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PENGARUH VARIASI LAMA KONTAK FITOREMEDIASI TANAMAN KIAMBANG (SALVINIA MOLESTA) TERHADAP KADAR KADMIUM (Cd) PADA LIMBAH CAIR HOME INDUSTRY BATIK “X” MAGELANG Zulfa Oktavia; Budiyono Budiyono; Niki Astorina Yunita Dewanti
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat (Undip) Vol 4, No 5 (2016): SEPTEMBER
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Diponegoro

Batik industry "X" has a potential to produce hazardous waste in the form of Cadmium (0.72 mg/L). It can cause environmental pollution if there is no wastewater treatment plant. One of the methods which used to reduce the levels of Cd is phytoremediation using Salvinia molesta. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of contact time variation by using Salvinia molesta towards the levels of Cd in liquid waste of batik. The type of research used a quasi-experiment research with pretest-posttest with control design. The population in this research were the liquid waste of the batik which was produced from the batik’s dying process. The sample that used were 150 liters of liquid waste of dying output that has diluted 25 % to 9 replications and 3 controls. The level of the Cd decline efficiency by using Salvinia molesta during 9 days contact time showed the highest decline 58.80%. From the Kruskal Wallis test, significance value of 0.0001 ( < 0.05) was obtained. The variation of the contact time affected the value decreased levels of Cadmium (Cd). Continued test with Mann Whitney concluded that there were significant differences in the average of cadmium level decrease by using Salvinia molesta in the variation of the contact time during 3 days to 6 days and 9 days. The conclusion of this study was the variation of the contact time using Salvinia molesta affected on decreased levels of Cd in liquid waste of batik X. Prolonged the contact time of the plant; therefore, the Cd levels of the liquid water will be lower.

FAKTOR-FAKTOR LINGKUNGAN FISIK RUMAH YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEJADIAN PNEUMONIA PADA BALITA DI WILAYAH PUSKESMAS PASAR MINGGU JAKARTA SELATAN Ayu Cintya Paraswati; Suhartono Suhartono; Niki Astorina Yunita Dewanti
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat (Undip) Vol 4, No 4 (2016): JULI
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Diponegoro

Pneumonia is one of the main cause of death in infants aged less than 5 years. According to poli MTBS, pneumonia is a top five disease in Pasar Minggu Primary Health Care. The purpose of this research is to know the factors of the physical environment condition related to the incidence of pneumonia on infants. This research is a type of observational analytic study design with case-control study. The number of samples is 86 respondents who comprise 43 respondents group of cases and 43 respondent a control group, who are selected by the method of purposive sampling. Data analysis in this research used Chi Square test and see a big risk with Odds Ratio. The results of this study of the 9 variables examined there is no variable associated with the incidence of pneumonia in infants, but 1 variable is risk factor, natural pencahyaan in home (p-value = 0.035; Or = 4.040; 95% CI 1,027-15,901). So it can be inferred natural lighting does’t have significant relations, however represents a risk factor for the occurrence of pneumonia in infants. Therefore, always keep the House clean and healthy, like opening the Windows in the morning and evening or use the Sun's light translucent roof. It is important to avoid pneumonia prevention in infants.

KEMAMPUAN KOAGULAN KITOSAN DENGAN VARIASI DOSIS DALAM MENURUNKAN KANDUNGAN COD DAN KEKERUHAN PADA LIMBAH CAIR LAUNDRY (Studi pada Rahma Laundry, Kecamatan Tembalang, Kota Semarang) Dyah Agustin Catur Putri; Tri Joko; Niki Astorina Yunita Dewanti
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat (Undip) Vol 3, No 3 (2015): JULI
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Diponegoro

Laundry liquid waste contains several chemical substances in detergent raw materials such as phosphate, surfactants, ammonia, and total suspended solids. The existence of detergent in high concentrations and exceeds the quality standards that have been estabilished in a body of water can lead to cases of enviromental pollution in the form of increased turbidity an Chemical Oxygen Demands (COD) levels. Therefore in order to maintain and to ensure the availabillity of water in terms of quality, it requires coagulation-flocculation process to laundry liquid waste before discharging into water bodies. This study aims to determine the decrease of COD levels and turbidity level in laundry liquid waste using chitosan coagulant in Rahma Laundry, Tembalang District, Semarang. The research is a quasi experimental study with pretest-posttest with control group research design with 6 times replication. The total samples are 60 in wich 24 tested for the levels of turbidity and 6 controls. The test results of Kruskal-Wallis with significance p-value < 0,05 indicates that dosage variation (p=0,000) gives different levels of COD and dosage variation (p=0,000) provide 755,97 mg/l and the advantage levels of turbidity before treatment was 516,20 NTU. The optimum dosage of chitosan coagulant is on the dose of 200 mg/l with the effectiveness decrease of COD levels and turbidity levels on 72,67% an 98,67% respectively.

HUBUNGAN KONDISI LINGKUNGAN FISIK RUMAH DAN PERILAKU ANGGOTA KELUARGA DENGAN KEJADIAN PNEUMONIA PADA BALITA (Studi Kasus di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Magelang Selatan Kota Magelang) Diah Kusumawati; Suhartono Suahartono; Niki Astorina Yunita Dewanti
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat (Undip) Vol 3, No 3 (2015): JULI
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Diponegoro

Pneumonia remains a global health problem. Pneumonia is an acute infection of the air passages that have the potential to cause significant respiratory difficulty because of inflammation proscess in which there is a consolidation caused cavities alveolar filling by exudate. The risk factors that affect the incidence of pneumonia include the physical environment condition of the house and the behavior of family members who are not healthy. The highest incidence of pneumonia in 2014 contained in South Magelang Health Center, amounting to 232 cases. This research aims to determine the relationship between the physical environment condition of the house and behavior of family members with pneumonia incidence on children under five years old in the working area of South Magelang Health Center, Magelang City. This research uses an observational analytic research with case control study design. Samples in the this research were 90 children aged 12-59 months consisting of 45 case groups and 45 control groups with age and sex of the children matching. Analysis of data using Chi Square test with a 95% confidence interval. The results showed that from risk factors of physical environmental of a house had significant relationship with pneumonia incidence on children such as the level of residential density (p = 0.018; OR = 3.143), the intensity of natural lighting in the home (p = 0.033; OR = 2.768), and home humidity levels (p = 0.017; OR = 3.231), while risk factors of family members behavior had significant relationship with pneumonia incidence on children such as the habit of opening the windows in the morning and during the day (p = 0.019; OR = 3.007). Conclusion of this research are the physical environment condition of the house and the behavior of family members had significant relationship with pneumonia incidence on children include the level of residential density, the intensity of natural lighting in the the house, the house humidity levels, and the habit of opening the windows in the morning and during the day.

ANALISIS PERBEDAAN FUNGSI PARU PADA PEMULUNG BERDASARKAN KADAR DEBU TOTAL DI TPS SAMPAH KOTA SEMARANG Mia Eka Prinata; Nurjazuli Nurjazuli; Niki Astorina Yunita Dewanti
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat (Undip) Vol 5, No 5 (2017): SEPTEMBER
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Diponegoro

Scavenger is a community group that performs the activity of his work as parser trash in temporary landfill (TPS) and high-risk health disorders affected due to interact directly with the trash every day. Scavenger activity and means of transportation in the area temporary landfill produce high concentration of dust and cause a decrease in lung function capacity. This research aims to analyze the difference of lung function capacity (KVP and% VEP1%) on scavengers based on total dust concentration at TPS Semarang. This research is observational analytic study with cross-sectional approach. Data collection using the instrument is a questionnaire, spirometer and measurements of ambient dust concentration total. The research was conducted at three temporary landfill (TPS) in Semarang city, namely TPS Tembalang, Karangsaru, TPS and TPS Panggung Lor. Respondents taken in purposive sampling as many as 33 people. Total dust measurement results on the TPS Tembalang = 41,67 µ g/m3, TPS Karangsaru = 191.44 µ g/m3 and the TPS Panggung Lor = 254.32 µ g/m3. The results of the measurement of lung function capacity on scavenger using the spirometer as much 39.4% did not have a breakdown of pulmonary function (normal) Thirteen respondents and 60.6% (20 people) from 33 respondents underwent pulmonary function disturbances include mild restriction (39.4%), middle restriction (6.1%), heavy restriction (9.1%) and mixed (6.1%). The data were analyzed using one way anova test with significant level 95% (α = 0.05). The results of statistical tests the value of FVC (p = 0,135) and the value of FEV1 (p = 0,101) which means there is no difference in lung function capacity (FVC and FEV1% values) in the total dust concentration based on a scavenger at three temporary landfill (TPS) in the Semarang city. Conclusions on this research is the higher concentration of total dust in the polling stations, the higher the proportion of respondents who experienced lung function capacity impaired.

STUDI PREVALENSI KERACUNAN PESTISIDA PADA PETANI PENYEMPROT SAYUR DI DESA MENDONGAN KECAMATAN SUMOWONO KABUPATEN SEMARANG Muhammad Imam Ma'arif; Suhartono Suhartono; Niki Astorina Yunita Dewanti
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat (Undip) Vol 4, No 5 (2016): SEPTEMBER
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Diponegoro

Mendongan village is one of the producers of vegetables in the use of pesticides are still high, of which 100% of the farmers in the village Mendongan use pesticides to kill pests. Results of preliminary studies, 75% of farmers do not use full protective equipment when spraying vegetables. In Semarang District also has been no monitoring of pesticide poisoning by the District Health Office and there has been no thorough assistance of puskesmas officers related to the use of pesticides by farmers. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of pesticide poisoning in spraying vegetable farmers in the village Mendongan Sumowono District of Semarang District. The research location is in the village Mendongan Sumowono District of Semarang District. This study was observational analytic with cross sectional study design. Samples of this study were 38 respondents. Data analysis using Chi Square. The results showed a 44.7% level of knowledge is not good, the frequency of spraying 5.3% often, completeness APD 31.6% of respondents did not complete, 97.4% of respondents working lives long, long hose down 26.3%> 3 hours a day, spraying 2.6% one time, the dose of pesticides used 28.9% of respondents do not match, the wind direction while spraying 5.3% in the opposite direction, and the amount of pesticides 31.6%> 3 types. Cholinesterase level examination results showed 100% of respondents are still in a state of normal. The result of the relationship of nine independent variables studied there is no meaningful relationship to lower levels of cholinesterase in the blood of farmers, but based on the value of RP (Prevalence Ratio) when spraying (PR = 1.768; 95% CI = 1.330 to 2.334) and wind direction (PR = 1.800; 95% CI = 1.344 to 2.411) are risk factors for low levels of cholinesterase. The conclusion from this study that the prevalence of poisoning in spraying vegetable farmer in the village Mendongan Sumowono District of Semarang District of 0.

HUBUNGAN ANTARA PENERAPAN PROGRAM SANITASI TOTAL BERBASIS MASYARAKAT (STBM) DENGAN KEJADIAN DIARE DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS JATIBOGOR KABUPATEN TEGAL Dinar Andaru Mukti; Mursid Raharjo; Niki Astorina Yunita Dewanti
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat (Undip) Vol 4, No 3 (2016): MEI
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Diponegoro

The occurrence of diarrhea is still high and the top 10 diseases in Jatibogor Health Center, in line with poor sanitary conditions, especially the behavior of open defecation which reached 30% of the population. The goal of this study is to determine the relationship between the implementation of CLTS program with the occurance of diarrhea in Jatibogor Public Health Center Tegal. This study is an observational analytic research with cross sectional approach. This study population is all households living in Jatibogor Public Health Center Tegal. The sample is 100 households. The sampling technique using proportional random sampling. Data analysis using chi square test. The results of this study indicate that 22% of households defecation carelessly, 50% do not apply handwashing with soap, 51% do not apply drinking water and food management, 97% do not apply safe waste management, and 94% do not apply safe waste water management. There is a relationship between the implementation of STBM in stop open defecation aspect (p=0,02), handwashing with soap aspect (p=0,013), and household waste water management aspect (p=0,047) with the occurrence of diarrhea in Jatibogor Public Health Center Tegal. There is no relationship between the implementation of STBM in household drinking water and food management aspect (p=0,570) and household waste management aspect (p=0,636) with the occcurance of diarrhea in Jatibogor Public Health Center Tegal. The implementation of STBM program associated with the occurance of diarrhea in Jatibogor Public Health Center Tegal in aspects stop defecating carelessly, washing hands with soap, and waste water management.

HUBUNGAN PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DENGAN KEBERFUNGSIAN TEMPAT PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH TERPADU (TPST) SAEMAN PADANGSARI, KOTA SEMARANG Rifcha Rahmi Zahara; Tri Joko; Niki Astorina Yunita Dewanti
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat (Undip) Vol 3, No 3 (2015): JULI
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Diponegoro

Garbage is currently a key issue in large cities, especially in Indonesia. To reduce waste generation in urban conducted flagship program 3R (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) are expected waste generation can be reduced or even not left at all. The general requirements for waste management one of them is in terms of public participation aspects. This study aimed determine the relationship between community participation with the functioning IWMS Saeman Padangsari, Semarang. This study was observational analytic with cross sectional approach. Samples in this research were 38 respondent. The results showed that there was a relationship of public participation in segregation from the source to the functioning IWMS Saeman, there is a relationship of community participation in waste management using the concept of 3R with functioning IWMS Saeman, there is public participation in relation to pay contributions to the functioning of IWMS Saeman, there is no relationship of public participation in comply with the rules of landfills that have been assigned to the functioning IWMS Saeman, there is no relationship of community participation in maintaining the cleanliness of the surrounding environment with functioning IWMS Saeman, there is a relationship of community participation in an active role in the socialization of environmental waste management with the functioning IWMS Saeman. The need to increase people's active participation in waste management in the region IWMS Saeman Padangsari and increasing the dissemination of the manager IWMS Saeman are several alternatives that IWMS Saeman Padangsari function properly.

HUBUNGAN ANTARA MASA KERJA DENGAN KADAR TIMBAL (Pb) DALAM DARAH PADA PEKERJA INDUSTRI PENGECORAN LOGAM CV. BONJOR JAYA DI DESA BATUR, CEPER, KLATEN Dian Islamiari Qoriah; Onny Setiani; Niki Astorina Yunita Dewanti
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat (Undip) Vol 3, No 3 (2015): JULI
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Diponegoro

Lead is a toxic substance that has cumulative effect and harmful to human health. Metal foundry is a metal industry that has the potential contributes pollutants lead into the air. So that workers in the foundry including people at risk of exposure metallic lead, because the raw materials used metal may contain lead. Purpose of this research is to determine the relationship between working period and lead concentration in blood at the metal foundry industry workers CV. BonjorJaya in Batur, Ceper, Klaten. The research method used analytical observation with cross sectional design. Total of samples are 31 people with purposive sampling. Analysis of data, the writer used Chi Square test with a significance level of 0,05 and 95% confidence level. The results were obtained concentration Pb in the air parts of the foundry are 0,208 mg/Nm3, printing are 0,212 mg/Nm3 and finishing are 0,037 mg/Nm3. Mean lead concentration in blood of the workers was 14,38 µg/dL with minimum concentration of 3,00 µg/dL, maximum of 37,40 µg/dL. Mean working period was 10,11 years with the most recent of working period one year and the longest 28 years. As many as 51,6% of workers had Pb concentration in blood above normal (>10 µg/dL). Based on the results of statistical tests showed that there was no relationship between working period and lead concentration in blood at the metal foundry industry workers CV. Jaya Bonjor in Batur, Ceper, Klaten (p value = 1,000). Suggestion for the company, monitoring work environment about air quality especially lead and held a medical checks for workers in periodic, establish policy about limitation of working period and job site and use of Personal Protective Equipment. For workers suggested obligatory use of PPE and pay attention personal hygiene in the workplace.

EVALUASI SANITASI DAN KEBERADAAN VEKTOR PADA KAPAL BARANG DAN KAPAL PENUMPANG DI PELABUHAN TANJUNG EMAS SEMARANG Intan Aulia Putri; Tri Joko; Niki Astorina Yunita Dewanti
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat (Undip) Vol 5, No 5 (2017): SEPTEMBER
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Diponegoro

Ship sanitation is very important because it can prevent and minimize the presence of vector as the cause of disease transmission like Leptospirosis and Cholera. A proper evaluation by the Port Health Office, especially the Environmental Risk Control Section as the technical implementation of of ship sanitation inspection. This study aims to determine the condition of hygiene, sanitation, and the presence of vector on the cargo and passenger ship in Tanjung Emas Port. This research was an observational study with cross sectional approach. The sample of this research was 16 ship consisting of 12 cargo ship and 4 passenger ship that have an inspection schedule on May 31 – June 11 2017. The results of this study indicate that there are some variables that unqualified, they are kitchen sanitation (6,25%), kitchen lighting (6,25%), washing facilities in the kitchen (100%), solid waste management (6,25%), and presence of vectors (14,5%). The conclusion of this study are there are ships that have unquilified room sanitation and solid waste management, also be found ships with high risk categories.

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