnosis was based on histopathologic examination of the tumor. Genotype frequencies of A1286C polymorphism were studied by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), amplification and restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses using MboII enzyme. Result: In the present study, from 10 subjects we found male was 7 people (70%) and female was 3 people (30%). Majority of subjects have history of having a job in the sunlight. The most commont of the BCC is nodular (80%). There is one subject with recurrent case. Analysis result of A1286C MTHFR gene show wild type in all cases. Conclusion: There’s no A1286C substitution methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene were identified. The whole subjects are wild type.Keywords: basal cell carcinoma, orbital region, folic acid, polymorphism, A1286C MTHFR gene, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), wild type]]>
<![CDATA[The Differences Between Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) Expression in Fleshy and Atrophy Pterygium ]]>
<![CDATA[Reza Satrio]]>;
<![CDATA[Winarto Winarto]]>;
<![CDATA[Siti Sundari]]>
<![CDATA[ Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 41 No 2 (2015): Ophthalmologica Indonesiana ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami)) ]]>
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DOI: 10.35749/journal.v41i2.36
<![CDATA[Background: Pterygium is a conjungtival fibrovascular degenerative process which fleshy type was different to atrophy type, in which post operative recurrencies was high especially fleshy type. The exact pathogenesis were not clearly understood, it was reported that many inflammation mediators had a play role, including Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α). Objective of the study was to revealed a different expression of TNF-α in fleshy and atrophy type. Method: Cross-sectional study design have been done with independent variable was TNF-α and dependant vaiable was pterygium type. Samples consist of 20 patients fleshy type and 20 patients atrophy type, both groups were given fluorometholone eye drop for 1 week prior surgery to suppress the degree of inflammation. The baseline data was recorded e.g. demography, the size of pterygium, Tear Break Up Time (TBUT), Schirmer test and Ferning test. Pterygium excission followed by limbal stem cell graft, and examination of TNF-α expression by immunohistochemistry. TNF-α expression was analyzed using 2 x 2 table. Result: Baseline data of both groups were not significantly different, except TBUT (p=0.000) and the clinical characteristic of pterygium (p=0.000). TNF-α expression in fleshy type tend to be higher (total Allred score mean 4.70) but not significantly different than atrophic type (total Allred score mean 4.54 and p=0.61). Previous fluorometholone treatment prior to surgery might be suppressed the inflammatory cytokine. Conclusion: No significant difference of the TNF-α expressions between fleshy and atrophy type of pterygium. Keywords: pterygium, fleshy type, atrophy type, TNF-α, immunohistochemistry]]>
<![CDATA[Readiness to the Coming 2016 ASEAN Economic Community ]]>
<![CDATA[Tjahjono D. Gondhowiardjo]]>
<![CDATA[ Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 41 No 3 (2015): Ophthalmologica Indonesiana ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami)) ]]>
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DOI: 10.35749/journal.v41i3.37
<![CDATA[Diagnosis and Management of Devic’s Disease ]]>
<![CDATA[Desrina Desrina]]>;
<![CDATA[Syntia Nusanti]]>;
<![CDATA[M. Sidik]]>
<![CDATA[ Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 41 No 3 (2015): Ophthalmologica Indonesiana ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami)) ]]>
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DOI: 10.35749/journal.v41i3.38
<![CDATA[Background: To report diagnosis and management of Devic’s Disease with good visual outcome.Case Illustration: A 51 years-old male came with sudden blurred vision of his right eye since 3 days.The patient also complained of lower limbs weakness, urinary retention, and defecation disorder.Ophthalmology examination revealed visual acuity of no light perception in the right eye and 6/12 inthe left eye. Light reflex of both eyes decreased. Funduscopy examination of the right eye showed anindistinct edge and hyperemic optic nerve head, cup-disc ratio was hard to be evaluated, artery/vein ratioof 2/3, macular reflex was positive and the retina was good. Funduscopy of the left eye was within normallimit. No pathological finding in brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Thoracolumbal MRI supportlongitudinal transverse myelitis. The patient was diagnosed as Devic’s Disease and treated initiallywithintravenous methylprednisolone 1 g/day for five days followed by methyl prednisolone orally.Conclusion: Early diagnosis of Devic’s Disease is important because immediate therapeutic interventionis required to get excellent result, prevent relapse and further disability.]]>
<![CDATA[Management of Sturge Weber Syndrome ]]>
<![CDATA[Irawati Irfani]]>;
<![CDATA[Sri Hardwiyani]]>
<![CDATA[ Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 41 No 3 (2015): Ophthalmologica Indonesiana ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami)) ]]>
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DOI: 10.35749/journal.v41i3.39
<![CDATA[Background: Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS) is a neurocutaneous syndrome, characterized by theassociation of facial port-wine hemangiomas in the trigeminal nerve distribution area, with vascularmalformation(s) of the brain (leptomeningeal angioma) with or without glaucoma. It reports a 3 monthold baby girl presented to Pediatric Ophthalmology Unit Cicendo Eye Hospital with Sturge Weber Syndrome.Case Illustration: A 3 month old baby girl presented to Pediatric Ophthalmology Unit Cicendo EyeHospital as a referral from Pediatric Department. Here in, the patient presented with port wine stain,cerebral lesion according to MRI. Her intraocular pressure on first examination was 29.33 mmHg on herright eye and 18.33 mmHg, then she was underwent examination under anesthesia and trabeculotomy-trabeculectomy procedure on December11th 2014. There was a complication of choroidal detachment aftersurgery,and the patient received oral corticosteroid to overcome the problem.On the last visit,this patient presented with controlled intraocular pressureand minimal abnormality in the retina.Conclusion:Treatment for Sturge Weber Syndrome usually symptomatic. Treatment of choice for glaucoma due to Sturge Weber Syndrome is surgical intervention rather than medical therapy.Keywords: Sturge-Weber syndrome, glaucoma]]>
<![CDATA[A Challenge in Diagnosing Aqueous Misdirection Glaucoma after Keratoplasty ]]>
<![CDATA[Yunita Sari]]>;
<![CDATA[Virna Dwi Oktariana]]>
<![CDATA[ Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 41 No 3 (2015): Ophthalmologica Indonesiana ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami)) ]]>
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DOI: 10.35749/journal.v41i3.40
<![CDATA[Background: The purpose of this case presentation is to report the difficulty of diagnosis and managementof an aqueous misdirection of glaucoma after penetrating keratoplasty (PK).Case Illustration: A 35-year-old male presented to the Glaucoma Division of Cipto MangunkusumoHospital with complain of painfull, redness on the left eye (LE), vomiting, headache. He was reffered fromInfection and Immunology Division with diagnosis of secondary glaucoma after keratoplasty due to cornealulcer and had been treated with glycerin, oral acetazolamide, timolol 0.5% eye drop (ED). The examinationshowed visual acuity of LE at presentation was 1/300 good projection and the intraocular pressure (IOP)was 48 mmHg. Slit lamp examination showed opaque corneal graft, shallow or flat central and peripheralanterior chamber. Iris, pupil, lens and funduscopy were hard to be evaluated. The patient assessed withaqueous misdirection of glaucoma after keratoplasty. Sclerotomy and anterior chamber reformation wasthen performed. One day after surgery, the examination revealed deep anterior chamber and decreased IOPto 24 mmHg, patient received no improvement on visual acuity.Conclusion: The goal addressed in management of aqueous misdirection of glaucoma after keratoplasty arereducing the IOP and preserving optimal graft clarity. However, until recently, there is no consensus aboutthe management of aqueous misdirection of glaucoma after keratoplasty. Scleromotomy with reformation ofan anterior chamber is the alternative treatment when medical therapy fail to control the IOP.]]>
<![CDATA[Clinical Outcomes of Laser Peripheral Iridotomy in Eyes with Primary Angle Closure Suspect and Primary Angle Closure ]]>
<![CDATA[Faresa Hilda]]>;
<![CDATA[Astrianda Suryono]]>;
<![CDATA[Widya Artini]]>
<![CDATA[ Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 41 No 3 (2015): Ophthalmologica Indonesiana ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami)) ]]>
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DOI: 10.35749/journal.v41i3.41
<![CDATA[Background: Primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) is a leading cause of bilateral blindness worldwide. Laser peripheral iridotomy (LPI) has been proposed as the standard prophylactic option for patients with the risk of developing the spectrum of disease, from primary angle closure suspect (PACS) toprimary angle closure (PAC) then to PACG. We aim to evaluate the effect of LPI on intraocular pressure(IOP), anterior chamber depth (ACD) and angle width, as prophylactic management in PACS and PAC.Methods: Literature search was conducted from MEDLINE database using Pubmed search engine.Inclusion criteria were all studies (interventional and observational) that reported outcomes of LPI onPACS and/or PAC eyes. Exclusion criteria were outcomes of LPI on PACG eyes.Results: There were 8 studies included in this literature review; 4 studies evaluated patients with PACS,1 study evaluated patients with PAC, while 3 studies had compared between PACS and PAC. FollowingLPI, majority of the studies showed a decrease of IOP when compared to baseline. While, 5 studiesevaluated changes of central ACD and majority of those studies indicated deepening of ACD. Fourstudies had assessed the angle width changes after LPI that revealed advancement of angle width.Conclusion: The results of this literature review showed that LPI in PACS and PAC eyes showed decrease of IOP within a specified period, the deepening of central ACD and increase of angle width.Keywords: Primary angle closure suspect, primary angle closure, laser peripheral iridotomy]]>
