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BERITA BIOLOGI

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Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia

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Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

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Articles 30 Documents

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Search results for , issue "Vol 9, No 2 (2008)" : 30 Documents clear

SISTEM PENYERBUKAN ALTERNATIF Talinum triangulare Willd.: EFEK PERLAKUAN PENYERBUKAN PAD A AKTIFITAS BUNGA DAN PEMBENTUKAN BUI Rachman, Erlin
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 2 (2008)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Eight pollination treatments were executed on Talinum triangulare Willd. to observe alternative pollination systems and its effect on some flower activities and seed setting. The treatments can be grouped to autogamy and allogamy or geitonogamy.Flowers simultaneously were treated by the eight treatments day by day for two weeks in a month with three replications.Parameters observed were fruit set, anthesis duration, seed number per capsule and presence of stigmatic curvature. The result showed that the plant species was evidently flexible in pollination systems but the plant was outcrossing species with highest seed number (58.73 Â± 5.95) per capsule and did not show stigmatic lobe curvature. The second and the third highest seed number per capsule were given by natural pollination with or without anther removal and with or without artificial polination (50.5 Â± 2,87 and 49.0 Â± 1) and this treatments also did not showed stigmatic lobe curvature. Articial pollination with or without flower bagging, withor without anther removal and with or without natural pollination generally gave lower seed number per capsule 40.67 Â± 5.69,32.67 Â± 10.95, 43.67 Â± 9.5) except spontan autogamy(49.29 Â± 10.14) and some of this treatments showed sigmatic lobe curvature.Stigmatic lobe curvature, therefore, was occured when no pollen occupation on it until prior to naturally flower reclose. Flower would be abscised when no artificial or natural pollination was happened but its stigma was curved before shed. Primary pollination mechanism in the plant was cross polllination (allogamy) but the plant is enough flexible in pollination systems. Autogamy especially spontan autogamy seem to be alternative pollination mechanism when no natural polinator visit.

KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS BEGONIA (Begoniaceae) LIAR DI JAWA BARAT Girmansyah, Deden
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 2 (2008)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

A taxonomic study of the wild genera of Begonia Blume {Begoniaceae) in West Java was conducted based on morphological characters. Nine known species (Begonia areolata Miq., Begonia isoptera Dryander, Begonia lepida Blume, B. longifolia Blume, B. multangula Blume, B. muricata Blume, B. repanda Blume, B. robusta Blume and B. tenuifolia Dryander) and one new species Begonia sp. was discovered. An identification key and information about potential uses of West Javas Begonia are described. Beside as ornamental plants, Begonia can be used for medicinal plant such as B. isoptera for spleen diseases.

DIVERSITAS DAN PROFIL METABOLIT SEKUNDER JAMUR ENDOFIT YANG DIISOLASI DARI TUMBUHAN GAMBIR (Uncaria gambler) SERTA AKTIVITAS BIOLOGISNYA SEBAGAI ANTIBAKTERI Jamal, Yuliasri; Ilyas, Muhamad; Kanti, Atit; Agusta, Andria
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 2 (2008)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Five kinds of endophytic filamentous fungi i.e. Pestalotiopsis sp. GNC, Fusarium sp. GNC-A, Fusahum sp. GNC-B, Pestalotiopsis sp. GUC and Fusarium sp. GUC were isolated from surface sterilized of steems of gambir nasi and gambir udang (Uncaria gambier Roxb.) collected from Rengat, Riau Province,Indonesia. Identification of the endophytic fungi were done through morphologically observations and chemotaxonomically approach. In an antibacterial assays, the ethyl acetate extract of the Pestalotiopsis sp.GNC cultures showed their activity against pathogenic bacteria, Eschericia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus sublilis.Beside the above three pathogenic bacteria, the ethyl acetate extract of Fusarium sp. GNC-B culture was also active against

VAKSINASI DINI Bordetella bronchiseptica PADA ANAK BABI MENCEGAH KERUSAKAN SEL-SEL EPITEL BERBULU GETAR PADA MUKOSA SALURAN NAFAS BAGIAN ATAS Chotiah, Siti
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 2 (2008)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v9i2.2029

The upper respiratory tract is lined with ciliated epithelium or brush border that functions as the primary filter to the respiratory tissue. Epithelial trauma caused by neonatal bordetellosis serves as the predisposing factor for other respiratory diseases in growing pig. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness life nonpathogenic Bordetella Bronchiseptica vaccine that used in sucking piglets in Indonesia, to prevent the damage of ciliated epithelium. Twenty four sucking piglets 2 to 3 day-old were divided into treatment group containing fourteen and nontreatment group containing ten. Each sucking piglet of treatment group was vaccinated with life nonpathogenic Bordetella Bronchiseptica vaccine by intra nasal with 0.5 ml/nostril dose containing more than72.0xl0 CFU/ml bacteria. Three weeks post vaccination 10 of those treatment group and 6 from nontreatment group were challenged against local isolate B. bronchiseptica BS9 (BCC2455) toxigenic with 4.2xlOCFU/ml dose. The clinical signs, reisolation of bacteria, and histopathological changes were observed. The result showed that 3 of 10, 5 of 6, 0 of 4, and 3 of 4 treatment and challenge sucking piglet group, nontreatment and challenge sucking piglet group, treatment and not challenge sucking piglet group,and nontreatment and not challenge sucking piglet group were found lost of cilia from most of the ciliated epithelial cells of nasal mucosa respectively. Three of 10, 4 of 6, 1 of 4, and 4 of 4 treatment and challenge sucking piglet group, nontreatment and challenge sucking piglet group, treatment and not challenge sucking piglet group, and nontreatment and not challenge sucking piglet group were found epithelial cells desquamation of nasal mucosa respectively. The results indicated that life nonpathogenic Bordetella Bronchiseptica vaccine could give 70 % protection against infection of B. bronchiseptica local isolate BS9 (BCC245) toxigenic infection and 75% wild type isolate present at the farm used for this research.

ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI SENYAWA ANTIBAKTERI MINYAK ATSIRI DAUN KEMBANG BULAN {Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsley) A. Gray} Soetjipto, Hartati; Dewi, Lusiawati; Prayitno, Sentot Adi
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 2 (2008)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Isolation and identification of chemical compounds and antibacterial compounds of the essential oil of Kembang bulan or Japanese sunflower {Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsley) A. Gray} leaves showed that the essential oil contain 29 components. The main components were caryophyllene (27.76%), nerolidol (21.81%),caryophyllene oxide (7.06%), copaene (6.41%) and bicylogermacrene (4.90%). The oil was screened for their antibacterial activity through bioautography method. Two antibacterial spots which had Rf 0.49 and Rf 0.61were obtained. The spot with Rf 0.49 was a mixture of 21 compounds with main compounds were heneicosane, nonacosane and tetratetracontane, while the spot with Rf 0.61 consisted of 22 compounds, which the main compound was nerolidol.

PENGARUH PERLAKUAN AWAL UMBI DAN APLIKASI MEDIA TANAM TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL LEMPUYANG GAJAH {Zingiber zerumbet (L.) J.E. Smith} Sulianti, Sri Budi
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 2 (2008)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Zingiber zerumbet (L.) J.E. Smith, usually called as lempuyang gajah is belonging into Zingiberaceae. This plant has been used as traditional medicine for curing coach, asma, headache, diarrhoe and disentry. Objective of study was to determine the effect of pretreatment and growth media on the productivity of Z. Zerumbet. Research was conducted in Treub Experimental Garden,Research Centre for Biology-The Indonesian Institute of Science (LIPI), Bogor. The experiment using a Factorial Completely Randomized Design with two main factors in five replications. The first factor was pretreatment of rhizome (no treatment and pretreatment on growth chamber); the second factor was growth media i.e. soil, soil+sand+cow manure (1:1:2) and soil+sand+cow manure+compost (1:1:2:2.). The result showed that pretreatment of rhizome had significant effect on number of shoots, no pretreatment of rhizome sicnificantly had higher value. Growth media had significant effects on growth and yield which had the highest value on all parameters observed. There was an interaction effect of rhizome pretreatmnent and growth media. The best result was on the combination treatment of no pretreatment rhizome and mixed media of soil+sand+cow manure+compost(1:1:2:2.) which had the highest dry weight of rhizome.

KEANEKARAGAMAN DAN DAYA DEGRADASI SELULOSA JAMUR TANAH DIHUTAN BEKAS TERBAKAR WANARISET-SEMBOJA, KALIMANTAN TIMUR Suciatmih, Suciatmih
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 2 (2008)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

In order to know the effect of isolation method on the occurrence and capability of soil fungi to degrade cellulose,a study was conducted in postburning forest in Wanariset-Semboja, East Kalimantan. Soil fungi were isolated using three isolation methods:incubation at 45Â° C, treatment with 50 % ethanol for 15 minutes, and heat treatment at 70Â° C for 15 minutes.Plates for heat incubation and for other methods were incubated at 45Â° C and 27Â° C for three days, respectively. Cellulose degradation test of isolated fungi was examined using Carboxy Methyl Cellulose (CMC) media. Results showed that isolation method affected diversity and population of soil fungi. Heat treatment at 70Â° C for 15 minutes appeared to have highest diversity and population of soil fungi. Eupenicillium Javanicum var javanicum (van Veyma) Stolk & Scott, Talaromyces byssoclamydoides Stolk & Samson, T. flavus(Klocker) Stolk & Samson, T. stipitatus C.R. Benjamin, and Penicillium argillaceum Stolk et al. were dominant in postburning forest in Wanariset-Semboja, East Kalimantan. Twenty-one isolated fungi degraded cellulose.

ANEW RECORD OF Gunda ochracea Walker (LEPIDOPTERA: BOMBYCIDAE) FROM GUNUNG HALIMUN-SALAK NATIONAL PARK [Rekaman Baru Gunda ochracea Walker (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) dari Taman Nasional Gunung Halimun-Salak, Jawa Barat] Sutrisno, Hari
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 2 (2008)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Gunda ochracea Walker (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) in this report, has been recorded for the first time from Gunung Halimun-Salak National Park.So far,only G.javanica Moore is known to distribute in Java.A brief description and life pictures of a male and a female of Gunda ochracea are presented.

FLORA GUNUNG KELIMUTU DAN GUNUNG KELIBARA TAMAN NASIONAL KELIMUTU, PULAU FLORES, NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR Wiriadinata, Harry; Wawo, Albert H
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 2 (2008)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v9i2.2027

Flora of Mt Kelimutu and Mt Kelibara, Kelimutu National Park, Flores, Lesser Sunda Islands had been studied in July-August 2007.About 70 species belongs to 67 families of plants were collected. Vegetation is dominated by Casuarina junghuhniana Eucalyptus urophylla forest and mixed mountain forest composed of e.q. Ficus variegata, Prunus arborea, Actinodaphne glomerata, Litsea resinosa, Celtis tetrandra and Engelhardtia spicata. It is very interesting due it has many endemic species such as Agalmyla elongata, Calamus heteracanthus, Saurauia schmutzii and S. verheijernii those are endemic to Flores island and Rhododendron renschianum which is endemic in the Kelimutu National Park. During the exploration a new species of Begonia kelimutuensis (in preparation) was recorded.

KILAS BALIK PENELITIAN KROMOSOM PALEM INDONESIA Witono, Joko Ridho
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 2 (2008)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

There are 525 native palm species to Indonesia.Chromosome numbers of 61 Indonesian palm species have been reported,unfortunately, not all species were presented by their karyotype. Re-observation of palm chromosomes is needed, because mis identification of particular species and uncorrect chromosome counts might be happen in the past. Chromosome characteristics of some families, such as Poaceae and Onagraceae were proved useful for classification.On palms, almost all species within similar genera were known had similar chromosome numbers and different in chromosome forms and sizes.Trends to employ chromosome characteristics for palm classification is possible.Since, chromosome information on palm is limited,chromosome research has great challenge to do in the future.

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