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This research was conducted to study the effects of pretreatment with white-rot fungi on pulp properties of betung bamboo. Inoculum stocks of white-rot fungi (25 ml) were injected into polybag contained barkless fresh bamboo chips of 1.6 cm in width. Each polybag contained 221.21-230.43 g oven dry weight of chips. Bamboo chips in the polybags were inoculated by P. ostreatus and T. versicolor. Both of them were then incubated for 30 and 45 days in an incubator. Bamboo chips were cooked in open ho Widya FATRIASARI; Riksfardini Annisa ERMAWAR; Faizatul FALAH; Dede Heri Yuli YANTO; Euis HERMIATI
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Hasil Hutan Vol. 2 No. 2 (2009): Jurnal Ilmu Teknologi Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Departemen Hasil Hutan, IPB

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This research was conducted to study the effects of pretreatment with white-rot fungi on pulp properties of betung bamboo. Inoculum stocks of white-rot fungi (25 ml) were injected into polybag contained barkless fresh bamboo chips of 1.6 cm in width. Each polybag contained 221.21-230.43 g oven dry weight of chips. Bamboo chips in the polybags were inoculated by P. ostreatus and T. versicolor. Both of them were then incubated for 30 and 45 days in an incubator. Bamboo chips were cooked in open hot soda process. The cooked bamboo chips were then fibrillated using beater hollander and stone refiner. Yield, kappa numbers (TAPPI 236 cm-85) and freeness (CSF) of the pulp were then analyzed. Pulp yield pretreated with P.ostreatus and incubated for 30 days was the highest (increased by control 22.31%), while that pretreated with T.versicolor was the lowest (decreased by control 22.20%). The increasing of incubation time had positive correlation with the reduction of kappa number. Statistic test (ANOVA) at 95% level of confidence show that fungi give significant effect on kappa number, freeness, and kappa number degradation. Besides that fungi, the interaction between fungi and incubation times give significant effect on the yield changes and pulp yield. T. versicolor had better activity in 45 days of incubation. Pulp freeness resulted from this study were still lower than the desired value. Pretreatment of betung bamboo using T. versicolor with 45 days of incubation was considered better than the other treatments. Keywords : Betung bamboo, biopulping, pulp yield, kappa number, degree of freeness

Six species of bamboos, that were andong bamboo (Gigantochloa verticillata), tali bamboo (Gigantochloa apus), hitam bamboo (Gigantochloa nigrocillata), ampel bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris), betung bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper), and kuning bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris), were analyzed for their fiber morphological as well as their physical-chemical properties. Results of these analysis would be used as a matter of consideration in choosing species of bamboos to be used as raw material for pulp and paper. Fi Widya FATRIASARI; Euis HERMIATI
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Hasil Hutan Vol. 1 No. 2 (2008): Jurnal Ilmu Teknologi Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Departemen Hasil Hutan, IPB

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Six species of bamboos, that were andong bamboo (Gigantochloa verticillata), tali bamboo (Gigantochloa apus), hitam bamboo (Gigantochloa nigrocillata), ampel bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris), betung bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper), and kuning bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris), were analyzed for their fiber morphological as well as their physical-chemical properties. Results of these analysis would be used as a matter of consideration in choosing species of bamboos to be used as raw material for pulp and paper. Fiber morphological analyses include determination of fiber dimensions and followed by calculation of derivation of fiber dimensions. Determination of fiber dimensions includes fiber length, fiber diameter, lumen diameter and cell wall thickness, while calculation of derivation fiber dimensions includes runkell ratio, felting power/slenderness), muhlsteph ratio, coefficient of rigidity and flexibility ratio. Physical analyses include moisture content and specific gravity, while chemical analyses include determination of extractive (ethanol-benzene), hot water solubles, cold water solubles, lignin, holocellulose, ash and silicate contents. Results of this study showed that of the six species of bamboos studied, kuning bamboo had the most suitable properties as raw material for pulp and paper, followed by betung, tali, andong, hitam, and ampel bamboos. Keywords : Bamboo, fiber morphology, physical-chemical properties, pulp, paper

NATURAL AND SYNTHETIC ANTIMICROBIALS AGENT FOR TEXTILE: A REVIEW Try Purwanti; Nissa Nurfajrin Solihat; Widya Fatriasari; Deded Sarip Nawaw
Jurnal Industri Hasil Perkebunan Vol 16, No 2 (2021): Jurnal Industri Hasil Perkebunan
Publisher : BBSPJI Hasil Perkebunan, Mineral Logam, dan Maritim

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33104/jihp.v16i2.7081

Raising public health awareness of personal hygiene, particularly in the context of the Covid-19 situation, has increased the research on antimicrobial textiles, not only for medical devices but also for daily wear. Textiles, particularly natural-based fibers, have a large surface area that can retain moisture for microorganism growth, resulting in a pathogenic effect on the user. As a result of the high demand for natural-based textiles, various approaches to applying antimicrobial agents to natural fabrics have been investigated. Any antimicrobial treatments used in textiles must be human-safe, effective against pathogenic microbial, and resistant to non-pathogenic microbial in skin. Antimicrobial agents are classified into two types: natural and synthetic. Both types have certain advantage and disadvantage, but they have the same crucial parameters such as antimicrobial agent concentration, bacterium species, and finishing procedures to improve durability and efficacy. This paper discusses the use of natural and synthetic antimicrobial agents on natural fiber, with natural antimicrobials including lignin, chitosan, and tannin, and synthetic antimicrobials including metal, organic, and inorganic compounds. The application method of them on fabrics is also presented.

Tekno Ekonomi Produksi Perekat Aqueous Polymer Isocyanate Berbasis Lateks Karet Alam (Techno-Economic of Natural Rubber Latex-Based Aqueous Polymer Isocyanate Adhesive) Fahriya Puspita Sari; Widya Fatriasari; Raden BP Laksana; Teguh Darmawan; Jayadi Jayadi; Euis Hermiati
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 14, No 2 (2016): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Natural rubber latex (NRL)-based aqueous polymer isocyanate (API) adhesive can potentially be used for the production of wood panels or composites. Bonding properties of the adhesive could meet the standard of the wood panels produced. In order to complete its assessment as a commercial wood adhesive, it is important to conduct a techno-economic analysis of this adhesive. The design and analyses were based on 100 L production capacity. The techno-economic analysis as a basis value of the investment to be incurred in the API adhesive production considered the capability of design tools during the production process. Based on the analysis, to produce API adhesives by 34.8 tons per year it is required an investment of 509.5 million rupiahs. The production cost of API adhesives for Rp 50.000 kg-1 is Rp 35.798 with assuming a sales profit of 21.30%. The payback period is 1 year with shut down point (SDP) of 14%, and the break-even point (BEP) of 20.51%. The analysis at various production capacities (34.8, 50, 75, and 100 tons year-1) indicated that API adhesive production will be more profitable with greater production capacity because it can shorten the payback period and increase the return on investment.Keywords: API adhesives, low temperature setting, natural rubber latex (NRL), production design, techno-economic

Kraft and Soda Pulping of White Rot Pretreated Betung Bamboo Widya Fatriasari; Riksfardini A Ermawar; Faizatul Falah; Dede HY Yanto; Deddy TN Adi; Sita H Anita; Euis Hermiati
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 9, No 1 (2011): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

This research was conducted to study the effects of pre-treatment with white-rot fungi on pulp properties of betung bamboo. Inoculum stocks of white-rot fungi (25 ml) were injected into polybags contained barkless fresh bamboo chips. Each polybag contained 214.9–286.8 g oven dry weight of chips. Bamboo chips in the polybags were inoculated by Pleurotus ostreatus and Trametes versicolor. Both of them were then incubated for 30 and 45 days at room temperature. Bamboo chips were cooked using soda and Kraft processes. The cooked bamboo chips were then defiberize using disc refiner for 3 times. Pulp yield, kappa number and degree of freeness of the pulp were then analyzed. The treatment of two white rot fungi, gave different effects on the characteristic of betung bamboo pulp. The effects of fungi treatment on kappa number and degree of freeness can be seen only at samples cooked using kraft process. Incubation time did not affect pulp yield of bamboo treated with both fungi, but it affected kappa number and degree of freeness of bamboo pulp cooked using kraft process. Bamboo treated with T. versicolor incubated for 45 days and cooked using kraft process produced the best pulp quality with high pulp yield.Key words: betung bamboo, biopulping, degree of freeness, kappa number, pulp yield.

The Pretreatment Effect of Single Culture White Rot Fungi on the Anatomical Structure of Betung Bamboo Widya Fatriasari; Ratih Damayanti; Sita H Anita
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 10, No 1 (2012): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

This study was to investigate the changes of morphological, macroscopic and microscopic characteristic on betung bamboo fiber during single culture of white rot fungi pretreatment. Fresh, and bark less 2 years old betung bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper) chips, 1.6 cm in length were inoculated by 10% of white-rot fungi inoculums stock for 30 and 45 days in room temperature. This study used three kinds of fungi i.e Trametes versicolor, Pleurotus ostreatus and Phanerochaete chrysosporium. After the incubation period was finished the chips were separated by maceration process (Schutze method) to analyze the fiber dimension and its derived value. The fibers were then observed the macroscopic and microscopic structure by optical microscope. The pretreatment caused the decreasing of fiber length, cell wall thicknesses, while the lumen and fiber diameter were since in versa. The improvement on fiber derived value except muhlsteph ratio was found in this study. Bamboo pretreated by T. versicolor for 30 days showed the best fiber dimension and fiber derived value and the treated bamboos were predicted to produce pulp with superior grade quality (grade I).Key words: bamboo structure, betung bamboo, fiber dimension, white rot fungi

Effects of Several Synthesis Conditions on Bond Strength of Plywood Adhered with Natural Rubber Latex – Styrene Adhesive Euis Hermiati; Widya Fatriasari; Faizatul Falah
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 4, No 1 (2006): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

This report discusses the effects of synthesis conditions on bond strength of plywood adhered with natural rubber latex - styrene adhesive. Synthesis variables observed were catalyst (with and without catalyst), pre-stirring (0 and 3 hours) and heating time (1 and 2 hours). Three-ply plywood samples were prepared from Albizia (Paraserianthes falcataria) and Red meranti (Shorea, sp.) veneers and their gluability were evaluated in accordance to Indonesian Standard (SNI 01-2704-1992). The results revealed that synthesis conditions (i.e. catalyst, pre-stirring and heating time) did not significantly influence the bond strength of plywood. Natural rubber latex – styrene adhesive is very appropriate as adhesive for Red meranti plywood. Nevertheless, it can be used as limited interior application for Albizia plywood. An addition of 10% phenol formaldehyde (PF) in natural rubber latex - styrene adhesive slightly improved the exterior type bond strength of Red meranti plywood

Fortifikasi Perekat Lateks Karet Alam-Stirena dengan Isosianat: Karakteristik dan Aplikasinya pada Kayu Lapis (Fortification of Natural Rubber Lateks-Styrene with Isocyanate: Characteristics and its Application for Plywood Adhesive) Widya Fatriasari; Surdiding Ruhendi
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 8, No 2 (2010): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

This study was to evaluate the blending composition effects of natural rubber lateks-styrena (NRL-St)/isocyanate adhesive on their properties and sengon plywood quality. The blending mixture consists of 100/0, 90/10, 80/20, 70/30 and 0/100. Physico-chemical properties of these adhesives in therms of solid content (gravimetric method), pH (pH indicator paper), viscosity (Viscometer Brookfield), and contact angle (Motic software) were characterized. The bond strength (SNI 01-2704-1992) and formaldehyde emission (WKI bottle method) of plywood were also determined. Isocyanate fortification increased the solid content and viscosity of adhesive mixture, while pH was vice versa. The contact angle of adhesive mixture was about 450.Isocyanate fortification onto NRL-St improved plywood bond strength and significant improvement was happened on the composition of 80/20. Plywood hot pressing for 5 minutes increased the bond strength until isocyanate fortification 20%, while 10 minutes hot pressing also improved the bond strength on all of the composition adhesive. Only adhesive mixture of 70/30 that gave the lowest formaldehyde emission and fulfiled E1 standard (<0.1 ppm). Generally,the increasing of hot pressing time tended to decrease formaldehyde emmision of plywood. Bond strength of plywood fulfill SNI standard and E1 standard was isocyanate fortification of 30%.

Physical and Mechanical Properties of Oriented Strand Board Prepared from Acetylated Wood Strands Apri H Iswanto; Widya Fatriasari; Andi D Yunianti; Ahmad Zailani; Fauzi Febrianto
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 11, No 2 (2013): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

The objectives of this research were to evaluate of the physical and mechanical properties of oriented strand board (OSB) prepared from acetylated wood strands. Strands derived from Acacia mangium wood were immersed in acetic anhydride for 24 h. After that, strands were dried at 60 C to reach moisture content (MC) of 5%. The slenderness and aspect ratios of strands were 100.72±39.42 and 3.05 ± 0.44. Boards size and target density were set at (25x25x0.5) cm3 and 0.7 g cm-3. The strand compositions for face, core, and back layers were 25, 50, and 25%, respectively. Phenol formaldehyde (PF) resin with amount of 8% was used to bind the strands. The results showed that weight percent gain (WPG) of acetylated strands was 4%. Acetylated strands resulted in improvement of dimensional stabilization (water absorption (WA) and thickness swelling (TS) parameters) with anti-shrink efficiency (ASE) value of 19.65%. On the other hand, the modulus of elasticity (MOE), modulus of rupture (MOR) and internal bond (IB) were found to decrease with acetylation treatment. All the physical and mechanical properties of OSB evaluated except IB parameter fulfilled the requirements of JIS A 5908-2003 standard.Key words: acetylated, anti-shrink efficiency, dimensional stability, oriented strand board

KARAKTERISTIK ANATOMI KULIT BATANG SAGU (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) UNTUK BAHAN BAKU PULP DAN KERTAS Ahmad Arsyad; Wiwin Tyas Istikowati; Sunardi Sunardi; Dede Heri Yuli Yanto; Widya Fatriasari; Danang Sudarwoko Adi
Jurnal Sylva Scienteae Vol 4, No 6 (2021): Jurnal Sylva Scienteae Volume 4 No 6 Edisi Desember 2021
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

The study aims to analyze the anatomical characteristics and values of fiber derivatives as raw materials of pulp and paper, samples in the form of sticks the size of matchsticks are prepared for measurement of fiber dimensions then inserted into the test tube and added a chemical solution until the sample is submerged. The test tube is heated to a boil and is yellowish-white. Samples are cooled and washed with aquades. The sample is colored with safranin. Based on the results of research on the value of sago skin fiber derivatives if the average runkel number is obtained worth 1.18, with a class 4 weaving power category of 38.82 with a class 4 category, musteph rotio worth 38.43% with class 2 category, coefficient of rigidity worth 0.26 with class 4 category and flexibility ratio of 0.45 with category 3, Based on fiber classification value can conclude that sago skin is included in class 3 categoryPenelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis karakteristik anatomi dan nilai turunan serat sebagai bahan baku pulp dan kertas, sampel berupa stik seukuran batang korek api disiapkan untuk pengukuran dimensi serat selanjutnya dimasukan ke dalam tabung reaksi dan ditambahkan larutan kimia sampai sampel terendam. Tabung reaksi dipanaskan sampai mendidih dan berwarna putih kekuning-kuningan. Sampel didinginkan dan dicuci dengan aquades. Sampel diwarnai dengan safranin. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian pada nilai turunan serat kulit sagu jika dirata-rata diperoleh bilangan runkel senilai 1,18, dengan kategori kelas 4 daya tenun senilai 38,82 dengan kategori kelas 4, musteph rotio senilai 38,43% dengan kategori kelas 2, coefficient of rigidity senilai 0,26 dengan kategori kelas 4 dan flexibility ratio senilai 0,45 dengan kategori 3, Berdasarkan nilai klasifikasi serat dapat simpulkan bahwa kulit sagu sagu masuk dalam kategori kelas 3

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