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HUBUNGAN ANTARA KORUPSI DENGAN PENANAMAN MODAL ASING: STUDI KASUS ENAM NEGARA ASEAN: 1997-2005 Setyadharma, Andryan
Journal of Indonesian Economy and Business Vol 22, No 3 (2007): July
Publisher : Journal of Indonesian Economy and Business

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The corruption remains significant and unfair barriers to trade and economic1 Terima kasih kepada reviewer atas masukan yang sangat berharga untuk penyempurnaan tulisan ini.development in many countries. These practices increase costs, decrease fair competitionand represent a significant deterrent to foreign investment. Previous studies have showedthat corruption tends to have negative impact on foreign direct investment (FDI) but onlyfew studies have investigated the possibility of effects in the opposite direction. Thispaper attempts to find the relationship between corruption and FDI with two ways:assess the effect of inflows of FDI, as a measure of trade openness, on corruption at thecountry level and also attempts to see the effect of corruption on FDI. It conductsregression analysis on a cross section of six ASEAN countries over the period 1997 to2005 and controls for some other variables likely to impact on corruption as well as FDI.The result shows that thereâs significant impact of corruption on inflows of FDI, and inopposite indicated that inflows of FDI is significant with the lower level of corruption insix ASEAN countries.Keywords: Korupsi, Penanaman Modal Asing, ASEAN

PENENTUAN BENTUK FUNGSI MODEL EMPIRIK: STUDI KASUS PERMINTAAN KENDARAAN RODA EMPAT BARU Setyadharma, Andryan
JEJAK: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Vol 1, No 1 (2008): March 2008
Publisher : Semarang State University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jejak.v1i1.1451

In many cases, the determination of form of the regression function of the empirical model betweenthe linear model and the log-linear model is neglected when someone starts research. Someoneconcludes the best model only by comparing the R2 value from respective function form and determinesthe best form of the function model only based on the highest R2 value. This is clearly wrong. This studyattempted to find the best regression function model by using two kinds of tests: MacKinnon, White andDavidson Test (MWD Test) and Bera and McAleer Test (B-M Test). This Study showed that the twoforms of the empirical function models-both the linear and log-linear functions- could be used to estimatethe demand of the new four wheels vehicle in Indonesia. Furthermore, checking by using classicalassumption, we found that the log-linear function model is the best model to estimate the demand of thenew four wheels vehicle in Indonesia.Keywords: empirical model, linear model, log-linear model

APAKAH OPEC MERUPAKAN KARTEL?: PENDEKATAN KAUSALITAS GRANGER DALAM KERANGKA VECTOR AUTOREGRESSIVE Setyadharma, Andryan
KINERJA Vol 10, No 2 (2006): Kinerja
Publisher : Faculty of Economics Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24002/kinerja.v10i2.923

One would believe that The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) is certainly a cartel which curbs production in order to raise the price of its product as well as to share the market among its members. Did energy shock of the 1970â€™s engineered by an effective cartel of OPEC members acting to share the market by controlling output and influencing market prices? One would also expect OPEC's production to significantly affect the market price of oil as the organization is often accused of curbing production in order to raise prices. This paper tries to determine whether OPEC has the power of affecting the market price of oil and or vice versa. This study uses the Toda and Yamamoto (1995) procedure for testing for Granger non-causality in Vector Autoregressive (VAR) models that involves variables that are integrated of an arbitrary order and that are possibly cointegrated. The results indicate that there is no statistically significant causal relationship between real crude oil price and OPEC production in either direction for full sample period 1974 â€“ 2005. Instead, we find that real crude oil price Granger cause OPEC production in 2 different sub samples period, but not in other direction. As overall we reject cartel hypothesis for OPEC as a whole.Keywords: OPEC, Granger Causality Test, VAR, Toda and Yamamoto

PENENTUAN BENTUK FUNGSI MODEL EMPIRIK: STUDI KASUS PERMINTAAN KENDARAAN RODA EMPAT BARU Setyadharma, Andryan
JEJAK: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Vol 1, No 1 (2008): March 2008
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jejak.v1i1.1451

In many cases, the determination of form of the regression function of the empirical model betweenthe linear model and the log-linear model is neglected when someone starts research. Someoneconcludes the best model only by comparing the R2 value from respective function form and determinesthe best form of the function model only based on the highest R2 value. This is clearly wrong. This studyattempted to find the best regression function model by using two kinds of tests: MacKinnon, White andDavidson Test (MWD Test) and Bera and McAleer Test (B-M Test). This Study showed that the twoforms of the empirical function models-both the linear and log-linear functions- could be used to estimatethe demand of the new four wheels vehicle in Indonesia. Furthermore, checking by using classicalassumption, we found that the log-linear function model is the best model to estimate the demand of thenew four wheels vehicle in Indonesia.Keywords: empirical model, linear model, log-linear model

Analisis Permintaan Wisatawan Nusantara pada Objek Wisata Pantai Klayar Kabupaten Pacitan Furohmah, Duyu; Setyadharma, Andryan
Economics Development Analysis Journal Vol 7 No 4 (2018): Economics Development Analysis Journal
Publisher : Economics Development Department, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/edaj.v7i4.27722

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh variabel biaya perjalanan, variabel pendapatan individu, variabel lama perjalanan, variabel jarak, variabel fasilitas-fasilitas, variabel karakteristik masyarakat dan variabel keindahan alam Pantai Klayar terhadap jumlah permintaan objek wisata Pantai Klayar. Pantai Klayar dipilih karena memiliki potensi wisata tetapi tidak didukung oleh kemudahan akses untuk mencapai kawasan wisata. Sampel penelitian ini sebanyak 100 responden. Teknik pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan sampel rumus Slovin.  Metode analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah regresi linier berganda. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa variabel biaya perjalanan ke objek wisata pantai klayar berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap jumlah permintaan ke objek wisata Pantai Klayar. Variabel Pendapatan individu dan variabel fasilitas-fasilitas berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap jumlah permintaan ke objek wisata Pantai Klayar. Variabel lama perjalanan berpengaruh negatif namun tidak signifikan terhadap jumlah permintaan ke objek wisata Pantai Klayar. Variabel jarak dan variabel Karakteristik masyarakat berpengaruh positif namun tidak signifikan terhadap jumlah permintaan objek wisata Pantai Klayar. This study aims to analyze the effect of travel cost variables, individual income variables, long travel variables, distance variables, facility variables, community characteristics variables and natural beauty variables Klayar Beach on the number of requests Klayar beach attractions. Klayar beach was chosen because it has tourism potential but is not supported by the ease of access to reach the tourist area. The sample of this research is 100 respondents. The sampling technique in this study used Slovin formula samples. The results of this study indicate that the variable cost of travel to coastal tourist attraction klayar negative and significant impact on the number of requests to the Beach attractions Klayar. Individual income variables and facility variables have positive and significant influence on the number of requests to Klayar Beach tourist attraction. The variable of the duration of the trip had a negative but insignificant effect on the number of requests to the Klayar Coast tourist attraction. Variable distance and variable Characteristics of society have a positive but not significant influence on the number of requests Klayar Beach tourist attractive.

GovernmentÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s Cash Transfers And School Dropout In Rural Areas Setyadharma, Andryan
JEJAK: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Vol 11, No 2 (2018): September 2018
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jejak.v11i2.16125

Indonesia is committed to education but the Government of Indonesia still struggle with dropout problem at upper secondary school level, especially students from rural areas who dropping out of school before graduating. The dropout events can be explained through the demand for education. In 2008 Government of Indonesia introduced Bantuan Siswa Miskin program, the Cash Transfers for Poor Students (recently is known as Kartu Indonesia Pintar), in order to reduce numbers of dropouts. The program is mainly to cover studentsÃ¢â‚¬â„¢ indirect costs and is implicitly used to increase studentsÃ¢â‚¬â„¢ demand for education. The objective of this study is to get better understanding on the impact of governmentÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s cash transfers on rural studentsÃ¢â‚¬â„¢ dropout at upper secondary schools in Central Java Province. Primary data was collected from rural areas in all regencies and cities. The likelihood to drop out is estimated using Probit regressions. There are two main findings in this study. First, the result shows that higher education expenditure is significantly increasing the probability of rural students to drop out. Second, it is evidence that governmentÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s cash transfers significantly diminish the rural studentsÃ¢â‚¬â„¢ likelihood of dropping out. Based on the findings, it is suggested the Government of Indonesia must reduce education costs and the government also should expand the number of cash transfers for poor rural students.

Factors Influencing Difficulties of Learning Economics (Study in Students of Kudus District High School) Pertiwi, Raras Sukma; Khafid, Muhammad; Setyadharma, Andryan
Journal of Economic Education Vol 8 No 1 (2019): June 2019
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jeec.v8i1.31134

Teaching and learning activities have an important role so that education can run well. Basically teaching and learning activities lead to the achievement of student learning outcomes. Learning outcomes achieved by students can be used as a reference in knowing students' abilities and as a correction whether students are still experiencing difficulties in learning. The purpose of this method was to analyze and identify the learning difficulties of the students of Kudus District High School. Students' perceptions regarding teacher teaching methods, learning independence, and learning interest are used to measure learning difficulties. This method used a quantitative approach. The study population amounted to 1033 students and the sample amounted to 233 students. The sampling technique used is proportional random sampling. The method of data collection was using a questionnaire. The method of data analysis uses descriptive analysis and path analysis. The results of path analysis showed the direct influence of students' perceptions regarding teacher teaching methods on learning interest, direct influence of students' perceptions regarding teacher teaching methods on learning difficulties, direct influence of learning independence on learning difficulties, direct influence of learning interest on learning difficulties. Indirectly students' perceptions regarding teacher teaching methods influence the difficulty of learning through interest in learning.

Factors that Influence Drop Out of Vocational High School Lestari, Triyani; Setyadharma, Andryan
Economics Development Analysis Journal Vol 8 No 3 (2019): Economics Development Analysis Journal
Publisher : Economics Development Department, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia

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The purpose of this study is to analyze  the factors that influence the likelihood of students dropping out of school in Pekalongan City. The sample in this study was 100 ex-students vocational school in Pekalongan City. Data were obtained from the questionnaire using the convience sampling. The method used in this study is quantitative with logit analysis. The results of the study showed that  perception, number of siblings, helping parents, problems with friends, and punishments had a significant effect on increasing the probability of dropping out of school. And than,  financial assistance variable were the only variable examined and had a significant effect on reducing the probability of dropping out. The Suggestion in this study is to provide knowledge about the importance of education as a future investment and provide reguler counseling to students. They should not involve their children too much to help with the work of the parent. Then from the government, through optimizing financial assistance.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INSTITUTIONS AND BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES TOWARD ECONOMIC GROWTH Prasetyo, P Eko; Setyadharma, Andryan; Kistanti, Nurjannah Rahayu
Economics Development Analysis Journal Vol 8 No 4 (2019): Economics Development Analysis Journal
Publisher : Economics Development Department, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/edaj.v8i4.36311

This study aimed at explaining the relationship, and effects of human capital, entrepreneurial business opportunities, institutional economics, and regional economic growth. It was carried out to develop fundamental microeconomic model in rural development to assist human capital roles and institutions as well as entrepreneurial business for the economic growth. Further, the researchers used simultaneous system method in form of a recursive correlational path analysis model. This modeling system provides simplicity and easy understanding. The main source of the data were the empirical micro fundamental data of the business doers in rural areas measured by Gini index ratio. The findings showed that human capital and institutions were the main pillars in improving the quality of regional economic growth. Interestingly, there was a strong relationship between business opportunities and economic growth. However, the business opportunities had significantly negative effect toward the regional economic growth. These indicate the existence of a disturbance outside the model, namely the presence of bank credit which apparently made the business doers suffered losses. In this way, there is a need to examine further the reasons why the bank credits given to MSMEs negatively effect the economic growth.  

DETERMINANT MEAN YEARS OF SCHOOLING IN CENTRAL JAVA Lestari, Dina Hernita; Setyadharma, Andryan
Efficient: Indonesian Journal of Development Economics Vol 2 No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

The purpose of this research is to determine factors that affect mean years schooling in Central Java between 2014-2017. The data used in this research is panel data. The panel data consists of time series data (2014-2017) and cross section data (35 districts/cities in Central Java). The variables used in this research are dropouts school rate, child labor, BOS fund allocation, per capita income, and poverty rate. The results of this research indicate that: dropouts school rate has insignificant effect on MYS, child labour has a negative and significant effect on MYS, BOS has insignificant effect on MYS, per capita income has a positive and significant effect on MYS, poverty rate has a negative and significant effect on MYS. Based on the results of this research, it is suggested that: (1) The local goverment need to do coordination regulary with related institute; (2) First before other things, finish the poverty problems so the child labor will be decreased; (3) The government needs to maximize work programs other than BOS fund allocation such as the Poor Students Program (BSM) and the Smart Indonesia Card (KIP); (4) The increasement of human welfare will improve the capability to defray education tp the next level; (5) The goverment must maximize more the work program that have been made such as the BSM and KIP programs so it can be reached by children from the poor family.   Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi rata-rata masa sekolah di Jawa Tengah antara 2014-2017. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data panel. Data panel terdiri dari data deret waktu (2014-2017) dan data penampang (35 kabupaten / kota di Jawa Tengah). Variabel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah angka putus sekolah, pekerja anak, alokasi dana BOS, pendapatan per kapita, dan tingkat kemiskinan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: tingkat putus sekolah berpengaruh tidak signifikan terhadap MYS, pekerja anak memiliki efek negatif dan signifikan terhadap MYS, BOS memiliki efek tidak signifikan pada MYS, pendapatan per kapita memiliki efek positif dan signifikan terhadap MYS, tingkat kemiskinan memiliki efek negatif dan signifikan pada MYS. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, disarankan agar: (1) Pemerintah daerah perlu melakukan koordinasi secara teratur dengan lembaga terkait; (2) Pertama sebelum hal-hal lain, selesaikan masalah kemiskinan sehingga pekerja anak akan berkurang; (3) Pemerintah perlu memaksimalkan program kerja selain alokasi dana BOS seperti Program Siswa Miskin (BSM) dan Kartu Indonesia Pintar (KIP); (4) Peningkatan kesejahteraan manusia akan meningkatkan kemampuan untuk membiayai pendidikan ke tingkat berikutnya; (5) Pemerintah harus memaksimalkan lebih banyak program kerja yang telah dibuat seperti program BSM dan KIP sehingga dapat dijangkau oleh anak-anak dari keluarga miskin.

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