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All Journal Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Journal of Dentomaxillofacial Science Jurnal Layanan Masyarakat (Journal of Public Service) Indonesian Journal of Dental Medicine Berkala Penelitian Hayati

Rini Devijanti Ridwan

Department Of Oral Biology Faculty Of Dentistry Airlangga University Surabaya, Indonesia

Author-ID : 3196979

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Dentistry Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Social Sciences Other

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The role of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans fimbrial adhesin on MMP-8 activity in aggressive periodontitis pathogenesis Rini Devijanti Ridwan
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 45 No. 4 (2012): December 2012
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Background: Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (A. actinomycetemcomitans) is Gram negative and a major bacterial agent associated with aggressive periodontitis in young adult, this bacteria was an important factor in pathogenesis of aggressive periodontitis. A. actinomycetemcomitans possesses fimbriae with an adhesin protein that was the first bacterial molecules to make physical contact with host. Purpose: The objective of this research was to analyzed the influence of A. actinomycetemcomitans fimbrial adhesin protein induction on MMP-8 activity. Methods: The research was an experimental laboratory study, the step in this study were isolation and identification A. actinomycetemcomitans, characterize A. actinomycetemcomitans adhesin and study the role of A. actinomycetemcomitans adhesin in Wistar rats. Results: The result of this research on the role of adhesin in Wistar rats after analysis with Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) showed significant differences in the control group with group induction with A. actinomycetemcomitans, A. actinomycetemcomitans plus adhesin and adhesin. MMP-8 activity increased with induction A. actinomycetemcomitans and 24 kDa A. actinomycetemcomitans adhesin. This fimbrial adhesin protein showed that A. actinomycetemcomitans has the ability to adhesion, colonization and invasion for host in aggressive periodontitis pathogenesis. Conclusion: A. actinomycetemcomitans fimbrial adhesin protein induction increasing MMP-8 activity for aggressive periodontitis pathogenesis.Latar belakang: A. actinomycetemcomitans merupakan salah satu bakteri Gram negatif yang terkait dengan periodontitis agresif yang menyerang penderita usia muda dan merupakan faktor penting dalam patogenesis periodontitis agresif. A. actimycetemcomitans mempunyai fimbriae dengan protein adhesin yang merupakan molekul pertama dari bakteri untuk melakukan kontak fisik dengan host. Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis pengaruh induksi adhesin A. actinomycetemcomitans terhadap aktivitas MMP-8. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi eksperimental laboratori, langkah dari penelitian ini adalah isolasi dan identifikasi A. dan identifikasi A. actinomycetemcomitans, isolasi dan karakterisasi adhesin A. actinomycetemcomitans dan uji peran adhesin A. actinomycetemcomitans di tikus Wistar. Hasil: Hasil analisis menunjukkan adanya aktivitas MMP-8 yang meningkat bermakna di kelompok kontrol dibandingkan dengan kelompok dengan induksi A. actinomycetemcomitans, A. actinomycetemcomitans + adhesin dan adhesin. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa A. actinomycetemcomitans berkemampuan melakukan adesi, kolonisasi dan invasi pada host dalam patogenesis periodontitis agresif. Kesimpulan: Induksi protein adhesin A. actinomycetemcomitans dengan berat molekul 24 kDa meningkatkan aktivitas MMP-8 pada patogenesis periodontitis agresif.

Transforming growth factor beta 1 expression and inflammatory cells in tooth extraction socket after X-ray irradiation Ramadhan Hardani Putra; Eha Renwi Astuti; Rini Devijanti Ridwan
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 49 No. 2 (2016): June 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Background: Radiographic examination is often used in dentistry to evaluate tooth extraction complications. X-ray used in radiographic examination, however, has negative effects, including damage to DNA and inflammatory response during wound healing process. Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the effects of X-ray irradiation on transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-ß1) expression and number of inflammatory cells in tooth extraction sockets. Method: Thirty rats were divided into three groups, which consist of control group (with a radiation of 0 mSv), treatment group 1 (with a radiation of 0.08 mSv), and treatment group 2 (with a radiation of 0.16 mSv). These rats in each group were sacrificed on days 3 and 5 after treatment. Inflammatory cells which were observed in this research were PMN, macrophages, and lymphocytes. Histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations were used to calculate the number of inflammatory cells and TGF-ß1 expression. Obtained data were analyzed using SPSS 16.0 software with one way ANOVA and Tukey’s HSD tests. Result: There was no significant decrease in the number of PMN. On the other hand, there were significant decreases in the number of macrophages and lymphocytes in the sacrificed group on day-5 with the radiation of 0.16 mSv. Similarly, the most significant decreased expression of TGF-ß1 was found in the group sacrificed on day 5 with the radiation of 0.16 mSv. Conclusion: X-ray irradiation with 0.08 mSv and 0.16 mSv doses can decrease TGF-ß1 expression and number of inflammatory cells in tooth extraction sockets on day 3 and 5 post extraction.

Antibacterial ability of arabica (Coffea arabica) and robusta (Coffea canephora) coffee extract on Lactobacillus acidophilus Willy Wijaya; Rini Devijanti Ridwan; Hendrik Setia Budi
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 49 No. 2 (2016): June 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Background: Dental caries is the most commonly dental health problem found in Indonesia. Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus) is bacteria playing a role in the development and continuation of caries. Some researches in Dentistry Faculty show that many plants are efficacious for oral health. One of them is coffee bean. Coffee bean containing caffeine, phenolic, trigonelline, and chlorogenic acid is reported to have antimicrobial activity. Purpose: This research aimed to determine the differences in the inhibition of Arabica and Robusta coffee extract to L. acidophilus. Method: This research was an laboratory experimental research. The method used was well diffusion method using seven samples for each treatment group. BHI-A and inoculated L.acidophilus bacteria was poured into each petri dish, and then 8 pitted holes were made with a diameter of 5mm and a depth of 3mm using a ring. Next, Arabica or Robusta coffee extracts at a concentration of 100%, 75%, 50%, 12.5%, 6.25%, and 3.125% were put into each of the pitted hole until it was full, and a negative control was also prepared. They then were put in an incubator at a temperature of 37 °C for 24 hours. Afterwards, measurements and observations were conducted on inhibition zone area. Result: Robusta coffee extract at the concentrations of 100% and 75% had greater inhibitory than Arabica coffee extract (p<0.05). Meanwhile, Arabica and Robusta coffee extracts at the concentrations of 50% and 25% had no significant inhibitory difference (p>0.05). Conclusion: In conclusion, Robusta and Arabica coffee extracts have inhibitory effects on L.acidophilus. Robusta coffee bean extract, nevertheless, has better inhibitory effects than Arabica coffee bean extract.

Inhibitory effects of siwak (Salvadora persica. L) extract on the growth of Enterococcus faecalis planktonics and biofilms by in vitro Ika Rhisty Cendana Sari; Rini Devijanti Ridwan; Diah Savitri Ernawati
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 49 No. 3 (2016): September 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Background: Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) is one of the most persistent gram positive bacteria in root canal, resulting in secondary infection after endodontic treatment. E. faecalis pathogenicity is caused by overgrowth of E. faecalis planktonics and biofilms. E. faecalis planktonics produce lipoteichoid acid (LTA) as a virulence factor that can defend their permeability cell. On the other hand, E. faecalis biofilms produce protease, such as Esp (enterococcal surface protein), GelE (gelatinase), and SprE (serin protease), that have quorum-sensing mechanism as an adhesion factor to form extracellular polysaccharide substance (EPS) and increase the growth of the biofilms themselves. Siwak (Salvadora persica L.) has active components, namely benzylisothio-cyanate, trimethylamine, and salvadorine that can inhibit the growth of E. faecalis planktonics and biofilms. Purpose: This study aimed to measure inhibitory effects of siwak extract on the growth of E. faecalis planktonics and biofilms. Method: This research was an antimicrobial research on the culture of E.faecalis incubated in a TSB medium. Siwak extract was diluted into different concentrations, namely 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, and 100%. The extract then was placed into the E. faecalis’s colony and planted into Trypticase Soy Agar medium. After incubated for 24 hours at 37°C, the colony would be measured and compared with the control (+) and control (-). As an antibiofilm research, this research used biofilm microtitter assay method to form E. faecalis biofilms incubated in a well-plate medium containing TSB and 0.1 % glucose. Siwak extract then was diluted into the same range concentration as in first method, and placed into the colony of E. faecalis to form biofilms. The biofilms were measured and compared to the control (+) given siwak extract and the control (-) given 0.1% chlorhexidine. After the incubation, they were washed three times, and staining process was conducted using Chrystal violet. The optical density then was measured by ELISA Reader 595 nm. Result: Siwak extract could inhibit the growth of E. faecalis planktonics at the concentration of 35% as a minimum inhibitory concentration as well as the growth of E. faecalis biofilms at the concentration of 45% as a minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration. Conclusion: Siwak extract has an inhibitory effect, particularly at a concentration of 35% on the growth of E. faecalis planktonics and at the concentration of 45% on the growth of E. faecalis biofilms.

Effect of electrolyzed reduced water on Wistar rats with chronic periodontitis on malondialdehyde levels Rini Devijanti Ridwan; Wisnu Setyari Juliastuti; R. Darmawan Setijanto
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 50 No. 1 (2017): March 2017
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Background: Periodontal disease is a progressive destructive change that causes loss of bone and periodontal ligaments around the teeth that can eventually lead to its loss. The main bacteria in chronic periodontitis is Porphyromonas gingivalis. Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, a pathogen associated with aggressive periodontitis, initiates a proinflammatory response that causes tissue destruction of periodontal, alveolar bone resorption and subsequent tooth loss. Electrolyzed reduced water (ERW) is an alkaline water, ERW not only has a high pH and low oxidation reduction potential (ORP), but also contains several magnesium ions. Magnesium ions proven effective for the prevention of various diseases. Purpose: To analyze the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in Wistar rats with cases of chronic and aggressive periodontitis that consumed ERW. Method: Wistar rats were divided into four groups, each group with 10 rats. The first and second group were Wistar rat with chronic periodontitis and consume drinking water and ERW. The third and fourth group were Wistar rat with aggressive periodontitis and consume drinking water and ERW. This experiment is done by calculating the levels of MDA. The calculation of the levels of MDA is done with spectrophotometric assay for MDA. Result: The results of this experiment show that the level of MDA in serum in group that consume ERW had decreased significantly different with thegroup that consume drinking water with the statistical test. Conclusion: It can be concluded that ERW can decrease the MDA level in Wistar rat with chronic and aggressive periodontitis case.

The potency of Immunoglobulin Y anti Porphyromonas gingivalis to inhibit the adherence ability of Porphyromonas gingivalis on enterocytes Nova Andriani Hepitaria; Indeswati Diyatri; Markus Budi Rahardjo; Rini Devijanti Ridwan
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 53 No. 1 (2020): March 2020
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v53.i1.p20-23

Background: Pophyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) bacteria are the main type of bacterium that cause chronic periodontitis. Immunoglobulin Y (IgY) is a type of immunoglobulin found in poultry, such as chickens and birds. IgY can be used as an alternative method of preventing the accumulation of plaque that causes chronic periodontitis. Purpose: To determine the ability of IgY anti P. gingivalis to inhibit adherence of P. gingivalis. Methods: The samples were divided into eight groups, each group containing 10 ml of IgY anti P. gingivalis and 50 ml of enterocyte cells. The control group contained 50 ml of IgY anti P. gingivalis, and 50 ml of enterocyte cells. Serial dilution was carried out to the first seven groups, with the first group containing 90 ml phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and 10 ml IgY anti P. gingivalis, and the second to seventh groups containing 50 ml PBS before adding 50 ml of enterocyte cells and 50 ml of bacterial suspension per group. The number of bacteria was calculated as an adherence index value using a light microscope. Results: This study shows that IgY anti P. gingivalis significantly reduces the adherence index value of P. gingivalis. Conclusion: IgY anti P. gingivalis has potency to inhibit the adherence of P. gingivalis.

The activity of polyclonal IgY derived from Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis in inhibiting colonization of Fusobacterium nucleatum and Streptococcus sanguinis Oktaviani Suci Lestari; Rini Devijanti Ridwan; Tuti Kusumaningsih; S. Sidarningsih
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 52 No. 2 (2019): June 2019
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Background: Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) and Streptococcus sanguinis (S. sanguinis) play a role in dental plaque formation which leads to periodontitis. Immunoglobulin Y (IgY) is present in both serum and egg yolk and can bind to the surface components of bacteria. F. nucleatum and S. sanguinis feature the same type of IV pili as Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (A. actinomycetemcomitans). Saliva binding protein (SsaB) in S. sanguinis is a FimA homolog. FimA constitutes a surface element of Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis). F. nucleatum and P. gingivalis possess the same outer membrane protein (OMP) molecular mass. Purpose: The study aimed to determine the activity of A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis polyclonal IgY present in serum and egg yolk that can inhibit colonization of F. nucleatum and S. sanguinis. Methods: IgY samples were diluted with phosphate buffer saline (PBS). Several holes were made in the nutrient medium with 10 μl antigen (F. nucleatum/S. sanguinis) being inserted into the center hole. 10 μl PBS, 1:1, 1:2, 1:4, 1:8, 1:16 A. actinomycetemcomitans or P. gingivalis polyclonal IgY were subsequently introduced into the surrounding holes. The results of incubation at 37°C were observed after 24-48 hours. Kruskal Wallis and MannWhitney tests were administered to analyse the data. Results: A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis polyclonal IgY groups in serum showed a precipitation line at dilution ratios of 1:1 and 1:2, whereas in egg yolk this occurred only at a 1:1 dilution ratio with F. nucleatum and S. sanguinis bacteria in this study. No significant differences were evident between each dilution (p>0.05) and none existed between serum and egg yolk (p>0.05). Conclusion: IgY polyclonal of A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis in both serum and egg yolk initiate activities that can inhibit colonization of F. nucleatum and S. sanguinis.

The distribution of Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus in children with dental caries severity level Nur Dianawati; Wahyu Setyarini; Ira Widjiastuti; Rini Devijanti Ridwan; K. Kuntaman
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 53 No. 1 (2020): March 2020
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v53.i1.p36-39

Background: The prevalence of dental caries is high worldwide and specifically in Indonesia, especially in children. Cariogenic bacteria are the major cause of dental caries. Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) is one of the bacteria often associated with caries, due to its ability in producing acid and forming the biofilm for bacterial colonisation on the surface of oral cavities. In addition to S. mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus (S. sobrinus) bacteria are also thought to play an important role in the process of caries. Purpose: This study aims to analyse the distribution of S. mutans and S. sobrinus in children with seriously high dental caries levels. Methods: This study was an observational analytical study. Bacterial isolation was conducted in carious lesions of 50 paediatric patients 6-12 years old with superficial dental caries. Samples of caries lesions were put directly into a tube containing the Brain Heart Infusion Broth (BHI-B) and incubated at 37o C for 24 hours. The samples were sub-cultured on selective tryptone yeast cystine sucrose bacitracin (TYCSBHimedia) agar, and then incubated for two days. Bacterial identification was then performed using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) Multiplex method. Statistical analysis with Chi-square. Results: The total number of children with dental caries included in this study was 50. Among these, 94% showed positive for S. mutans and 30% positive for S. sobrinus. The analysis of the prevalence of bacterial colonisation (S. mutans and S. sobrinus) based on caries severity and the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S), showed there was no significant difference (p> 0.05). Conclusion: This study showed that among 50 caries noted in the children, 94% were colonised S. mutans and 30% S. sobrinus. There was no significant difference between the colonisation of S. mutans and S. sobrinus among children from the severe to mild decayed exfoliated filling teeth (DEFT) category, and between bad and good OHI-S.

A mucoadhesive gingival patch with Epigallocatechin-3-gallate green tea (Camellia sinensis) as an alternative adjunct therapy for periodontal disease: A narrative review Yeka Ramadhani; Riski Rahayu Putri Rahmasari; Kinanti Nasywa Prajnasari; Moh. Malik Alhakim; Mohammed Aljunaid; Hesham Mohammed Al-Sharani; T. Tantiana; Wisnu Setyari Juliastuti; Rini Devijanti Ridwan; Indeswati Diyatri
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 55 No. 2 (2022): June 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v55.i2.p114-119

Background: Periodontitis is a progressive destructive periodontal disease. The prevalence of periodontal disease in Indonesia reaches 74.1% and mostly occurs in the productive age group. Most of the periodontopathogenic bacteria are gram-negative bacteria and have endotoxin in the form of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which can penetrate the periodontal tissue and induce an inflammatory response. In inflammatory conditions, osteoclastic activity is higher than osteoblastic activity, which causes bone destruction. This results in an imbalance between osteoclast-induced bone resorption and osteoblast-induced bone formation. The current preferred treatment for periodontitis is scaling root planning (SRP), but this therapy cannot repair the damaged periodontal tissue caused by periodontitis. Purpose: To describe the possibility of using a mucoadhesive gingival patch with Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) green tea (Camellia sinensis) as alternative adjunct therapy for periodontal disease. Review: EGCG is the main component of green tea catechins, which have antitumor, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic, and pro-osteogenic effects. However, the weaknesses so far regarding the use of EGCG as an alternative treatment is its low oral bioavailability and the concentration of EGCG absorbed by the body decreasing when accompanied by food. EGCG can be used with a mucoadhesive gingival patch to optimise bioavailability and absorption and increase local concentration and sustained release of EGCG. EGCG encourages bone development and braces mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) differentiation for osteoblast by enhancing the expression of bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP2). EGCG also has been proven to increase the expression of RUNX2 and ALP activity that induces osteoblast differentiation and bone mineralisation. Conclusion: A mucoadhesive gingival patch containing EGCG Green Tea (C. sinensis) may potentially induce osteoblastic activity as an adjunct therapy to repair the periodontal tissue damage due to periodontal disease.

INOVASI PEMBUATAN HAND SANITIZER UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PERILAKU HIDUP BERSIH DAN SEHAT BAGI KOMUNITAS DI BONDOWOSO Rini Devijanti Ridwan; Tuti Kusumaningsih; Indeswati Diyatri; Sidarningsih Sidarningsih
Jurnal Layanan Masyarakat (Journal of Public Services) Vol. 5 No. 2 (2021): JURNAL LAYANAN MASYARAKAT
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jlm.v5i2.2021.287-291

AbstractClean and Healthy Living Behaviors as known as PHBS are all health behaviors that are carried out with awareness, so that family members or families can help themselves in the health sector and play an active role in health activities in the community. One of the activities that can be carried out to achieve PHBS is washing hands using soap (hand rub / hand wash) or cleaning fluid (hand sanitizer). About 98% of the spread of microorganisms in the body comes from our own hands. Maintaining hand hygiene is an effort to avoid various diseases. The benefits of washing hands are very large, washing hands using soap / hand rub or using a hand sanitizer only takes 20 seconds but is very useful for killing microorganisms, namely bacteria, fungi, and viruses. One way to combat the new corona virus or COVID-19, which has become a pandemic at this time, is to always maintain hand hygiene. With the pandemic, the price of hand sanitizers has skyrocketed because the need has increased sharply. When used too often, alcohol as the main ingredient of hand sanitizers, besides being able to irritate the skin, it can also lift natural oils on the hands and tend to be drier, so herbal ingredients are needed as natural ingredients to reduce the side effects of these hand sanitizers. This community service activity was carried out in collaboration with communities in the Bondowoso district, namely the KAPAS Community in Sumbergading Village, Sumberwringin District and the TSS Community in Sukosari Lor Village, Sukosari District. In the Bondowoso area, there are many youth communities with various activities aimed at advancing people's lives and improving the socio-economy in the region. Various plants can be found in the area, including aloe vera and betel leaf.Keywords : Health, hand wash, hand sanitizer, aloe vera, betel leafAbstrakPerilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS) merupakan semua perilaku kesehatan yang dilakukan atas kesadaran, sehingga anggota keluarga atau keluarga dapat menolong dirinya sendiri di bidang kesehatan dan berperan aktif dalam kegiatan kesehatan di masyarakat. Salah satu kegiatan yang dapat dilakukan guna tercapainya PHBS adalah mencuci tangan menggunakan sabun (hand rub/hand wash) atau cairan pembersih (hand sanitaizer). Sekitar 98% penyebaran mikroorganisme di tubuh bersumber dari tangan kita sendiri. Menjaga kebersihan tangan salah satu upaya terhindar dari berbagai penyakit. Manfaat mencuci tangan sangat besar, mencuci tangan memakai sabun/hand rub atau menggunakan hand sanitizer hanya membutuhkan waktu 20 detik namun sangat berguna untuk membunuh mikroorganisme, yaitu bakteri, jamur dan virus. Salah satu cara untuk memerangi virus korona baru atau COVID-19 yang telah menjadi pandemi saat ini adalah dengan selalu menjaga kebersihan tangan. Masa pandemi ini mengakibatkan harga hand sanitizer melambung tinggi karena kebutuhan meningkat tajam. Alkohol sebagai bahan utama dari hand sanitizer bila terlalu sering digunakan, selain dapat membuat kulit iritasi juga dapat mengangkat minyak alami pada tangan dan cenderung jadi lebih kering, sehingga diperlukan bahan herbal sebagai bahan alami untuk mengurangi efek samping dari hand sanitizer tersebut. Pada kegiatan pengmas ini dilakukan kerjasama dengan komunitas di wilayah kabupaten Bondowoso yaitu Komunitas KAPAS di Desa Sumbergading Kecamatan Sumberwringin dan komunitas TSS Desa Sukosari Lor Kecamatan Sukosari. Di wilayah Bondowoso banyak didapatkan komunitas anak muda dengan beragam kegiatan yang bertujuan memajukan kehidupan masyarakat dan meningkatkan sosial ekonomi di wilayah tersebut. Beragam tanaman dapat dijumpai di wilayah tersebut, diantaranya aloe vera dan sirih.Kata kunci: Kesehatan, cuci tangan, hand sanitizer, aloe vera, daun sirih

Co-Authors Devi Rianti Diah Savitri Ernawati Dimas Rudianto Fardha Eha Renwi Astuti Hendrik Setia Budi Hesham Mohammed Al-Sharani Ika Rhisty Cendana Sari Indeswati Diyatri Ira Widjiastuti Jihan Hijriya Nabilla K. Kuntaman Kinanti Nasywa Prajnasari Mahela Sefrian Luthfimaidah Markus Budi Rahardjo Moh. Malik Alhakim Mohammed Aljunaid Nova Andriani Hepitaria Nur Dianawati Oktaviani Suci Lestari Putra, Ramadhan Hardani R. Darmawan Setijanto Reinaya Tifa Pratiwi Retno Indrawati Roestamadji Riski Rahayu Putri Rahmasari Sidarningsih Sidarningsih, Sidarningsih Soetjipto Soetjipto Subijanto Marto Sudarmo Tantiana Tantiana Tuti Kusumaningsih Tuti Kusumaningsih Wahyu Setyarini Willy Wijaya Wisnu Setyari Juliastuti Yeka Ramadhani Yuliati

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