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Experiential Realization in "Poda Ni Namonangon Ribut" on Mandailing Social Context
Ibnu Ajan Hasibuan;
Eddy Setia;
Masdiana Lubis
Lensa: Kajian Kebahasaan, Kesusastraan, dan Budaya Vol 10, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Fakultas Bahasa dan Budaya Asing (FBBA), Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang
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DOI: 10.26714/lensa.10.2.2020.152-166
This study aims to analyze the function and realization of the meaning contained in the Poda ni Namonangon Ribut as an ancient script text contained in the Ulu Pungkut sub-district, Mandailing Natal district. This study uses a qualitative method with the documentation method in which the data is sourced from the Medan Archeology Agency. Data were analyzed using Systemic Functional Linguistics theory on Ideational Functions and to find metaphors of ideational meaning. The results of this study indicate the distribution of the relational process dominates from Participant, Cirmuntance. The realization of the meaning of the ideational function can be seen in the first, metaphor as a description of the community who want to have offspring, where the aim of Poda is ido napajadi boru "what makes a daughter". In the second, there is a metaphor that explains the word Na sundat realized with the words "Heavy Rain", "Divorce", "Birds perch", "ravine". In the third, shows that Poda has methafora like when the expectation is reached, it is the services of the writer "Shaman”. then when the writer has explained what the ingredients are. Social context of text that has a narrative and the author's conclusion about the solution to the problem of everyone who wants offspring in his family. The tradition of writing with the mandailing script (sumurat) became quite a tradition so that there are ancient texts in the traditional house became the animist beliefs and ideologies which can be seen in Bagas Godang.
The Grammatical Error Analysis Found in Students’ Composition
Tri Jampi Setiyorini;
Puspa Dewi;
Edi Sunjayanto Masykuri
Lensa: Kajian Kebahasaan, Kesusastraan, dan Budaya Vol 10, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Fakultas Bahasa dan Budaya Asing (FBBA), Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang
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DOI: 10.26714/lensa.10.2.2020.218-233
Grammar is an important language component to enhance students’ language proficiency. However, many students still make grammatical errors in writing their essays. This research aims at analyzing types of grammatical errors found in students’ essays. The type of this research is a descriptive case study. The subjects of the study were 20 third-semester students of Purworejo Muhammadiyah University, Indonesia. The researchers used a test to collect the data. The results of tests were analyzed descriptively by using Keshavarz’s theory. The analysis result shows that the percentage for each error type is 34.06% (omission), 7.25% (addition), 57.97% (substitution), and 0.72% (permutation). Based on the research result, the researchers conclude that the most dominant error is substitution. The percentage of error can prove it, that is, 57.97%. There are some implications of error analysis in English language teaching in universities in Indonesia. The lecturer can give enrichment, understand students’ grammar competence, give corrective feedback to students’ errors, modify target language learning items in classrooms and textbooks, understand the way students apply the target language rules, and use the effective teaching method or learning media.
The Gastronomy of Tenggerese's "Cangkriman-Sodoran" Oral Literature
Sony Sukmawan
Lensa: Kajian Kebahasaan, Kesusastraan, dan Budaya Vol 10, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Fakultas Bahasa dan Budaya Asing (FBBA), Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang
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DOI: 10.26714/lensa.10.2.2020.167-178
The diversity and uniqueness of Tenggerese cuisine is a small part of the complexity of gastro-ritual. So far there have not been many comprehensive studies on the gastronomy in Tengger, especially the one in Tenggerese rituals. This article is focused on the ways Karo ritual reveals the aspects of art, aesthetics, socio-culture, history, and science and knowledge. Using the perspective of gastronomic literature, this research found out that the sacredness of traditional Tenggerese cuisine is stabilized in the oral literary piece of Cangkriman. This oral literary piece, which falls into the category of puzzle, becomes an integral part of the performance of Sodoran dance. Sodoran dance in turn becomes an integral part of Karo festival. The symbols of mercy, generosity, thoroughness, detailedness, and ancestor veneration can be seen in the preparation and serving of ritual foods (sesaji [food offerings]) and foods for the participants (cooked rice, side dishes, and snacks) in Karo festival. The preparation and serving of Karo ritual foods show unique culinary aesthetics. The preparation and serving of foods, side dishes, and snacks, which are done by the village institution bethek-sinoman, show a social activity that is full of the value of gotong royong (mutual cooperation). Specifically the genealogy and embryology of the Tenggerese people are symbolized in the traditional snacks of pepes and pasung.
Double-Voiced Discourse in Susan Glaspell's "Trifles"
Yulistiyanti Yulistiyanti;
Agnes Widyaningrum;
Endang Yuliani Rahayu
Lensa: Kajian Kebahasaan, Kesusastraan, dan Budaya Vol 10, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Fakultas Bahasa dan Budaya Asing (FBBA), Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang
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DOI: 10.26714/lensa.10.2.2020.234-249
This research reveals double-voiced discourse in dialogues of Susan Glaspell’s Trifles. This research is categorized as a qualilative study. The data was taken from Glaspell’s Trifles text and indentified by applying Bakhtin’s double-voiced discourse (1981) and Baxter’s double-voiced discource functions (2014). It also applied Kate Millet’s Sexual Politics (2000) and Putnam Tong’s Feminist Thought (2009) to interpret the ideologies found in the text. There are thirteen double-voiced discourses found in Trifles. They represent two opposite ideologies; patriarchy and feminism delivered by the male and female characters. The discourses show personal power, debate ideas, and building solidarity. The male character uses the discourse to display personal power. Meanwhile, the female characters use the discourses to debate ideas and build their solidarity as women.
Women, Mothers, and Monsters in Leïla Slimani's Novel "Dans Le Jardin de l'Ogre"
Siti Aisyah Yasmin;
Wening Udasmoro;
Sajarwa Sajarwa
Lensa: Kajian Kebahasaan, Kesusastraan, dan Budaya Vol 10, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Fakultas Bahasa dan Budaya Asing (FBBA), Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang
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DOI: 10.26714/lensa.10.2.2020.179-189
Novel Dans le Jardin de l'Ogre (2014) karya Leïla Slimani mengandung aspek-aspek yang menjelaskan konstruksi seksualitas perempuan dengan penggambaran yang keluar dari pandangan mainstream yang normatif. Penggambaran perempuan sebagai mothers di satu sisi dan monster di sisi lain menjadi aspek yang ditinjau dalam penelitian ini dengan menggunakan lensa konsep women as mothers dan monsters karya Rossi Braidotti. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis isi cerita (content analysis). Metode tersebut digunakan untuk dapat meninjau lebih jauh narasi yang terdapat di dalam novel sesuai dengan aspek-aspek yang ada pada teori. Data yang terdiri dari narasi dan dialog antar tokoh dikumpulkan dan dikategorikan sesuai dengan polarisasi perempuan sebagai mothers dan monsters. Teknik yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik simak catat. Hasil penelitian mengenai konstruksi seksualitas ini menunjukkan penginternalisasian nilai yang mendukung terjadinya konstruksi seksualitas perempuan di dalam novel Dans le Jardin de l'Ogre. Penginternalisasian nilai-nilai tersebut menyebabkan seorang perempuan harus menerima konsekuensi ketika ia menunjukkan seksualitasnya yang secara umum diposisikan keluar dari norma. Leïla Slimani's novel Dans le Jardin de l'Ogre (2014) examines the elements that influence the development and construction of female sexuality. Borrowing from the theories of Rossi Braidotti, aspects of motherhood and monstrosity are explored through this research. Content analysis is used as the research method, as it enables the convenient review of applicable and relevant data, i.e. the polarization between mothers and monsters. This study employs the notes technique as its research technique. It finds that, in Dans le Jardin de l'Ogre, women are depicted as internalizing values that support the dominant constructs of their sexuality. As a result, women face severe consequences if they exhibit sexuality that is considered as outside the norms.
Exploring the Use of Adverb ‘Literally’ in Corpus of Contemporary American English
Indah Nur Azizah;
Wahya Wahya;
Susi Machdalena
Lensa: Kajian Kebahasaan, Kesusastraan, dan Budaya Vol 10, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Fakultas Bahasa dan Budaya Asing (FBBA), Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang
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DOI: 10.26714/lensa.10.2.2020.250-262
ABSTRACTThis research aims to describe the use of adverb literally by a native speaker. It is qualitative descriptive research. The main source of this research is the data from one of the online corpora, namely Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA). There are three steps used in this research, namely the data collection, the data analysis, and the display of the analysis of the results. Based on the data from COCA, this research tries to describe the frequency of the use of adverb literally in COCA and how the adverb is used in the sentence by knowing the particle that follows it. Theories used in this research are the theory of adverb by Pichler (2016) which is supported by the theory by Murphy (1993) and the types of an adverb by Frank (1972). The result shows that the frequency of use of the word literally in COCA amounted to 39.109 contained in the range of 1990 to 2019. The adverb is mostly used in the context of spoken language which is 8.339. The collocation and the concordance lines in COCA are used to find out the particle that follows the adverb literally. The collocation in this research is divided into three classes of words, namely verbs, adjectives, and adverbs. Based on the concordance lines of adverbs in COCA, we can know that the adverb does not have the same position in the sentence. The position of adverb literally can change based on the context of the sentence.
Teaching English at Junior High School in Indonesian Rural Area : The Implementation of Scientific Approach
Christi Agustin Malaikosa;
Lita Liviani Taopan
Lensa: Kajian Kebahasaan, Kesusastraan, dan Budaya Vol 10, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Fakultas Bahasa dan Budaya Asing (FBBA), Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang
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DOI: 10.26714/lensa.10.2.2020.206-217
The creation of the curriculum aims to improve the quality of education in the country. It is also happening in Indonesia, where the curriculum is always created with the aim of improving the quality of education in Indonesia. The aim of this study was to investigate the implementation of a scientific approach to teaching English in Junior High School in the Indonesian rural areas context. Qualitative method used in this study on pilot project school of 2013 curriculum. The research subject was the English language teacher who has been teaching using the 2013 curriculum. The data then analyzed using Analysis Interactive's Miles, Huberman, and Saldana model. It can be found that the teacher already implements the scientific steps consist of (observing, questioning, collecting data, associating, and communicating). On the other hand, there was still a lot of problem face by the teacher while applying this method, such as a lot of time is spent on this activity, a large number of students, limited time allocation given and also lack of teaching source.Keywords: English Teaching, Implementation, Scientific, Rural Area
Reducing Student’s English Dialogue Anxiety in Online Learning through Board Game
Rahma Nuzulia;
Catur Kepirianto
Lensa: Kajian Kebahasaan, Kesusastraan, dan Budaya Vol 10, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Fakultas Bahasa dan Budaya Asing (FBBA), Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang
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DOI: 10.26714/lensa.10.2.2020.263-279
The COVID 19 has been going on since April 2020 in Indonesia. It has resulted in the Indonesian government, especially the Ministry of Education and Culture, taking preventive steps to minimize contracting the virus. One of them is using online learning for students to go to school. However, there are challenges for teachers and students while learning in an online class, such as students who are often absent, students will quickly feel bored, students tend to be passive in the learning process, students do not master the learning material, and much more. It also happens in an English lesson, especially a dialogue activity. This research aims to prove whether using a board game can be effective media to reduce students’ language anxiety level or not during English learning in an online classroom. The kind of board game is the combination between snake and ladder and candy land, or it has been modified based on learning purpose. The research design used in this research is a quasi-trial non-equivalent control group design. The samples of this research are 60 ninth grades of junior high school students which are divided into the trial and control group. Data analyses used in this research are using SPSS mean score, data deviation, while hypothesis testing used in this research is the Mann-Whitney test. The result showed that a board game can reduce students’ anxiety levels. The data showed that the mean score of students after implementing board game reduces by 2.90 points, while the standard deviation increases by 2.901 points. From the Mann-Whitney test, it is known that Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) is 0.003 or < 0.05 which shows that H0 is rejected, and H1 is accepted. From the data analysis, it can be shown that the board game is effective media to reduce students’ language anxiety in dialogue activity during learning in an online class. Keywords: board game, language anxiety, online learning
How Confident are EFL Prospective Teachers toward Technology?
Fika Megawati;
Fitria Nur Hasanah;
Choirun Nisak Aulina;
Mauliya Avivi;
Nur Sholikha Muntiari
Lensa: Kajian Kebahasaan, Kesusastraan, dan Budaya Vol 10, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Fakultas Bahasa dan Budaya Asing (FBBA), Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang
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DOI: 10.26714/lensa.10.2.2020.137-151
The advance of ICT development in educational context encourages educators to increase their competence towards technology integration for classroom activities. Consequently, this phenomenon affects teacher education program to equip student teachers as the digital natives in this fourth industrial revolution era with skills accommodating their technology literacy as well as practice. However, to determine the appropriate integration model and supporting training program, analyzing technology confidence seems to be an important thing for initial development step for an institution. This study aims to investigate technology competence of English prospective teachers in terms of applications use capability, technology confidence based on GPA, and TPACK confidence. Questionnaire was used as the instrument, and it was administered to twenty eight participants. The data was analyzed descriptively. The findings reveal that most of the subjects are familiar with the technology application. Further, not all of the subjects are confident to their ICT competence. Inserting GPA information to the prospective teachers’ profile, it shows that high GPA do not guarantee high confidence on ICT use. For TPACK confidence result, it shows that more than 45% are confident to integrate technology in their classroom instruction.
Black America: Multimodal Discourse Analysis of Childish Gambino’s “This is America”
Mona Audryn Margaretha;
Yasmine Anabel Panjaitan
Lensa: Kajian Kebahasaan, Kesusastraan, dan Budaya Vol 10, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Fakultas Bahasa dan Budaya Asing (FBBA), Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang
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DOI: 10.26714/lensa.10.2.2020.190-205
A song can manifest itself as a critical instrument in the vast socio-political atmosphere. Often times a song conceals its real meaning within layers of linguistic elements and through visual communication. Upon the release of Childish Gambino’s This is America (2018), the music video has been assumed widely assumed to contain semiotic elements that criticize the injustice politics of race in America. To dig deeper into this assertion, we use Machin’s Lyrics Analysis (2010) and Kress and van Leeuwen’s Visual Grammar approach (2006) to analyze the illustrated semiotic elements. Both frameworks are two Multimodal Discourse Analysis approaches that explore interdisciplinary analysis in the discourse-oriented research. This article finds that Gambino does question the practice of black discrimination through gun and police violence in present America by utilizing distant words and excessive gestures in his visual communication as a diversion. They are purposefully placed to gain a profound observation from the audience, and thus able to spark a conversation regarding the issue in a greater scale. Furthermore, it is found that This is America applies comical aspects in the visual elements as a layering device. Through humorous semiotic elements, Gambino is discovered to highlight the commodification of black art in his music video.