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Hubungan antara ikan Chaetodontidae dengan bentuk pertumbuhan karang Titaheluw, Syahnul Sardi; Kamal, M Mukhlis; Ernawati, Yunizar
AGRIKAN Jurnal Agribisnis dan Perikanan Vol 8, No 1 (2015): AGRIKAN Jurnal Ilmiah Agribisnis dan Perikanan
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Muhammadiyah Maluku Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29239/agrikan.8.1.87-96

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat keterkaitan antara ikan Chaetodontidae dengan persentase tutupan karang hidup di perairan sidodadi dan pulau tegal provinsi lampung. penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei sampai Juli 2010 di 6 stasiun. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode sensus visual dan line intercept transect (transek garis) yang ditempatkan sejajar dengan garis pantai. Selama penelitian dijumpai sebanyak 115 jenis ikan Chaetodontidae, mewakili 2 genera; yakni Chaetdon (91 jenis), dan Chelmon (24 jenis). Naik turunnya indeks keanekaragaman, keragaman dan dominansi dapt menjadi indikator kualitas terumbu karang. Keanekaragaman (Hâ) berkisar antara 0.28-1.38 dan persentase tutupan karang hidup antara 47,94% sampai 67,14%. Korelasi antara persentase karang hidup dengan ikan Chaetodontidae bersifat positif, dimana koefisien determinan (R) setiap spesies lebih dari 80 %. Keanekaragaman jenis rendah yang diikuti oleh dominansi individu dari satu jenis Chaetodontidae mencerminkan adanya kerusakan atau degradasi terumbu karang. Analisis makanan menunjukkan kesukaan ikan Chaetodontidae terhadap karang hidup sangat tinggi, dari semua spesies yang dianalisis kehadiran zooxanthelae sangat tinggiÂ dibandingkanÂ dengan dengan plankton, detritus dan alga. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa ikan Chaetodontidae sangat tergantung pada karang hidup sebagai makanan utamanya. C. trifasialis merupakan spesies yang paling baik digunakan sebagai spesies indikator untuk menggambarkan kondisi terumbu karang dibandingkan dengan 3 spesies lainnya.

Pengaruh Laju Eksploitasi Terhadap Keragaan Reproduktif Ikan Tembang (Sardinella gibbosa) di Perairan Pesisir Jawa Barat Ernawati, Yunizar; Kamal, Mohammad Mukhlis
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 6, No 3 (2010): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v6i3.3146

ABSTRACTEffect of Exploitation Rate on Reproductive Performance in Goldstripe Sardinella (Sardinellagibbosa) in West Java Coastal Waters. The research objective was to explore the effect ofexploitation rate on reproductive performance of goldstripe sardinella (Sardinella gibbosa).Three sites located in West Java coasts were selected representing coastal areas adjacent tothe Indian Ocean (Palabuhan Ratu), Java Sea (Blanakan), and Sunda Strait (Labuan), for fishcollection during May-July 2009. Fish samples were collected and the length was measuredprior to sex determination, observation on gonad morphology as well as gonad maturitydetermination, examination on fecundity and eggs diameter, and protein content analysis.Estimation on exploitation rate (E) was calculated based on length data performance fromwhich the result was correlated with reproductive parameters including the length at firstmaturity, fecundity, eggs distribution and diameter, and protein content analysis. By sitesbasis, variation in E was consistently shown only by eggs protein content in which the lowerthe E estimation the higher the protein contents. However, in response to E, there wereinconsistencies shown by the length at first maturity, fecundity, and eggs diameter. Suchinconsistencies are thought to be associated with population structure of matured female, andvariability in the habitat conditions which determines the magnitude of fish stock.Key words: Sardinella gibbosa, exploitation rate, reproductive performance

KERAGAMAN IKTIOFAUNA MUARA SUNGAI CIMANUK, INDRAMAYU, JAWA BARAT [Ichthyofaunal Diversity of Cimanuk Estuary, Indramayu, West Java] Tampubolon, Prawira ARP; Ernawati, Yunizar; Rahardjo, M.F.
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 17, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Cimanuk river, which the estuary formed a delta, is a habitat for many fishes that occupied the water in northern coast of Ja va. The estuary is essential for supporting the fish life cycle. The aim of this study was to asscess the diversity of ichthyo fauna in Cima nuk River estuary. The fishes were collected in three months from July to September 2013 at three locations: Pagirikan, Pabean Ilir and Song. Total fish collected were 1,826 individuals, consisted of 103 species from 41 families and 14 orders. Most of them were from Family Ambassidae,Leiognathidae, Scianidae, Gobiidae, and Ariidae.

PENGARUH LAJU EKSPLOITASI TERHADAP KERAGAAN REPRODUKTIF IKAN TEMBANG (SARDINELLA GIBBOSA) DI PERAIRAN PESISIR JAWA BARAT Ernawati, Yunizar; Kamal, Mohammad Mukhlis
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 6, No 3 (2010): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v6i3.3146

ABSTRACTEffect of Exploitation Rate on Reproductive Performance in Goldstripe Sardinella (Sardinellagibbosa) in West Java Coastal Waters. The research objective was to explore the effect ofexploitation rate on reproductive performance of goldstripe sardinella (Sardinella gibbosa).Three sites located in West Java coasts were selected representing coastal areas adjacent tothe Indian Ocean (Palabuhan Ratu), Java Sea (Blanakan), and Sunda Strait (Labuan), for fishcollection during May-July 2009. Fish samples were collected and the length was measuredprior to sex determination, observation on gonad morphology as well as gonad maturitydetermination, examination on fecundity and eggs diameter, and protein content analysis.Estimation on exploitation rate (E) was calculated based on length data performance fromwhich the result was correlated with reproductive parameters including the length at firstmaturity, fecundity, eggs distribution and diameter, and protein content analysis. By sitesbasis, variation in E was consistently shown only by eggs protein content in which the lowerthe E estimation the higher the protein contents. However, in response to E, there wereinconsistencies shown by the length at first maturity, fecundity, and eggs diameter. Suchinconsistencies are thought to be associated with population structure of matured female, andvariability in the habitat conditions which determines the magnitude of fish stock.Key words: Sardinella gibbosa, exploitation rate, reproductive performance

Kebiasaan Makan dan Luas Relung Ikan-Ikan Indigenous yang Ditemukan di Waduk Penjalin Kabupaten Brebes, Jawa Tengah . Elinah; Djamar Tumpal Floranthus Lumban Batu; Yunizar Ernawati
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol. 21 No. 2 (2016): Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

Knowledge about food habits it is need to see how fish utilize their resources. The objective of this study was to assess feeding habits and niches breath fish species indigenous at Penjalin reservoir. This study was conducted during three months from Maret-Mei 2015. Location of the study were divided into 4 stations and sampling was conducted using gill nets. Feeding habits analysis used of the index of preponderance whereas calculation the niche breath using the method of Levin's Measure. In general, the niches breath of indigenous fish in the Penjalin reservoir ranged between 0.71-3.92. The result showed that uceng (Nemacheilus fasciatus), benteur (Puntius binotatus), and wader padi (Rasbora lateristriata) classified as more freely of other indigenous fish species, because it is able to utilize several different resources as a main food. Selective trait shown by (Dermogenys pusilla) because only use one kind of natural food with a high percentage.

POTENSI LESTARI IKAN SELAR KUNING (Selaroides leptolepis) DI PERAIRAN SELAT SUNDA (Population Dynamics of Yellowstripe Scad (Selaroides leptolepis) in Sunda Strait) Maizan Sharfina; Mennofatria Boer; Yunizar Ernawati
Marine Fisheries : Journal of Marine Fisheries Technology and Management Vol. 5 No. 1 (2014): Marine Fisheries: Jurnal Teknologi dan Manajemen Perikanan Laut
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University

ABSTRACTYellowstripe scad included the one of commodity that has an important economic value in the Sunda Strait. Commonly, this species processed by Pandeglang fishermen to be the boiled fish, salted fish, grilled fish, besides it also traded in fresh or frozen fish product. The high market demand can not offset the production of this species from the nature. Therefore, it needed an information about resources of yellowstripe scad in the waters of the Sunda Strait in order to manage it well. The objective of this study was to estimate the maximum sustainable yield (MSY) and the optimum fishing effort (fopt), so that the yellowstripe scad resources in the waters of the Sunda Strait can be utilized optimally and sustainably. Based on the standardization analysis, the purse seine be made the standard fishing gear for estimating the MSY of yellowstripe scad. The yellowstripe scad growth patterns during the study is isometric. Trends of CPUE of the yellowstripe scad fisheries tends to decrease during 2003 to 2013. Then, this species was estimated its maximum sustainable yield (MSY) of 304.50 tons per year, with the optimum fishing effort of 12.478 trips per year. The decline of the catch per fishing effort can indicated that the yellowstripe scad fishing conditions in the Sunda Strait was having the overfishing phenomenon.Key words: Sunda Strait, sustainable potential, yellowstripe scad-------ABSTRAKIkan selar kuning termasuk salah satu komoditas perikanan yang memiliki nilai ekonomis penting di perairan Selat Sunda. Jenis ikan ini, selain banyak dimanfaatkan oleh nelayan sekitar Kabupaten Pandeglang sebagai ikan pindang, ikan bakar, ikan asin, juga diperdagangkan dalam keadaan segar maupun dibekukan. Tingginya permintaan pasar tidak dapat mengimbangi produksi ikan tersebut di alam. Oleh karena itu, untuk memperoleh informasi mengenai tingkat pemanfaatan sumber daya ikan selar kuning di perairan Selat Sunda, diperlukan suatu kajian mengenai potensi lestari ikan selar kuning. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hasil tangkapan maksimum lestari (maximum sustainable yield atau MSY) serta upaya penangkapan maksimum lestari (fopt) sehingga sumberdaya ikan selar kuning di Perairan Selat Sunda dapat dimanfaatkan secara optimal dan berkelanjutan. Berdasarkan hasil standardisasi, alat tangkap standart yang digunakan adalah purse seine. Pola pertumbuhan ikan selar kuning selama penelitian, yaitu isometrik. Hasil perhitungan CPUE menunjukkan adanya produksi yang cenderung menurun dengan upaya penangkapan yang meningkat dari tahun 2003 sampai 2013. Hasil perhitungan potensi hasil tangkapan maksimum lestari (MSY) diestimasi sebesar 304,50 ton per tahun, dan upaya penangkapan optimumnya adalah 12.478 trip per tahun. Penurunan hasil tangkapan per upaya penangkapan dapat dijadikan salah satu indikasi bahwa kondisi penangkapan ikan selar kuning di Perairan Selat Sunda sedang mengalami gejala lebih tangkap atau overfishing.Kata kunci: Selat Sunda, potensi lestari, ikan selar kuning

Morphoanatomy Structure Variation of Digestive Organs in Relation with Feeding Strategy and Food Habits of Deep-Sea Snappers (Family Lutjanidae) Mohammad Mukhlis Kamal; Yunizar Ernawati; Y. Rahmah
Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Perairan dan Perikanan Indonesia Vol. 16 No. 1 (2009): Juni 2009
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

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The digestive organs of four species deep-sea snappers (subfamily Etelinae, Family Lutjanidae) were investigated and compared including mouth shape as well its mouth gape, teeth structures, stomach morphology, pyloric caeca and intestine in order to investigate the existence of variability in food habits of these carnivorous fishes. The results showed that the mouth gape is an adaptation form of feeding habits, feeding strategy, as well as food size. In addition, the presence of jaw protrusion = may favour to fish feeding success. Based on regression analysis, the mouth gape is fairly correlated with the length of intestine (A. rutilans and P. multidens) and to a lesser extent with the other two species (A. virescens and P. filamentosus), indicating a weaker relationship between mouth gape versus total length than that of intestine versus total length. A generalisation of smaller proportion of the length of intestine to body length in carnivorous fishes is being questioned in this study, as an opposite result was found in P. filamentosus with a support evidence from herbivorous freshwater spotted barb (Puntius binotatus). It is suggested that the larger number in pyloric caeca of P. filamentosus is a compensatory mechanism in food digestion.Key words: variability in food habit, variability in digestive organs, feeding strategy and adaptation,deepsea snappers

AKUMULASI LOGAM BERAT DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP SPERMATOGENESIS KERANG HIJAU (Perna viridis) Jalius ,; D. Djoko Setiyanto; Komar Sumantadinata; Etty Riani; Yunizar Ernawati
Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Perairan dan Perikanan Indonesia Vol. 15 No. 1 (2008): Juni 2008
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

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Perairan Teluk Jakarta, Banten, dan Lada telah mengalami pencemaran, terutama tercemar oleh logam berat seperti Pb, Cd, Cr dan Hg. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan logam tersebut dalam gonad kerang hijau (Perna viridis) dan pengaruh akumulasi logam tersebut pada spermatogenesis kerang hijau. Parameter yang diamati adalah jumlah spermatogenium, spermatosit primer, spermatosit sekunder, spermatozoa, total se-sel kelamin, diameter, luas dan volume lumen folikel gonad kerang hijau, pada tingkat IV spermatogenesis. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa gonad kerang hijau yang berasal dari Teluk Jakarta telah terakumulasi logam berat Pb = 359.75±272.41 ppb; Cd = 36.559±21.90 ppb; Cr = 504.21±448.64 ppb dan Hg = 0.0092± 0.0085 ppb. Logam Cd (13.13 ppb) dan Pb (0.077 ppm) ditemukan dalam gonad kerang hijau yang berasal dari Teluk Banten, tetapi tidak terdeteksi logam Cr dan Hg. Namun tidak ditemukan logam berat tersebut dalam gonad kerang hijau berasal dari Teluk Lada. Di Teluk Jakarta ditemukan korelasi antara kandungan logam Cd terhadap perkembangan jumlah sel spermatozoa (r = 0.64), total sel kelamin (r = 0.60, diameter (r = 0.57), luas (r = 0.71) and volume (r = 0.71) lumen folikel gonad. Logam Hg berpengaruh terhadap perkembangan spermatogenium (r = 0.68) dan spermatosit sekunder (r = 0.61), sedangkan logam Cr mempunyai pengaruh terhadap luas (r = 0.75) dan volume (r = 0.75) lumen folikel gonad.Kata kunci: akumulasi, logam berat, spermatogenesis dan kerang hijau.

HUBUNGAN PERUBAHAN JENIS KELAMIN DAN UKURAN TUBUH IKAN BELUT SAWAH (Monopterus albus) Etty Riani; Yunizar Ernawati
Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Perairan dan Perikanan Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 2 (2004): Desember 2004
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

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Belut (Monopterus albus) bersifat hermaprodit protogini, yang mengalami perubahan jenis kelamin dari betina menjadi jantan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan perubahan jenis kelamin dengan ukuran tubuh ikan belut. Penelitian berlangsung di Desa Kahuripan, Kecamatan Tawang, Tasikmalaya, Jawa Barat dari Juni sampai Juli 2002. Pengambilan contoh dilakukan secara acak sebanyak 11 kali, tiga hari sekali pada pukul 20.00 – 04.00 WIB, di tiga stasiun. Dari hasil penangkapan didapat 162 ekor belut, di stasiun I 67 ekor, stasiun II 65 ekor dan stasiun III 30 ekor. Hasil tangkapan paling banyak berukuran 22.8 - 26.7 cm. Hasil tangkapan stasiun I dan II relatif sama sedangkan pada stasiun III berbeda. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa panjang belut yang berukuran kurang dari atau sama dengan 29 cm berjenis kelamin betina namun yang lebih dari 29 cm berjenis kelamin jantan. Belut yang matang gonad pada stasiun I berukuran 24.9 - 28.8 cm, pada stasiun II, 19.0 - 23.1 cm dan 23.2 - 27.3 cm. Sedangkan di stasiun III tidak ditemukan yang matang gonad. Berdasarkan IKG belut yang diperoleh di ketiga stasiun, IKG terbanyak ada pada selang kelas IKG 0.0124 - 0.0873. Fekunditas 35 - 250 butir dengan ukuran telur 0.0265 - 1.2624 mm, dengan pola pemijahan sebagian (partial spawner).Kata kunci: belut, hermaprodit protogini, jenis kelamin, ukuran, IKG, fekunditas. The research was aimed to study body size and sexual changes relationship in a protoginy hermaphrodite species the eel, monopterus albus. This research were conducted in Kahuripan village, district of Tawang, Tasikmalaya, West Java during June to July 2002. Sampling were done at three stations for eleven time, with 3 days interval between 20.00 pm until 04.00 am. The number of eel collected were consisting of 162, ie 67; 65 and 30 from the first, second and third station respectively. The length of the eel were ranged between 22.8 - 26.7 cm. The results showed that the eel less than or equal to 29 cm in length were female, more than 29 cm were male. The mature eel were found in the first and second stations with body size of 24.9 - 28.8 cm, 19.0 - 23.1 cm, respectively. IKG values were varied between 0.0124 - 0.0873, fecundity between 35 - 250 egg, and egg diameter between 0.0265 - 1.2624 mm. Based on egg diameter, eel is considered as partial spawner.Key words: eel, protoginy hermaphrodite, sexuality, body size, IKG and fecundity.

KONDISI KESEHATAN TERUMBU KARANG BERDASARKAN KELIMPAHAN IKAN HERBIVORA DI KECAMATAN PULAU TIGA KABUPATEN NATUNA Dedy Damhudy; M. Mukhlis Kamal; Yunizar Ernawati
Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Perairan dan Perikanan Indonesia Vol. 17 No. 1 (2011): Juni 2011
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

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Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di perairan Kecamatan Pulau Tiga, Kabupaten Natuna, Provinsi Kepu-lauan Riau dari bulan April hingga Agustus tahun 2009. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui kesehatan terumbu karang dengan kondisi kelimpahan dan komposisi kelompok ikan-ikan herbivora yang secara tidak langsung dapat dijadikan sebagai bioindikator kesehatan ekosistem terumbu karang bila dilihat dari tingkat pemulihannya di Kecamatan Pulau Tiga. Metode yang digunakan adalah transek kuadrat yang dimodifikasi dengan transek garis menyinggung (LIT) untuk menentukan kondisi terumbu karang, pertumbuhan karang muda dan tutupan alga (DCA), sedangkan untuk penentuan struktur komunitas ikan herbivora menggunakan modifikasi transek garis menyinggung (LIT), transek kuadrat dan sensus visual ikan bawah air (UVC). Analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis ekologi standar, uji korelasi, regresi linear, dan analisis multivariate untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kelimpahan ikan herbivora, alga (DCA), dan terumbu karang. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa ekosistem terumbu karang di daerah tersebut masih berada dalam kondisi baik dengan rata-rata tutupan karang hidup sebesar 63,17%. Hasil analisis multivariate menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi kelimpahan ikan herbivora, maka tutupan karang hidup dan pertumbuhan karang muda meningkat dan menurunnya tutupan alga di ekosistem terumbu karang. Hasil uji korelasi, analisis multivariate, dan regresi linear (uji t-student) menunjukkan bahwa dari 24 spesies ikan herbivora yang terdata, terdapat tiga jenis ikan herbivora yang berperan dalam aktivitas herbivori dalam menjaga keseimbangan ekosistem terumbu karang di Kecamatan Pulau Tiga, antara lain Chlorurus microrhinos, Scarus rivulatus, dan Siganus doliatus.Kata kunci: DCA (karang mati yang ditutupi alga), ikan herbivora, herbivori, kesehatan terumbu karang, pertumbuhan karang muda, Pulau Tiga

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