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Pengujian Zeolit Alam Mordenit Sebagai Penjerap Proses Pendegradasian Kandungan Amonium di dalam Air Tambak Nuryoto, Nuryoto; Kurniawan, Teguh; Kustiningsih, Indar
Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan Vol. 21 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology - Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (338.048 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jtl.v21i1.3745

Abstract

ABSTRACTIndonesia has an abundant quantity of natural zeolites that have not yet been utilized maximally. On the other hand, fishpond farmers have a problem regarding the presence of ammonium in the fishpond water which will negatively impact to survival of fish, especially small fish. To solve this problem, this research was utilizing natural zeolite to degrade ammonium in the fishpond water. This research aimed to test mordenite natural zeolite from Bayah as an adsorbent to collaborate some variables impact to reach more maximal adsorption. The variables that were used to be observed were: mordenite natural zeolite from Bayah as an adsorbent which has been activated by 1-7 N H2SO4 and the other was without activation, ammonium concentration of 80-800 ppm, the particle size of adsorbent of 80 and 150 mesh, stirring speed of 600 and 800 rpm, and without stirring by duration adsorption time of 60 minutes. The research results showed that mordenite natural zeolite after activated was able to adsorb of 100% ammonium, while for the mordenite natural zeolite from Bayah without stirring was of 80%, by the same absorption time. These results will give significant benefits for fishpond farmers to increase their productivity because of the increase in fish survival.Keywords: adsorption, adsorbent, zeolite, amoniumABSTRAKKandungan zeolit alam di Indonesia cukup melimpah dan belum termanfaatkan secara maksimal. Pada sisi lain petani tambak dihadapkan pada masalah terdapatnya kandungan amonium di dalam air tambak, yang akan berdampak negatif bagi keberlangsungan hidup ikan, terutama ikan yang masih kecil. Penelitian ini mencoba memanfaatkan zeolit alam guna mendegradasi kandungan amonium dalam air tambak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melakukan pengujian terhadap zeolit alam mordenit dari Bayah sebagai adsorben, baik dilakukan dengan pengadukan maupun tanpa pengadukan, serta mengkolaborasi beberapa variabel yang berpengaruh agar hasil adsorpsi lebih maksimal. Observasi dilakukan dengan zeolit alam mordenit dari Bayah yang telah diaktivasi dengan 1-7 N H2SO4 maupun tanpa aktivasi, rentang konsentrasi larutan amonium 80-800 ppm, ukuran partikel adsorben 80 dan 150 mesh, kecepatan pengadukan 600 dan 800 rpm, dan tanpa pengadukan serta lamanya waktu penyerapan 60 menit. Hasil penelitian menunjukan hasil yang sangat baik, dan secara umum zeolit alam mordenit Bayah teraktivasi telah mampu melakukan adsorpsi amonium sebesar 100%, sedangkan untuk zeolit alam mordenit Bayah tanpa pengadukan sebesar 80% pada waktu adsorpsi yang sama.Kata kunci: adsorpsi, adsorben, zeolit, amonium
Pyrolysis of Palm Kernel Shell to Chemicals by Using Bayah Natural Zeolites Suhendi, Endang; Naibaho, Pipiet P.U.; Fauzan, Eka R.; Kurniawan, Teguh
Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Vol 9, No 1 (2020): June 2020 [Nationally Accredited - Sinta 2]
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jbat.v9i1.22250

Abstract

Palm kernel shell (PKS) is one of the biomass with high potential that can be converted into chemicals. In this study, palm kernel shell (PKS) was converted by pyrolysis method to produce condensed liquid products, gas, and solid. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of catalyst activation time on yields and characteristics of PKS waste pyrolysis products. The pyrolysis process was carried out at a temperature of 500oC. Based on the results obtained with the addition of catalysts at 7 hr of activation can reduce the yield of solid products by 1.5% wt and 9.01% wt of liquid and increase the yield of gas products by 10.51% wt. On the characteristics of solid product there is a decrease in volatile matter by 55.04% wt and an increase fixed carbon by 40.27% wt. The gas characteristics, the H2 and CO gas decreases by 5.43% v/v and 1.36% v/v and the increase in CH4 and CO2 gas by 1.07% v/v and 5.72% v/v. Characteristics of the liquid obtained an increase in the amount of acetic acid by 11.75% v/v and decrease phenol compounds by 13.08% v/v. The result liquid product can be applied as a chemical.
Pengaruh Lokasi Zeolit Alam Bayah terhadap Adsorpsi Amonium: Studi Kinetika dan Kesetimbangan Hakiki, Muhammad; Makiyi, Muhammad; Nuryoto, Nuryoto; Rahmayetty, Rahmayetty; Kustiningsih, Indar; Kurniawan, Teguh
Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan Vol. 22 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology - Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (3786.006 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jtl.v22i1.4403

Abstract

ABSTRACT Household waste is one of the most significant contributors to wastewater that can pollute the environment, one of which is ammonium pollution. Ammonium pollution can be reduced by natural zeolite by using the adsorption method. This research aims to utilize natural zeolite as an adsorbent that can reduce ammonium levels in wastewater, determine which natural zeolite has the most significant adsorption power from 4 locations, determine natural zeolite characterization of Bayah. This study is also to create a model equilibrium equations and reaction kinetics from the adsorption method. The method used is the adsorption method, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET). This study's results were that natural zeolites location 4 could adsorb 99.25% of ammonium and showed the highest adsorption capacity of ammonium. Characterization using XRD analysis obtained the types of zeolite mordenite, clinoptilolite, quartz, and heulandite. The surface area of Bayah natural zeolite in the 4th location is 46 m2/g. The suitable equilibrium model for the adsorption of ammonium by natural zeolites is the Freundlich model. The most suitable adsorption kinetics model for the adsorption of ammonium by Bayah natural zeolites is the pseudo-first-order model. Keywords: household waste, ammonium, eutrophication, natural zeolites   ABSTRAK Limbah rumah tangga adalah salah satu penyumbang limbah cair terbesar yang dapat mencemari lingkungan salah satunya pencemaran amonium. Pencemaran amonium dapat dikurangi dengan zeolit alam dengan menggunakan metode adsorpsi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menentukan zeolit alam yang memiliki daya adsorpsi terbesar dari 4 lokasi berbeda, melakukan karakterisasi zeolit alam Bayah, dan memodelkan persamaan kesetimbangan dan kinetika reaksi adsorpsi amonium. Karakterisasi zeolit dilakukan dengan analisis X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microsope (SEM), dan luas permukaan material menggunakan model Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET). Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah zeolit alam lokasi 4 memiliki  kapasitas adsorpsi amonium paling besar, yaitu 9,25%. Adapun kapasitas adsorpsi amonium yang paling besar ditunjukkan oleh zeolit alam Bayah lokasi 4. Analisis XRD menunjukkan bahwa seluruh zeolit Bayah merupakan zeolit bertipe mordenit, klinoptilolit, dan heulandit dengan fasa pengotor quartz. Luas permukaan zeolit alam Bayah lokasi 4 sebesar 46 m2/g. Model kesetimbangan yang sesuai untuk adsorpsi amonium oleh zeolit alam Bayah yaitu model Freundlich. Model kinetika adsorpsi yang paling sesuai untuk adsorpsi amonium oleh zeolit alam Bayah yaitu model kuasi orde satu. Kata Kunci: limbah rumah tangga, amonium, eutrofikasi, zeolit alam
Pengaruh Lokasi Zeolit Alam Bayah terhadap Adsorpsi Amonium: Studi Kinetika dan Kesetimbangan Hakiki, Muhammad; Makiyi, Muhammad; Nuryoto, Nuryoto; Rahmayetty, Rahmayetty; Kustiningsih, Indar; Kurniawan, Teguh
Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan Vol. 22 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology - Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (3786.006 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jtl.v22i1.4403

Abstract

ABSTRACT Household waste is one of the most significant contributors to wastewater that can pollute the environment, one of which is ammonium pollution. Ammonium pollution can be reduced by natural zeolite by using the adsorption method. This research aims to utilize natural zeolite as an adsorbent that can reduce ammonium levels in wastewater, determine which natural zeolite has the most significant adsorption power from 4 locations, determine natural zeolite characterization of Bayah. This study is also to create a model equilibrium equations and reaction kinetics from the adsorption method. The method used is the adsorption method, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET). This study's results were that natural zeolites location 4 could adsorb 99.25% of ammonium and showed the highest adsorption capacity of ammonium. Characterization using XRD analysis obtained the types of zeolite mordenite, clinoptilolite, quartz, and heulandite. The surface area of Bayah natural zeolite in the 4th location is 46 m2/g. The suitable equilibrium model for the adsorption of ammonium by natural zeolites is the Freundlich model. The most suitable adsorption kinetics model for the adsorption of ammonium by Bayah natural zeolites is the pseudo-first-order model. Keywords: household waste, ammonium, eutrophication, natural zeolites   ABSTRAK Limbah rumah tangga adalah salah satu penyumbang limbah cair terbesar yang dapat mencemari lingkungan salah satunya pencemaran amonium. Pencemaran amonium dapat dikurangi dengan zeolit alam dengan menggunakan metode adsorpsi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menentukan zeolit alam yang memiliki daya adsorpsi terbesar dari 4 lokasi berbeda, melakukan karakterisasi zeolit alam Bayah, dan memodelkan persamaan kesetimbangan dan kinetika reaksi adsorpsi amonium. Karakterisasi zeolit dilakukan dengan analisis X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microsope (SEM), dan luas permukaan material menggunakan model Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET). Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah zeolit alam lokasi 4 memiliki  kapasitas adsorpsi amonium paling besar, yaitu 9,25%. Adapun kapasitas adsorpsi amonium yang paling besar ditunjukkan oleh zeolit alam Bayah lokasi 4. Analisis XRD menunjukkan bahwa seluruh zeolit Bayah merupakan zeolit bertipe mordenit, klinoptilolit, dan heulandit dengan fasa pengotor quartz. Luas permukaan zeolit alam Bayah lokasi 4 sebesar 46 m2/g. Model kesetimbangan yang sesuai untuk adsorpsi amonium oleh zeolit alam Bayah yaitu model Freundlich. Model kinetika adsorpsi yang paling sesuai untuk adsorpsi amonium oleh zeolit alam Bayah yaitu model kuasi orde satu. Kata Kunci: limbah rumah tangga, amonium, eutrofikasi, zeolit alam
Analysis of Pressure Laboratory Scale Swing Adsorption (PSA) Varian Design using Zeolite 13X as Adsorben Medium Dhimas Satria; Teguh Kurniawan; Rina Lusiani; Erny Listijorini; Imron Rosyadi; Nidya Jullanar Salman
JEMMME (Journal of Energy, Mechanical, Material, and Manufacturing Engineering) Vol. 6 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : University of Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/jemmme.v6i2.17777

Abstract

The demand of high quality of oxygen increases, especially in the middle of covid -19 pandemic. The importance recentl is using technology and material to improve the quality of oxygen. Therefore a study was conducted which aim to obtain the best varian on concept desain concept analysis of pressure swing adsorption (PSA) which utilize adsorption material of sintetic zeolite 13x. the method used is Quality Function Deployment (QFD) which is information collecting about the need and the willingness of users. The steps carried out to obtain the best variant design concept of pressure swing adsorption are as follow: requirement list determination, priority scale determination, house of quality making, PSA specification determination, design concept and the best variant determination. The result obtained is the selected the best variant which was 10th variant because it has been fulfilled the requirement the specification list because this variant when PSA was used is bed or column type is single bed with the capacity of zeolite of 13X 2 – 2,5 kg, the valve mechanism is manual so that it need no automatic control system, the electricity source was from PLN and need no accumulator and the product of )2 using 1 single tank which is simpler.
Bayah Natural Zeolites to Upgrade the Quality of Bio Crude Oil from Empty Fruit Bunch Pyrolysis Anton Irawan; Yazid Bindar; Teguh Kurniawan; Hafid Alwan; Rosid Rosid; Nisa Aina Fauziah
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 53 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2021.53.3.8

Abstract

Currently, the fuel oil for transportation and industry is produced mostly from fossil fuels. Because fossil fuels are a limited resource, biomass could be an alternative resource. Empty fruit bunch (EFB) is biomass waste from fresh fruit bunch processing in palm oil mills. EFB can be converted to bio-crude oil through pyrolysis at temperatures from 400 to 600 °C. The quality of bio-crude oil must be upgraded due to its high oxygen content. Esterification of bio-crude oil potentially improves the quality of bio-crude oil by using zeolite as catalyst. The purpose of this research was to investigate the properties of Bayah natural zeolites for upgrading the quality of bio-crude oil from EFB pyrolysis. Bayah natural zeolite was activated using various NaOH concentrations. Characterization of the natural zeolites was performed by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX), and nitrogen physisorption. The optimum ratio of Si/Al of the modified Bayah natural zeolites was 3.91. The surface area of the parent was initially 19 m2/g and increased significantly to 150 m2/g after treatment with 0.4 M NaOH solution. The application of the activated zeolites for bio-crude oil esterification successfully decreased the total acid number.
Energy analysis study of coal tar distillation process by feed splitting method Wahyudi Eko Pratomo; Sri Agustina; Teguh Kurniawan
Jurnal Teknika Vol 17, No 2 (2021): Available Online in November 2021
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36055/tjst.v17i2.13023

Abstract

Coal tar is a high viscosity liquid and has a black color which formed as a by-product of the production process of coke and gas from coal. Coal tar compounds have high economic value because they can be resold and valuable. One valuable compound is naphthalene. The coal tar evaluation process of its constituent components is carried out by distillation, with a high level of naphthalene purity achieved up to 96%. The coal tar distillation process normally requires high energy, which leads to expensive operational costs.  In order to achieve low energy consumption during the distillation process,  a study of energy analysis in the coal tar distillation process needs to be done. This study aims to analyze the energy consumption of the distillation process by using simulator software. Process simulations will be performed using the Aspen HYSYS simulator, where the variable in the form of the ratio of the feed flow rate into the distillation tower is divided into two streams, namely cold stream and hot stream. The location of the changed input feed is also a changing variable in this study. The fixed variables in this study were the operating conditions of the distillation process and the incoming feed flow rate, which was 2 m3/hour. The simulations suggest that the amount of energy saved in the condenser unit is 4.40 percent and 5.28 percent in the reboiler unit. Tar batubara adalah cairan dengan viskositas tinggi dan berwarna hitam, hasil samping dari proses produksi kokas dan gas dari batubara. Senyawa tar ini memiliki nilai ekonomi yang tinggi karena komponen-komponen penyusunannya dapat dijual kembali dan bernilai, salah satunya adalah naftalena. Proses pemisahan tar batubara dari komponen-komponen penyusunnya dilakukan dengan cara destilasi, dengan tingkat kemurnian naftalena yang tinggi yaitu 96%. Proses destilasi tar batubara ini seringkali membutuhkan energi yang besar, sehingga kajian mengenai analisa konsumsi energi pada proses destilasi tar batubara perlu dilakukan. Studi analisa energi pada proses destilasi tar batubara dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode simulasi proses. Simulasi proses destilasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak berupa Aspen HYSYS, dimana variabel yang berupa ratio laju alir umpan masuk ke dalam menara destilasi dibagi menjadi 2 aliran, yaitu aliran dingin dan aliran panas. Letak umpan masuk yag dirubah juga merupakan variabel berubah pada penelitian ini. Variable tetap pada penelitian ini adalah kondisi operasi proses destilasi dan laju alir umpan masuk, yaitu 2 m3/jam. Hasil dari simulasi yang telah dilakukan didapatkan besarnya energi yang dapat dihemat sebesar 4.40% pada unit condenser dan 5.28% pada unit reboiler.
KARAKTERISTIK SEDIMENTASI PATI UBI JALAR Teguh Kurniawan; Handry Shantos; Frans Romario Panjaitan
Jurnal Teknika Vol 8, No 2 (2012): Edisi November 2012
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36055/tjst.v9i2.6698

Abstract

Operasi sedimentasi merupakan salah satu tahapan kunci dari keseluruhan proses produksi pati ubi jalar. Kajian untuk mempelajari karakteristik sedimentasi telah dilakukan dengan variabel utama berupa konsentrasi pati ubi jalar. Konsentrasi pati ubi jalar yang diamati dalam penelitian ini berada dalam interval 1% - 21% b/v dengan rentang 2%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat tiga rejim berbeda yang berhasil diidentifikasi dalam peristiwa sedimentasi berdasarkan rentang konsentrasi suspensi, yaitu rejim konsentrasi rendah yang berada pada konsentrasi di bawah 17% b/v, rejim konsentrasi transisi yang terletak dalam rentang konsentrasi 17% - 21% b/v, dan konsentrasi tinggi yang berada pada konsentrasi di atas 21% b/v. Pada penelitian ini juga dihasilkan persamaan empiris y = k1/t) yang menerangkan hubungan antara ketebalan endapan dan waktu untuk pola pengendapan konsentrasi rendah. Parameter k1, k2, dan k3–k2exp(-k3yang diperoleh bergantung pada konsentrasi suspensi. Persamaan empiris yang dirumuskan memberikan kesesuaian yang cukup baik terhadap data-data percobaan (r2> 0,98).
EKSTRAKSI PANAS PADA REVERSE FLOW REACTOR UNTUK OKSIDASI KATALITIK METANA SELAMA PERIODE START-UP Teguh Kurniawan; Yogi Wibisono Budhi; Yazid Bindar
Jurnal Teknika Vol 7, No 1 (2011): Edisi Juni 2011
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36055/tjst.v8i1.6705

Abstract

Makalah ini mengkaji tentang pemodelan dan simulasi oksidasi katalitik metana menggunakan reverse flow reactor (RFR). Pokok bahasan tertuju pada pengembangan prosedur pengambilan panas dalam periode start-up untuk umpan dengan konsentrasi tetap, yaitu 1%-v metana dan umpan dengan konsentrasi berfluktuasi, yaitu pada rentang 0,1-1%-v metana, yang mengikuti fungsi gelombang persegi. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan pengambilan panas dapat dilakukan selama start-up baik untuk konsentrasi tetap maupun konsentrasi berfluktuasi tanpa menyebabkan RFR padam. Pengambilan panas pada switching time (ST) yang cepat memberikan beberapa keuntungan dibandingkan pada ST  yang lama, yaitu lebih banyak panas yang dapat diekstrak dan lebih besar penurunan temperaturnya, sehingga aman bagi katalis dan reaktor.
The Use of Natural Zeolite as A Catalyst for Esterification Reaction Between Glycerol and Oleic Acid Anggara Diaz Ramadhan; Nindya Carolina C.S; Nuryoto Nuryoto; Teguh Kurniawan
Reaktor Volume 19 No. 4 December 2019
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (388.938 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/reaktor.19.4.172-179

Abstract

Natural zeolite in Indonesia generally divided into 2 types, which are mordernite and clinoptilolite. As far the use of zeolites is very limited. This experiment tries to use both types of natural zeolites to find out its work. The purpose of this experiment is testing the performance of mordenite natural zeolite from Bayah-Indonesia and clinoptilolite from Lampung- Indonesia in the esterification reaction between glycerol and oleic acid integrated by several variable that affect the reaction. The experiment will be done by using three-neck rounded flask batch reactor. The result showed that modernite zeolite has a better performance compared to clinoptilolite zeolite. To get the oleic acid conversion of 70%, clinoptilolite zeolite needs 4% catalyst of glycerol weight and reactant ratio of 6:1 mole of glycerol/mole of oleic acid, Meanwhile the mordernite zeolite only needs 2% catalyst of glycerol weight with reactant ratio of 4:1 mole of glycerol/mole of oleic acid.Keywords: natural zeolite; glycerol; reaction; diffusion