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All Journal Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi SAINS DAN MATEMATIKA Jurnal Akademika Biologi BERITA BIOLOGI Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Jurnal Biologi Tropika
Karyadi Baskoro
Biology Department, Faculty Of Sciences And Mathematics, Diponegoro University
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Education Mathematics

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kologi Pemangsaan Ikan Oskar dan Potensi Dampak Introduksinya ( Trichoderma harzianum Potency as a Biofungicide on Tomato Plant ) Baskoro, Karyadi; Sjarmidi, A; Rustama, A
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 1, No 1 (2009): March 2009
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v1i1.41

Abstract

Penelitian mengenai ekologi pemangsaan ikan oskar (Astronotus ocellatus Agassiz) ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola waktu makan, pengaruh ukuran mangsa terhadap tingkat pemangsaan, pengaruh kepadatan mangsa terhadap tingkat pemangsaan, perilaku pemangsaan, dan mengkaji potensi dampak introduksi ikan oskar. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Danau Rawa Pening, Ambarawa, dan di Laboratorium Biologi Universitas Diponegoro. Pola waktu makan diuji dengan mencatat jumlah mangsa yang dikonsumsi setiap 2 jam. Pengujian pengaruh ukuran mangsa terhadap tingkat pemangsaan oskar dilakukan dengan memberi mangsa berbagai ukuran. Pengujian pengaruh kepadatan mangsa terhadap tingkat pemangsaan untuk uji satu mangsa, dilakukan dengan memberi mangsa secara bertahap sampai tercapai jumlah optimum. Untuk uji dua mangsa, jumlah mangsa diberikan dalam berbagai proporsi (16:4, 12:8, 10:10, 8:12, 4:16). Sifat pemangsaan ikan oskar diuji dengan mendedahkannya selama 1 hari di stasiun lapangan, kemudian dilakukan analisis saluran pencernaan. Sedangkan di laboratorium dicatat tingkat konsumsi tujuh jenis mangsa setiap 24 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ikan oskar bersifat diurnal. Ukuran mangsa (hambatan morfologi), mempengaruhi tingkat pemangsaan ditunjukkan dengan konsumsi mangsa yang berukuran lebih kecil dari ukuran mulut ikan oskar (< 1,4 cm). Tingkat pemangsaan dipengaruhi secara nyata oleh pertambahan tingkat kepadatan mangsa (y = -0,0233x2 + 1,4471x – 1,6357; r2 = 0,959; p>0,05 dan y = -0,0348x2 + 1,9155x–4,7821; r2=0,855; p>0,05) dan menunjukkan adanya respon fungsional (I dan II). Ikan oskar menunjukkan sifat pergeseran mangsa dari proporsi mangsa (16:4) ke (4:16), mengikuti kepadatan mangsa yang lebih tinggi. Ikan oskar mengkonsumsi semua jenis mangsa (tujuh jenis) sehingga dapat disebut sebagai karnivora generalis. Berdasarkan hasil percobaan dan studi literatur, dapat dinyatakan bahwa ikan oskar berpotensi untuk menjadi mantap dan invasif, dan menimbulkan gangguan terhadap komponen biotik lokal pada komunitas perairan. Kata Kunci : jenis introduksi, pemangsaan, oskar
Komposisi Vegetasi Habitat Lutung Jawa (Trachypithecus auratus) di Kawasan Wana Wisata Kalipaingan Kabupaten Pekalongan Kurniawan, Arif; Baskoro, Karyadi; Jumari, J
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 21, No 2, Tahun 2019
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (320.976 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/bioma.21.2.132-138

Abstract

Declining population of  javan langur caused by several factors such as deforestation and forest fragmentation which are the main habitat for langurs. the vegetation composition of the langur habitat is very important with regard to the density and dominance of trees that have special functions such as tree feed sources, trees at rest and sleeping trees.  Research on Javan langur habitat had been conducted Wana Wisata Kalipaingan, Pekalongan Regency. Habitat data, as vegetation community and abiotic factor also collected. The research was conducted in March-July 2018. Tree spesies that has the largest INP value is petung bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper) followed by bendo (Atrocorpus elasticus). There are 9 spesies used as feed sources. 3 spesies are used as resting places and 1 tree spesies asa a sleep places.
Keragaman Varietas Mangga (Mangifera indica L.) Di Kotamadya Semarang Jawa Tengah Utami, Sri; Baskoro, Karyadi; Perwati, Lilih Khotim; Murningsih, M
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 21, No 2, Tahun 2019
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (413.797 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/bioma.21.2.121-125

Abstract

Mango is a fruit that is very popular with the community, especially in Semarang. The taste is sweet, refreshing and has a high vitamine content is the reason this fruit has become one of the superior fruit. In the Semarang area there are quite a lot of mango trees with various varieties. These various mango varieties are potential genetic resources that need to be preserved. This study aims to explore the various mango tree varieats that grow in the municipal area of Semarang. Research techniques by exploring in 3 districts are Banyumanik, Tembalang  and Gunung Pati. The results showed 14 varieties of mango and the most widely grown varieties by the people in the municipality of Semarang are arum manis and manalagi mango. Some of them are local mangoes, mango cultivation and imported mangoes. Local varieties of mango are only found in very small quantities and have begun to scarce, so it is feared that the supply of mango germplasm is increasingly depleting. Germplasm of local mango plants is important to be preserved as a wealth of genetic resources in the Municipality of Semarang
Studi Populasi dan Habitat Owa Jawa (Hylobates moloch Audebert 1797) di Kawasan Wana Wisata Kali Paingan Linggo Asri, Pekalongan, Jawa Tengah Putra, M. Fadhil Randa; Baskoro, Karyadi; Hadi, Mochamad
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 20, No 2, Tahun 2018
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (205.323 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/bioma.20.2.154-164

Abstract

Javan Gibbon (Hylobates moloch) is an Indonesian endemic primate found on Java, in the province of West Java and Central Java. It is an Endangered species by IUCN and protected by Ministry of Environment and Forestry regulation No. P20/2018. Wana Wisata Kali Paingan was known as Javan gibbon habitat in Central Java, although not much research have been done. This study aimed to find out the population data and habitat of Javan Gibbon. This study was conducted in Wana Wisata Kali Paingan during April until May 2018 and Line Transect method was used in two tracks, Kali Wadas and Jurang Jero, with 1 kilometer and 5 repetition each. Result showed that 12 individuals in 4 groups was found with the density was 13,75 individuals /km2 and 4,39 groups/km2. Then at 6,7 km2 representative area the estimation was obtained 92 individuals and 29 groups. Javan gibbons were distributed from 630-780 MASL with the different sizes of groups. There were 25 species in 21 families trees and 4 species in 4 family poles was found. The dominant species was bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris) and terap tree (Artocarpus elasticus). Javan gibbon’s favorite food trees were Terap tree, Ficus (Urostigma glaberrium) and (Ficus sinuata). There were several families of food trees for Javan gibbons including Moraceae, Euphobiaceae, Meliaceae, Lauraceae, and Fagaceae..   Keywords : Javan gibbon, Population, Habitat, Wana Wisata Kali Paingan
Abundance and Diversity of Bryofauna in Coffee and Tea Vegetations Rahadian, Rully; Perwati, Lilih Khotim; Baskoro, Karyadi
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 18, No.1, Tahun 2016
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (70.764 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/bioma.18.2.1-6

Abstract

Forest alteration into agroecosystem affect many organisms including bryofauna which their survivorship depend much on their host. Coffee and tea plantation are common agroecosystem in Indonesia. So far, the effect of habitat alteration on Bryofauna community have not been known yet. The objective of this study is to determine community structure attributes i.e., abundance, diversity and composition of bryofauna living in coffee and tea vegetation. The study was located in Ungaran Mountain, District of Semarang Indonesia. Bryofauna were extracted from moss using Tullgren funnel method and were identified until possible taxa. Bryofauna sampling was conducted both in coffee and tea vegetation. Bryofauna were extracted from the moss using Tullgren funnel method. The result shows that Acari was the most abundant both in coffee and tea area. Generally, bryofauna was more abundant in the coffee vegetation than in the tea vegetation. The diversity of bryofauna was not affected neither by altitude nor vegetation. However, the diversity of bryofauna seems affected more by their host, bryophyte. Keywords: Bryofauna, Acari, coffee and tea vegetation.
Perbandingan Komposisi Tumbuhan Lumut Epifit Pada Hutan Alam, Kebun Kopi dan Kebun Teh di Sepanjang Gradien Ketinggian Gunung Ungaran, Jawa Tengah Perwati, Lilih Khotim; Rahadian, Rully; Baskoro, Karyadi
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 17, No.2, Tahun 2015
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (200.952 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/bioma.17.2.83-93

Abstract

Study on the impact of differences in altitude and land use changes was conducted in natural forest, coffee and tea plantations in along altitudinal gradient of Ungaran mountain from 750 to 2040 m a.s.l. The objective of this study were to compare composition of epiphytic bryophytes species in third sites. Epiphytic bryophytes sampling were done in plots 20 x 30 cm were applied on height of tree betwen 0-2 m. A total of 103 species of epiphytics bryophytes were identified, involve 58 species of mosses (Bryophyta Division) and 45 species of liverworts (Marchantiophyta Division). The composition of bryophytes in natural forest is more diverse than in coffee and tea plantations. Lejeunaceae have the highest number of species. There are seven life forms of epiphytic bryophytes in the present study i.e. Turf, Cushion, Mats, Wefts, Dendroid, Pendant  and Fans. The most common is Mats and Turf form, while Pendant and Dendroid form only found in natural forest.   Key words: Bryophytes, epiphytes, altitude, land use changes, life form
Pengaruh Pemberian Hidrogen Peroksida (H2O2) Dalam Pengendalian Ektoparasit, Dan Kelangsungan Hidup Benih Ikan Nila Salin (Oreochromis niloticus) Di Balai Besar Perikanan Budidaya Air Payau Jepara Arini, Priesty Dyah; Muhammad, Fuad; Baskoro, Karyadi; Fahris, Noor
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 20, No. 1, Tahun 2018
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (202.015 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/bioma.20.1.59-65

Abstract

Nile tilapia fish (saline) is tolerable to high salinity and has a better resilience in environmental change, make it perfect for fish culture in the ponds. Problems which usually occur in fish culture is disease which is triggered by the decrease of water quality so that the parasytes begin to emerge. The ectoparasyte which usually attacks the fish is Trichodina sp. By adding hydrogen peroxide into the water medium, this type of ectoparasyte is expected to be controlled. This research is conducted to examine the influence of the hydrogen peroxide concentration difference to the increase of water medium quality, ectoparasyte controlling, and the survival rate of nile tilapia fish. The used method is by adding hydrogen peroxide into the water medium in various concentration, 0 ppm as control, 5 ppm, 10 ppm, and 15 ppm given in three times until day 10. The result of this research shown that different hydrogen peroxide concentration may influence the quality of the water medium, controling ectoparasyte,  increase nile tilapia survival rate. The medium with hydrogen peroxide concentration (15 ppm) shows the best result. Keywords: nile tilapia fish, Trichodina sp, hydrogen peroxide, water medium quality, ectoparasyte control, survival rate.
Variasi Karakter Morfologi Cyrtodactylus marmoratus Gray, 1831 (Reptilia: Squamata: Gekkonidae) dari Pulau Jawa Wiradarma, Huda; Baskoro, Karyadi; Hadi, Mochamad; Hamidy, Amir; Riyanto, Awal
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 21, No 2, Tahun 2019
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (862.804 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/bioma.21.2.173-184

Abstract

Cyrtodactylus marmoratus is one of the first species described by Gray in 1831 on the island of Java that believed to have a variation of morphologic characters that not yet complete to revealed. This research aimed to develop any variation characters possessed by Cyrtodactylus marmoratus. The character morphology, morphometric, and meristic follow the statement of Hartmann (2016). Data were collected in August to November in the Lab. Herpetology MZB (Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense) LIPI (The Indonesian Institute of Sciences). Variation characters possessed  by Cyrtodactylus marmoratus, there are 4 Characters Morphology: Head Morph (HM), Patern Morph on the Body (PtrM), Post Cloacal Tubercles (PCT), and second post mental (PM2); a Morphometry Characters is snout-vent Length (SVL); and 12 characters Meristic are: Precloacal Pores (PP), Precloaco-femoral Pores (PFP), Enlarged Precloaco-femoral Scales (EPFS), Ventral Scales (VS), Paravertebral Tubercles (PVT), Dorsal Tubercles (DTR), Lamella Under Toe-IV (LT4), Lamella Under Toe-V (LT5), Lamella Under Finger-III (LF3), Lamella Finger-IV (LF4), Femoral Pores Left (FPL), Femoral Pores Right (FPR).
Diatom Epipelik sebagai Bioindikator Kualitas Perairan Danau Rawa Pening Soeprobowati, Tri Retnaningsih; Hidayat, Jafron Wasiq; Baskoro, Karyadi
JURNAL SAINS DAN MATEMATIKA Volume 19 Issue 4 Year 2011
Publisher : JURNAL SAINS DAN MATEMATIKA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (8064.443 KB)

Abstract

Diatom is a unicellular micro algae that had an important role in the food web and major contributor of oxygen in the water. The short life cycle, rapid reproduction, cosmopolite, wide spread distribution, variation in population, most are sensitive to the environmental changes, easily handle samples and identification, low cost of  sampling and data analysis may promote diatoms as a powerful bioindicator of water quality. The unique siliceous frustules make diatoms able to preserve in the sediment. Rawa Pening is a semi natural lake that administratively surrounded by four districts that consist of 27 villages. The main problem of this lake is erosion in the upstream and sedimentation in the downstream area as well as uncontrolled of aquatic plant growth, particularly water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) that induce lake shallowness. For people who live around Rawa Pening, this lake had been used for agricultural irrigation, fisheries, electricity power and tourism. To conserve the lake, as 3rd World Water Forum in Tokyo, March 2003 and 2006 – 2009 National Research Agenda there is a need of limnological research on the environmental changes. This research was conducted in order to study the potential used of epipelic diatom as bioindicator of lenthic ecosystem, particularly Rawa Pening Lake. Water and sediment samples were taken from 27 sites from inlet, outlet and water body of Rawa Pining Lake. There were 254 diatom species that consist of 8 Centrophycidae species and 246 Pennatophycidae species. The population varied between 6,989 and 3,781,000 individual/gram. Based on diversity indices of diatom, some part of Rawapening Lake was unstable, whereas the others were stable based on the diversity indices. Based on epipelic diatom, Rawa Pening Lake and its catchments area might be divided into 3 groups: agricultural lotic ecosystem, settlement lotic ecosystem and lenthic ecosystem. The high population of Synedra ulna, Nitzschia palea and Aulacoseira indicated that the lake is eutrophic that tent to be hypereutrophic. It was supported by high concentration of total nitrogen and phosphorous. The concentration of heavy metals Cadmium, Chromium, Copper and Lead were very high in sediment. However, the government of Indonesia has not yet set up sediment quality criteria. The following research would be proposed on this matter. Key words: diatom, bioindicator, water quality, Rawapening
STRUKTUR DAN KOMPOSISI VEGETASI HABITAT JULANG EMAS (Aceros undulatus) DI GUNUNG UNGARAN JAWA TENGAH Himmah, Izzun; Utami, Sri; Baskoro, Karyadi
JURNAL SAINS DAN MATEMATIKA Volume 18 Issue 3 Year 2010
Publisher : JURNAL SAINS DAN MATEMATIKA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (6206.581 KB)

Abstract

Abstrak ---Julang emas  merupakan  salah  satu  jenis burung Bucerotidae  yang  seluruh  jenisnya  saat ini  terancam  punah  karena  jumlah populasinya  yang terus menurun. Salah  satu hal yang menyebabkan penurunan  tersebut  adalah  berkurangnya kawasan  habitat  yang  menyediakan  vegetasi  sebagai  sumber  pakan, tempat berlindung, bermain,  istirahat, mengasuh  dan membesarkan  anak-anaknya.  Gunung Ungaran menrpakan  salah  satu  habitat  buruag  Julang  emas  yamg  terdapat  di Jawa  Tengah.  Prevalensi  Julang  emas  di Gunung  Ungaran  hanya  terdapat  di Bukit Watuondo  dan  Bukit Gentong.  Tujuan  penelitian  ini adalah  untuk membandingkan  struktur  dan komposisi vegetasi antara Bukit  Watuondo dan Bukit  Gentong, serta mengetahui  ketersediaan  vegetasi  yang  berpotensi  sebagai  habitat  sarang  dan  sumber  pakan  di kedua  wilayah tersebut.  Bukit Watuondo  dan  Bukit Gentong  ditentukan  sebagai  stasiun  pengamatan.  Masing-masing  stasiun dibagi menjadi 5 titik  sampling.  Setiap  titik  sampling  dibuat satu  fransek  yang  terdiri atas  5 plot ulangan berukuran  10x10 m dan ditentukan  secara sistematik.  Analisis data menggunakan  Indeks Nilai  Penting,Indeks  Kemelimpahan  dan  Indeks  Keanekaragaman.  Hasil penelitian  menunjukkan  terdapat  90  jenis pohon yang  tergabung  dalam  37  famili. Bukit Watuondo  memiliki  indeks  keanekaragaman  jenis yang  lebih  rendah dibandingkan  Bukit Gentong.  Bukit Watuondo  lebih berpotensi  sebagai  habitat  sarang  dibandingkan  denganBukit Gentong.  Ketersediaan  Ficus  yang  lebih banyak  di Bukit  Gentong  merupakan  habitat  sumber pakan bagi Julang emas.  Melihat data vegetasi  yang diperoleh, perlu dilakukan penanaman  pohon Ficus agar populasi  Julang  emas  di Gunung  Ungaran  tidak mengalami  penurunan  dan  akhirnya  punah.Kata kunci: vegetasi,  habitat,  Julang  emas  (Aceros  undulatus),  Gunung  Ungaranpermalink : http://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/sm/article/view/2961
Co-Authors A Rustama A Sjarmidi AMIR HAMIDY Arini, Priesty Dyah Djunijanti Peggie Fahris, Noor Fitri Nur Indah Sari Fuad Muhammad Imti Yazil Wafa Izzun Himmah Jafron Wasiq Hidayat Jumari, J Lilih Khotim Perwati Mochamad Hadi Muhammad Abu Naim Muhammad Rasyidi Murningsih, M Pusaka, Semerdanta Putra, M. Fadhil Randa Riyanto, Awal Rully Rahadian Rully Rahadian Sri Utami Tamar, Irsyad Muhammad Tri Retnaningsih Soeprobowati Wiradarma, Huda Zuni Miftakhurrohmah