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INDONESIA
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 25409573     EISSN : 25409581     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology (JTBB) is an authoritative source of information concerned with the advancement of tropical biology studies in the Southeast Asia Region. It publishes original scientific work related to a diverse range of fields in tropical biodiversity, functional biology, and biotechnology.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 10 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 5, No 3 (2020): December" : 10 Documents clear
Innovation of Natural Orchid Cultivation Technology for Tourism Development in Banyunganti Hamlet, Jatimulyo Village, Girimulyo Sub-District, Kulon Progo District, Yogyakarta Endang Semiarti; Aziz Purwantoro; Ari Indrianto; Aries Bagus Sasongko; Oktaviana Herawati; Asri Fajar Milasari
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 5, No 3 (2020): December
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.46283

Abstract

Orchid is the best tourism icon which focused on nature-based tourism development in Indonesia. Banyunganti Hamlet is one of the tourism villages in Kulon Progo which has a high diversity of orchid species. Regarding this situation, guiding and assistance for villagers which is focused on the introduction of natural orchid species and its character, conventional propagation, and modern propagation by using household-scale tissue culture techniques (sowing seeds and planting) is important to give. The long-term goal for this activity was for empowering women in Dusun Banyunganti in line with the opening of the New Yogyakarta International Airport by the government.
Species Diversity and Potential Utilization of Moraceae in Nglanggeran Ancient Volcano, Gunungkidul Regency, Yogyakarta Reinatawas Febri Santika; Ratna Susandarini
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 5, No 3 (2020): December
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.53005

Abstract

Nglanggeran Ancient Volcano is one of the ecotourism areas in Gunungkidul Regency, Yogyakarta. This ancient volcano is one of the geological sites in Pegunungan Sewu. Pegunungan Sewu is a National Geopark in Indonesia and has been designated as a UNESCO Global Geopark since 2015. The determination of an area into a National Geopark and Global Geopark makes the biodiversity in the area must be protected and preserved, including the plant diversity, one of which is Moraceae. The ecological and economic importance of Moraceae in Nglanggeran Ancient Volcano has not been documented properly. This fact encourages the need to do this research. The aim of this research was to record species diversity of Moraceae and its potential uses. The research was conducted in August-November 2019 at Nglanggeran Ancient Volcano and followed by data analysis in Plant Systematic Laboratory, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada. The samples were collected at two different tracks, covering the track to the peak and the pathway down. There were six species found, namely Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg, Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam., Ficus benjamina L., Ficus septica Burm. f., Maclura cochinchinensis (Lour.) Corner, and Streblus taxoides (Roth) Kurz. The potential uses of Moraceae by local people were identified from the interview and enriched by data from literature studies indicated that Moraceae plants were used as a food, medicine, for construction, soil protection plants, and houseplant.
Ectoparasite Infestation among Stray Cats around Surabaya Traditional Market, Indonesia Shifa Fauziyah; Abdul Hadi Furqoni; Norma Farizah Fahmi; Adi Pranoto; Pradika Gita Baskara; Lensa Rosdiana Safitri; Zukhaila Salma
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 5, No 3 (2020): December
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.53687

Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of ectoparasite infestation among stray cats around Surabaya traditional markets. A total of 305 stray cats were collected around 17 traditional markets in Surabaya City and were examined for the presence of fleas with a fine-toothed flea comb. Surveys were conducted during May-June 2019. 228 of 305 stray cats (74.75%) were infested with one species of ectoparasite. The average number of C. felis in every cat was 2.54, while the number of F. subrostratus in every cat was 0.33. Additional data about the gender, pregnancy/maternity, and bodyweight of every cat were recorded. The result of chi-square test shows that there is a significant difference between gender, pregnancy status, and bodyweight by the occurrence of ectoparasites (p=0.008; p=0.00; p=0.00). A total of 878 ectoparasites consisting of flea and lices, namely Ctenocephalides felis (88.27%) as the dominant ectoparasite, followed by Felicola subrostratus (11.73%). The highest infection rate (prevalence) of ectoparasite was found in Pucang Market (16.81%), while the lowest prevalence was found in Mulyorejo Market (0.8%). Coinfection was observed in only a few cats (1.63%). Multiple Regression showed that pregnancy is the most influential factor in the occurrence of fleas (p=0.000). These results should be taken into account among health workers to prevent a possible outbreak of zoonotic diseases caused by fleas. 
Plant Conservation Based on Tri Mandala Concept on Homegarden at Pakraman Penge Village, Baru Village, Marga District, Tabanan Regency, Bali I Dewa Putu Darma; Sutomo Sutomo; Siti Fatimah Hanum; Rajif Iryadi
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 5, No 3 (2020): December
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.56260

Abstract

Penge Pakraman village is a traditional village that has the potency to become ecotourism. The emergence of new tourist attractions affects land changes to support tourism activities. This causes the number of plant species in nature to decrease. Plant conservation by utilizing local wisdom is one effort to reduce the decrease of plant species number. The application of Tri Hita Karana and Tri Mandala in Balinese daily life able to support plant conservation activity. The objective of this research was to determine the role of Tri Mandala concept in plant conservation at Pakraman Penge home garden. Data collection methods are carried out through observation plant location with inventory number and name of plants in house sample. Plant use continues with study literature. The results of an inventory of plant diversity in home gardens of Pakraman Penge village recorded 70 species of plants from 16 houses sample. The plant habitus varied from herbs, shrubs until trees. Plant species in the home gardens have functions for ceremonies (51%), medicinal (24%), ornamental (17%), food (6%), and spices (2%). However, based on the location, most plant species were found in madya mandala and the lowest were found in utama mandala. We also found plants with conservation status consist of least concerned (15 species), vulnerable (Dracaena draco), near threatened (Cycas rumphii), endangered (Coffea arabica). Therefore, the application of Tri Mandala concept on Balinese home gardens supports plant conservation and gives economic benefit in individual level
Antihyperglycemic and Antioxidant Activity of Nanoemulsion Extracts of M. affine D. Don Leaves in Alloxan-Induced Rat Safrida Safrida; Khairil Khairil; Fani Fardinita
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 5, No 3 (2020): December
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.56701

Abstract

This study determined the antihyperglycemic and antioxidant activity of nanoemulsion extracts of M. affine leaves in alloxan-induced rats. This research used 24 male Wistar rats around three months old which grouped as normal (untreated), negative control (treated with carboxymethyl cellulose sodium/Na-CMC,), positive control (treated with glibenclamide), and various concentration (30, 60, and 90%) of nanoemulsion extract of M. affine leaves groups. The extract of M. affine leaves had an antioxidant activity with IC50 5.30 ppm, categorized as a very strong antioxidant. Furthermore, the administration of this extract decreased glucose levels in antihyperglycemic rats.  We concluded that M. affine leaves extract potential as antioxidants and be developed as an ingredient for diabetic drugs.
UV Mutagenesis as a Strategy to Enhance Growth and Lipid Productivity of Chlorella sp. 042 Rike Rachmayati; Eva Agustriana; Delicia Yunita Rahman
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 5, No 3 (2020): December
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.56862

Abstract

Microalgae appeared to be an alternative feedstock for renewable biodiesel production due to their capability to accumulate considerable amounts of lipids. In this study, mutagenesis using UVC light with different periods was applied to Chlorella sp. 042 to produce a microalgae strain with high lipid productivity of 45, 60, and 75 min. The Nile red fluorescence method was conducted to select a Chlorella sp. mutant with high neutral lipid and generated one mutant from every UV mutation period, M45-06, M60-02, and M75-21. All of the mutants have higher growth rates than the wild type. Chlorella sp. 042 M60-02 achieved the highest lipid productivity, with 34 mg L-1 day-1. Furthermore, as other major biochemical components, carbohydrate and protein contents were determined. Our results showed that all the mutants enhance their carbohydrate and protein contents compared to the wild type. However, mutations for more than 60 min do not intensely change the protein content of mutant microalgae. Gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometry analysis revealed that M60-02 mutant has similar FAME profiles with the wild type, which contain palmitic acid (C16:0), stearic acid (C 18:0), oleic acid (C18:1), and linoleic acid (C18:2). These results demonstrate that the UV mutation of Chlorella sp. 042 for 60 min is suitable as a source of biodiesel production.
Leaf Vein Density of Tree Saplings Composing Lower Canopy in Tropical Forest Reflects Their Ecophysiological Characteristics Yansen Yansen; Deselina Deselina
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 5, No 3 (2020): December
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.57306

Abstract

One factor affecting the survival of a species in a tropical ecosystem is its ability to respond to environmental conditions, which depend on their ecophysiological performances. Plants ability to transport water as a major environmental factor would determine their survival. The anatomy of xylem inside leaves and stem as water conductive tissue will dictate the rate of water transport through the plant stem and leaves. Leaf vein, which contains xylem vessels, dictates water transport through leaves and plant’s ability to control water loss through stomata. This research found that tree saplings composing a lower canopy of tropical forests have different ecophysiological attributes. Pioneer species, such as Cinnamomum sp., Diospyros macrophylla, Castanopsis costata, Elateriospermum tapos, and Ziziphus sp., have higher leaf vein density than primary species, such as a member of genus Garcinia, Shorea, Dipterocarpus, and Syzigium. It implies that pioneer species might have higher rates of water transport and consequently, higher rates of photosynthesis. If forest vegetation was more opened, then pioneer species may dominate the area as they are more tolerant of light. The Composition of forest vegetation with different ecophysiological characteristics may affect the forest dynamics and hydrological cycle.
Distribution record of Musa borneensis var. sarawakensis Becc. and Musa campestris var. sarawakensis Becc. in West Kalimantan, Indonesia Ari Sunandar; Arif Didik Kurniawan
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 5, No 3 (2020): December
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.57681

Abstract

Borneo Island has a large number of wild banana species. As a part of Borneo Island, West Kalimantan has limited information about the diversity of wild bananas. This research aims to update the record distribution of wild bananas from Bonti District of Sanggau Regency and to determine their morphological characteristics. Exploration method and resident information were used in this study. Two species of wild bananas have been identified and considered as new distribution records in West Kalimantan Province, namely-Musa borneensis var. sarawakensis with morphological character pseudostem red-purple colour, sparse black-purple blotches at petiole base, leaf base shape rounded on both sides, male bud red-purple colour and Musa campestris var. sarawakensis with morphological character pseudostem yellow-green colour, inflorescence erect, leaf base one side rounded and one-pointed, the dorsally pink-purple and ventrally pink-purple colour of bract.
Ulva lactuca Linnaeus Potentially Promotes Reproductive Indices and Depressive-like Behavior of Hypertriglyceridemia Male Wistar Rats (Rattus norvegicus Berkenhout, 1769) Anggoro Chandra Yulistiyanto; Mayumi Hersasanti; Rahadian Yudo Hartantyo; Laksmindra Fitria; Abdul Razaq Chasani; Mulyati Mulyati
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 5, No 3 (2020): December
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.57924

Abstract

Excessive consumption of fatty foods can lead to hyperlipidemia, which is often coupled with hypertriglyceridemia (HTG), a condition where blood plasma triglyceride (TG) levels elevated beyond normal levels. This condition may disturb physiological functions of the body, such as reproductive functions, and other physiological imbalances leading to chronic stress and depression. Ulva lactuca is a potential natural treatment for HTG, as it contains various nutrients to aid physiological functions. This seaweed also has high levels of Cd, which can increase depression. Therefore, research on the potential benefits of U. lactuca should be followed by an investigation of its health risks. This research aimed to examine the effects of HTG and treatment with U. lactuca on reproduction and depressive-like behavior of male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus Berkenhout, 1769). The data collected in this research include body weight, serum TG concentration, gonadosomatic index (GSI), serum testosterone concentration using competitive ELISA, and depressive-like behaviors assessed using the Forced Swim Test (FST) and Open Field Test (OFT). Data were analyzed using One-Way ANOVA followed by DMRT, independent- and paired-samples t-test, and Kruskal-Wallis H test with a significance value of α=0.05. Body weight, serum TG and testosterone concentration, GSI, and depressive-like behaviors were increased by the HTG condition. Ulva lactuca at the1500 mg/kg BW/day did not significantly affect body weight, testosterone concentration, and depressive-like behaviors of HTG rats. Meanwhile, this treatment significantly increased the GSI and depressive-like behaviors of healthy rats. These results suggest that Ulva lactuca treatment not only enhances gonad growth and development but also increases depressive-like behaviors.
Epilithic Microalgae Isolated from Biofilm on Borobudur Temple Stone Debora Christin Purbani; Ade Lia Putri; Moh. Habibi
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 5, No 3 (2020): December
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.59216

Abstract

Borobudur Temple is a historical heritage building located in an open area and made of porous building materials (stone materials). This condition makes the Borobudur Temple susceptible to various problems related to degradation and weathering. Biodeterioration of Borobudur Temple may be caused by activities of living organisms present in the biofilm of stone. Continuous monitoring and evaluation need to be carried out by observing and isolating the growth of micro-organisms, including epilithic microalgae. Therefore, this study aims to isolate and identify epilithic microalgae from the biofilm on Borobudur Temple stones. Epilithic microalgae were isolated to obtain a uni-algae and maintained under culture conditions. The morphological of microalgae were observed using light microscopy, while the 18S rRNA gene sequence determined the molecular identification of microalgae for eukaryotic and 16S rRNA sequence for prokaryotic. A total of nine epilithic microalgae were successfully isolated from the biofilm of Borobudur Temple stones. The isolated were identified as Ankistrodesmus falcatus, Tetraselmis cordiformis, Pseudendoclonium arthropyreniae,  Anabaena cylindrica,  Nostoc gelatinosum, Oscillatoria limnetica, Messastrum gracile, Stigeoclonium aestivale, and Scenedesmus acuminatus. This is the first study for the identification of microalgae from Borobudur temple stones. The isolates will be collected and will be used as a source for further study.

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