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Farida Yulianti
Balai Penelitian Tanaman Jeruk dan Buah Subtropika, Jl. Raya Tlekung Junrejo, Batu, Kotak Pos 22, Malang 65301 Telp. (0341) 592683
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Perbanyakan Massal Embrio Kalamondin Melalui Teknologi Somatik Embriogenesis Menggunakan Bioreaktor Devy, Nirmala Frianti; Yulianti, Farida; Hardiyanto, Hardiyanto
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 22, No 1 (2012): Maret 2012
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

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Abstract

Sejauh ini, penelitian perbanyakan somatik embriogenesis baik untuk penyediaan semaian batang bawah maupun varietas komersial jeruk menghasilkan laju multiplikasi yang relatif lambat. Kombinasi antara perbanyakan melalui metode somatik embriogenesis dengan penggunaan bioreaktor, diharapkan mampu meningkatkan laju produksi kalus embrionik menjadi planlet.  Kajian awal dilakukan menggunakan nuselus Kalamondin (Citrus mitis Blanco) sebagai sumber kalus. Kalus yang dihasilkan diinduksi dan diperbanyak menjadi kalus embrionik dan embrio dengan cara dikulturkan pada shaker (100 rpm) serta bulb bioreactor. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah membandingkan produksi embrio Kalamondin melalui teknologi somatik embriogenesis pada kultur cair menggunakan shaker dan bioreaktor. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Kultur Jaringan Balai Penelitian Tanaman Jeruk dan Buah Subtropika, dari September 2008 sampai dengan Desember 2009.  Pada tahapan perbanyakan embrio dengan metode shaker, diperoleh bahwa rerata kemampuan kalus menghasilkan embrio dalam kultur selama 10 minggu ialah 18,12 embrio/g kalus. Dengan kisaran waktu yang sama, total embrio yang dihasilkan 3 g kalus/300 cc media cair di dalam bioreaktor menghasilkan 46 embrio/g kalus atau setara 2,53 kali dibandingkan metode shaker. Embrio yang tumbuh pada bioreaktor dapat berkembang hampir 100% menjadi planlet. Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa aplikasi bioreaktor untuk tujuan perbanyakan massal embrio Kalamondin memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap laju multiplikasinya.ABSTRAKSo far, research on somatic embryogenesis for rootstock and citrus commercial varieties has been faced by low multiplication rate of embryos. Combination of somatic embryogenesis method and bioreactor hypothezed can increase multiplication rate of embryos and improve regeneration of embryogenic calli to produce plantlets.  Kalamondin explants were inducted and proliferated to be embryonic calli and embryos using both shaker (100 rpm) and bulb bioreactor. The aimed of this research was to compare the production of Kalamondin embryos through somatic embryogenesis method on liquid media using shaker and bulb bioreactor. Research was conducted at Tissue Culture Laboratory of Indonesian Citrus and Subtropical Fruit Research Institute from September 2008 to December 2009.  Kalamondin nucelus as a callus source was used in this research. Results of the study indicated that the average of embryos production through shaker technique within 10 weeks of culture incubation was 18.12 embryos/g callus, while application of bioreactor imrpoved embryo productivity up to  46 embryos/g calli (3 g/300 cc media). The multiplication rate using the bioreactor increased up to 2.53 fold compare to shaker method. Results of the study give the real evidence that application of biorector for in vitro mass propagation of Kalamondin embryos had high significant effect on embryo multiplication rate.
Evaluasi Variasi Somaklonal pada Benih Jeruk Hasil Pebanyakan Melalui Embriogenesis Somatik Yulianti, Farida; Devy, Nirmala Friyanti; Widyaningsih, Sri
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 22, No 4 (2012): Desember
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

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ABSTRAK. Deteksi dini variasi somaklonal sangat penting dilakukan untuk menghindari kerugian secara ekonomis akibat penggunaan bibit off-type. Hingga saat ini teknik molekuler masih merupakan sarana terbaik untuk menganalisis stabilitas genetik tanaman hasil mikropropagasi. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk menguji stabilitas genetik tiga varietas tanaman jeruk (JC, Volkameriana, dan siam Kintamani)  hasil perbanyakan melalui embriogenesis somatik. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Terpadu, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Jeruk dan Buah Subtropika (Balitjestro), pada Bulan Oktober 2010 sampai dengan Desember 2011. Pengujian kestabilan genetik dilakukan dengan teknik PCR menggunakan penanda inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR). Pengujian dilakukan pada empat stadia umur, yaitu fase kalus, embrio, planlet, dan semaian. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga dilakukan untuk mengelompokkan tanaman hasil perbanyakan yang diuji di dalam dendrogram yang dihitung menurut UPGMA menggunakan metode SAHN pada program NTSys-PC versi 2.10.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa planlet yang disubkultur sebanyak lima kali tidak mengalami penyimpangan secara genetik. Sebagian besar tanaman hasil perbanyakan dengan embriogenesis somatik setelah 10 kali subkultur mengalami perubahan genetik.  Penyebab terjadinya variasi somaklonal ialah periode kultur yang lama (lebih dari 12 bulan) dan penggunaan hormon benzyl amino purine (BAP) yang cukup tinggi sebesar 3 mg/l.  Dengan demikian, perlu dilakukan efisiensi proses perbanyakan benih jeruk melalui embriogenesis somatik.ABSTRACT.  Yulianti, F, Devy, NF and Widyaningsih, S 2012. Evaluation of Somaclonal Variation of Citrus Plantlets Resulted from Somatic Embryogenesis.  Early detection of somaclonal variation is very important to avoid economic losses caused by using off-type seedling. Until now, molecular technique is still one of the best tools for early detection of genetic stability of micropropagated plant materials. The research was aimed to test occurance of somaclonal variation of the three varieties of citrus (JC, Volkameriana, and siam Kintamani) micropropagated via somatic embryogenesis. The research was conducted at Integrated Laboratory of Indonesian Citrus and Subtropical Fruit Research Institute (ICISFRI), from October 2010 to December 2011. Somaclonal variation testing was performed by inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. The test was done on the four stages i.e. callus, embryos, plantlets, and seedlings. Meanwhile, this research was also to group micropropagated plants in the dendrogram that was calculated by using the UPGMA method in the SAHN program NTSys-PC version 2.10. The results showed that plantlets that had been subcultured five times did not have a genetic variation.  Most of the plants resulted from somatic embryogenesis multiplication that after 10 times subculture undergone genetic changes. The occurrence of somaclonal variation appeared as a result of long culture period (more than 12 months) and the use high concentration of hormones benzyl amino purine (BAP) at 3 mg/l.  Thus, the process of citrus propagation through somatic embriogenesis necessary to efficient.
Pengaruh Densitas Awal Kalus dalam Perbanyakan Melalui Embriogenesis Somatik terhadap Daya Multiplikasi dan Stabilitas Genetik Planlet Siam Kintamani Devy, Nirmala Friyanti; Yulianti, Farida; -, Hardiyanto
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 22, No 4 (2012): Desember
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

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Abstract

Optimasi metode pada setiap tahapan perbanyakan melalui embriogenesis somatik perlu dilakukan, mencakup aspek eksplan, media, dan lingkungan tumbuh.  Tujuan penelitian ialah mengetahui pengaruh kepadatan awal (initial density) kalus dalam kultur embriogenesis somatik terhadap laju multiplikasi dan stabilitas genetik planlet yang dihasilkan dari perbanyakan dengan metode SE pada tanaman siam Kintamani. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium SE, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Jeruk dan Buah Subtropika (Balitjestro) mulai Bulan Maret 2009 sampai dengan Februari 2011. Penelitian terdiri atas dua tahap, yaitu (1) perlakuan densitas awal dan (2) analisis stabilitas genetik planlet yang dihasilkan dari perbanyakan SE  siam Kintamani. Kegiatan I terdiri atas lima perlakuan densitas kalus (ID100–ID300), yaitu  100, 150, 200, 250, dan 300 mg yang dikulturkan pada 25 ml media cair MS + 500 mg/l malt ekstrak (ME) + 1,5 mg/l BA, yang disusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok dengan tiga ulangan, tiap ulangan terdiri atas lima erlenmeyer, sedangkan pada penelitian analisis stabilitas genetik, sampel yang digunakan ialah tanaman hasil perbanyakan SE pada stadia planlet hasil subkultur 1–6. Planlet tersebut diuji keragamannya dengan teknik PCR menggunakan penanda inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, jaringan nuselus yang digunakan sebagai eksplan dapat tumbuh dengan memuaskan pada 12–45 hari setelah kultur pada media inisiasi kalus.  Pertambahan berat basah kalus pada setiap subkultur sangat beragam.  Pertambahan berat basah tertinggi terjadi pada ID100 subkultur ke-5, sedangkan pertambahan berat secara total tertinggi ditemukan pada perlakuan ID200. Tanaman hasil perbanyakan SE pada stadia planlet secara genetik seragam dengan induknya. Namun pengujian stabilitas genetik pada tanaman hasil SE masih harus terus dilakukan seiring dengan semakin lama tanaman dipelihara di dalam kultur, mengingat frekuensi mutasi dapat meningkat seiring dengan semakin lamanya periode kultur. Implikasi hasil penelitian ini ialah proses multiplikasi kalus dan induksi embriogenesis somatik berlangsung optimal dan tidak mengakibatkan off-type pada tanaman yang dihasilkan. The optimization of the whole stage on in vitro multiplication via somatic embryogenesis must be done in the explants, media, and growth environment factors. The aim of this experiment to determine the effect of callus initial density in somatic embryogenesis culture on multiplication rate and plantlet genetic stability resulted from somatic embryogenesis method on Kintamani tangerin. The research was conducted at SE Laboratory of Indonesian Citrus and Subtropical Fruit Research Institute (ICISFRI) from March 2009 up to February 2011.  The research consisted of two activities, namely: (1) initial density treatments and (2) analysis of genetic stability of Kintamani tangerin plantlets resulting from SE. The 1st activity consisted of five treatments callus density (ID100 - ID300), namely 100, 150, 200, 250, and  300 mg of callus that cultured in 25 ml of liquid MS medium + 500 mg/l malt extract (ME) + 1.5 mg/l BA, using a randomized block design, three replicates with five erlenmeyers units, while at the analysis of genetic stability research, the samples used were plantlet-stadia derived from 1st up to 6th subculture. The variability of those plantlets was tested by PCR using inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) marker. The results showed that nucellus tissue that used as explants can be grown satisfactorily in 12–45 days after culture at the callus initiation media. The fresh weight of callus increment on each subculture was very diverse. The highest fresh weight value was found in ID100 treatment in the fifth subculture. However, the highest of total weight increment was in ID200 treatment. The SE-derived plant was genetically uniform with its parent. However, genetic stability testing on the SE-derived plants should be still continued because it would give enhancement of the frequency of mutations with longer periods of culture.  The implication of the research was optimum process of callus multiplication and somatic embryogenesis induction and did not result in off-type plants.
Daya Tumbuh Tanaman Jeruk Kalamondin Hasil Perbanyakan Via Somatik Embriogenesis In Vitro pada Batang Bawah JC Devy, Nirmala Frianti; Sugiyanto, Arri; Yulianti, Farida
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 21, No 3 (2011): SEPTEMBER 2011
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

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Abstract

Perbanyakan tanaman buah dengan metode sambung pada produk in vitro telah banyak dilakukan. Pada tanaman jeruk, batang bawah merupakan hal penting karena sistem perakaran yang lebih baik dan ketahanan terhadap penyakit akar dibandingkan batang atas komersial.  Penelitian penyambungan in vitro dan ex vitro jeruk Kalamondin hasil perbanyakan somatik embriogenesis (SE) pada batang bawah JC dilakukan di Laboratorium Somatik Embriogensis dan Rumah Pembibitan Balai Penelitian Tanaman Jeruk dan Buah Subtropika (Balitjestro), pada Januari – Desember 2010. Penyambungan dilakukan pada dua kondisi, yaitu (1) kondisi in vitro, yaitu embrio dan planlet Kalamondin disambungkan pada planlet JC dan (2) ex vitro atau kondisi lapangan, yaitu batang atas jenis embrio dan planlet disambungkan pada batang bawah JC dengan perlakuan tiga macam, yaitu planlet JC hasil perbanyakan  SE berumur 4 dan 8 bulan setelah aklimatisasi, serta semaian biji umur 8 bulan.  Masing-masing kegiatan disusun secara rancangan acak kelompok dan rancangan acak lengkap faktorial dengan tiga ulangan dengan unit percobaan masing-masing empat tanaman.  Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa daya tumbuh tanaman jeruk hasil sambungan antara Kalamondin (Citrus mitis Blanco) hasil perbanyakan SE pada batang bawah JC secara ex vitro lebih baik dibanding in vitro. Pada kegiatan in vitro,  sampai dengan umur 10 bulan setelah penyambungan, persentase sambungan yang tidak jadi (mati) dipengaruhi oleh jenis batang atas yang digunakan, di mana penggunaan planlet sebagai batang atas menyebabkan persentase kematian lebih tinggi dibandingkan penggunaan embrio.  Pada penyambungan ex vitro, tidak ada interaksi antara perlakuan batang bawah dengan batang atas pada semua parameter pengamatan, dengan tinggi tanaman hasil sambung pada umur 10 bulan rerata mencapai 53,7 cm. Dari penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa hasil perbanyakan jeruk melalui SE, baik berupa embrio kotiledonari maupun planlet dapat difungsikan sebagai batang atas dan tumbuh dengan memuaskan bila disambungkan dengan batang bawah jeruk secara ex vitro.The fruit plant propagation by grafting method of product in vitro has been documented already.  The using of a rootstock is a very important thing in citrus propagation industry.  Besides of its better root system, it has an important role on preventing root diseases attack where scion part relatively more susceptible.  The research of the Calamondin derived from somatic embryogenesis (SE) propagation that grafted in vitro and ex vitro on JC rootstock grafting was conducted in Somatic Embryogenesis Laboratory and Nursery House of Indonesian Citrus and Subtropical Fruit Research Institute (ICISFRI) from January to December 2010.  This research using both embryos and plantlets of citrus cv. Calamondin derived from SE propagation in vitro as stocks and JC as rootstock, respectively. The grafting was done on the two conditions, (1) in vitro i.e. the stock was grafted on the JC plantlet and (2) field condition i.e. the stock plant was grafted on to three treatments rootstock ( 4 and 8 months acclimated SE plant and 8 months age-seedling of JC).  The activities were arranged as randomized block design and factorial rondomized complete design respectively, with three replications with four plants for each experimental unit.  The results showed that the growth of citrus cv. Calamondin (Citrus mitis Blanco) derived from SE propagation on JC rootstock at ex vitro activity better than in vitro activity.  At in vitro activity, up to 10 months after grafting, percentage of death grafting influenced by type of stock, where the used of plantlets as stock causing more death grafting than embryo.  At another activity, there was no interaction between treatment effect with the combination rootstock and stock treatment for all parameters, with plants height average reached 53.7 cm. From this research, we could make a conclusion that the product of propagation via somatic embryogenesis technique, both cotyledonary embryos and plantlets, could be used as a stock that would growth satisfactory if they grafted on the citrus rootstock ex vitro.
Attracting Customers Interest through Celebrity Endorses for Marketplace Putra, Defin Shahrial; Yulianti, Farida; Abdurrahim, Abdurrahim
JDM (Jurnal Dinamika Manajemen) Vol 11, No 1 (2020): March 2020 (DOAJ Indexed)
Publisher : Department of Management, Faculty of Economics, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jdm.v11i1.22784

Abstract

This study aims to determine the tendency of celebrity endorse mediated by brand awareness impact to attract buying interest from the public. This is because celebrities are people who are well known to the public and have there are charm. So that with the support of celebrities will have an impact on the sale of their products. Some marketplaces use celebrities as brand ambassadors to attract buyers, besides it will give celebrity brands that are constantly remembered by customers. In this study because the population is unknown, the sampling technique uses purposive sampling as many as 310 respondents. The analysis technique used is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results show that brand awareness mediates the influence of celebrities on customer interest when a celebrity carries advertisements will give the impression to customers that the celebrity has a good reputation and attractiveness will have a good impact. Besides the marketplace in choosing a celebrity will look for those who can deliver advertisements with professionals. The implication of this research is the need for celebrity support related to the importance of attracting people’s purchasing power to the marketplace, in addition to a well-known combination of a good reputation and attractive appearance has added value that will provide reminders to customers.
The Economic Development Impact To Environment Quality : Kuznet’s Curve Hyphothesis and Non Linier Regression Approach Zulfikar, Rizka; Yulianti, Farida; Wicaksono, Teguh; Mayvita, Prihatini Ade
International Journal of Science, Technology & Management Vol. 2 No. 3 (2021): May 2021
Publisher : International Journal of Science, Technology & Management

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46729/ijstm.v2i3.205

Abstract

This study aims was to identify impact of economic development factors to the the environment quality by using Kuznet's Curve Hyphotesis and non linear regression. The determinants studied are indicators of economic development such as Gross Domestic Regional Income (GDRI) of the industrial sector, mining sector, agricultural/plantation /forestry/fishery/livestock sectors, poverty, unemployment and human development index (HDI). While the environmental quality indicators used are Water Quality Index (WQI), Air Quality Index (AQI) and Land Cover Quality Index (LCQI). The data used is secondary data from the Department of Environment, the Department of Energy and Mineral Resources, and also the Central Bureau of Statistics of South Kalimantan Province. Secondary data types used include WQI, AQI, LCQI, GDRI, poverty, unemployment and HDI data for the period 2006 – 2020. The method used in this study is descriptive quantitatively using Kuznet's Curve hypothesis and non linear regression. The final results obtained from this study include (1) The influence of economic development indicators on environmental quality is in accordance with Kuznet's Curve hypothesis and shows non-linear relationships. (2) Only the unemployment indicator is not identified non-linearly due to the adjusted value of R Square < 0 and the significance of the > 0.05.
Inovasi Biji Karet Sebagai Produk Souvenir dan Panganan Keripik Dalam Upaya Pemberdayaan Masyarakat di Desa Wisata Aranio Purboyo, Purboyo; Yulianti, Farida; Wicaksono, Teguh; Vitria, Aida; Abdurrahim, Abdurrahim; Firdaus, Firdaus
Nanggroe: Jurnal Pengabdian Cendikia Vol 2, No 9 (2023): Desember
Publisher : Yayasan Daarul Huda Kruengmane

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10325885

Abstract

Desa Aranio banyak terdapat kebun karet sehingga limbah biji karet sangat banyak dan mudah didapat, namun sayang belum ada penduduk desa yang memanfaatkan limbah biji karet tersebut.Tujuan dari Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ini adalah untuk memberdayakan masyarakat Desa Aranio melalui sosialisasi dan pelatihan memanfaatkan biji karet untuk dijadikan souvenir dan produk panganan keripik. Olahan biji karet ini dapat menjadi salah satu sarana untuk meningkatan perekonomian warga Desa Aranio, dimana hasil olahan biji karet berupa keripik dan souvenir dapat di jual di daerah wisata Sungai Kambang desa Aranio. Metode yang dilaksanakan adalah berupa sosialisasi, ceramah, diskusi, tanya jawab dan pelatihan pemanfaatan biji karet sebagai produk suvenir dan panganan keripik. Mitra pengabdian adalah ibu-ibu yang ada di desa Aranio. Hasil dari pengabdian ini adalah dapat memberikan solusi atas permasalahan masyarakat desa Aranio dengan  sosialisasi dan pelatihan pemanfaatan biji karet menjadi produk yang bermanfaat dan memberikan nilai tambah sehingga masyarakat pada akhirnya mempunyai keterampilan bagaimana mengolah biji karet yang dapat dijadikan sebagai sovenir dan panganan keripik yang dapat di konsumsi sendiri atau alternatif tambahan penghasilan.
Implementation The Altman Method (Z"-Scored) For Predicting Bankruptcy: Empirical study on Nondurable Household Products Subsector Companies Listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2016-2022 Indalesari, Rezki; Kurniaty; Zulfikar, Rizka; Yulianti, Farida; Lamsah
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS, MANAGEMENT, BUSINESS, AND SOCIAL SCIENCE (IJEMBIS) Vol. 3 No. 3 (2023): September 2023
Publisher : CV ODIS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59889/ijembis.v3i3.183

Abstract

This research was conducted to find out how many companies are included in the safe zone, grey zone, and danger zone. This study uses variables X1 to X4, namely X1 describes the ratio of working capital, X2 and X3 describes the ratio of operating profit and X4 describes the ratio which measures a company's ability to pay debts. The research design is a quantitative descriptive and an empirical study. The research population is all non-durable household products sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2016-2022. The research sample was taken using purposive sampling, namely taking samples from the population based on certain criteria, and the number of samples was 5 companies for the 2016-2022 period. The results of this study indicate (1) Four of the five sample companies in this study are classified as not bankrupt, namely PT Mandom Indonesia Tbk, PT Mustika Ratu Tbk, PT Kino Indonesia Tbk and PT Unilever Indonesia Tbk. One company out of five samples is in the bankrupt category, namely PT Martina Berto Tbk. (2) The ratio of X1, X2, X3 and X4 with fluctuating values can cause the Z-Scored to fluctuate too.
Anatomical Characteristics of Roots and Stems of Citrus Rootstock as Parameter for Estimating of Rimau Gerga Lebong (RGL) Mandarin Citrus Vigor Yulianti, Farida; Latif Adiredjo, Afifuddin; Soetopo, Lita; Ashari, Sumeru
Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia (JHI) Vol. 11 No. 3 (2020): Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society for Horticulture / Department of Agronomy and Horticulture

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jhi.11.3.166-173

Abstract

Vigor tanaman jeruk dipengaruhi oleh batang bawah yang digunakan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendapatkan korelasi antara karakter anatomi akar dan batang terhadap tinggi tanaman jeruk batang bawah dan mendapatkan variabel prediksi vigor tanaman jeruk keprok RGL. Penelitian dilaksanakan di KP-Tlekung, Balitjestro mulai bulan Juni 2019 – Maret 2020. Penelitian menggunakan batang bawah JC, Citrumelo dan Kanci dengan batang atas jeruk keprok RGL. Percobaan dilaksanakan dengan rancangan acak kelompok, lima kali ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan JC dan Citrumelo sama dan lebih tinggi dibandingkan Kanci. Ketiga jenis batang bawah memiliki karakter anatomi yang berbeda. Hasil analisis korelasi menunjukkan bahwa karakter persentase dan luas pembuluh xylem baik pada akar maupun batang berkorelasi positif terhadap tinggi tanaman batang bawah. Batang bawah kanci memiliki persentase dan luas pembuluh paling kecil. Batang bawah JC memiliki persentase xylem dan rata-rata luas pembuluh xylem tertinggi baik pada irisan melintang akar maupun batang. Batang bawah Citrumelo memiliki densitas pembuluh xylem/mm2 tertinggi. Hasil evaluasi pada tanaman jeruk keprok RGL umur tiga tahun menunjukkan bahwa batang bawah JC dan Citrumelo menyebabkan tinggi tanaman dan volume kanopi lebih tinggi dibandingkan pada batang bawah Kanci. Karakter persentase dan luas pembuluh xylem dapat digunakan sebagai parameter penduga vigor tanaman jeruk RGL. Kata kunci: Jeruk batang bawah, jeruk keprok RGL, karakter anatomi, xylem, vigor
Co-Authors Abdurrahim, Abdurrahim Arri Sugiyanto Defin Shahrial Putra Eva Agustina, Eva Firdaus Firdaus Hardiyanto - Hardiyanto Hardiyanto Indalesari, Rezki Kurniaty Lamsah Latif Adiredjo, Afifuddin Lita Soetopo Nirmala Frianti Devy Nirmala Friyanti Devy Prihatini Ade Mayvita, Prihatini Ade Purboyo, Purboyo Rizka Zulfikar Sri Widyaningsih Sumeru Ashari Teguh Wicaksono Vida Nofrianinda, Vida Vitria, Aida Zulfikar, Rizka