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Agglomeration Decrement from Nanocellulose Synthesis by adding PVA Capping Agent Endang Kusumawati; irwan hidayatulloh; Lidya Elizabeth
Jurnal Internasional Penelitian Teknologi Terapan Vol 4 No 2 (2023): October 2023
Publisher : Bandung State Polytechnic (Politeknik Negeri Bandung)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35313/ijatr.v4i2.111

Abstract

Indonesia is one of the largest palm oil productions in the world. In 2017, Indonesia was responsible for almost 50% of global palm oil production. The abundant availability of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (OPEFB) has become a potential resource to be further utilized in derivative products such as cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. The demand for nanocellulose material from extracted cellulose fibers is increasing. In this study, nanocellulose synthesis was carried out in several stages namely hydrolysis (H2SO4 64% (v/v) at 45oC for 45 minutes), delignification (NaOH 17,5% (w/v) at 80oC for 30 minutes), and bleaching (H2O2 10% (v/v) at 60oC for 15 minutes). Then, nanocellulose was subjected to ultrasonication. It was proved that nanocellulose with 50.487 nm diameters resulted from ultrasonication 50% amplitude. Moreover, adding 5%-w PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) as capping agent obtained 36.635 nm average diameter of nanocellulose. It showed nanocellulose synthesis successfully lowering agglomeration and maintaining diameter size of nano size.
The Effect of Plasma Electrolysis for Biodiesel Synthesis Using Waste Cooking Oil as a Raw Material and KOH Catalyst Shoerya Shoelarta; Saripudin; Rahmat Dani Dwi Fedianto; Moch Adli Darojat; Sudrajat Harris Abdulloh; Irwan Hidayatulloh; lidya elizabeth
Fluida Vol 16 No 2 (2023): FLUIDA
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35313/fluida.v16i2.3987

Abstract

The high consumption of cooking oil in Indonesia is directly proportional to the production of used cooking oil waste that can pollute the environment. To overcome this problem, used cooking oil is used as a biodiesel feedstock using the plasma electrolysis method. Plasma electrolysis is a synthesis process by applying a high voltage to the process. This study aims to determine the effect of the plasma electrolysis method with variations in voltage (400 - 500 volts) and the type of reagent (methanol and ethanol) on % yield and characteristics of biodiesel. The process is carried out by reacting used cooking oil with a reagent that is given a voltage until an electric discharge occurs and two layers are formed and the calculation of the specific energy requirements for the synthesis process is carried out. The results show that at a voltage of 500 volts with methanol reagent produces a yield of 85.73% with characteristics according to the SNI 7128:2015 standard such as density 888.36 Kg/m3, viscosity 5.79 Cst, acid number 0.39 mg - KOH/g, content ester 97.56% and flash point 117oC with the exception of water content 0.373%, with a specific energy requirement of 1758,031 J/mL.
Efektivitas Katalis Heterogen Fly Ash (FA-SO3H) pada Sintesis Biodiesel dari Palm Fatty Acid Distillate Sudrajat Harris Abdulloh; Eko Andrijanto; Anindya Indrita Putri; Dhea Nurul; Lidya Elizabeth
Fluida Vol 17 No 1 (2024): FLUIDA
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35313/fluida.v17i1.5286

Abstract

The increase in fuel use along with the decline in production of petroleum exploration activities encourages efforts to find alternative fuels, one of which is biodiesel from PFAD (Palm Fatty Acid Distillate) with production reaching 6,000,000 tons while its utilization is still low. Biodiesel production from PFAD using Fly ash (FA)-SO3H catalyst which is a heterogeneous catalyst through esterification method. FA used in this study was wet impregnated using 6M sulfuric acid (H2SO4) for 24 hours, so that the highest acid concentration was obtained at a calcination temperature of 500 ⁰C of 1.1654 mmol/gram. The research was conducted with Response Surface Method (RSM) with Box Behnken Design model in Design Expert 13 software and 13 runs were obtained. The resulting model from RSM was obtained as optimum conditions at catalyst loading (%-w) 5-10, methanol:PFAD molar ratio (n/n) 10:1-30:1, reaction time 3-5 hours and temperature 60 ⁰C. Based on the experimental results and ANOVA, the high conversion is influenced by the high catalyst loading and methanol:PFAD ratio (n/n), with the conversion obtained of 72.89% at catalyst loading of 10%-w, methanol:PFAD molar ratio of 20 (n/n) and time for 5 hours.